diff options
Diffstat (limited to '629/CH3')
26 files changed, 270 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.1/ex3_1.txt b/629/CH3/EX3.1/ex3_1.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5c3e5ed58 --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.1/ex3_1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +
+The load that the jack can support = 12.2 kN.
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.1/example3_1.sce b/629/CH3/EX3.1/example3_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2f9d1bb63 --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.1/example3_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +clear
+clc
+//Example 3.1 LOAD LIFTED BY A HYDRAULIC JACK
+//Moment equilibrium at C, (F*l)-(F1*l1)=0
+l=0.33; //[m]
+F=100; //[N]
+l1=0.03; //[m]
+F1=l*F/l1 //[N]
+
+//Force equilibrium (small piston), (p1*A1)-F1=0
+d1=1.5*10^-2; //[m]
+A1=%pi*d1^2/4; //[m^2]
+p1=F1/A1 //[N/m^2]
+
+//Force equilibrium (lifter), F2-(p2*A2)=0
+d2=5*10^-2; //[m]
+A2=%pi*d2^2/4 //[m^2]
+p2=p1 //[N/m^2](as both are at same elevation)
+F2=p2*A2/10^3 //[kN]
+printf("\nThe load that the jack can support = %.1f kN.\n",F2)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.10/ex3_10.txt b/629/CH3/EX3.10/ex3_10.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c5a5f05ea --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.10/ex3_10.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +
+The normal force F required to open the gate = 809 kN.
+
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.10/example3_10.sce b/629/CH3/EX3.10/example3_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..854d46fde --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.10/example3_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clear
+clc
+//Example 3.10 FORCE TO OPEN AN ELLIPTICAL GATE
+g_water=9810; //specific weight of water[N/m^3]
+z_cen=10; //[m]
+p=(g_water*z_cen)/10^3 //pressure at the centroid level[kPa]
+a=2.5; //[m]
+b=2; //[m]
+A=%pi*a*b //area[m^2]
+Fp=p*A/10^3//resultant force[MN]
+I=%pi*a^3*b/4 //moment of inertia[m^4]
+y=12.5; //slant distance from the water surface to centroid[m]
+del_y=I/(y*A)//distance from center to center of pressure[m]
+//Moment equilibrium about the hinge
+F=Fp*10^3*(a+del_y)/(2*a) //force[kN]
+printf("\nThe normal force F required to open the gate = %.f kN.\n",F)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.11/ex3_11.txt b/629/CH3/EX3.11/ex3_11.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..331d992df --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.11/ex3_11.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +
+ The line of action for vertical force, xcp = 0.957m
+ and for horizontal force, ycp = 5.067m
+
+
+ Hydrostatic force on curved surface AB = 146.9 kN at 48 degrees to the horizontal.
+
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.11/example3_11.sce b/629/CH3/EX3.11/example3_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..dd4d790df --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.11/example3_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +clear
+clc
+//Example 3.11 HYDROSTATIC FORCE ON A CURVED SURFACE
+//Equilibrium in horizontal direction
+g_w=9.81; //specific weight of water[kN/m^3]
+r=2; //[m]
+w=1; //[m]
+A=r*w //area[m^2]
+l=5; //[m]
+p=g_w*l //pressure[kN/m^3]
+Fx=p*A //horizontal force on side AC[kN]
+
+//Equilibrium in vertical direction
+h=4; //height[m]
+p0=g_w*h //[kN/m^2]
+Fv=p0*A //vertical force on side CB[kN]
+W=g_w*(%pi*r^2/4)*w //weight of water in ABC[kN]
+Fy=W+Fv //[kN]
+
+//Line of action (horizontal force)
+y=5; //[m]
+ycp=y+(w*r^3/12)/(y*A) //[m]
+
+//For line of action for vertical forces, sum moments about point C
+xW=4*r/(3*%pi) //distance of centroid from C[m]
+xcp=(Fv*r/2+W*xW)/Fy //[m]
+printf("\n The line of action for vertical force, xcp = %.3fm\n and for horizontal force, ycp = %.3fm\n\n",xcp,ycp)
+
+//tan(theta)=Fy/Fx
+theta=atand(Fy/Fx) //angle with the horizontal(degrees)
+F=sqrt(Fx^2+Fy^2) //resultant force[kN]
+printf("\n Hydrostatic force on curved surface AB = %.1f kN at %.f degrees to the horizontal.\n",F,theta)
+
diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.12/ex3_12.txt b/629/CH3/EX3.12/ex3_12.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c8aabf416 --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.12/ex3_12.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +
+ The tension in the cord = 0.110 N.
+
+ The mass of metal part = 17.8 grams.
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.12/example3_12.sce b/629/CH3/EX3.12/example3_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6649b7e1a --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.12/example3_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +clear
+clc
+//Example 3.12 BUOYANT FORCE ON A METAL PART
+//dimensions of wooden block
+l=50; //[mm]
+b=50; //[mm]
+h=10; //[mm]
+y=7.5; //submerged height[mm]
+V=l*b*y //volume of block submerged[mm^3]
+g_w=9800; //specific weight of water[N/m^3]
+Fb1=g_w*V*10^(-9) //buoyant force[N], (factor 10^(-9)m^3/mm^3)
+S1=0.3;
+V1=l*b*h //volume of block[mm^3]
+W1=g_w*S1*V1*10^(-9) //weight of block[N]
+T=Fb1-W1 //tension in cord[N]
+printf("\n The tension in the cord = %.3f N.\n",T)
+
+V2=6600; //volume of metal[mm^3]
+Fb2=g_w*V2*10^(-9) //buoyant force[N]
+//Equilibrium equation, W2-T-Fb2=0
+g=9.81; //[m/s^2]
+W2=T+Fb2 //weight of metal[N]
+m2=W2*10^3/g //mass of metal[gm](factor 10^3g/1kg)
+printf("\n The mass of metal part = %.1f grams.\n",m2)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.13/ex3_13.txt b/629/CH3/EX3.13/ex3_13.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ef3405d34 --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.13/ex3_13.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +
+ Since the metacentric height is positive, the block will be stable in this slightly disturbed position.
+
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.13/example3_13.sce b/629/CH3/EX3.13/example3_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6f962ef19 --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.13/example3_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +clear
+clc
+//Example 3.13 STABILITY OF A FLOATING BLOCK
+//Dimensions of the block
+l=0.6; //[m]
+b=0.3; //[m]
+h=0.3; //[m]
+Vb=l*b*h //volume[m^3]
+W=318; //weight[N]
+g_w=9810; //[N/m^3]
+//For equilibrium(vertical direction), -weight+buoyant force=0
+d=W/(g_w*l*b) //[m]
+//Stability (longitudinal axis)
+Io1=((l*b^3)/12)//[m^4]
+CG1=0.06; //[m]
+V=d*l*b //[m^3]
+GM1=Io1/V-CG1 //metacentric height[m]
+//The metacentric height is negative hence the block is not stable about the longitudinal axis
+
+//For the block slightly disturbed
+VD=W/g_w //displaced volume[m^3]
+//(Displaced volume)=(Block volume)-(Volume above the waterline)
+//VD=Vb-(w^2*l/4)
+w=sqrt((Vb-VD)*4/l) //[m]
+
+//Moment of inertia of waterline
+Io2=(l*w^3)/12 //[m^4]
+CG2=0.0573; //[m]
+GM2=Io2/VD-CG2 //[m]
+printf("\n Since the metacentric height is positive, the block will be stable in this slightly disturbed position.\n")
+
diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.2/ex3_2.txt b/629/CH3/EX3.2/ex3_2.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d5dcfac5a --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.2/ex3_2.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +
+The water pressure at the depth of 35ft in the tank = 15.2 psig.
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.2/example3_2.sce b/629/CH3/EX3.2/example3_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a84ab7fbf --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.2/example3_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clear
+clc
+//Example 3.2 WATER PRESSURE IN A TANK
+//Hydrostatic equation, p1/Gamma +z1=p2/Gamma +z2
+p1=0; //[psig]
+z1=250; //[ft]
+z2=215; //[ft]
+Gamma=62.4; //specific weight of water[lbf/ft^3]
+//1psig=144psfg
+p2=p1+(z1-z2)*Gamma/144 //[psig]
+printf("\nThe water pressure at the depth of 35ft in the tank = %.1f psig.\n",p2)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.3/ex3_3.txt b/629/CH3/EX3.3/ex3_3.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..621dfd197 --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.3/ex3_3.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +
+The gage pressure at the bottom of the tank = 27.7 kPa gage.
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.3/example3_3.sce b/629/CH3/EX3.3/example3_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3e1d146f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.3/example3_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clear
+clc
+//Example 3.3 PRESSURE IN TANK WITH TWO FLUIDS
+//Hydrostatic equation(oil), p1/g_oil +z1=p2/g_oil +z2
+p1=0; //[Pa]
+z1=3; //[m]
+z2=2.1; //[m]
+g_oil=0.8*9810; //specific weight of oil[N/m^3]
+p2=(p1+(z1-z2)*g_oil)/10^3//[kPa] (factor 1kPa/10^3Pa)
+
+//At oil-water interface, p2_oil=p2_water
+//Hydrostatic equation(water), p2/g_water +z2=p3/g_water +z3
+z3=0; //[m]
+g_water=9810; //specific weight of water[N/m^3]
+p3=p2+(z2-z3)*g_water/10^3 //[kPa]
+printf("\nThe gage pressure at the bottom of the tank = %.1f kPa gage.\n",p3)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.4/ex3_4.txt b/629/CH3/EX3.4/ex3_4.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..90496176e --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.4/ex3_4.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +
+The pressure at an elevation of 2000m = 80.0 kPa absolute.
+
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.4/example3_4.sce b/629/CH3/EX3.4/example3_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..85e93b313 --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.4/example3_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clear
+clc
+//Example 3.4 PRESSURE IN THE TROPOSPHERE
+p0=101.3; //absolute pressure[kPa]
+T0=23+273; //absolute temp.[K]
+alpha=5.87*10^-3; //[K/m]
+delz=2000; //[m](delz=z-z0)
+k=5.823; //(k=g/alpha*R)
+
+//Pressure equation in troposphere
+p=p0*((T0-alpha*delz)/T0)^k //[kPa]
+printf("\nThe pressure at an elevation of 2000m = %.1f kPa absolute.\n",p)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.5/ex3_5.txt b/629/CH3/EX3.5/ex3_5.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2a72701e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.5/ex3_5.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +
+The pressure at an elevation of 55,000 ft, p = 1.43 psia (= 9.82 kPa absolute).
+
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.5/example3_5.sce b/629/CH3/EX3.5/example3_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0981b373e --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.5/example3_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clear
+clc
+//Example 3.5 PRESSURE IN THE LOWER STRATOSPHERE
+T=-71.5+460; //temperature[°R]
+z0=45000; //[ft]
+z=55000; //[ft]
+p0=2.31; //pressure at z0[psia]
+g=32.2; //[ft/s^2]
+R=1716; //[ft^2/R.s^2]
+p=p0*exp(-(z-z0)*(g/(R*T))) //pressure at z[psia]
+p1=p*(101.3/14.7); //in SI units[kPa]
+printf("\nThe pressure at an elevation of 55,000 ft, p = %.2f psia (= %.2f kPa absolute).\n",p,p1)
diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.6/ex3_6.txt b/629/CH3/EX3.6/ex3_6.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..42bf141db --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.6/ex3_6.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +
+The gage pressure at the center of the pipe = 62.1 kPa gage.
+
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.6/example3_6.sce b/629/CH3/EX3.6/example3_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3f5fe4c9d --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.6/example3_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clear
+clc
+//Example 3.6 PRESSURE MEASUREMENT (U-TUBE MANOMETER)
+p1=0; //[Pa]
+h12=0.6; //deflection[m]
+g_m=133000; //specific weight of mercury[N/m^3]
+p2=p1+g_m*h12 //[Pa]
+//From hydrostatic equation,as z3=z2
+p3=p2; //[Pa]
+
+//Pressure at the interface is constant, p3_mercury=p3_water=p3
+l=1.8; //[m]
+g_w=9810; //specific weight of water[N/m^3]
+p4=(p3-g_w*l)/10^3 //[kPa](factor 1kPa/10^3Pa)
+printf("\nThe gage pressure at the center of the pipe = %.1f kPa gage.\n",p4)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.7/ex3_7.txt b/629/CH3/EX3.7/ex3_7.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ae1eb6e6f --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.7/ex3_7.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +
+The pressure of the air in the tank = 110 kPa gage.
+
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.7/example3_7.sce b/629/CH3/EX3.7/example3_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..38f4cc6d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.7/example3_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clear
+clc
+//Example 3.7 MANOMETER ANALYSIS
+l1=0.4; //[m]
+l2=1.0; //[m]
+l3=0.8; //[m]
+S_oil=0.8;
+//Specific weights
+g_water=9810; //[N/m^3]
+g_oil=S_oil*g_water //[N/m^3]
+g_air=0; //[N/m^3]
+g_mercury=133000; //[N/m^3]
+p1=0; //pressure[Pa]
+//From Manometer equation
+p2=(p1+g_mercury*l3-g_air*l2+g_oil*l1)/10^3 //[kPa],(factor 1kPa/10^3Pa)
+printf("\nThe pressure of the air in the tank = %.f kPa gage.\n",p2)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.8/ex3_8.txt b/629/CH3/EX3.8/ex3_8.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0ddbbc80e --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.8/ex3_8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +
+Between the points 1 and 2,
+the change in piezometric pressure = 65.4 psf
+and piezometric head = 1.05 ft.
+
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.8/example3_8.sce b/629/CH3/EX3.8/example3_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..13fa5e921 --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.8/example3_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clear
+clc
+//Example 3.8 CHANGE IN PIEZOMETRIC HEAD FOR PIPE FLOW
+del_h=1/12; //deflection[ft]
+//Specific weights
+g_Hg=847; //[lbf/ft^3]
+g_water=62.4; //[lbf/ft^3]
+h=(del_h*((g_Hg/g_water)-1)) //[ft]
+//Piezometric pressure
+pz=h*g_water //[psf]
+printf("\nBetween the points 1 and 2,\nthe change in piezometric pressure = %.1f psf \nand piezometric head = %.2f ft.\n",pz,h)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.9/ex3_9.txt b/629/CH3/EX3.9/ex3_9.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fd9f45811 --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.9/ex3_9.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +
+The force acting on one side of a concrete = 85.7 kN.
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/629/CH3/EX3.9/example3_9.sce b/629/CH3/EX3.9/example3_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bc474c6d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/629/CH3/EX3.9/example3_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clear
+clc
+//Example 3.9 HYDROSTATIC FORCE DUE TO CONCRETE
+z=2.44; //height[m]
+w=1.22; //width[m]
+A=z*w //area of panel[m^2]
+g_concrete=23.6; //specific weight of concrete[kN/m^3]
+z_cen=z/2 //depth of centroid[m]
+p=g_concrete*z_cen //pressure at the centroid level[kPa]
+F=p*A //force[kN]
+printf("\nThe force acting on one side of a concrete = %.1f kN.\n",F)
\ No newline at end of file |