summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/3871/CH10
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to '3871/CH10')
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce25
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.10/Ex10_10.sce25
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.11/Ex10_11.sce23
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.12/Ex10_12.sce27
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.13/Ex10_13.sce24
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.14/Ex10_14.sce26
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.15/Ex10_15.sce25
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.16/Ex10_16.sce24
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.17/Ex10_17.sce31
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.18/Ex10_18.sce17
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.19/Ex10_19.sce18
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce27
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.20/Ex10_20.sce26
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.21/Ex10_21.sce25
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.22/Ex10_22.sce20
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.23/Ex10_23.sce32
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.24/Ex10_24.sce23
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce32
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce15
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce16
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.6/Ex10_6.sce18
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.7/Ex10_7.sce17
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.8/Ex10_8.sce15
-rw-r--r--3871/CH10/EX10.9/Ex10_9.sce16
24 files changed, 547 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..451019d3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 1
+
+
+clc;
+clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+V = 100; //voltmeter reading in V
+I =0.005; //ammeter reading in A
+S = 1000; //sensitivity of voltmeter in Ω per volt
+v = 150; //voltmeter range in V
+
+//calculations
+Rv = S*v; //voltmeter resistance in Ω
+Rm = V/I; //apparent value of unknown resistor in Ω
+y = V/(I*Rv);
+x = I*(1-y);
+Rx = V/x; //actual value of unknown resistor in Ω
+er = ((Rm-Rx)/Rx)*100; //error due to loading effect of voltmeter in %
+
+//result
+mprintf("apparent value of unknown resistor = %3.2f Ω",Rm);
+mprintf("\nactual value of unknown resistor = %3.2f Ω",Rx);
+mprintf("\nerror due to loading effect of voltmeter = %3.2f percentage",er);
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.10/Ex10_10.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.10/Ex10_10.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b9dba89a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.10/Ex10_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 10
+
+
+clc;
+clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+P = 100; //resistance in Ω
+Q = 100; //resistance in Ω
+S = 230; //resistance in Ω
+dP = 0.02; //limiting error(dP/P) in %
+dQ = 0.02; //limiting error(dQ/Q) in %
+dS = 0.01; //limiting error(dS/S) in %
+
+//calculations
+R = (P/Q)*S; //unknown reistance in Ω
+dR =dP+dQ+dS; //limiting error(dR/R) in %
+dR1 = (dR*R)/100;
+R1 = R-dR1; //limitng values of unknown resistance in Ω
+R2 = R+dR1; //limitng values of unknown resistance in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("unknown resistance = %3.0f Ω ",R);
+mprintf("limitng values of unknown resistance %3.3f Ω to %3.3f Ω",R1,R2);
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.11/Ex10_11.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.11/Ex10_11.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..67bf59a64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.11/Ex10_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 11
+
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+P = 1000; //resistance in arm AC in Ω
+Q = 1000; //resistance in arm AD in Ω
+S = 100; //resistance in arm CB in Ω
+R = 101; //resistance in arm BD in Ω
+Rg = 50; //galvanometer resistance in Ω
+E = 2; //voltage in V
+
+//calculations
+R1 = (Q*S)/P; //resistance required in arm BD for balance bridge
+dR = R-R1; //the deviation from balanced condition in Ω
+Eth = E*(((R1+dR)/(R1+dR+S))-(P/(P+Q))); //thevenin's open circuit voltage in V
+Rth = (((R1+dR)*S)/(R1+dR+S))+((P*Q)/(P+Q)); //thevenin's equivalent resistance of bridge in Ω
+Ig = Eth/(Rth+Rg); //galvanometer current in A
+
+//result
+mprintf("galvanometer current = %3.3f uA",(Ig*10^6));
+mprintf("\nsince the point B is at higher potential with respect to point A ,current will floe from terminal A");
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.12/Ex10_12.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.12/Ex10_12.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3e01478d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.12/Ex10_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 12
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+P = 100; //resistance in arm AB in Ω
+Q = 1000; //resistance in arm BC in Ω
+S = 2000; //resistance in arm CD in Ω
+R = 202; //resistance in arm BD in Ω
+Rg = 200; //galvanometer resistance in Ω
+E = 5; //voltage in V
+Si = 5; //current sensitivity of the galavanometer in mm/uA
+
+//calculations
+Si1 = 5*10^9; //current sensitivity of the galavanometer in mm
+R1 = (P*S)/Q; //resistance required in arm BD for balance bridge
+dR = R-R1; //the deviation from balanced condition in Ω
+Eth = E*(((R1+dR)/(R1+dR+S))-(P/(P+Q))); //thevenin's open circuit voltage in V
+Rth = (((R1+dR)*S)/(R1+dR+S))+((P*Q)/(P+Q)); //thevenin's equivalent resistance of bridge in Ω
+Ig = Eth/(Rth+Rg); //galvanometer current in A
+d = Si1*Ig; //deflection of the galvanometre theta in mm
+S = d/dR; //sensitivity of the bridge in mm/Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("galvanometer current = %3.2e A",Ig);
+mprintf("\ndeflection of the galvanometre theta = %3.1f mm",(d*10^-3));
+mprintf("\nsensitivity of the bridge = %3.2f mm/Ω",(S*10^-3));
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.13/Ex10_13.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.13/Ex10_13.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4e69c8d3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.13/Ex10_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 13
+clc;
+clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+P = 1000; //resistance in arm AB in Ω
+Q = 100; //resistance in arm BC in Ω
+R = 200; //resistance in arm BD in Ω
+Si1 = 10; //sensitivity
+Si2 = 5; //sensitivity
+Rg1 =400;
+Rg2 =100;
+
+//calculations
+S = R*Q/P; //resistance required in arm CD in Ω
+Rth = ((R*S/(R+S))+(P*Q/(P+Q))); //thevenin's equivalent resistance of bridge in Ω
+//theta = (Si*E*S*dR)/((R+S)^2)*(Rth+Rg1))
+//theta2/theta1 = (Si*E*S*dR)/((R+S)^2)*(Rth+Rg1))*(((R+S)^2)*(Rth+Rg1)/(Si*E*S*dR))
+r = (Si2/Si1)*((Rth+Rg1)/(Rth+Rg2)); //ratio deflection of two galvanometer
+
+//result
+mprintf("ratio deflection of two galvanometer = %3.3f Ω",r);
+mprintf("\nthe first galvanometer (internal resistance 400 Ω and sensitivity 10 mm/uA) is less sensitive to a small unbalance on the given bridge ,through on its own it is more sensitive than the other galavanometer")
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.14/Ex10_14.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.14/Ex10_14.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..abd99aca8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.14/Ex10_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 14
+
+clc;
+clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+P = 500; //resistance in arm AB in Ω
+Q = 500; //resistance in arm BC in Ω
+S = 500; //resistance in arm CD in Ω
+R = 500; //resistance in arm BD in Ω
+Rg = 100; //galvanometer in Ω
+E = 10; //battery voltage in V
+Rth = 500; //thevenin's equivalent resistanceof bridge Ω
+Ig = 10^-9; //galavanometer capable of detecting Ig current in A
+
+//calculations
+//Eth = (E*dR)/(4*R);
+x = E/(4*R); //thevenin or open -circuit voltage in dR
+//Ig = Eth/(Rth+Rg)
+y = x/(Rth+Rg); //current through galvanometer
+dR = (Ig*(Rth+Rg))/x; //the smallest change in resistance that can be detected in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("the smallest change in resistance that can be detected = %3.2f m Ω",(dR*10^3));
+
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.15/Ex10_15.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.15/Ex10_15.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0b11902f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.15/Ex10_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 15
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+P = 200; //resistance in arm in Ω
+Q = 200; //resistance in arm in Ω
+S = 200; //resistance in arm in Ω
+
+R = 200; //resistance in arm in Ω
+p = 0.5; //power in W
+r = 2; //r is internal resistance of battery in Ω
+E = 24; //voltage in V
+
+//calculations
+//P = (I^2)*R; power disiipation in W
+I = sqrt(p/R);
+V = I*2*R; //the maximum voltage ,that can be appliedto the bridge in V
+I1 = 2*I; //current through series resistor in A
+//E = V+(2*I*(r+R) battery emf E
+R1 = ((E-V)/I1)-r; //series resistance in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("current = %3.2f A",I);
+mprintf("\nseries resistance = %3.2f Ω",R1);
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.16/Ex10_16.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.16/Ex10_16.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..664500420
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.16/Ex10_16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 16
+
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+P = 10000; //resistance in arm AB in Ω
+Q = 10; //resistance in arm BC in Ω
+S = 5000; //resistance in arm BD in Ω
+Si = 10^8; //sensitivity
+Rg =100; //galvanometer resistance in Ω
+E = 12; //voltage in V
+d = 2.5; //deflection in mm
+
+
+
+//calculations
+R = P*S/Q; //resistance required in arm CD in Ω
+Rth = ((R*S/(R+S))+(P*Q/(P+Q))); //thevenin's equivalent resistance of bridge in Ω
+dR = ((d*(Rth+Rg)*((R+S)^2))/(Si*E*S)); //change in defelection in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("the maximum value of resistance that can be measured with the given arrangement = %3.2f Ω",R);
+mprintf("\nchange in defelction = %3.2f k Ω",(dR*10^-3));
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.17/Ex10_17.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.17/Ex10_17.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4c7b87bce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.17/Ex10_17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+//===============================================================
+//Chapter 10 Example 17
+
+
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+r = 0.0250; //resistance in Ω
+R = 1.0125; //resistance in Ω
+S = 1 //sensitivity
+P1 = 10; //resistance in Ω
+Q1 = 10; //resistamce in Ω
+P2 = 9.95; //resistance in Ω
+Q2 = 10.05; //resistamce in Ω
+l = 100;
+
+//calculations
+r1 = r/100; //resistance in Ω per scale division
+x1 = P1/Q1;
+x2 = P2/Q2;
+//P/Q = (R+(l1*r))/(S+(l-l1)*r)
+//(s*x)+((l-l1)*r) = R+(l1*r)
+//(S*x)+(l*r)-(l1*r) = R+(L1*r)
+//(S*x)+(l*r)-R = (l1*r)+(l1*r)
+l1 = ((S*x1)+(l*r1)-R)/(r1+r1); //scale divisions
+l12 = ((S*x2)+(l*r1)-R)/(r1+r1); //scale divisions
+
+//result
+mprintf("hence the balance is obtainde at %3.0f and 75 scale divisions",l1);
+mprintf("\nhence the balance is obtainde at %3.0f and 95 scale divisions",l12);
+
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.18/Ex10_18.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.18/Ex10_18.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e9324cb44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.18/Ex10_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 18
+
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+V1 = 250; //voltage in V
+V2 = 92; //voltage in V
+t = 60; //time in seconds
+C = 600*10^-12; //capacitance in F
+
+//calculations
+//V2 = V1*e^(t/C*R)
+R = t/(C*log(V1/V2))
+
+//result
+mprintf("insulation resistance = %3.0f M Ω",(R*10^-6));
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.19/Ex10_19.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.19/Ex10_19.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d9b91e560
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.19/Ex10_19.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 19
+
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+V1 = 100; //voltage in V
+V2 = 80; //voltage in V
+t = 20; //time in seconds
+C = 300*10^-12; //capacitance in F
+
+//calculations
+//V2 = V1*e^(t/C*R)
+R = t/(C*log(V1/V2))
+
+//result
+mprintf("insulation resistance = %3.2e M Ω",(R*10^-6));
+
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dc0cec784
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 2
+
+
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+RA = 2.5; //resistance of ammeter Ω
+RV = 6000; //resistance of voltmeter Ω
+V = 38.4; //voltage in V
+I = 0.4; //current in A
+
+//calculations
+Rx = sqrt(RA*RV); //value of unknown resisitance in Ω
+Rm = V/I; //measured value of unknown resistance in Ω
+Rx1 = V/(I*(1-(V/(I*RV)))); //true value of unknown resistance in Ω
+EA = (1/2)*(1/100)*1; //error on ammeter reading in A
+EV = (1/2)*(50/100); //error on voltmeter reading in V
+PEA = (EA/I)*100; //percentage error at 0.4 A reading in %
+PEV = (EV/V)*100; //percentage error at 38.4 A reading in %
+E = sqrt((PEA^2)+(PEV^2)); //error due to ammeter and voltmeter in %
+AE = (E/100)*Rx1; //absolute error due to ammeter and voltmeter in Ω
+R1 =Rx1+AE; //resistance in Ω
+R2 = Rx1-AE; //resistance in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("resistance is specified as %3.3f and %3.3f Ω",R1,R2);
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.20/Ex10_20.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.20/Ex10_20.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..21ceab4db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.20/Ex10_20.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 20
+clc;clear all;
+//variable declaration
+V1 = 200; //voltage in V
+V2 = 126; //voltage in V
+t = 30; //time in seconds
+V12 = 200; //voltage in V
+V22 = 100; //voltage in V
+
+//calculations
+//let CR = a
+//V2 = V1*e^(t/C*R)
+a = t/log(V1/V2); //C*R
+//R1 = (10*R)/(10+R)
+a1 = t/log(V12/V22); //C*R1
+//a1/a =R1/R=x
+x = a1/a;
+//since R1 = (10*R)/(10+R)
+//x*(10+R)*R = 10*R
+//(x*10)+R*x = 10
+R = (10-(x*10))/x; //Resistance in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("resistance = %3.2f M Ω",R);
+
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.21/Ex10_21.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.21/Ex10_21.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e22cf06d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.21/Ex10_21.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 21
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+V1 = 450; //voltage in V
+V2 = 280; //voltage in V
+t = 15.2; //time in minutes
+t1 = 10.8; //time in minutes
+C = 2.5*10^-6; //capacitance in F
+
+//calculations
+t12 = t*60; //time in seconds
+t22 = t1*60; //time in seconds
+//V2 = V1*e^(t/C*R)
+x = V1/V2;
+y = log(x);
+R = t12/(C*y);
+R1 =t22/(C*y);
+//R1 = t1/(C*log(V1/V2));
+//1/R` = (1/R1)-(1/R)
+R11 = (R1*R)/(R-R1); //unknown resistance in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("unknown resistance= %3.2d M Ω",(R11*10^-6));
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.22/Ex10_22.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.22/Ex10_22.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2cc8cb3f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.22/Ex10_22.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 22
+clc;
+clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+r = 250; //number of scale divisions galvanometer can read
+s = 2.5; //universal shunt multiplier
+r1 = 350; //number of scale reading
+s1 = 1000; //universal shunt multiplier when standard resistor is connecter
+S = 1000000;
+
+//calculations
+//IR praportional to galvanometer*universal shunt multiplier
+IR = r*s; //current through the circuit with unknown resistance Rconnected
+Is = r1*s1; //current through the circuit with standard resistance in S
+R1 = (Is/IR)*S; //insulation resistance of cable in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("insulation resistance of cable = %3.2f MΩ",(R1*10^-6));
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.23/Ex10_23.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.23/Ex10_23.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e2868167c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.23/Ex10_23.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 23
+clc
+clear all
+
+//variable declaration
+V = 3; //battery voltage in volts
+Rm = 60; //resistance in Ω
+Ifm = 1.2; //full-scale deflection meter current in mA
+Rh = 1500; //half-scale deflection resistance in Ω
+V1 = 0.3; //at 10 % drop in battery voltage in V
+
+//calculations
+If = V/Rh; //battery current for full-scale deflection in A
+If1 = If*10^3; //battery current for full-scale deflection in mA
+Ish = If1-Ifm; //current through zero adjuster resistor i.e,shunt resistor in mA
+Rsh = (Ifm*Rm)/Ish; //resistance in Ω
+Rse = Rh-((Rsh*Rm)/(Rsh+Rm)); //current limiting resistor i.e,series resistor
+V3 = V-V1; //voltage in V
+If2 = V3/Rh; //battery current at full-scale deflection in A
+If21 = If2*10^3; //battery current at full-scale deflection in mA
+Ish1 =If21-Ifm; //current through shunt resistor in mA
+Rsh1 = (Ifm*Rm)/Ish1; //shunt resistor in Ω
+Rh1 = Rse+((Rm*Rsh1)/(Rm+Rsh1)); //total internal circuit resistance in Ω
+e =((Rh-Rh1)/(Rh1))*100; //percentage error in %
+
+//calculation
+mprintf("resistance = %3.2f Ω",Rsh);
+mprintf("\ncurrent limiting resistor = %3.2f Ω",Rse);
+mprintf("\nshunt resistor = %3.2f Ω",Rsh1);
+mprintf("\npercentage error = %3.3f percentage ",e);
+
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.24/Ex10_24.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.24/Ex10_24.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7668dad36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.24/Ex10_24.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 24
+
+clc;
+clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+V = 3; //battery voltage in volts
+Rm = 2; //meter resistance in Ω
+Ifm = 10; //full scale deflection meter current in mA
+Rh = 0.5; //half scale deflection resistance in Ω
+
+//calculations
+Im = 0.5*Ifm; //half-scale deflection of the movement
+Vm = Im*Rm; //voltage across movement in mV
+Ix = (Vm*10^-3)/Rh; //current through resistor in A
+Ix1 = Ix*10^3; //urrent through resistor in mA
+IB = Im+Ix1; //total battery current in mA
+V1 = V-(Vm*10^-3); //voltage drop across current lo V
+Rse = V1/(IB*10^-3); //current limiting resistor in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("current limiting resistor = %3.1f Ω",Rse);
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..42285ccc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 3
+
+clc;
+clear all;
+
+
+//variable declaration
+V = 120; //voltage in V
+I = 8; //current in A
+RA = 0.3; //resistance in Ω
+AR = 0.01; //maximum reading of ammeter in A
+VR = 0.1; //maximum reading of voltmeter in V
+AR1 = 10; //ammeter rane 0-10 A
+AV1 = 150; //voltmeter range in 0-150 V
+EA = 0.25; //constructional error of ammeter in %
+EV = 0.5; //constructional error of voltmeter in %
+
+
+//calculations
+Rm = V/I; //measured value of unknown resistance in Ω
+Rx = Rm-RA; //true value of unknown resistance in Ω
+EA1 = (AR/AR1)*100; //reading error of ammeter in %
+EV1 = (VR/AV1)*100; //reading of voltmeter in %
+dI = EA+EA1; //error in ammeter reading in %
+dv = EV+EV1; //error in voltmeter reading in %
+d =dI+dv; //total error in % ranging - to +
+R1 = Rx+d; //Value of Rx is specified as Ω
+R2 = Rx-d; //Value of Rx is specified as Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("Value of Rx is specified = %3.3f,%3.3f Ω",R1,R2);
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d1c7aef07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 4
+clc;
+clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+S = 0.02; //resistance of standard resistor in Ω
+Vs = 0.98; //voltage drop across standard resistor in V
+Vx = 0.735; //voltage drop across resistor under test in V
+
+//calculations
+X = (S*Vx)/Vs; //Resistance of resistor under test in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("Resistance of resistor under test= %3.3f Ω",X);
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6bd6b4cbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 5
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+Vx1 = 0.835; //indicated calue of voltage drop across the unknown resistance in V
+emf = -25*10^-6; //thermal emf with unknown resistance in V
+S = 0.10025; //resistance of standard resistor in Ω
+Vs = 0.984; //voltage drop across standard resistor in V
+
+//calculations
+Vx = Vx1-emf;
+X = (S*Vx)/Vs; //Resistance of resistor under test in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("unknown resistor = %3.5f Ω",X);
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.6/Ex10_6.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.6/Ex10_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6c518148c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.6/Ex10_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 6
+
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable decalartion
+p = 200.62; //resistance in Ω
+q = 400; //resistance in Ω
+P = 200.48; //resistance in Ω
+Q = 400; //resistance in Ω
+S = 100.03; //resistance in Ω
+r = 700; //resistance in Ω
+
+//calculations
+X = ((P/Q)*S)+((q*r)/(p+q))*((P/Q)-(p/q));
+
+//result
+mprintf("unknown resistance = %3.4f uΩ",X);
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.7/Ex10_7.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.7/Ex10_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..da12a846b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.7/Ex10_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 7
+
+
+clc;clear all;
+
+
+//variable declaration
+P = 100; //resistance in Ω
+Q = 10; //resistance in Ω
+S = 46; //resistance in Ω
+
+//calculations
+R = (P/Q)*S; //unknown reistance in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("unknown resistance = %3.2f Ω ",R);
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.8/Ex10_8.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.8/Ex10_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4a7179509
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.8/Ex10_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 8
+
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+S = 6; //resistance in Ω
+AB = 25; //length of AB in cm
+BC = 75; //length of BC in cm
+
+//calculations
+R = (AB/BC)*S; //unknown reistance in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("unknown resistance = %3.0f Ω ",R);
diff --git a/3871/CH10/EX10.9/Ex10_9.sce b/3871/CH10/EX10.9/Ex10_9.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..828615e2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3871/CH10/EX10.9/Ex10_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 10 example 9
+
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable decalartion
+R =5000; //a resistance of apporximately required to balance a bridge in Ω
+E = 0.1; //in per cent
+
+//calculations
+R2 = R+(R*(E/100)); //limiting value in Ω
+R1 = R-(R*(E/100)); //limiting value in Ω
+
+//result
+mprintf("limiting value %3.0f Ω to %3.0f Ω",R1,R2);
+mprintf("\nThus dials of 1000,100,10,1 Ω would have to be adjusted");
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2024-12-19 14:09:45 +0000