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| author | priyanka | 2015-06-24 15:03:17 +0530 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | priyanka | 2015-06-24 15:03:17 +0530 |
| commit | b1f5c3f8d6671b4331cef1dcebdf63b7a43a3a2b (patch) | |
| tree | ab291cffc65280e58ac82470ba63fbcca7805165 /2219 | |
| download | Scilab-TBC-Uploads-b1f5c3f8d6671b4331cef1dcebdf63b7a43a3a2b.tar.gz Scilab-TBC-Uploads-b1f5c3f8d6671b4331cef1dcebdf63b7a43a3a2b.tar.bz2 Scilab-TBC-Uploads-b1f5c3f8d6671b4331cef1dcebdf63b7a43a3a2b.zip | |
initial commit / add all books
Diffstat (limited to '2219')
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diff --git a/2219/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce b/2219/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7ccbb0d06 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +// Chapter 1 example 1
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+
+// Given data
+R = 1.2; // ratio of free space wavelength of a microwave signal to its wavelength when prop. through a dielectric medium
+
+// Calculations
+// lamda = lamda0/sqrt(er);
+// er = (lamda0/lamda)^2;
+// let lamda0/lamda = R
+
+er = (R)^2; // Dielectric constant of medium
+
+// Output
+mprintf('The Dielectric constant of medium = %3.2f',er );
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce b/2219/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b5906cda2 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Chapter 1 example 2
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+Rmax = 112; // Max permissable range in Kms
+H1 = 256; // Ht of the antenna in m
+// Calculations
+// Rmax = 4(sqrt(H1) + sqrt(H2));
+// H2 = ((Rmax/4)-sqrt(H1))^2;
+H2 = ((Rmax/4)-sqrt(H1))^2; // Ht of other antenna
+// Output
+mprintf('Height of other antenna = %d m',H2);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..979d5353d --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 1
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity of EM waves in m/s
+f = 10*10^9; // carrier freq in Hz
+fm = 100; // freq of modlating signal
+dphi = 10; // separation b/w tx FM signal and demod echo signal in degrees
+
+// Calculations
+Tp = dphi/(360*fm); // round trip propagation time
+R = (c*Tp)/2; // target range
+
+// output
+mprintf('Target Range = %3.2f Km',R/1000);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.10/Ex10_10.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.10/Ex10_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..271fa56c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.10/Ex10_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 10
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given data
+disp('Let the operating frequency of first radar = f1');
+disp('Let the operating frequency of second radar = f2');
+disp('Third blind speed of Radar = (3*c/(2*f1)')
+disp('fifth blind speed of Radar = (5*c/(2*f1)')
+disp('(3*c/(2*f1) = (5*c/(2*f1)');
+disp('(f1/f2) = 3/5')
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.11/Ex10_11.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.11/Ex10_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d752f67e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.11/Ex10_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 11
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given data
+R = 100; // Range in kms
+PRR = 10*10^3; // pulse rep. rate in Hz
+c = 3*10^5; // vel. in km/s
+
+// Calculations
+PRI = 1/PRR // pulse rep. interval
+Ra = modulo(R,(c*PRI/2)); // apparent range in km
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Apparent Range = %d Km\n',Ra);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.12/Ex10_12.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.12/Ex10_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8cce3c3d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.12/Ex10_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 12
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given data
+Ra = 25; // Apparent Range in km
+PRF = 2000; // Pulse rep. freq.
+c = 3*10^5; // vel. of EM waves in km/s
+Nr = 3; // Range zone
+
+// Calculations
+R = Ra + ((c/2)*((Nr - 1)/PRF)) // true range in km
+
+// Output
+mprintf('True Range of the target = %d Km',R);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.13/Ex10_13.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.13/Ex10_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d29d0960c --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.13/Ex10_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 13
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given data
+PRF_1 = 750; // pulse rep. freq in Hz
+PRF_2 = 1000; // pulse rep. freq in Hz
+PRF_3 = 1250; // pulse rep. freq in Hz
+Ra_1 = 100; // Apparent range for PRF_1
+Ra_2 = 50; // Apparent range for PRF_2
+Ra_3 = 20; // Apparent range for PRF_3
+c = 3*10^5; // Vel of EM waves in Km/s
+
+// Calculations
+for Nr = 1:6 // Nr = Radar Zones
+ R1(Nr) = Ra_1 + ((c/2)*((Nr - 1)/PRF_1)) // true range in km
+ R2(Nr) = Ra_2 + ((c/2)*((Nr - 1)/PRF_2)) // true range in km
+ R3(Nr) = Ra_3 + ((c/2)*((Nr - 1)/PRF_3)) // true range in km
+end
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Possible True Range measurements for 750 PPS\n');
+mprintf(' = %dkm \n',R1);
+mprintf('Possible True Range measurements for 1000 PPS\n')
+mprintf(' = %dkm \n',R2);
+mprintf('Possible True Range measurements for 1250 PPS\n')
+mprintf(' = %dkm \n',R3);
+mprintf('The shortest possible range that has been measured at all PRFs is %d Km True Range = %d km',R1(3),R1(3))
+
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.14/Ex10_14.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.14/Ex10_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..061fa4538 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.14/Ex10_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 14
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given data
+Te = 4 // Expanded pulse width in usec
+f1 = 50 // RF freq in Mhz
+f2 = 70 // RF freq in Mhz
+
+// Calculations
+B = f2 - f1; // Signal bandwidth
+Tc = 1/B; // Compressed pulse width in us
+CR = Te/Tc // compression ratio
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Compression Ratio = %d\n Width of compressed pulse = %3.2f us',CR,Tc);
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.15/Ex10_15.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.15/Ex10_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..48f272586 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.15/Ex10_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 15
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given data
+f = 10*10^9; // operating freq in Hz
+c = 3*10^8; // vel. of EM waves in m/s
+Ae = 2; // Antenna aperture in m
+R = 10*10^3; // Target Range in m
+
+// Calculations
+lamda = c/f; // Wavelength in m
+bw3db = lamda/2; // 3dB beamwidth in radian
+Leff = bw3db * R; // effective length
+Xs = (R*lamda)/(2*Leff); // Cross range resolution
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Effective Length = %d m\n',Leff);
+mprintf('Cross range resolution = %d m',Xs);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.16/Ex10_16.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.16/Ex10_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..859d22856 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.16/Ex10_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 16
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given data
+R = 6000; // Target Range
+c = 3*10^8; // speed of light in m/s
+
+// Calculations
+t = (2*R)/c; // round trip time
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Round Trip time = %d us',t/10^-6);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.17/Ex10_17.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.17/Ex10_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..875e33ea5 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.17/Ex10_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 17
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given data
+v = 250; // velocity in m/s
+lamda = 10.6*10^-6 // operating wavelength
+theta = 60; // angle of depression
+
+// Calculations
+Vr = v*cos(theta*%pi/180); // radial velocity
+fd = (2*Vr)/lamda; // doppler shift
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Doppler Shift = %3.2f Mhz',fd*10^-6);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.18/Ex10_18.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.18/Ex10_18.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bf4ecc307 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.18/Ex10_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 18
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given data
+B = 10^6; // Bandwidth in Mhz
+c = 3*10^8; // speed of light in m/s
+
+// Calculations
+RR = c/(2*B); // Range Resolution in m
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Range Resolution = %d m\n',RR);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..20926dec8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 1
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+f = 10*10^9; // center freq. in Hz
+f_us = 60*10^3; // upsweep freq. in Hz
+f_ds = 80*10^3; // down sweep freq. in Hz
+fm = 100; // modulation freq. in Hz
+B = 2*10^6; // sweep bandwidth in Hz
+c = 3*10^8; // vel. of EM waves in m/s
+T = 5*10^-3;
+
+// Calculations
+fd = (f_ds - f_us)/2;
+df = (f_ds + f_us)/2;
+R = (c*T*df)/(2*B); // range in m
+// fd = (2*Vr*f)/c
+Vr = (c*fd)/(2*f); // target radial velocity
+Vr_kmph = Vr*(18/5); // target radial velocity in kmph
+Vr_nmph = Vr_kmph/1.85; // target radial velocity in Nautical miles per hour
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Target Range = %3.2f Km\n Radial velocity = %3.1f Nmi/hr',R/1000,Vr_nmph);
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7cf37dc6a --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 3
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+Vr = 150
+c = 3*10^8
+df1= 10^6;
+// Given data
+// fd = (2*Vr)/lamda = (2*Vr*f)/c
+// for 'Vr' and 'c' as constant(for a given radial velocity,Vr is constant)
+// fd = K.f where 'f' is the operating frequency and K = (2*Vr)/c
+// Therefore df = ± 1 Mhz around the center frequency
+k = (2*Vr)/c
+df_d = df1*k
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Doppler shift due to carrier frequency sweep = ±%d Hz',df_d);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2aac74e0c --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 4
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+
+// Given data
+f = 10*10^9; // operating frequency in Hz
+f_us = 100*10^3; // upsweep freq
+f_ds = 100*10^3; // downsweep freq
+Tus = 5*10^-3; // up-sweep period
+Tds = 5*10^-3; // down-sweep period
+T = 10*10^-3
+B = 10*10^6; // sweep bandwidth
+c = 3*10^8; // vel of EM waves in m/s
+f_us_b = 80*10^3; // upsweep freq in fig b
+f_ds_b = 50*10^3; // downsweep freq in fig b
+f_us_c = 50*10^3; // upsweep freq in fig b
+f_ds_c = 80*10^3; // downsweep freq in fig b
+
+// Calculations
+// a
+fd = (f_us - f_ds)/2; // doppler shift
+df = (f_us + f_ds)/2; // freq diff
+Vr_a = (c*fd)/(2*f); // radial velocity
+R = (c*Tus*df)/(2*B); // Range
+if Vr_a == 0 then
+ mprintf('Case a:\n Radial velocity = %d \n Range = %3.3f Km\n',Vr_a,R/1000);
+end
+// b
+fd = (f_us_b - f_ds_b)/2; // doppler shift
+df_b = (f_us_b + f_ds_b)/2; // freq difference due to range
+R_b = (c*T*df_b)/(2*B); // Range
+Vr_b = (c*fd)/(2*f); // radial velocity
+mprintf(' Case b:\n Radial velocity = %3.2fm/s \n Range = %3.3f Km\n',Vr_b,R_b/1000');
+mprintf(' As the up-sweep frequency difference is less than downspeed freq diff, this implies that doppler shift is\n contributing towards an increase in the echo signal freq. so, target is moving towards radar\n')
+// c
+fd = (f_us_c - f_ds_c)/2; // doppler shift
+df_c = (f_us_c + f_ds_c)/2; // freq difference due to range
+R_c = (c*T*df_c)/(2*B); // Range
+Vr_c = (c*fd)/(2*f); // radial velocity
+mprintf(' Case c:\n Radial velocity = %3.2f m/s \n Range = %3.3f Km\n',abs(Vr_c),R_c/1000');
+mprintf(' As the up-sweep frequency difference is greater than downspeed freq diff, this implies that doppler shift is\n contributing towards an decrease in the echo signal freq. so, target is moving away from radar')
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c48e53e3b --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 5
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+
+// Given data
+f = 10*10^9; // operating freq in Hz
+PRF = 1000; // pulse rep. rate
+Vr = 1000; // radial velocity
+c = 3*10^8; // vel. of EM waves in m/s
+
+// Calculations
+fd = (2*Vr*f)/c // true doppler shift
+fA1 = modulo( modulo(fd,PRF)-PRF,PRF)
+fA2 = modulo( modulo(fd,PRF)+PRF,PRF)
+if fA1 < fA2 then
+ fd = fA1; // apparent doppler shift
+else
+ fd = fA2; // apparent doppler shift
+end
+Vr = (c*fd)/(2*f); // radial velocity in m/s
+
+//output
+mprintf('Radial velocity = %3.2f m/s\n The radar measures the target to be moving away from the radial velocity at %3.2f m/s though in reality\n it is moving towards the radar with a velocity of 1000 m/s',Vr,abs(Vr));
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH10/EX10.9/Ex10_9.sce b/2219/CH10/EX10.9/Ex10_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b1edda821 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH10/EX10.9/Ex10_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +// Chapter 10 example 9
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given data
+lamda = 3*10^-2; // Operating Wavelength in m
+PRF = 2000; // pulse rep. freq in Hz
+n = 1; // for lowest blind speed
+
+// Calculations
+LBS = (n*lamda*PRF)/2; // lowest blind speed
+Vb_kmph = LBS*(18/5) // lowest blind speed in kmph
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Lowest Blind speed = %d Kmph',Vb_kmph)
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..449c1abb4 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 1
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+
+// Given data
+h = 150; // height of satellite from earth in km
+G = 6.67*10^-11; // Gravitational constant
+M = 5.98*10^24; // mass of the earth in kg
+Re = 6370; // radius of earth in km
+
+// Calculations
+u = G*M
+V = sqrt(u/((Re + h)*10^3)) // orbital velocity
+V1 = V/1000; // orbital velocity in km/s
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Orbital velocity = %3.3f km/s',V1);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..88bf5b71d --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 10
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+e = 0.5; // orbit eccentricity
+ae = 14000; // from fig. the distance from center of ellipse to the centre of earth
+
+// Calculations
+a = ae/e; // semi major axis
+apogee = a*(1 + e); // Apogee in km
+perige = a*(1 - e); // perigee in km
+
+// output
+mprintf('Apogee = %d km\n Perigee = %d km',apogee,perige);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..63085593e --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 11
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+G = 6.67*10^-11; // Gravitational constant
+M = 5.98*10^24; // mass of the earth in kg
+Re = 6370*10^3; // radius of earth in m
+
+// Calculations
+u = G*M
+Vesc = sqrt(2*u/Re);
+Ves = Vesc/1000; // escape velocity in km/s
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Escape velocity = %3.1f km/s',Ves);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.12/Ex11_12.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.12/Ex11_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..914843985 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.12/Ex11_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 12
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+a = 25000*10^3; // semimajor axis in m from fig
+G = 6.67*10^-11; // Gravitational constant
+M = 5.98*10^24; // mass of the earth in kg
+h = 0
+
+// Calculations
+u = G*M;
+T = 2*%pi*sqrt((a^3)/u)
+hr = T/3600 // conv. from sec to hrs and min
+t = modulo(T,3600) // conv. from sec to hrs and min
+mi = t/60 // conv. from sec to hrs and min
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Orbital time period = %d Hours %d minutes',hr,mi)
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.13/Ex11_13.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.13/Ex11_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0082a8e6c --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.13/Ex11_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 13
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+apogee = 35000; // farthest point in kms
+perigee = 500; // closest point in kms
+r = 6360; // radius of earth in kms
+G = 6.67*10^-11 // gravitational constant
+M = 5.98*10^24; // mass of earth in kgs
+// calculations
+//funcprot(0)
+apogee_dist = apogee + r // apogee distance in kms
+perigee_dist= perigee+r ; // perigee distance in kms
+a = (apogee_dist + perigee_dist)/2; // semi-major axis of elliptical orbit
+T = (2*%pi)*sqrt((a*10^3)^3/(G*M)); // orbital time period
+hr = T/3600 // conv. from sec to hrs and min
+t = modulo(T,3600) // conv. from sec to hrs and min
+mi = t/60 // conv. from sec to hrs and min
+u = G*M
+Vapogee = sqrt(u*((2/(apogee_dist*10^3)) - (1/(a*10^3)))); // velocity at apogee point
+Vperigee = sqrt((G*M)*((2/(perigee_dist*10^3)-(1/(a*10^3))))) // velocity at perigee point
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Orbital Time Period = %d Hrs %d min \n Velocity at apogee = %3.3f Km/s\n Velocity at perigee = %3.3f Km/s',hr,mi,Vapogee/1000,Vperigee/1000)
+mprintf('\n Note: Calculation mistake in textbook in finding velocity at apogee point')
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.14/Ex11_14.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.14/Ex11_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..11e76cbaa --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.14/Ex11_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 14
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+ra_S_rp = 50000; // sum of apogee and perigee distance
+ra_D_rp = 30000; // difference of apogee and perigee distances
+
+// Calculations
+e = ra_D_rp/ra_S_rp; // eccentricity
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Target eccentricity = %3.1f',e);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.15/Ex11_15.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.15/Ex11_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..90ee015f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.15/Ex11_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 15
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+a = 20000; // semi major axis of elliptical sate. orbit in kms
+b = 16000; // semi minor axis of elliptical sate. orbit in kms
+
+// calculations
+// a = (ra + rp)/2
+// b = sqrt(ra*rp)
+// let k = (ra + rp)
+// let l = ra*rp
+k = 2*a; // ra+ rp ----------------1
+l = b^2; // ra*rp -----------------2
+// ra^2 -40000ra + 256000000
+p = [ 1 -k l]
+x = roots(p)
+r1 = x(1)
+r2 = x(2)
+rp = k - r1;
+mprintf('Apogee distance = %d km\n Perigee distance = %d km',r1,rp);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.16/Ex11_16.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.16/Ex11_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4d20a1c8b --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.16/Ex11_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 16
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+H = 35800; // height of orbit in kms
+re = 6364; // radius of earth in kms
+i = 2; // angle of inclination in degrees
+
+// Calculations
+r = H+re; // radius of orbit in kms
+lamdamax = i; // max latitude deviation
+long_dev = (i^2)/228; // max. longitude deviation
+disp_lamda = (r*i*%pi/180)// max disp in km due to lamdamax
+max_disp1 = disp_lamda*(long_dev/lamdamax) // max disp.due to max.longitude deviation
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Maximum deviation in latitude = %d°\n Maximum deviation in longitude = %3.4f°\n Maximum displacements due to latitude displacement = %d Km\n Maximum displacements due to longitude displacement = %3.1f Km\n',lamdamax,long_dev,disp_lamda,max_disp1 );
+
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.17/Ex11_17.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.17/Ex11_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9c65af80f --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.17/Ex11_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 17
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+r = 42164; // orbital radius in kms
+Dlamda_max = 500; // max displacement due to latitude deviation
+
+// Calculations
+i = Dlamda_max/r; // angle of inclination in radians
+i_deg = i*180/%pi // rad to deg conv
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Angle of inclination = %3.2f°',i_deg);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.18/Ex11_18.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.18/Ex11_18.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4f481ddff --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.18/Ex11_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 18
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+H = 35786; // ht of orbit from earth surface
+Re = 6378 // radius of earth in kms
+
+// Calculations
+// For theoretical max coverage angle,elevation angle E = 0
+E = 0
+// max coverage angle = 2amax
+// 2amax = 2asin(Re/(Re+H)cosE)
+amax = 2*asin((Re/(Re+H))*cos(E))
+amax_deg = amax*180/%pi // rad to deg conversion
+D = sqrt( Re^2 + (Re+H)^2 - 2*Re*(Re + H)*asin(E + asin((Re/(Re+H))*cos(E)))) // Max slant range
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Maximum Coverage angle = %3.1f°\n Maximum slant Range = %d Km',amax_deg,D);
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2ec1c21e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 2
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+
+// Given data
+Ap_Pe_diff = 30000; // difference between apogee and perigee in Km
+a = 16000; // semi major axis of orbit
+
+// Calculations
+e = Ap_Pe_diff/(2*a); // Eccentricity
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Eccentricity = %3.2f',e);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..18f8249ec --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 3
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+
+// Given data
+a1 = 18000; // semi major axis of the elliptical orbits of satellite 1
+a2 = 24000; // semi major axis of the elliptical orbits of satellite 2
+
+// Calculations
+// T = 2*%pi*sqrt(a^3/u);
+//let K = T2/T1;
+K = (a2/a1)^(3/2); // Ratio of orbital periods
+
+// Output
+mprintf('The orbital period of satellite-2 is %3.2f times the orbital period of satellite-1',K);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c2f6dcf4c --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 4
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+
+// Given data
+h = 35800; // height of satellite orbit from earth in km
+G = 6.67*10^-11; // Gravitational constant
+M = 5.98*10^24; // mass of the earth in kg
+Re = 6364; // radius of earth in km
+i = 2; // inclination angle
+
+// Calculations
+u = G*M
+r = Re+h
+Vi = sqrt(u/r*10^3)*tan(i*%pi/180); // magnitude of velocity impulse
+V = Vi/1000; // magnitude of velocity impulse in m/s
+// Output
+mprintf('Magnitude of velocity impulse = %d m/s',V);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d99a4bfbc --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 5
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+h = 13622; // ht of circular orbit from earth's surface
+Re = 6378; // Radius of earth in km
+
+// Calculations
+R = Re+h; // Radius of circular orbit
+pimax = 180 - (2*acos(Re/R))*(180/%pi); // Maximum shadow angle
+eclipmax_time = (pimax/360)*24; // maximum daily eclipse duration
+
+// output
+mprintf('maximum shadow angle = %3.1f°\n Maximum daily eclipse duration = %3.2f hours',pimax,eclipmax_time);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e957b9b3e --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Chapter 11 example 6
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+h = 35786; // ht of geo.stationary orbit above earth surface
+T = 365; // time in days
+r = 6378 // radius of earth in km
+
+// ie(t) = 23.4*sin(2*%pi*t/T)
+// for a circular orbit of 20000 km radius ,phi = 37.4° ,Therefore, the time from first day of eclipse to equinox is given by substituting ie(t) = 37.4/2 = 18.7°
+phi = 37.4
+ie = (phi/2)*(%pi/180)
+k = 23.4*(%pi/180)
+t = (365/(2*%pi))*asin((ie/k))
+// for geostationary orbit
+phimax = 180 - 2*(acos(r/(r+h)))*(180/%pi)
+t_geo = (365/(2*%pi))*asin((8.7*%pi/180)/k)
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Total time from first day of eclipse to last day of eclipse = %3.1f days\n Total time from first day of eclipse to last day of eclipse for geostationary orbit = %3.2f days',t,t_geo)
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..57c1418f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 7
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+m = 100; // mass of satellite
+V = 8000; // orbital velocity in m/s
+Re = 6370; // radius of earth in Km
+H = 200; // satellite height above earth surface
+
+// Calculations
+CF = (m*V^2)/((Re+H)*10^3); //centrifugal force
+
+// output
+mprintf('Centrifugal Force = %d Newtons',CF);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..24bfab029 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 8
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+Apogee = 30000; // Apogee pt of satellite elliptical orbit
+Perige = 1000; // perigee pt of satellite elliptical orbit
+
+// Calculations
+a = (Apogee + Perige)/2; // semi major axis
+
+// output
+mprintf('Semi-major axis = %d Km',a);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.sce b/2219/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2d708715b --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +// Chapter 11 example 9
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+farth = 30000; // farthest point in satellite elliptic eccentric orbit
+closest = 200; // closest point in satellite elliptic eccentric orbit
+Re = 6370; // Radius of earth in km
+
+// Calculations
+Apogee = farth + Re; // Apogee in km
+Perigee = closest + Re; // perigee in km
+a = (Apogee + Perigee)/(2); // semi-major axis
+e = (Apogee - Perigee)/(2*a); // orbit eccentricity
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Apogee = %d km\n Perigee = %d km\n orbit eccentricity = %3.3f',Apogee,Perigee,e);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.sce b/2219/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d9d1b03b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Chapter 13 example 1
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+f = 6; // microwave terrestrial comm link oper. freq in Ghz
+D = 50; // single hop path length in miles
+// mid way of path length
+D1 = 25;
+D2 = 25;
+N = 3; // N value for third fresnal zone
+
+// calculations
+F1 = 72.2*((D1*D2)/(D*f))^0.5; // first fresnel zone
+F3 = F1*sqrt(N); // Third fresnal zone
+
+// Output
+mprintf('First Fresnel zone distance = %3.1f feet\n Third Fresnel zone distance = %3.1f feet\n',F1,F3);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH13/EX13.10/Ex13_10.sce b/2219/CH13/EX13.10/Ex13_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2d01d3f08 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH13/EX13.10/Ex13_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 13 example 10
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+DFM = 40; // dispersive fade margin
+FFM = 30; // flat fade margin
+
+// Calculations
+CFM = -10*log10(10^(-FFM/10) + 10^(-DFM/10));
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Composite Fade Margin = %3.2f dB\n',CFM);
+mprintf(' minus sign is wrongly printed in Textbook');
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH13/EX13.11/Ex13_11.sce b/2219/CH13/EX13.11/Ex13_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b543407a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH13/EX13.11/Ex13_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Chapter 13 example 11
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+DFM1 = 50; // dispersive fade margin
+FFM = 30; // flat fade margin
+DFM2 = 40; // dispersive fade margin
+
+// Calculations
+CFM1 = -10*log10(10^(-FFM/10) + 10^(-DFM1/10));
+CFM2 = -10*log10(10^(-FFM/10) + 10^(-DFM2/10));
+d_CFM = CFM1 -CFM2;
+
+// Output
+mprintf('CFM increases by %3.2f dB for a 10 dB increase in DFM',d_CFM);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH13/EX13.12/Ex13_12.sce b/2219/CH13/EX13.12/Ex13_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fb55616ae --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH13/EX13.12/Ex13_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Chapter 13 example 12
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+f = 23; // operating freq. of microwave link in Ghz
+D = 10; // single hop path length in miles
+a = 1; // topographic factor
+b = 0.5; // climatic factor
+DFM = 40; // dispersive fade margin
+FFM = 30; // flat fade margin
+
+// Calculations
+CFM = -10*log10(10^(-FFM/10) + 10^(-DFM/10)); // composite fade margin
+U = a*b*2.5*10^-6 *f*D^3 *10^(-CFM/10); // unavailability factor
+U1 = U*525600; // outrage time in min per year
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Outrage time = %3.2f minutes per year',U1);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH13/EX13.13/Ex13_13.sce b/2219/CH13/EX13.13/Ex13_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f5a8f99b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH13/EX13.13/Ex13_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 13 example 13
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+MTBF2 = 20000; // microwave Tx output MTBF figure
+MTBF3 = 60000; // power amplifier portion of MTBF
+
+// Calculations
+MTBF1 = (MTBF2*MTBF3)/(MTBF3-MTBF2);
+impr = MTBF1-MTBF2 // improvement in MTBF if power amplifier not used
+
+// output
+mprintf('Improvement in MTBF of transmitter if power amplifier is not used = %d hours',impr);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce b/2219/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4b3a7217f --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Chapter 13 example 2
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+f = 4.5; // microwave terrestrial comm link oper. freq in Ghz
+D = 40; // single hop path length in miles
+hant = 200; // antenna ht. above surface of earth
+// from fig
+D1 = 5;
+D2 = 35;
+K = 1; // for normal case
+
+// calculations
+F1 = 72.2*((D1*D2)/(D*f))^0.5; // first fresnel zone
+// computing curvature 'h' of earth at a distance of 10 miles from Transmitter if given by (D1*D2)/(1.5*K)
+h = (D1*D2)/(1.5*K); // curvature of earth in feet
+PLabove = hant - h; // path line is PLabove feet above surface of earth
+hmaxtol = PLabove - F1; // max tolerable height in feet
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Maximum tolerable height of obstacle above surface of earth = %3.1f feet',hmaxtol);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce b/2219/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a19ae197b --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Chapter 13 example 3
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+f = 4.5; // microwave terrestrial comm link oper. freq in Ghz
+D = 40; // single hop path length in miles
+hant = 200; // antenna ht. above surface of earth
+// from fig
+D1 = 5;
+D2 = 35;
+K = 2/3; // K-factor
+
+// calculations
+F1 = 72.2*((D1*D2)/(D*f))^0.5; // first fresnel zone
+// computing curvature 'h' of earth at a distance of 10 miles from Transmitter if given by (D1*D2)/(1.5*K)
+h = (D1*D2)/(1.5*K); // curvature of earth in feet
+PLabove = hant - h; // path line is PLabove feet above surface of earth
+if PLabove < F1 then
+ mprintf('Available clearance above the surface of earth = %d feet\n Required first fresnal zone clearance = %3.1f feet,So it would be obstructed',PLabove,F1 )
+end
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.sce b/2219/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b03ad5193 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Chapter 13 example 4
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+UF = 2*10^-4; // unavailability factor
+
+// Calculations
+outrage_t = UF*8760; // outrage time in hours per year
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Outrage time = %3.3f hours per year',outrage_t);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH13/EX13.5/Ex13_5.sce b/2219/CH13/EX13.5/Ex13_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..444f04deb --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH13/EX13.5/Ex13_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 13 example 5
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+PL = 50; // path length in miles from fig
+FM = 40; // fade margin in dB
+P_fm_ex = 7*10^-5; // prob. of fade margin getting exceeding
+P_fm_ex_50db = 6*10^-6; // prob. of fade margin getting exceeding for fade margin 50dB
+p_fig_30m_40db = 2*10^-5; // prob fig for patl length of 30miles and fade margin 40dB
+
+// Calculations
+impr_prob_a = P_fm_ex/P_fm_ex_50db; // improvement in prob. of fade margin for a
+impr_prob_b = P_fm_ex/p_fig_30m_40db // improvement in prob. of fade margin for b
+
+// Output
+mprintf('(a):\n Improvement in probability of fade margin = %3.1f\n (b):\n Improvement in probability of fade margin = %3.1f\n',impr_prob_a,impr_prob_b);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH13/EX13.6/Ex13_6.sce b/2219/CH13/EX13.6/Ex13_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8c90acc2c --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH13/EX13.6/Ex13_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Chapter 13 example 6
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+UF_sh = 0.01; // unavail. factor for single hop
+IF_SD = 100; // improvement factor due to space diversity
+
+// Calculations
+UF_4hl = 4* UF_sh/100; // unavail. factor for 4 hop link and conv from %
+UF = UF_sh/(100*IF_SD);// unavail. factor for single hop link if it employs space diversity
+
+// Output
+mprintf('unavail. factor for 4 hop link = %3.4f\n unavail. factor for single hop link if it employs space diversity = %3.0e',UF_4hl,UF);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH13/EX13.7/Ex13_7.sce b/2219/CH13/EX13.7/Ex13_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a6ef1fc2b --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH13/EX13.7/Ex13_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Chapter 13 example 7
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+f = 3.5; // operating freq. of microwave link in Ghz
+D = 30; // single hop path length in miles
+a = 1; // roughness
+b = 0.5; // humid climate
+F = 40; // fade margin in dB
+
+// Calculations
+U = a*b*2.5*10^-6 *f*D^3 *10^(-F/10); // unavailability factor
+U1 = U*525600; // unavailabilty factor in minutes per year
+U4 = U1*4; // unavailabilty factor for 4-hop link
+// Output
+mprintf('Outage Time = %3.1f minutes per year',U4);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH13/EX13.8/Ex13_8.sce b/2219/CH13/EX13.8/Ex13_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b8828a178 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH13/EX13.8/Ex13_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Chapter 13 example 8
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+// D2 = 2*D1 // path length is doubled
+// F2 = F1+10; // fade margin is increased by 10dB
+// f2 = 1.25f1 // frequency operation increased by 25 %
+
+//(U1/U2) = (f1* D1^3 * 10^(-F1/10))/ (f1* D1^3 * 10^(-F1/10))
+// sub above values
+//(U1/U2) = (f1* D1^3 * 10^(-F1/10)) / (1.25*f1*8*D1^3*10^(-F1/10)*10^-1) = 1
+mprintf('Unavailability Factor remains unaltered');
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH13/EX13.9/Ex13_9.sce b/2219/CH13/EX13.9/Ex13_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a41437a1f --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH13/EX13.9/Ex13_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +//Chapter 13 example 9
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+mprintf('The improvement factor is proportional to square of antenna spacing.Therefore,it will increase by a factor of 4\n Consequently,the unavailability factor and hence the outrage time will also reduce by a factor of 4');
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce b/2219/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3a3f67084 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// chapter 2 example 1
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// µr1 = 3; // relative permeability of region 1
+// µr2 = 5; // relative permeability of region 2
+// H1 = (4ax + 3ay -6az)A/m; Magnetic field intensity
+// Therefore B1 = µoµr1H1
+// = µo(12ax + 9ay -18az)A/m
+// since normal component of (B) is continuous across the interface
+// Therefore, B2 = µo[12ax + 9(µr2/µr1)ay -18(µr2/µr1)az]
+// = µo[12ax + 15ay - 30az]
+// H2 = [12/5ax + 15/5ay - 30/5az]A/m
+// H2 = (2.4ax + 3ay - 6az)
+H2 = sqrt(2.4^2 + 3^2 + 6^2);
+
+// output
+mprintf('Magnetic field intensity in region- 2 = %3.2f A/m',H2);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH2/EX2.10/Ex2_10.sce b/2219/CH2/EX2.10/Ex2_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4f9191813 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH2/EX2.10/Ex2_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// chapter 2 example 10
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+// D = 3*10^-7 sin(6*10^7 - 0.35x)az
+er = 100; // relative permitivity
+
+// Calculations
+// ∂D/∂t = 3*10^-7 * 6*10^7* cos(6*10^7 - 0.35x)az
+A = 3*10^-7 * 6*10^7
+
+// output
+mprintf('Amplitude of displacement current density = %d A/m^2',A);
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH2/EX2.12/Ex2_12.sce b/2219/CH2/EX2.12/Ex2_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..82b5db14b --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH2/EX2.12/Ex2_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +// chapter 2 example 12
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+// E = 40π e^j(10^9t + βz)ax
+// H = Hm e^j(10^9t + βz)ay
+// w/β = 1/sqrt(e*uo) = 3*10^8
+w = 10^9; // from given expression
+b = w/3*10^8
+Em = 40*%pi // from given expression
+// E/H = 120; // for free space
+
+Hm = Em/(120*%pi);
+//V * E = -∂B/∂t
+// =| ax ay az|
+// V*E =| ∂/∂x ∂/∂y ∂/∂t|
+// =|40π e^j(10^9t + βz) 0 0 |
+// V*E = jβ40π e^j(10^9t + βz) ay ----- 1
+// -∂B/∂t = uo*∂H/∂t = -j*10^9 *uo*Hm e^j(10^9t + βz)ay ----- 2
+// Comparing 1 and 2 shoes that Hm must be negative Hence Hm = -1/3 A/m
+mprintf('Hm = - %3.2f A/m',Hm);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH2/EX2.13/Ex2_13.sce b/2219/CH2/EX2.13/Ex2_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8eee883b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH2/EX2.13/Ex2_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +// chapter 2 example 13
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+// E = 20π e^j(wt - βz)ax
+// H = Hm e^j(wt + βz)ay
+lamda = 1.8; // wavelength in m
+c = 3*10^8; // vel. in m/s
+er = 49; // relative permitivity
+ur = 1; // relative permeability
+Em = 20*%pi // from the given expression
+// Calculations
+v = c/sqrt(er); // velocity of propagation of wave in medium with er rel.permitivity
+w = (2*%pi*v)/lamda;
+// let k = E/H
+k = (120*%pi)*sqrt(ur/er);
+Hm = Em/k
+// sign of Hm can be determined by evaluating the maxwells eqn
+// V*E = ∂B/∂x
+// V*E = -j20π e^j(wt - βz)ay ---------------- 1
+// -∂B/∂x = -juow Hm e^j(wt + βz)ay ---------------- 2
+// comparing 1 and 2 singn of Hm must be positive
+mprintf('w = %3.1e rad/s\n Hm = %3.2f A/m',w,Hm);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH2/EX2.14/Ex2_14.sce b/2219/CH2/EX2.14/Ex2_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6f9e3d64d --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH2/EX2.14/Ex2_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +// chapter 2 example 14
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+f = 1000; // frequency in Hz
+sigma = 5*10^7; // conductivity in mho/m
+er = 1; // relative permitivity
+eo = 8.85*10^-12; // permitivity
+//J = 10^8sin(wt-444z)ax A/m^2
+
+// Calculations
+w = 2*%pi*f
+// J = σE
+// E = 10^8sin(wt-444z)ax/sigma
+// E = 0.2sin(6280t-444z)ax
+// D = eoerE
+// D = 8.85*10^-12*0.2sin(6280t-444z)ax
+// ∂D/∂t = 1.77*10^-12*6280cos(6280t - 444z)ax
+A = 1.77*10^-12*6280
+mprintf('Amplitude of displacement current density = %3.2e A/m^2',A);
+mprintf('\n Note: calculation mistake in textbook');
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce b/2219/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c57b31106 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +// chapter 2 example 2
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// ur1 = 3
+// ur2 = 5
+// B1 = 2ax + ay
+// choosing the unit normal an = (ay + az)/√2
+// |Bn1| = ((2ax + ay)*(ay + az))/√2 = 1/√2
+//Therefore Bn1 = 1/√2an = (1/√2)*(ay + az)/√2
+// Also, Bn2 = Bn1 = 0.5ay + 0.5az
+// the tangential component of B1 is given by
+// Bt1 = B1 - Bn1 = (2ax + ay)-(0.5ay + 0.5az)
+// = 2ax + 0.5ay - 0.5az
+// this gives Ht1 = (1/µo)((2/3)ax + (0.5/3)ay - (0.5/3)az)
+// Ht1 = (1/µo)*(0.66ax + 0.16ay -0.16az) = Ht2
+// Bt2 = µoµr2Ht2 = 3.3ax + 0.8ay - 0.8az
+// now B2 = Bn2 + Bt2 = (0.5ay + 0.5az)+(3.3ax + 0.8ay - 0.8az)
+// = (3.3ax +1.3ay - 0.3az)
+// H2 = (1/µo)*((3.3/5)ax + (1.3/5)ay - (0.3/5)az)
+// H2 = (1/µo)*(0.66ax +0.26ay - 0.06az)
+mprintf('B2 = (3.3ax +1.3ay - 0.3az)\n H2 = (1/µo)*(0.66ax +0.26ay - 0.06az)' );
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce b/2219/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fbd14d05f --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// chapter 2 example 7
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+
+// | ax ay az |
+// v*H = | ∂/∂x ∂/∂y ∂/∂z |
+// | 0 10^6 *cos(377t + 1.2566*10^-6z) 0|
+// = ∂/∂z(10^6 *cos(377t + 1.2566*10^-6z))ax
+// = -1.2566*10^-6 *10^6sin(377t +1.2566*10^-6 z)
+// = -1.2566sin(377t + 1.2566*10^-6z)ax
+mprintf('Amplitude of displacement current density = 1.2566 A/m^2');
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce b/2219/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2f30c11b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// chapter 2 example 8
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+
+// | ax ay az |
+// v*E = | ∂/∂x ∂/∂y ∂/∂z |
+// | 0 0 80*cos(6.277*10^8t - 2.092y) |
+// Electric flux density D = εoE
+// = 8.85*10^-12 *80cos(6.277*10^8t - 2.092y)ax
+// = 708*10^-12 *cos(6.277*10^8 t -2.092y)ax
+// Displacement current density = ∂D/∂t
+// ∂D/∂t = -708*10^-12*6.277*10^8*sin(6.277*10^8t - 2.092y)ax
+// = -0.444sin(6.277*10^8t - 2.092y)ax
+mprintf('Amplitude of displacement current density = 0.0444 A/m^2');
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce b/2219/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1451f0153 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +// chapter 2 example 9
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+
+// A = (10^-3 y cos(3*10^8 t)cosz)az
+// V = 3*10^5 y sin(3*10^8 t)sinz volts
+uo = 4*%pi*10^-7
+ur = 1;
+er = 1;
+
+// | ax ay az |
+// v*A = | ∂/∂x ∂/∂y ∂/∂z |
+// | 0 0 (10^-3 y cos(3*10^8 t)cosz)|
+// = ∂/∂y(10^-3 y cos(3*10^8 t)cosz)ax
+// = 10^-3 ax cos(3*10^8t)cosz
+// H = B/(µoµr)
+// H = (10^-3 ax cos(3*10^8t)cosz)/( 4*%pi*10^-7)
+// H = 796axcos(3*10^8 t)cosz
+// Electric intensity can be computed from
+// E = - V V - ∂A/∂t
+// Now V V = ∂V/∂x ax + ∂V/∂y ay + ∂V/∂z az
+// = 3*10^5 sin 3*10^8 t sinz + 3*10^5 y sin3*10^8 t cosz
+// ∂A/∂t = -10^-3 * 3*10^8 y sin 3*10^8t cosz
+// E = 3*10^5 sin 3*10^8 t sinz + 3*10^5 y sin3*10^8 t cosz + 3*10^5 y sin 3*10^8t cosz
+// E = -3*10^5 sin 3*10^8tsinz
+mprintf('magnetic field intensity = 796axcos(3*10^8 t)cosz\n Electric field intensity = -3*10^5 sin 3*10^8tsinz')
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.10/Ex3_10.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.10/Ex3_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a703fec9a --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.10/Ex3_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 10
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+C = 30; // per unit capacitance in pF/m
+Vp = 260; // velocity of propagation in m/us
+f = 500*10^6 // freq in Hz
+Zl = 50; // terminating load impedance in ohm
+
+// calculations
+v = Vp/10^-6 // conversion from m/us to m/s
+C1 = C*10^-12 // conversion from pF/m to F/m
+// 1/sqrt(LC) = Vp
+L = 1/(v^2 * C1); // per unit inductance
+Zo = sqrt(L/C1); // charecteristic impedance in ohm
+lamda = v/f // wavelength
+b = (2*%pi)/lamda // phase shift constant
+p = (Zl - Zo)/(Zl + Zo); // Reflection coefficient
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Per Unit inductance = %d nH/m\n Charecteristic Impedance = %d ohm\n Phase shift Constant = %d rad/m\n Reflection co-efficient = %3.3f',L*10^9,Zo,b,abs(p));
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.11/Ex3_11.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.11/Ex3_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5039865e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.11/Ex3_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 11
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+a = 1.5*10^-2; // width of waveguide
+b = 1*10^-2 // narrow dimension of waveguide
+er = 4; // dielectric constant
+f = 8*10^9; // frequency in Hz
+c = 3*10^8 // velocity in m/s
+
+// calculations
+lamda_c = 2*a; // cut-off wavelength for TE10 mode
+lamda = c/f // wavelength corresponding to given freq.
+lamda_d = lamda/sqrt(er); // wavelength when waveguide filled with dielectric
+if lamda_d < lamda_c then
+ mprintf('8 Ghz frequency will pass through the guide');
+end
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.12/Ex3_12.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.12/Ex3_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8f180b101 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.12/Ex3_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 12
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+a = 4*10^-2; // width of waveguide
+b = 2*10^-2 // narrow dimension of waveguide
+er = 4; // dielectric constant
+c = 3*10^8 // velocity in m/s
+
+// Calculations
+lamda_c = 2*a; // max cut-off wavelength
+fcmin = c/lamda_c // min freq
+lamda_d = lamda_c/sqrt(er); // wavelength if we insert dielectric
+fc = c/lamda_d // min frequency in presence of dielectric
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Minimum Frequency that can be passed with dielectric in waveguide is %3.1f Ghz',fc/10^9);
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.13/Ex3_13.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.13/Ex3_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..53e00a22d --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.13/Ex3_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 13
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+f = 1*10^9; // frequency in Hz
+a = 5*10^-2; // wall separation
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity of EM wave in m/s
+m = 1; // for TE10
+n = 0; // for TE10
+
+// Calculations
+// lamda0 = 2/sqrt((m/a)^2 + (n/b)^2)
+lamda0 = (2*a)/m
+lamda_frspc = c/f;
+if lamda_frspc > lamda0 then
+ mprintf('1 Ghz signal cannot propagate in TE10 mode')
+else
+ mprintf('1 Ghz signal can propagate in TE10 mode');
+end
+
+
+
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.14/Ex3_14.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.14/Ex3_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6a0a86ccf --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.14/Ex3_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 14
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+a = 30; // width of waveguide
+b = 20; // narrow dimension of waveguide
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity of EM wave in m/s
+m = 1; // for TE10
+n = 0; // for TE10
+
+// Calculations
+// lamda0 = 2/sqrt((m/a)^2 + (n/b)^2)
+lamda0 = (2*a)/m; // longest cut-off wavelength in dominant mode TE10
+
+// Output
+mprintf('longest cut-off wavelength = %d mm',lamda0 );
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.15/Ex3_15.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.15/Ex3_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e85a3808f --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.15/Ex3_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 15
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+a = 4*10^-2; // width of waveguide
+b = 2*10^-2; // narrow dimension of waveguide
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity of EM wave in m/s
+m1 = 1; // for TE10
+m2 = 2; // for TE20
+n = 0; // for TE10
+// Calculations
+lamda_c = 2*a // cutoff wavelength for TE10 mode
+f1 = c/lamda_c // frequency in Hz
+// the frequency range for single mode operation is the range of frequencies corresponding to the dominant mode and the second highest cutoff wavelength
+lamda_c_2 = 2/sqrt((m2/a)^2 + (n/b)^2)
+f2 = c/lamda_c_2; // freq at second largest cutoff wavelength
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Therefore,single mode operating range = %3.2f Ghz to %3.1f Ghz\n',f1/10^9,f2/10^9 );
+mprintf(' Note: instead of 3.75,3.5 is printed in textbook');
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.16/Ex3_16.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.16/Ex3_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6e2aa3e0a --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.16/Ex3_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 16
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+a = 7.2 ; // width of waveguide in cm
+b = 3.4; // narrow dimension of waveguide in cm
+c = 3*10^10; // free space velocity of EM wave in cm/s
+f = 2.4*10^9; // frequency in Hz
+
+// Calculation
+lamda = c/f // free space wavelength in cm
+lamda_c = 2*a // cutoff wavelength in cm
+lamda_g = lamda/sqrt(1 - (lamda/lamda_c)^2); // guide wavelength in cm
+vp = (lamda_g * c)/lamda // phase velocity in cm/s
+vg = c^2/vp; // group velocity in cm/s
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Group velocity = %3.1e cm/s\n Phase Velocity = %3.1e cm/s',vg,vp);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.18/Ex3_18.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.18/Ex3_18.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9dbf5beb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.18/Ex3_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 18
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// let 'a' and 'b' be the broad and narrow dimensions of the rectangular guide and 'r' be internal radius of circular guide
+// Dominant mode in rectangular guide =TE10
+// cutoff wavelength = 2a
+// dominant mode in circular guide = TE11
+// cut-off wavelength = 2*pi*r/1.841 = 3.41r
+// for the two cut-off wavelengths to equal
+// 2a = 3.41r
+// a = 1.705r
+// now area of cross section of rectangular guide = a*b
+//assuming a= 2b,which is very reasonable assumption ,we get
+// area of cross section of rectangular waveguide = a*a/2 = ((1.705^2)*r*r)/2 = 1.453r^2
+// area of cross-section of circular guide = pi*r*r = 3.14r^2
+// ratio of two cross sectional areas = (3.14r^2)/(1.453r^2) = 2.16
+mprintf('Circular guide is 2.16 times larger in cross section as compared to rectangular guide');
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.19/Ex3_19.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.19/Ex3_19.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d44c7e1c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.19/Ex3_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 19
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+a = 4*10^-2; // width of waveguide
+b = 2*10^-2; // narrow dimension of waveguide
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity of EM wave in m/s
+f = 5*10^9 // operating frequency in Hz
+m0 = 0; // for TE01
+m1 = 1; // for TE10 / TE11 /TM11
+n0 = 0; // for TE10
+n1 = 1; // for TE11 or TM11
+// Calculations
+lamda = c/f; // operating wavelength
+lamda_TE01 = 2/sqrt((m0/a)^2 + (n1/b)^2) // cutoff wavelength for TE01
+lamda_TE10 = 2/sqrt((m1/a)^2 + (n0/b)^2) // cutoff wavelength for TE10
+lamda_TE11 = 2/sqrt((m1/a)^2 + (n1/b)^2) // cutoff wavelength for TE11 or TM11
+if lamda_TE01 >lamda then
+ mprintf('TE01 propagates in the given guide at the given operating frequency');
+ elseif lamda_TE10 >lamda then
+ mprintf('TE10 propagates in the given guide at the given operating frequency');
+ elseif lamda_TE11 >lamda then
+ mprintf('TE11 propagates in the given guide at the given operating frequency');
+end
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.2/Ex3_2.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.2/Ex3_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a83692056 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.2/Ex3_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 2
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+Lr = 18; // return loss in db
+// Calculations
+// Lr = 20*log(1/p);
+p = 1/10^(Lr/20); // reflection co-efficient
+swr = (1 + p)/(1 - p); // standing wave ratio
+// Output
+mprintf('Reflection co-efficient is %3.3f\n SWR = %3.2f',p,swr);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.20/Ex3_20.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.20/Ex3_20.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ca4c4eb8c --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.20/Ex3_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 20
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+a = 4*10^-2; // width of waveguide
+b = 2*10^-2; // narrow dimension of waveguide
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity of EM wave in m/s
+d = 4*10^-2; // distance b/w field maxima and minima
+// Calculations
+lamda_c = 2*a; // cut-off wavelength in dominant mode
+lamda_g = 4*d; // guide wavelength
+// lamda_g = lamda0/(sqrt(1 - (lamda0/lamda_c)^2))
+lamda0 = sqrt((lamda_c * lamda_g)^2 / (lamda_c^2 + lamda_g^2));
+f0 = c/lamda0; // frequency of the wave
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Frequency of the wave = %3.3f Ghz',f0/10^9);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.21/Ex3_21.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.21/Ex3_21.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2d1d46c53 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.21/Ex3_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 21
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+a = 6; // width of waveguide in cm
+b = 3; // narrow dimension of waveguide in cm
+lamda = 4; // operating wavelength in cm
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity of EM wave in cm/s
+
+// Calculations
+lamda_c = 2*a; // cut-off wavelength in dominant mode
+lamda_g = lamda/(sqrt(1 - (lamda/lamda_c)^2)) // guide wavelength
+Vp = (lamda_g/lamda)*c
+b = (2*%pi)/lamda_g; // phase shift constant
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Guide wavelength = %3.2f cm\n Phase velocity = %3.2e m/s\n Phase shift constant = %3.2f radians/cm',lamda_g,Vp,b)
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.22/Ex3_22.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.22/Ex3_22.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8cc6eaef1 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.22/Ex3_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 22
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+er = 9; // relative permittivity
+c = 3*10^10; // velocity of EM wave in free space
+f = 2*10^9; // operating frequency in Ghz
+a = 7; // width of waveguide in cm
+b = 3.5; // narrow dimension of waveguide in cm
+
+// calculations
+lamda_c = 2*a; // cut-off wavelength in dominant mode
+fc = c/lamda_c // cut-off frequency in Hz
+lamda = c/(sqrt(er)*f); // operating wavelength
+lamda_g = lamda/(sqrt(1 - (lamda/lamda_c)^2)) // guide wavelength
+Vp = (lamda_g/lamda)*c
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Cut-off frequency = %3.3f Ghz\n Phase velocity = %3.2e m/s\n Guide wavelength = %3.2f cm',fc/10^9,Vp/10^2,lamda_g);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.3/Ex3_3.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.3/Ex3_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e0457e7b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.3/Ex3_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 3
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+PW = 30*10^-6; // pulse width in sec
+ips = 20*10^-6; // inter pulse separation
+v = 3*10^8; // propagation speed in m/s
+
+// Calculations
+T = PW+ips+PW+ips+PW // time duration of the pulse train for having 3 pulses on the line at a time
+l = v*T; // minimum length of cable required
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Minimum length of cable required = %d km',l/1000);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ae3151a73 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 4
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+RmsVmax = 100; // max value of RMS vtg
+RmsVmin = 25; // min value of RMS vtg
+Zl = 300; // load impedance in ohm
+
+// Calculations
+VSWR = RmsVmax/RmsVmin;
+// wkt VSWR = Zl/Zo; assuming Zl > Zo
+Zo = Zl/VSWR; // charecteristic impedance in ohm
+p = (Zl - Zo)/(Zl + Zo); // reflection co-efficient
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Reflection Co-efficient = %3.1f\n Charecteristic impedance = %d ohm',p,Zo);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.5/Ex3_5.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.5/Ex3_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e8f8bdabb --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.5/Ex3_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 5
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+Zo = 75; // charecteristic impedance in ohm
+Vref = 100; // reflected voltage
+Pref = 100; // reflected power in watts
+
+// Calculations
+Zl = (Vref)^2 /Pref // load impedance
+p = (Zl - Zo)/(Zl + Zo); // reflection co-efficient
+Pinc = Pref/p // incident power
+Pobs = Pinc - Pref // power obsorbed
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Load Resistance = %d ohm\n Reflection Co-efficient = %3.3f\n incident power = %d watts\n power obsorbed = %d watts',Zl,p,Pinc,Pobs);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.6/Ex3_6.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.6/Ex3_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f2d530100 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.6/Ex3_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 6
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity in m/s
+f = 100*10^6 // operating frequency in hz
+Zin = 100;
+Zl = 25;
+
+// Calculations
+
+lamda = c/f // wavelength in m
+Lreq = lamda/4; // required length in m
+Zo = sqrt(Zin*Zl); // charecteristic impedance in ohm
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Length of line required = %d cm\n Charecteristic impedance = %d ohm',Lreq*10^2,Zo);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.7/Ex3_7.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.7/Ex3_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..48ddc4303 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.7/Ex3_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 7
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// in the first case when the line is lamda/2 long, the i/p impedance is same as the load resistance
+Zl = 300; // load resistance in ohm
+Zo = 75; // charecteristic impedance in ohm
+
+// calculations
+//Zi = Zo*((Zl + iZotanβl)/(Zo + iZltanβl))
+// = Zo*(((Zl/tanβl) + iZo))/((Zl/tanβl) + iZo)))
+// for l = lamda/2 βl = (2* π/lamda)*(lamda/2) = π
+// therefore tanβl = 0 which gives Zi = Zl
+// in the second case when the operating frequency is halved, the wavelength is douβled which means the same line is now lamda/4 long
+// for l = lamda/4 ,βl = (2* π/lamda)*(lamda/4) = π/2
+// therefore tanβl = ∞
+Zi = (Zo^2)/Zl; // input impedance
+
+mprintf('Input impedance = %3.2f ohm',Zi);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.8/Ex3_8.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.8/Ex3_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bf91cf69e --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.8/Ex3_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 8
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+f = 100*10^6; // operating frequency in Hz
+v = 2*10^8 ; // propagation velocity in m/s
+Zo = 300; // charecteristic impedance in ohm
+Zin = 300; // input impedance in ohm
+l = 1; // length in m
+V = 100;
+
+// Calculations
+lamda = v/f // wavelength in m
+if lamda/2 ==l then
+ Zl = Zin;
+end
+k = (V*Zin)/(Zin+Zl)
+//Vin = k*cos(2*%pi*f*t)
+// since the line is lamda/2 long ,the signal undergoes a phase delay of βl = (2*π)/lamda *(lamda/2) = π
+// Output
+mprintf('Vin = %dcos(2π*%3.0et)\n Vl = %dcos(2π*%3.0et-π)',k,f,k,f );
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH3/EX3.9/Ex3_9.sce b/2219/CH3/EX3.9/Ex3_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..060e9a93d --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH3/EX3.9/Ex3_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +// Chapter 3 example 9
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+VSWR = 3; // voltage standing wave ratio
+d = 20*10^-2 // separation b/w 2 successive minimas
+er = 2.25; // dielectric constant
+v = 3*10^8; // velocity in m/s
+
+// Calculations
+// VSWR = (1 + p)/(1 - p)
+p = (VSWR -1)/(VSWR + 1); // reflection co-efficient
+lamda = 2*d; // wavelength of tx line
+lamda_fr= lamda*sqrt(er); // free space wavelength
+f = v/lamda_fr; // operating frequency in Hz
+
+// output
+mprintf('Magnitude of Reflection Co-efficient = %3.1f\n Frequency of Operation = %3.0f Mhz',p,f/10^6);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce b/2219/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b30aca0c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// chapter 4 example 1
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+Pi = 10; // Input power in mW
+CF = 20; // coupling factor in dB
+
+// calculations
+// CF(db) = 10log(Pi/Pc)
+Pc = Pi/(10^(CF/10)) // antilog conversion and coupling power
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Coupled Power = %d uW',Pc*10^3);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce b/2219/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6a2c06f95 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +// chapter 4 example 10
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+di = 8; // internal diameter in cms
+a = 4; // internal radius in cms
+fo = 10*10^9; // operating frequency in Ghz
+ha01 = 2.405; // Eigen value of bessel function
+c = 3*10^10 // velocity of EM wave in cm/sec
+// For TM011 mode
+m = 0
+n = 1
+p = 1
+
+// Calcultions
+//f0 = (c/2*pi)*sqrt((ha/a)^2 + (p*pi/d)^2) operating frequency
+d = (p*%pi)/(sqrt((fo*2*%pi/c)^2 - (ha01/a)^2)) //length of resonator
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Length of resonator = %3.3f cm',d);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH4/EX4.11/Ex4_11.sce b/2219/CH4/EX4.11/Ex4_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c4daf6676 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH4/EX4.11/Ex4_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +// chapter 4 example 11
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+di = 6; // internal diameter in cms
+d = 5; // length in cm
+a = 4; // internal radius in cms
+fo = 10*10^9; // operating frequency in Ghz
+ha01 = 2.405; // Eigen value of bessel function
+ha11 = 1.841; // Eigen value of bessel function
+c = 3*10^10 // velocity of EM wave in cm/sec
+// For TM011 mode and TE111 mode
+m0 = 0
+m1 = 1
+n1 = 1
+p1 = 1
+p2 = 2
+
+// Calcultions
+f0 = (c/(2*%pi))*sqrt((ha01/a)^2 + (p2*%pi/d)^2) //resonant frequency for TM012 mode
+f01 = (c/(2*%pi))*sqrt((ha11/a)^2 + (p1*%pi/d)^2) //resonant frequency for TE111 mode
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Resonant frequency for TM012 mode = %3.3f Ghz\n Resonant frequency for TM111 mode = %3.3f Ghz\n',f0/10^9,f01/10^9 );
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce b/2219/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1acd97fc8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// chapter 4 example 2
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+Pi = 10; // Input power in mW
+IL = 0.4; // insertion loss in dB
+// calculations
+// ILdb) = 10log(Pi/Po)
+Po = Pi/(10^(IL/10)) // antilog conversion and coupling power
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Power available at the straight through port output = %3.3f mW',Po);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce b/2219/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bce71ec1f --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +// chapter 4 example 3
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+CF = 20; // Coupling factor in dB
+I = 50; // Isolation in dB
+Pc = 100*10^-6; // coupling power in W
+
+// calculations
+// D = 10log(Pc/Piso)
+D = I - CF; // Directivity in dB
+Piso = Pc/(10^(D/10)) // antilog conversion and coupling power
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Directivity = %d dB\n Power at isolated port = %d nW',D,Piso*10^9);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce b/2219/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..49719b525 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +// chapter 4 example 4
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+CF = 20; // coupling factor in dB
+D = 30; // Directivity in dB
+Pin = 10; // input power in dBm
+
+// Calculations
+// 10logPi = Pin
+Pi = 10^(Pin/10); // power in mW
+I = D + CF // isolation in dB
+Pc = Pin - CF;
+Pcwatts = 10^(Pc/10) // power at coupled port in mW
+Piso = Pin - I
+Pisowatts = 10^(Piso/10) // Power at isolated port in mW
+Po = Pi -(Pcwatts + Pisowatts); // power at o/p port in mW
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Power Available at the output port = %3.5f mW',Po);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH4/EX4.5/Ex4_5.sce b/2219/CH4/EX4.5/Ex4_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1b510fb01 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH4/EX4.5/Ex4_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// chapter 4 example 5
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+Pi = 5*10^-3; // Input power in W
+CF = 10; // coupling factor
+Piso = 10*10^-6 // power at isolated port in w
+// calculations
+// CF = 10log(Pi/Pc)
+Pc = Pi/(10^(CF/10)) // antilog conversion and coupling power
+// D = 10log(Pc/Piso) // Directivity
+D = 10*log10(Pc/Piso)
+// Output
+mprintf('Directivity = %3.0f dB\n',D);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH4/EX4.6/Ex4_6.sce b/2219/CH4/EX4.6/Ex4_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ffd42e1ae --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH4/EX4.6/Ex4_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +// chapter 4 example 6
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+a = 2; // width in cm
+b = 1; // Height in cm
+d = 3; // length in cm
+c = 3*10^10; // vel in free space in cm/s
+// For TE101 mode
+m = 1
+n = 0;
+p = 1;
+
+// Calculations
+fo = (c/2)*sqrt((m/a)^2 + (n/b)^2 + (p/d)^2);
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Resonant Frequency = %d Ghz',fo/10^9);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce b/2219/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c607feca9 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +// chapter 4 example 7
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+fo = 10; // resonant freq in Ghz
+mprintf('The Resonant frequency for a TM mode in a rectangular cavity resonator for a given integral\n');
+mprintf(' values of m,n and p is same as that of a TE mode for same values of m,n and p\n');
+mprintf(' Therefore,TM111 mode resonant frequency = %d Ghz',fo);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce b/2219/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f4fd63d43 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +// chapter 4 example 8
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+a = 4; // width in cm
+b = 2; // Height in cm
+c = 3*10^10; // vel in free space in cm/s
+fo = 6*10^9; // resonator frequency in Ghz
+// For TE101 mode
+m = 1
+n = 0;
+p = 1;
+
+// Calculations
+//fo = (c/2)*sqrt((m/a)^2 + (n/b)^2 + (p/d)^2);
+d = sqrt((p^2)/((2*fo/c)^2 - (m/a)^2 - (n/b)^2));
+// Output
+mprintf('Length of cavity resonator = %3.1f cm',d);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH4/EX4.9/Ex4_9.sce b/2219/CH4/EX4.9/Ex4_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..94fc4d486 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH4/EX4.9/Ex4_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +// chapter 4 example 9
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Note : some data from is problem is taken from Ex4.8
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+a = 4; // width in cm
+b = 2; // Height in cm
+c = 3*10^10; // vel in free space in cm/s
+fo = 6*10^9; // resonator frequency in Ghz
+d = 3.2; // length of cavity resonator in cm
+// For TE101 mode
+m = 1
+n = 0;
+
+// Calculations
+lamda_c = 2/sqrt((m/a)^2 + (n/b)^2); // cut-off wavelength in m
+lamda = c/fo; // operating wavelength in m
+lamda_g = lamda/sqrt(1 - (lamda/lamda_c)^2) // guide wavelength in m
+
+mprintf('Length of resonator is %3.1f cm and guide wavelength is %3.1f cm',d,lamda_g);
+mprintf('\n length of resonator is half of guide wavelength');
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.sce b/2219/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e55735bba --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//chapter 5 example 1 pg no-226
+//=============================================================================
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given Data
+F = 100*10^9;//reflex klystron operating frequency
+n = 3;//integer corresponding to mode
+
+//Calculations
+T_c = (n+(3/4))//transit time in cycles
+T = T_c/F//transit time in seconds
+
+//Output
+mprintf('Transit Time of the electron in the repeller space is %3.1f ps',T/10^-12);
+
+//=============================================================================
diff --git a/2219/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.sce b/2219/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f9ce4d5d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +//chapter 5 example 1 pg no-227
+//=============================================================================
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given Data
+F = 2*10^9;//reflex klystron operating frequency
+Vr = 2000;//Repeller voltage
+Va = 500;//Accelarating voltage
+n = 1;//integer corresponding to mode
+e = 1.6*10^-19;//charge of electron
+m = 9.1*10^-31;//mass of electron in kg
+s = 2*10^-2;//space b/w exit of gap and repeller electrode
+dVr1 = 2;//(change in Vr in percentage
+//Calculations
+dVr = dVr1*Vr/100;//conversion from percentage to decimal
+//dVr/df = ((2*pi*s)/((2*pi*n)-pi/2))*sqrt(8*m*Va/e));
+//let df = dVr/((2*pi*s)/((2*pi*n)-pi/2))*sqrt(8*m*Va/e));
+
+df = (dVr)/((2*%pi*s)/((2*%pi*n)-(%pi/2))*sqrt(8*m*Va/e));//change in freq as a fun of repeller voltage
+
+
+//Output
+mprintf('Change in frequency is %3.0f MHz',df/10^6);
+
+//=============================================================================
diff --git a/2219/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce b/2219/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..258b03cd2 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +//chapter 5 example 3
+//=============================================================================
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given Data
+//let l = dVr/Vr ; f = df/f ; Vr/f = R
+l = 5;//percentage change in repeller voltage
+f = 1;//percentage change in operating frequency
+R = 1;//ratio of repeller voltage to operating frequency
+NR = 1.5;//new ratio of repeller voltage to operating frequency in volts/MHz
+e = 1.6*10^-19;//charge of electron
+m = 9.1*10^-31;//mass of electron in kg
+
+//Calculations
+
+//dVr/df = ((2*pi*s)/((2*pi*n)-pi/2))*sqrt(8*m*Va/e));
+//((df/f)/(dVr/Vr)) = (Vr/f)*((2*pi*n)-pi/2)/(2*pi*s)*sqrt(e/(8*m*Va));
+//((df/f)/(dVr/Vr)) = K*(Vr/f);
+//where K = (((2*pi*n)-pi/2)/(2*pi*s))*sqrt(e/(8*m*Va))
+K = (f/l)*(1/R)
+PCF = NR*K*l//percentage change in frequency when new ratio (Vr/f)=1.5
+
+//Output
+mprintf('Percentage Change in frequency is %3.2f percent',PCF);
+
+//=============================================================================
diff --git a/2219/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce b/2219/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0b9476752 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//chapter 5 example 4
+//=============================================================================
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given Data
+Va = 40*10^3;//Anode voltage of cross field amplifier
+Ia = 15;//Anode current in Amp
+Pin = 40*10^3;//input power in watts
+G = 10;//gain in dB
+n = 40/100;//overall efficiency converted from percentage to decimal
+//Calculations
+//Gain = (1+(Pgen/Pin))
+Pgen = (G-1)*Pin//Generated power
+ne = (Pgen/(Va*Ia))//electronic efficiency
+nc = n/(ne)//circuit efficiency
+Pout = Pin+(Pgen*nc)//output power
+//Output
+mprintf('Electronic Efficiency is %3.2f\n Output power is %g KW',ne,Pout/1000);
+
+//=============================================================================
diff --git a/2219/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce b/2219/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cf36099aa --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//chapter 5 example 5
+//=============================================================================
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given Data
+F = 1*10^9;//two cavity klystron operating frequency
+Va = 2500;//Accelarating voltage in volts
+e = 1.6*10^-19;//charge of electron
+m = 9.1*10^-31;//mass of electron in kg
+s = 0.1*10^-2;//input cavity space
+//Calculations
+
+u = sqrt((2*e*Va)/m);//velocity at which electron beam enters the gap
+T = s/u ;//Time spent in the gap
+f = T*F;//number of cycles
+
+//Output
+mprintf('Number of cycles that elase during transit of beam through input gap is %3.3f cycle',f);
+
+//=============================================================================
diff --git a/2219/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.sce b/2219/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ac9a0e5db --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//chapter 5 example 6
+//=============================================================================
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given Data
+N = 8;//no. of resonators
+
+//Calculations
+mprintf('ϕ = (2*π*n)/N \n');//phase difference
+mprintf(' ϕ = (n*π)/4\n');//phase difference
+K = N/2;//useful no. of nodes
+//Most dominant mode is the one for which phase differnce b/w adjacent resonators is π radians
+//Therefore (n*π)/4 = π
+n = 4
+
+
+//Output
+mprintf('Number of possible modes of Resonance is %d\n',N);
+mprintf('Number of useful modes of Resonance is %d\n',K);
+mprintf('value of integer n for the most dominant mode is %d',n);
+
+//=============================================================================
diff --git a/2219/CH5/EX5.7/Ex5_7.sce b/2219/CH5/EX5.7/Ex5_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5269ad41e --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH5/EX5.7/Ex5_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//chapter 5 example 7
+//=============================================================================
+clc;
+clear;
+//Given Data
+Va = 1200;//Anode potential
+F = 10*10^9;//Operating frequency in Hz
+S = 5*10^-2;//spacing b/w 2 cavities
+GS = 1*10^-3;//gap spacing in either cavity
+e = 1.6*10^-19;//charge of electron
+m = 9.1*10^-31;//mass of electron in kg
+//Calculations
+//Condition of maximum output is (V1/Vo)max = (3.68)/((2*pi*n)-(pi/2);
+//(2*pi*n)-(pi/2) = Transit angle b/w two cavities
+//V1 = Peak amplitude of RF i/p
+//Vo = accelarating potential
+
+Vo = sqrt(2*e*Va/m);//velocity of the electrons
+T = S/Vo;//Transit time b/w the cavities
+TA = 2*%pi*F*T;//transit angle in radians
+V1 = (3.68*Va)/TA;
+//Output
+mprintf('Required Peak Amplitude of i/p RF signal is %3.2f volts',V1);
+//=============================================================================
diff --git a/2219/CH5/EX5.8/Ex5_8.sce b/2219/CH5/EX5.8/Ex5_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1bcc67c67 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH5/EX5.8/Ex5_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//chapter 5 example 8
+//=============================================================================
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+R = 10; // circumference to pitch ratio
+e = 1.6*10^-19; // charge of electron
+m = 9.1*10^-31; // mass of electron in Kg
+c = 3*10^8; // vel. of EM waves in m/s
+
+// Calculations
+Vp = c/R; // axial phase velocity = free space vel*(pitch/circumference)
+Va = (Vp^2 * m)/(2*e);
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Anode Voltage = %3.2f kV',Va/1000);
+disp('In practice,the electron beam velocity is kept slightly greater than the axial phase velocity of RF signal')
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bd357db96 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 1
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+gs = 0.0025; // output conductance in mho
+gl = 0.0025; // load conductance
+r = -250; // negative resistance of microwave device
+
+// calculations
+
+// P1 = Vl^2 *gl // power that is transferred to load
+// P = Vl^2 *gs // source is matched to load
+// P = [Is/(gl+gs)]^2 *gs
+// = ((Is^2)/(4*gs^2))*gs
+// = (Is^2)/(4*gl)
+// P2 = Vl^2 *gl // Load power
+// = [Is/(gs+gl-g)]^2 *gl
+// = (Is^2 *gl)/(2gl - g)^2
+// P2/P1 = ((Is^2 *gl)/(2gl - g)^2)*(4*gl)/(Is^2)
+// = (4*gl^2)/(2gl - g)^2;
+// = (4*gl^2)/(4gl^2 + g(g-4gl))
+// For P2/P1 > 1 , 4gl > g so that denominator is less than numerator
+g = 1/r
+// let k = P2/P1
+k = (4*gl*gl)/((2*gs)+ g)^2
+
+// output
+ mprintf('Power gain = %d',k);
+
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.10/Ex6_10.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.10/Ex6_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4283da465 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.10/Ex6_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 10
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data from graph
+up = (2*10^7)/3000; // mobility of diode in positive conductance region
+un = (2*10^7 - 10^7)/((10-3)*10^3); // mobility of diode in negative conductance region
+
+// Output
+mprintf('mobility of diode in positive conductance region = %d cm^2/V-s\n mobility of diode in negative conductance region = %3.0f cm^2/V-s',up,un);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.11/Ex6_11.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.11/Ex6_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..73008ec84 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.11/Ex6_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 11
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+e = 1.6*10^-19; // charge of electron
+Nd = 10^15*10^6; // mobility
+L = 10*10^-6; // active layer of Barritt diode
+er = 12.5 // relative permitivity
+eo = 8.85*10^-12; // permitivity in F/cm
+
+// calculations
+Ex = (e*Nd*L)/(2*eo*er) // electric field for Va = Vpt and x = L/2
+E = Ex/10^2; // electric field in v/cm
+Vpt = 10*10^-4*E
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Electric field E(x) = %3.0f KV/cm\n Punch through voltage = %3.0f Volts',E/1000,Vpt);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.12/Ex6_12.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.12/Ex6_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..32223220f --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.12/Ex6_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 12
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+fT = 10; // ft specification of BJT
+f_a = 2; // operating freq in Ghz case a
+f_b = 10; // operating freq in Ghz case b
+
+// calculations
+hFE_a = fT/f_a;
+hFE_b = fT/f_b;
+
+// Output
+mprintf('case a:\n hFE = %d\n case b:\n hFE = %d\n',hFE_a,hFE_b);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.13/Ex6_13.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.13/Ex6_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1e6c8c19c --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.13/Ex6_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 13
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+n = 10^15; // doping concentration in /cm^3
+er = 15; // relative permitivity
+eo = 8.85*10^-14; // permitivity in F/cm
+e = 1.6*10^-19; // charge of electron
+sigma = 133*10^-2; // conductivity in ohm/cm
+
+// calculations
+Td = (eo*er)/sigma // dielectric relaxation time constant
+u = sigma/(n*e) // mobility
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Dielectric relaxation time constant = %3.0f ps\n Carrier Mobility = %d cm^2/V-s\n',Td*10^12,u );
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.14/Ex6_14.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.14/Ex6_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..095bc2c80 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.14/Ex6_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 14
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+gm = 50*10^-3; // conductance in mho
+cgs = 0.6*10^-12; // gate to source capacitance
+cgd = 0.015*10^-12; // gate to drain capacitance
+Rg = 3; // gate resistance in ohm
+Rs = 2; // source resistance in ohm
+Ri = 2.5; // intrinsic channel resistance
+Rds = 400; // drain to source resistance
+
+// Calculations
+fT = gm/(2*%pi*cgs); // device's fT
+t3 = 2*%pi*Rg*cgd;
+r1 = (Rg+Rs+Ri)/Rds;
+fmax = fT/(2*sqrt(r1 + (fT*t3))); // max usable frequency
+if fmax>40*10^9 then
+ mprintf('Operation at 40 GHz is Theoretically possible\n');
+end
+
+// Output
+mprintf(' fT = %3.1f Ghz\n fmax = %3.1f',fT/10^9,fmax/10^9 )
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.15/Ex6_15.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.15/Ex6_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..30efbd5e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.15/Ex6_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 15
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+f2 = 20; // pump frequency in GHz
+f1 = 2; // signal frequency in GHz
+
+// Calculations
+Gp = (f1+f2)/f1; // power gain if parametric amp. operated as USB up-converter
+Gp_dB = 10*log10(Gp); // power gain in dB
+Gp_lsb = (f2-f1)/f1; // power gain if parametric amp. operated as LSB up-converter
+Gp_db_lsb = 10*log10(Gp_lsb )// power gain in dB
+
+// output
+mprintf('Power gain of parametric amplifier when operated as USB up-converter = %3.1f dB\n Power gain of parametric amplifier when operated as LSB up-converter = %3.1f dB',Gp_dB,Gp_db_lsb)
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.16/Ex6_16.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.16/Ex6_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0d73c2c9a --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.16/Ex6_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 16
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+h = 6.63*10^-34; // planck's constant in Joule-sec
+el = 0.25; // lower energy level in eV from energy level diag.
+eh = 1.5; // higher energy level in eV from energy level diag.
+e = 1.6*10^-19; // charge of electron
+c = 3*10^8; // vel. of light in m/s
+
+// calculations
+hf = (eh - el)*e // energy diff b/w two levels in J
+f = hf/h; // frequency
+lamda = c/f // o/p laser wavelength in m
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Output laser wavelength = %3.0e m or%3.0f µm ',lamda,lamda*10^6)
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.17/Ex6_17.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.17/Ex6_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..73dc7773e --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.17/Ex6_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 17
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+p = 0.1*10^-2; // resistivity in ohm-m
+t = 100*10^-6; // thickness in m
+AR = 10/1; // aspect ratio
+
+// Calculations
+ps = p/t
+R = ps*AR; // Resistance in ohm
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Resistance = %d Ω',R);
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.18/Ex6_18.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.18/Ex6_18.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f58fe770c --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.18/Ex6_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 18
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data from fig
+R_a = 1000; // resistance shown in fig a
+W1 = 0.15*10^-3 // width of geometry fig 6.72a
+L1 = 3*10^-3 // Length of geometry fig 6.72a
+W2 = 75*10^-6 // width of geometry fig 6.72b
+L2 = 1500*10^-6 // Length of geometry fig 6.72b
+t1 = 10*10^-6 // thickness of geometry fig 6.72a
+t2 = 20*10^-6 // thickness of geometry fig 6.72b
+
+//R1 = ρs1*(L1/W1) // resistor geometry of fig 6.72a
+//ρs1 = (R1*W1)/L1
+ps1 = (R_a*W1)/L1 // sheet resistivity of geometry of fig 6.72a
+p = ps1*t1; // resistivity
+ps2 = p/t2; // sheet resistivity of geometry of fig 6.72b
+R2 = ps2*(L2/W2); // resistance of geometry of fig 6.72b
+
+// Output
+mprintf('For Geometry in Fig 6.72b\n sheet resistivity = %3.0f Ω/□\n Resistance = %d Ω',ps2,R2)
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.19/Ex6_19.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.19/Ex6_19.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a989b8b85 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.19/Ex6_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 19
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+A = 100*100*10^-12; // Area of electrode
+er = 9.6; // relative permitivity
+t = 500*10^-6; // substrate thickness
+eo = 8.85*10^-12; // permitivity
+// Calculations
+C = (eo*er*A)/t; // capacitance in farad
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Capacitance = %3.2e pF',C*10^12);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b7d867004 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 2
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+Rl = 500; // load resistance
+
+// Calculations
+gl = 1/Rl; // load conductance
+gmax = 4*gl; // max negative diff. conductance
+
+// Output
+mprintf('gmax = %3.3f mho',gmax);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.20/Ex6_20.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.20/Ex6_20.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8c626565b --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.20/Ex6_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 20
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+ps = 100; // sheet resistivity
+L = 1.04 // length
+W = 0.02 // width
+
+// Calculations
+NOS = L/W // number of squares
+R = ps * NOS // resistance
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Resistance = %3.1f KΩ',R/1000);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e87256215 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 3
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+L = 10*10^-6; // width of N-region
+Vs = 10^5; // saturated vel. of carriers
+
+// Calculations
+fo = (3*Vs)/(4*L); // oscillation frequency
+
+// output
+mprintf('Operational frequency = %3.1f Ghz\n',fo/10^9);
+mprintf(' Note: In textbook it is wrongly printed as 6.5 Ghz')
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1da566a6d --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 4
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+L = 10^-6; // gate length
+Vs = 10^5; // saturation velocity in m/s
+
+// calculations
+fT = Vs/(2*%pi*L); // cut-off freq.
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Unity gain cut-off frequency = %3.0f Ghz',fT/10^9);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..67147033f --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 5
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+f = 10*10^9; // oscillating freq. of Gunn diode
+Vs = 10^5; // saturation carrier velocity in m/s
+
+// calculations
+L = Vs/f; // length of active layer
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Length of active layer = %3.0f µm',L/10^-6 );
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3311c7b95 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 5
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+f = 10*10^9; // oscillating freq. of Gunn diode
+Vs = 10^5; // saturation carrier velocity in m/s
+er = 13; // relative permitivity
+u = 100*10^-4; // mobility in m^2/V-s
+eo = 8.85*10^-12; // permitivity in F/m
+e = 1.6*10^-19; // charge of electron
+
+// Calculations
+L = Vs/f; // length of active layer
+no = (eo*er*Vs)/(L*e*u); // doping concentration
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Doping Concentration no >> %3.2g /m^3',no);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0552ba264 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 7
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+fo = 40*10^9; // oscillating freq. of Gunn diode
+no = 10^15; // doping concentration
+up = 8000; // mobility in positive conductance region
+er = 13; // relative permitivity
+um = 100; // mobility in m^2/V-s
+eo = 8.85*10^-14; // permitivity in F/cm
+e = 1.6*10^-19; // charge of electron
+
+// Calculations
+// (eo*er)/(e*up) << no/fo < (eo*er)/(e*um) // condition to be satisfied
+// let k = (eo*er)/(e*up) , l = (eo*er)/(e*um) , p = no/fo
+p = no/fo
+k = (eo*er)/(e*up)
+l = (eo*er)/(e*um)
+if (k<p) then
+ if p<l then
+ mprintf('Necessary Condition satisfied')
+ end
+ end
+
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.8/Ex6_8.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.8/Ex6_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..617a0119b --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.8/Ex6_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 8
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+n = 10^15; // doping concentration in /cm^3
+u = 8500; // mobility in m^2/V-s
+er = 13; // relative permitivity
+eo = 8.85*10^-14; // permitivity in F/cm
+e = 1.6*10^-19; // charge of electron
+
+// Calculations
+Td = (eo*er)/(n*u*e) // Dielectric relaxation time
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Dielectric relaxation time = %3.3f ps',Td*10^12);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH6/EX6.9/Ex6_9.sce b/2219/CH6/EX6.9/Ex6_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..16dd34878 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH6/EX6.9/Ex6_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Chapter 6 example 9
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given data
+f = 20*10^9; // oscillating freq. of Gunn device
+Vs = 10^5; // saturation carrier velocity in m/s
+
+// Calculations
+L = Vs/f // length of device
+
+// output
+mprintf('length of device = %d µm',L*10^6);
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ad9312af4 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +// chapter 7 example 1
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+Ldipole = 50; // Length of dipole in cm
+c = 3*10^10; // velocity of EM wave in cm/s
+BW = 10*10^6; // bandwidth in Hz
+
+// Calculations
+lamda = 2*Ldipole; // wavelength in cm
+fo = c/lamda; // operating frequency in Hz
+Q = fo/BW // quality factor
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Q = %d',Q);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8c746e512 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +// chapter 7 example 10
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+RSSR = 20; // Rx signal strength in horizontal polarised antenna when rx RHCP
+
+// Calculations
+// When incident polarisation is circularly polarised and the antenna is linearly polarised,there is a ploarisation loss of 3dB
+ISS = RSSR + 3;
+// a
+// when the Rx polarisation is same as the antenna polarisation , the polarisation loss is zero
+RSS_HP = ISS; // rx signal strength for incident wave horizontally polarised
+// b
+// when the incident wave is vertically polarised ,the angle between the incident polarisation and the antenna polarisation is 90
+// polarisation loss = 20log(1/cos( φ))
+// = 20log(1/cos90) = ∞
+RSS_VP = 0; // rx signal strength for incident wave vertically polarised
+// c
+// When the incident wave is LHCP and the antenna polarisation is linear ,there will be a 3dB polarisation loss and the
+// Rx signal strength therefore will be 20 dB only
+RSS_LHCP = RSSR; // rx signal strength for incident wave Left hand circularly polarised
+// d
+// The angle between the incident wave polarisation and the antenna polarisation is 60 degrees
+phi = 60; // rx wave polarisation angle with horizontal
+PL = 20*log10(1/cos(60*%pi/180)); // polarisation loss in dB
+RSS_Pangle = ISS - PL;
+//output
+mprintf('Received signal strength if incident wave horizontally polarised = %d dB\n Received signal strength if incident wave vertically polarised = %d dB\n Received signal strength if incident wave Left hand circularly polarised is %d dB\n Received signal strength if Received wave polarisation making 60deg angle with horizontal is %3.0f dB',RSS_HP,RSS_VP,RSS_LHCP,RSS_Pangle);
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.11/Ex7_11.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.11/Ex7_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d51eaac64 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.11/Ex7_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +// chapter 7 example 11
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+f = 300*10^6; // operating frequency in Hz
+c = 3*10^10; // velocity of EM wave in cm/s
+
+// Calculations
+lamda = c/f; // wavelength in cm
+// Physical length of antenna is made 5% shorter than desired length as per rule of thumb
+l = lamda/2; // length of halfwave dipole
+lphy = l-(5/100)*l; // as per rule of thumb
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Length of a half wave dipole to be cut = %3.1f cm',lphy);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.12/Ex7_12.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.12/Ex7_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a66c753de --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.12/Ex7_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// chapter 7 example 12
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+Zi = 72; // input impedance in ohms
+// A = 1.5a // area of cross section in sq.cm
+// Zif = Zi*[(sum of areas of cross section of various components)/(Area of cross section of the driven element )]^2
+// Zif = 72*((a + 1.5a)/a)^2;
+// Zif = 72*(2.5*a/a)^2;
+Zif = 72*(2.5)^2;
+mprintf('Input impedance for a folded dipole = %d Ω',Zif);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.13/Ex7_13.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.13/Ex7_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8cd772783 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.13/Ex7_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +// chapter 7 example 13
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+f = 60*10^6; // frequency in Hz
+c = 3*10^8 // velocity of EM wave in m/s
+
+// Calculations
+lamda = c/f; // wavelength in m
+l_dipole= lamda/2 // length of diplole
+// Physical length of antenna is made 5% shorter than desired length as per rule of thumb
+L = l_dipole - (5/100)*l_dipole; // actual physical length
+L_D = L - (4/100)*L; // length of director
+L_R = L + (4/100)*L; // length of reflector
+DDS = 0.12*lamda; // director dipole spacing
+RDS = 0.2*lamda; // Reflector dipole spacing
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Length of dipole = %3.3f m\n length of Director = %3.2f m\n length of Reflector = %3.2f m\n director dipole spacing = %3.1f m\n Reflector dipole spacing = %3.1f m',L,L_D,L_R,DDS,RDS);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.14/Ex7_14.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.14/Ex7_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6148ff0df --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.14/Ex7_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +// chapter 7 example 14
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+D = 2; // Mouth diameter in m
+f = 2; // focal length in m
+bw3db = 90/100; // beamwidth of antenna chosen to be 90% of angle subtended by feed
+
+// Calculations
+theta = 4*atan(1/(4*f/D)); // angle subtended by the focal point feed at edges of reflector
+theta_d = theta*180/%pi
+Beam_w_3dB = bw3db*theta_d; // 3 dB beam width
+NNBW = 2*(Beam_w_3dB );
+
+// Output
+mprintf('3 dB Beamwidth = %3.1f°\n Null-to-Null beam width = %3.2f°\n',Beam_w_3dB,NNBW);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.15/Ex7_15.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.15/Ex7_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b611f05d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.15/Ex7_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// chapter 7 example 15
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+f = 3; // focal length in m
+fpos = 1.5; // feed is placed 1.5m from pt of intersection os sec.reflector and antenna axis
+
+// Calculation
+f_hyp = f-fpos; // focal length of hyperboloid from figure;
+
+// Output
+mprintf('focal length of hyperboloid = %3.1f m',f_hyp);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.16/Ex7_16.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.16/Ex7_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e5c811dab --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.16/Ex7_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// chapter 7 example 16
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+D = 3; // Mouth diameter in m
+//f = 2; // focal length in m
+bw3db = 63; // 3dB beam width
+k = 0.9; // beam width is k times subtended angle
+
+// Calculations
+theta = bw3db/k; // subtended angle
+theta_r = theta
+//theta = 4*atan(1/(4*f/D));
+f = D/(4*tan((theta_r/4)*(%pi/180)));
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Distance of feed from the point of intersection of antenna axis and the reflector surface = %3.2f m',f);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.17/Ex7_17.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.17/Ex7_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..058eb4d2d --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.17/Ex7_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +// chapter 7 example 17
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity of EM waves in m/s
+f = 2.5*10^9; // operating frequency in Ghz
+S = 10*10^-2; // inter element spacing
+theta = 10; // steering angle
+
+// Calculations
+lamda = c/f // Wavelength in m
+phi = (360*(S/lamda))*sin(theta*(%pi/180))
+phi1 = 0*phi // phase angle for element 1
+phi2 = 1*phi // phase angle for element 2
+phi3 = 2*phi // phase angle for element 3
+phi4 = 3*phi // phase angle for element 4
+phi5 = 4*phi // phase angle for element 5
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Phase angles for elements 1,2,3,4,5 are %d°, %d°, %d°, %d°, %d°',phi1,phi2,phi3,phi4,phi5);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.18/Ex7_18.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.18/Ex7_18.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5b8c13b31 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.18/Ex7_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +// chapter 7 example 17
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Data is taken from Example 17. The beam steers towards left of the axis with all parameters remaining in Ex 17 are same
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity of EM waves in m/s
+f = 2.5*10^9; // operating frequency in Ghz
+S = 10*10^-2; // inter element spacing
+theta = -10; // steering angle
+
+// Calculations
+lamda = c/f // Wavelength in m
+phi = (360*S/lamda)*sin(theta*%pi/180)
+phi1 = 0*phi // phase angle for element 1
+phi2 = 1*phi // phase angle for element 2
+phi3 = 2*phi // phase angle for element 3
+phi4 = 3*phi // phase angle for element 4
+phi5 = 4*phi // phase angle for element 5
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Phase angles for elements 1,2,3,4,5 are %d°, %d°, %d°, %d°, %d°',phi1,phi2,phi3,phi4,phi5);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.19/Ex7_19.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.19/Ex7_19.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..841a21e91 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.19/Ex7_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// chapter 7 example 8
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+S = 5*10^-2; // inter spacing distance
+lamda = 6*10^-2; // operating wavelength in cms
+phi_Az = 25 // angle in azimuth direction
+phi_E = 35 // angle in Elevation direction
+
+// Calculations
+theta_Az = asin((lamda*phi_Az)/(360*S))
+theta_E = asin((lamda*phi_E)/(360*S))
+Theta_Az = theta_Az*(180/%pi)
+Theta_E = theta_E*(180/%pi)
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Steering angle in Azimuth = %3.1f°\n Steering angle in Elevation = %3.1f°',Theta_Az,Theta_E);
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3a8f569d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +// chapter 7 example 2
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+Rr = 72; // Radiation resistance in ohms
+Rl = 8; // Loss resistance in ohms
+Ap = 27; // power gain
+
+// Calculations
+n = Rr/(Rr + Rl); // radiation efficiency
+D = Ap/n; // Directivity
+D_dB = 10*log10(D); // directivity in dB
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Directivity = %3.2f dB',D_dB );
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.3/Ex7_3.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.3/Ex7_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e33421759 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.3/Ex7_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +// chapter 7 example 3
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+AZ_BW = 0.5; // beamwidth in degrees
+E_BW = 0.5; // beamwidth in degrees
+lamda = 3*10^-2; // radar emission wavelength
+
+// Calculations
+
+AZ_BW_r = AZ_BW*%pi/180; // azimuth beamwidth in radians
+E_BW_r = E_BW*%pi/180; // elevation beamwidth in radians
+G = (4*%pi)/(AZ_BW_r *E_BW_r ) // antenna gain
+G_db = 10*log10(G) // gain in dB
+A = (G*lamda*lamda)/(4*%pi); // antenna aperture
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Gain of Antenna = %3.2f dB\n Antenna Aperture = %3.3f m',G_db,A);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..23712c3f0 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// chapter 7 example 4
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+n_az = 0.5; //length efficiency in azimuth direction
+n_el = 0.7; //length efficiency in elevation direction
+A = 10; // area in square mts
+
+// Calculations
+n = n_az * n_el; // aperture efficiency
+Ae = n*A; // Effective aperture
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Effective aperture of the antenna = %3.1f sq.m',Ae);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8c042dcdd --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// chapter 7 example 5
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+Ptot = 100; // certain antenna radiating power
+Ptot_iso = 10*10^3; // isotropic antenna radiating power
+
+// Calculations
+D = 10*log10(Ptot_iso/Ptot); // Directivity of antenna
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Directivity of antenna = %d dB',D);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9487ac5fb --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +// chapter 7 example 6
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+D = 3; // diameter of the antenna in m
+n_l = 0.7; // length efficiency
+nr = 0.9; // radiation efficiency
+f = 10*10^9; // antenna operating freq.
+c = 3*10^8; // vel of EM waves in m/s
+
+// calculations
+def = D*n_l // Effective diameter
+lamda = c/f // wavelength in m
+Beam_w = lamda/def // beamwidth in radian
+Beam_w_d= Beam_w*180/%pi; // beam width in degree;
+n_a = n_l * n_l; // Aperture efficiency
+AA = (%pi*D*D)/4; // actual area in sq m
+Ae = AA*n_a; // Effective aperture
+G = (4*%pi*Ae)/(lamda^2); // Gain
+G_db = 10*log10(G);
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Beam Width = %3.2f degrees\n Effective Aperture = %3.2fsq m\n Gain = %3.1f dB',Beam_w_d,Ae,G_db);
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6ef19c66f --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// chapter 7 example 7
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+// given (lamda/10) wire dipole
+// Radiation resistance of short dipoles is Rr = 790*(1/lamda)^2;
+// Rr = 790*(lamda/(10*lamda))^2;
+// Rr = 7.9;
+mprintf('Radiation resistance = 7.9 ohms');
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bd4dabfed --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +// chapter 7 example 8
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+a_l = 6; // Azimuth length in m
+n_a = 0.7; // Azimuth length efficiency
+n_e = 0.5; // elevation length efficiency
+e_l = 4; // elevation length in m
+w = 6; // width of antenna
+h = 4; // height of antenna
+lamda = 3*10^-2; // wavelength
+
+// Calculations
+Eff_A_l = a_l*n_a; // effective azimuth length
+Eff_E_l = e_l*n_e; // effective elevation length
+A = w*h // actual area
+n = n_a*n_e; // aperture efficiency
+Ae = A*n; // effective aperture
+Az_BW = lamda/Eff_A_l // Azimuth beam width
+E_BW = lamda/Eff_E_l // elevation beam width
+Az_BW_d = Az_BW*180/%pi // rad to deg conv
+E_BW_d = E_BW*180/%pi; // rad to deg conv
+G = (4*%pi*Ae)/(lamda^2); //Gain
+G_dB = 10*log10(G); // gain in dB
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Azimuth Beamwidth = %3.2f degrees\n Elevation Beamwidth = %3.2f degrees\n Gain = %3.1f dB',Az_BW_d,E_BW_d,G_dB);
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.sce b/2219/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..99bea2c42 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// chapter 7 example 9
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// given data
+Beam_w_3db = 0.4;
+
+// Calculations
+N2N_Beam_w = 2*Beam_w_3db; // Null to Null beamwidth
+
+// output
+mprintf('Null to Null Beam width = %3.1f degrees',N2N_Beam_w);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..19acedf0b --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 1
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+PRF = 1000; // Pulse repetitive frequency in Hz
+t = 0.15*10^-3; // Round propagation time in s
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity of EM waves in m/s
+// calculations
+R = (c*t)/2; // Range
+Runamb = c/(2*PRF) // Max unambiguous range
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Target Range = %3.1f Km\n Maximum Unambiguous range = %d Km',R/1000,Runamb/1000);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.10/Ex9_10.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.10/Ex9_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4fcb94fc2 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.10/Ex9_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 10
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+f = 10^9; // CW radar waveform freq.
+fm = 100; // modulation freq. in Hz
+MaxfD = 500; // max freq deviation in Hz
+c = 3*10^8; // vel. of EM waves in m/s
+
+// Calculations
+Mf = MaxfD/fm // Modulation index
+BW = 2*(Mf + 1)*fm // Bandwidth
+RR = c/(2*BW); // Range Resolution in m
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Bandwidth = %d Hz\n Range Resolution = %d Km',BW,RR/1000);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.11/Ex9_11.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.11/Ex9_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..175eec14b --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.11/Ex9_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 11
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+f = 10^9; // Centre freq. of spectrum
+t = 13 // pulse width in us
+N = 13; // N-bit Barker code
+
+// Calculations
+Sub_PW = t/N; // sub pulsewidth
+match_BW= 1/Sub_PW; // Matched bandwidth in Mhz
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Matched Bandwidth = %d Mhz\n Center Frequency of the spectrum = %d Ghz',match_BW,f/10^9 );
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.12/Ex9_12.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.12/Ex9_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2d7cba099 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.12/Ex9_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 12
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+PW = 10^-6; // Pulse width in sec
+Pp = 100*10^3; // Peak power in watts
+PRF = 1000; // pulse rep.rate
+N_target= 20; // no of target hits in 1 dwell period
+
+// Calculations
+PE = Pp*PW; // Pulse energy in Joule
+LE = N_target *PE; // look energy
+DC = PW*PRF // Duty cycle
+Pav = Pp*DC; // Average power
+Pavg = 10*log10(Pav); // Avg power in dB
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Average power = %d dB\n Look Energy = %3.0f Joules',Pavg,LE);
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.13/Ex9_13.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.13/Ex9_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..066470771 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.13/Ex9_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 13
+// Data taken from Ex 12
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+PW = 10^-6; // Pulse width in sec
+Pp = 100*10^3; // Peak power in watts
+PRF = 1000; // pulse rep.rate
+N_target= 20; // no of target hits in 1 dwell period
+
+// Calculations
+PE = Pp*PW; // Pulse energy in Joule
+LE = N_target *PE; // look energy
+DC = PW*PRF // Duty cycle
+Pav = Pp*DC; // Average power
+Pavg = 10*log10(Pav); // Avg power in dB
+Pp_dB = 10*log10(Pp); // Peak power in dB
+DCCF = Pp_dB - Pavg // Duty cycle correction factor
+// Output
+mprintf('Duty cycle correction factor = %d dB',DCCF);
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.14/Ex9_14.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.14/Ex9_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9c73a26d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.14/Ex9_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 14
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+G_rx = 97; // Rx gain in dB
+Bn = 5*10^6; // Bandwidth in Hz
+To = 300; // temperature in kelvin
+K = 1.38*10^-23; // Boltzmann constant in J/k
+n = -3 // o/p noise power in dBm
+
+// calculations
+Pn_dB = n-G_rx // input noise power
+Pn = 10^(Pn_dB/10)*10^-3 // converting from dBm to watts
+// Pn = KToBnF;
+F = Pn/(K*To*Bn) // Noise Factor
+T = To*[F - 1] // Equivalent Noise Temperature
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Equivalent Noise Temperature = %d°K',T );
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.15/Ex9_15.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.15/Ex9_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4b3f69cab --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.15/Ex9_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 15
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+Gx = 60; // gain of Rx 'X' in dB
+Gy = 70; // gain of Rx 'Y' in dB
+Fx = 3; // Noise factor of 'X'
+Fy = 2; // Noise factor of 'Y'
+
+// calculations
+Gx_W = 10^(Gx/10) // gain in watts
+Gy_W = 10^(Gy/10) // gain in watts
+// k = Pnx/Pny; // Ratio of noise power levels produced at the o/p's of Rx 'X' and 'Y'
+k = (Fx*Gx_W)/(Fy*Gy_W); // Ratio of noise power levels produced at the o/p's of Rx 'X' and 'Y'
+
+// output
+mprintf('Ratio of noise power levels produced at the outputs of Rx X and Y = %3.2f',k);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.16/Ex9_16.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.16/Ex9_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..34a4a0d85 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.16/Ex9_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 16
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+Pn = -70; // Noise power in dBm
+fl = 10^6; // lower cut-off freq in Hz
+fh = 11*10^6; // upper cut-off freq in Hz
+BP_fl = 13*10^6; // Bandpass filter lower cutoff freq
+BP_fh = 14*10^6; // Bandpass filter lower cutoff freq
+
+// Calculations
+Pn_W = 10^(Pn/10)*10^-3; // coversion from dBm to Watts
+BW = fh - fl
+PSD = Pn_W/BW // Noise power spectral density
+// Since white noise has the same spectral power density through the frequency spectrum,
+// therefore Noise power in second case
+B = BP_fh - BP_fl
+Pn_2 = PSD*B; // Noise power in second case
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Noise power for BandPass filter having Cutoff frequencies 13Mhz and 14Mhz = %3.0e W',Pn_2);
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.17/Ex9_17.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.17/Ex9_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1c980595b --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.17/Ex9_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 16
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data from Figure triagle OAB
+OA = 100 // in Km
+OB = OA*cos(60*%pi/180); // Range of Target 2
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Range of Target-2 = %d Km\n Azimuth angle of target-1 = 60°\n Azimuth angle of Target-2 = 120°',OB);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0b2a8a1b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 2
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+f = 10*10^9; // radar Tx frequency
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity of EM waves in m/s
+V = 108; // vel of car in kmph
+
+// Calculations
+lamda = c/f; // wavelength in m
+Vr = V*(5/18); // vel of car in m/s
+fd = (2*Vr)/lamda // Doppler shift in Hz
+fr = f + fd // received freq
+fr_away = f-fd // Rx frequency if the car is moving away from radar
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Doppler Shift = %d Khz\n Frequency of Received signal = %3.6f Ghz\n Received Frequency if car is moving away from radar = %3.6f Ghz',fd/1000,fr/10^9,fr_away/10^9);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..47a0c422f --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 3
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+f = 10*10^9; // radar Tx frequency
+PRF = 2000; // Pulse repetitive frequency in Hz
+Vr = 0.5; // radial vel in Mach
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity of EM waves in m/s
+vs = 330; // velocity of sound in m/s
+
+// Calculations
+lamda = c/f; // wavelength in m
+max_unamb_fd = PRF/2; // maximum unambiguous doppler shift
+Vrunamb = (lamda*max_unamb_fd)/2; // doppler shift
+Vaircraft = 0.5*vs; // Converting from Mach to m/s
+fd_desired = (2*Vaircraft)/lamda;
+PRF_desired = 2*fd_desired; // desired PRF
+
+// Output
+if Vrunamb < Vaircraft then
+ mprintf('The radar is not capable of determining unambiguously the velocity of the approaching aircraft\n');
+end
+mprintf(' Desired Pulse Repetition Rate = %d Khz',PRF_desired/1000);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1b1967445 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 4
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+PW_tx = 10^-6; // Transmitted pulse width
+Rx_PW = 10^-6; // Received pulse width
+c = 3*10^8; // velocity of EM waves in m/s
+
+// Calculations
+RR = (c*Rx_PW)/2; // Range Resolution in m
+
+// output
+mprintf('This Radar can resolve upto an inter target separation in range of %d m\n Therefore,given radar will be able to resolve the targets',RR);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..89f8b36d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 5
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+CRR = 100; // Cross range resolution in m
+R = 3000; // radial range
+
+// Calculations
+// CRR = (R*theta3)*(%pi/180);
+theta3 = (180*CRR)/(%pi*R) // 3 dB beamwidth
+
+// Output
+mprintf('3 dB beamwidth = %3.2f°',theta3);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.6/Ex9_6.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.6/Ex9_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..04ed7d169 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.6/Ex9_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 6
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+Vs = 330; // velocity of sound in m/s
+NM = 1.85*(5/18) // 1NM equivalent in m/s
+V1 = 0.5; // velocity of first aircraft in mach
+V2 = 400; // velocity of second aircraft in NM/hr
+theta = 30; // angle with radial axis in degrees
+lamda = 3*10^-2; // wavelength in m
+
+// Calculations
+v1 = V1*Vs // velocity of first aircraft in m/s
+fd1 = (2*v1)/lamda // doppler freq.
+v2 = V2*NM*cos(30*(%pi/180)) // velocity of second aircraft in m/s
+fd2 = (2*v2)/lamda // doppler freq
+dd = fd2 - fd1 // doppler difference
+Tl = 1/dd // look time in s
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Required minimum look time = %3.2f ms',Tl/10^-3);
+mprintf('\n Note: Cos(30) value is taken as 0.5 in textbook');
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.7/Ex9_7.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.7/Ex9_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..973587884 --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.7/Ex9_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 7
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+// Rmax = [1000000/(12.4*PRF)]NM
+// = [1000000*t/12.4]NM
+mprintf('The Numerator represents round trip propagation time in us\n');
+mprintf(' Therefore, number 12.4 represents the units microseconds per nautical miles\n');
+mprintf(' In other words, this means that the round propagation time for one nautical mile is 12.4 us which is equivalent to 6.66us for 1km range')
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.8/Ex9_8.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.8/Ex9_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7232cd01c --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.8/Ex9_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 8
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+PW = 10*10^-6; // pulse width in sec
+f = 10*10^9; // frequency in Hz
+fm = 1000; // modulating frequency
+
+// calculations
+BW_M = 1/PW // matched bandwidth
+cf1 = f+fm; // closest freq.
+cf2 = f-fm; // closest freq.
+fo = f; // centre freq.
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Centre of frequency spectrum = %d Khz\n The two closet frequencies to the center of the spectrum are %d Khz and %d Khz',fo/10^3,cf1/10^3,cf2/10^3);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/2219/CH9/EX9.9/Ex9_9.sce b/2219/CH9/EX9.9/Ex9_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3fe39385e --- /dev/null +++ b/2219/CH9/EX9.9/Ex9_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Chapter 9 example 9
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clc;
+clear;
+// Given Data
+fc1 = 495; // freq in Mhz
+fc2 = 505; // freq in Mhz
+
+// Calculations
+fo = (fc1 + fc2)/2; // Center of spectrum in Mhz
+BW = fc2 - fc1; // Bandwidth in Mhz
+PW = 1/BW; // compressed pulse width in us
+
+// Output
+mprintf('Center of spectrum = %d Mhz\n Matched Bandwidth = %d Mhz\n Compressed Pulse width = %3.1fus',fo,BW,PW);
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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