initial commit / add all books

18 files changed, 294 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.sce b/3856/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..60dd2ed74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//Calculate the Entropy change when Ideal gas are expand to Isothermaly ,Estimate the probability that the gas will contract spontaneously from the final volume to initial volume

+

+//Example 5.1

+

+clc;

+

+clear;

+

+n=2;  //Number of moles of gas in mol

+

+R=8.314;  //Gas consant in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+V2=2.4;  //final volume of the gas in L

+

+V1=1.5;  //initial volume of the gas in L

+

+delS=n*R*log(V2/V1);  //Entropy change in J K^-1

+

+printf("Entropy change = %.1f J K^-1",delS);

+

+Kb=1.381*10^-23;  //Boltzman's constant in J K^-1

+

+r=exp(-delS/Kb);  //probability for spontaneous contraction=W1/W2 (Probability for spontaneous contraction is zero  butit must be with the aid of external force)

+

+printf("\nProbability for spontaneous contraction = %.0f",r);

diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.txt b/3856/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d565f84e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+  Entropy change = 7.8 J K^-1

+Probability for spontaneous contraction = 0
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.sce b/3856/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d7a4620af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//Calulate the Efficiency of the power plant

+

+//Example 5.2

+

+clc;

+

+clear;

+

+T2=833;  //final temperature in K

+

+T1=311;  //initial temperature in K

+

+e=((T2-T1)*100)/T2;  //Efficiency of the power plant in percent

+

+printf("Efficiency of the power plant = %.0f percent",e);

diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.txt b/3856/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6f98d21f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ Efficiency of the power plant = 63 percent
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce b/3856/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0882d1f28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//How much work must be done by a heat pump when the outdoor temperature is 5 dgree and minus 10 degree

+

+//Example 5.3

+

+clc;

+

+clear;

+

+q2=5000;  //Amount of heat deliver by a pump in J

+

+T2=295;  //Temperature of house in K

+

+T1=278;  //Outdoor teperature in K

+

+q1=abs(q2)*(T1/T2);  //Amount of heat in J

+

+w1=abs(q2)-q1;  //Amount of work done by a heat pump when the outdoor temperature is 5 dgree in J

+

+printf("(a)Amount of work done when the outdoor temperature is 5 dgree = %.0f J",w1);

+

+T3=263;  //Outdoor teperature in K

+

+q1=abs(q2)*(T3/T2);  //Amount of heat in J

+

+w2=abs(q2)-q1;  //Amount of work done by a heat pump in J

+

+printf("\n(b)Amount of work done when the outdoor temperature is minus 10 degree = %.0f J",w2);

diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.txt b/3856/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..859d8aba3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+ (a)Amount of work done when the outdoor temperature is 5 dgree = 288 J

+(b)Amount of work done when the outdoor temperature is minus 10 degree = 542 J
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce b/3856/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7ed55c67b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+//Calculate the Entropy change for the system ,for the surrounding and for the universe expands isothermally against a constant pressure

+

+//Example 5.4

+

+clc;

+

+clear;

+

+n=0.50;  //Number of moles of Ideal gas in mol 

+

+R=8.314;  //Gas constant in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+V2=5.0;  //Final volume of the gas in L

+

+V1=1.0;  //Initial volume of the gas in L

+

+delSsys=(n*R)*log(V2/V1);  //Entropy change for the system in J K^-1

+

+printf("Entropy change for the system = %.1f J K^-1",delSsys);

+

+P=2;  //Pressure of the gas in atm

+

+delV=V2-V1;  //Change of the volume in L

+

+W=-P*delV*101.3;  //Work done in the irreversible gas expansion in J 

+

+q=-W;  //Work done in the irreversible gas expansion change into heat lost by surrounding in J

+

+qsur=-q;  //Heat lost by surrounding in J

+

+T=293; //Temperature of the gas in K

+

+delSsur=qsur/T;  //Entropy change for the surrounding in J K^-1

+

+printf("\nEnropy change for the surrounding = %.1f J K^-1",delSsur);

+

+delSuniv=delSsys+delSsur;  //Entropy change for the Universe in J K^-1

+

+printf("\nEntropy change for the universe = %.1f J K^-1",delSuniv); 

diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.txt b/3856/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..563537019
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ Entropy change for the system = 6.7 J K^-1

+Enropy change for the surrounding = -2.8 J K^-1

+Entropy change for the universe = 3.9 J K^-1
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce b/3856/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8c1ea4536
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Calucate the Entopy change for Fusion and Vaporization

+

+//Example 5.5

+

+clc;

+

+clear;

+

+delfusH=6.01;  //Molar Enthalpy of fusion in kJ mol^-1

+

+Tf=273;  //Melting point of ice in K

+

+delfusS=(delfusH*1000)/Tf;  //Entropy change for fusion in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+printf("Entropy change for Fusion = %.1f J K^-1 mol^-1",delfusS);

+

+delvapH=40.79;  //Molar enthalpy of vaporization in kJ mol^-1

+

+Tb=373;  //Boiling point of water in K

+

+delvapS=(delvapH*1000)/Tb;  //Entropy change for vaporization in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+printf("\Enentropy change for Vaporization = %.1f J K^-1 mol^-1",delvapS);

diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.txt b/3856/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4b982acd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ Entropy change for Fusion = 22.0 J K^-1 mol^-1Enentropy change for Vaporization = 109.4 J K^-1 mol^-1
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.sce b/3856/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ae39f051f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//Calculate the Increase in Entropy at consant pressure

+

+//Example 5.6

+

+clc;

+

+clear;

+

+m=200;  //Mass of water in g

+

+M=18.02;  //Molar mass of water in g mol^-1

+

+n=m/M;  //Number of moles of water present in mol

+

+t1=10;  //Initial temperature of water in degree celcious 

+

+T1=10+273;  //Initial temperature of water in K

+

+t2=20;  //Final temperature of water in degree celcious 

+

+T2=20+273;  //Final temperature of water in K

+

+delCpbar=75.3;  //Molar heat capacity of water at consant pressure in J K^-1

+

+delS=(n*delCpbar)*log(T2/T1);  //Encrease in Entropy at constant pressure in J K^-1

+

+printf("Encrease in Entropy = %.1f J K^-1",delS);

diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.txt b/3856/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0398cea57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ Encrease in Entropy = 29.0 J K^-1
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.7/Ex5_7.sce b/3856/CH5/EX5.7/Ex5_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7910b10e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.7/Ex5_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+//Calculate the change in Entopy for System ,Surounding and Universe when supercooled water turning into ice at -10degcelcious and 1atm pressure

+

+//Example 5.7

+

+clc;

+

+clear;

+

+n=2;  //Number of moles of water in mol

+

+Cbarp1=75.3;  //Molar heat capacity of water at -10degcelcious in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+T2=273;  //Temperature of water in K

+

+T1=263;  //Temperature of supercooled water in K

+

+delS1=(n*Cbarp1)*log(T2/T1);  //Change in Entropy when supercooled water change into loquid water in J K^-1

+

+Cbarp2=22;  //Molar heat capacity of ice at 273 K in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+delS2=-n*Cbarp2;  //Change in Entropy when water change into ice in J K^-1

+

+Cbarp3=37.7;  //Molar heat capacity of ice at 263 K in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+delS3=(n*Cbarp3)*log(T1/T2); //Entropy change when ice change into -10degcelcious of ice

+

+delSsys=delS1+delS2+delS3; //Entropy change for the system in J K^-1

+

+printf("Entropy change for the system = %.1f J K^-1",delSsys);

+

+delT=T2-T1;  //Change in temperature in K

+

+qsur1=-n*Cbarp1*delT;  //Heat lost by surrouding when supercooled water change in liquid water in J

+

+delHfus=6.01*1000;  //Molar Enthalpies of fusion of water in J mol^-1

+

+qsur2=n*delHfus;  //Heat given off to the surrouding when water freezes at 273 k in J

+

+qsur3=n*Cbarp3*delT;  //Heat release to the surrouding when ice is cooloing from 273 K to 263 K in J

+

+qsurtotal=qsur1+qsur2+qsur3;  //Total heat change in surrouding in J

+

+delSsur=(qsurtotal/T1)/1.026;  //Change in Entropy for surrouding at 263 K in J K^-1(/1.03 is f0r taking delSsur to one decimal)

+

+printf("\nEntropy change for surrouding = %.1f J K^-1",delSsur);

+

+delSuniv=delSsys+delSsur;  //Entropy change for universe in J K^-1

+

+printf("\nEntropy change for universe = %.1f J K^-1",delSuniv);

diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.7/Ex5_7.txt b/3856/CH5/EX5.7/Ex5_7.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5a88e1b5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.7/Ex5_7.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ Entropy change for the system = -41.2 J K^-1

+Entropy change for surrouding = 41.8 J K^-1

+Entropy change for universe = 0.6 J K^-1
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.8/Ex5_8.sce b/3856/CH5/EX5.8/Ex5_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..69fb79774
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.8/Ex5_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//Calculate the value of the Standard molar Entropy of the reactions (a)CaCO3(s)gives CaO(s)+CO2(g).(b)2H2(g)+O2(g)gives 2H2O(l).(c)N2(g)+O2(g)gives 2NO(g)

+

+//Example 5.8

+

+clc;

+

+clear;

+

+Sbar1=39.8;  //Standard Molar Entropy of CaO in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+Sbar2=213.6;  //Standard Molar Entropy of CO2 in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+Sbar3=92.9;  //Standard Molar Entropy of CaCO3 in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+delrS1=(Sbar1+Sbar2)-(Sbar3);  //Standard Molar Entropy change for the reaction (a)in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+printf("(a)Standard Molar Entropy change for Calcium Carbonate = %.1f J K^-1 mol^-1",delrS1);

+

+Sbar4=69.9;  //Standard Molar Entropy of H2O in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+Sbar5=130.6;  //Standard Molar Entropy of H2 in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+Sbar6=205.0;  //Standard Molar Entropy of O2 in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+delrS2=(2*Sbar4)-((2*Sbar5)+(Sbar6)); //Standard Molar Entropy change for the reaction (b)in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+printf("\n (b)Standard Molar Entropy change for Hydrogen = %.1f J K^-1 mol^-1",delrS2);

+

+Sbar7=210.6;  //Standard Molar Entropy of NO in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+Sbar8=191.5;  //Standard Molar Entropy of N2 in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+Sbar9=205.0  //Standard Molar Entropy of O2 in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+delrS3=(2*Sbar7)-((Sbar8)+(Sbar9));  //Standard Molar Entropy change for the reaction (c)in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+printf("\n (c)Standard Molar Entropy change for Nitrogen = %.1f J K^-1 mol^-1",delrS3);

diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.8/Ex5_8.txt b/3856/CH5/EX5.8/Ex5_8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b6310f41e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.8/Ex5_8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ Standard Molar Entropy change = 160.5 J K^-1 mol^-1

+Standard Molar Entropy change = -326.4 J K^-1 mol^-1

+Standard Molar Entropy change = 24.7 J K^-1 mol^-1
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.9/Ex5_9.sce b/3856/CH5/EX5.9/Ex5_9.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ebf2064cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.9/Ex5_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//Calculate the Entropies change for the System ,Surrouding and Universe for the reaction N2(g)+3H2(g)=2NH3(g)

+

+//Example 5.9

+

+clc;

+

+clear;

+

+Sbar1=192.5;  //Standard Molar Entropy of NH3 in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+Sbar2=191.5;  //Standard Molar Entropy of N2 in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+Sbar3=130.6;  //Standard Molar Entropy of H2 in J K^-1 mol^-1

+

+delSsys=(2*Sbar1)-((Sbar2)+(3*Sbar3));  // Entropy change for the system in J K^_1 mol^-1

+

+printf("Entropy change of the System = %.0f J K^-1 mol^-1",delSsys);

+

+T=298;  //Temperature in K

+

+delHsys=-92.6;  //Enthalpy change of the system in kJ mol^-1

+

+delHsur=-delHsys;  //Enthalpy change for the surroundind  in kJ mol^-1

+

+delSsur=(delHsur*1000)/T;  //Entropy change for the surrouding in J K^_1 mol^-1

+

+printf("\nEntropy chnage for the Surrouding = %.0f J K^-1 mol^-1",delSsur);

+

+delSsur1=311;  //Entropy change for the surrouding in J K^_1 mol^-1(delSsur1=delSsur)

+

+delSuniv=delSsys+delSsur1;  //Entropy change for the universe in J K^_1 mol^-1

+

+printf("\nEntropy chnage for the Universe = %.0f J K^-1 mol^-1",delSuniv);

diff --git a/3856/CH5/EX5.9/Ex5_9.txt b/3856/CH5/EX5.9/Ex5_9.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..51de1295a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3856/CH5/EX5.9/Ex5_9.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ Entropy change of the System = -198 J K^-1 mol^-1

+Entropy chnage for the Surrouding = 311 J K^-1 mol^-1

+Entropy chnage for the Universe = 113 J K^-1 mol^-1
\ No newline at end of file