initial commit / add all books

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diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.jpg b/3638/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.jpg
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diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.sce b/3638/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.sce
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+//Introduction to Fiber Optics by A. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, Cambridge, New Delhi, 1999

+//Example 8.1

+//OS=Windows XP sp3

+//Scilab version 5.5.2

+clc;

+clear;

+//given Case(1) 

+n2=1.45;//refractive index of cladding

+a=3e-6;//radius of core in m

+delta=0.0064//fractional change in refractive index

+lambda0=1.546e-6;//wavelength  in m

+n1=n2/(1-delta);//refractive index of core

+V=2*(%pi)*a*sqrt((n1^2)-(n2^2))/lambda0;//corresponding dimensionless V number

+mprintf("\n For fiber 1:");

+mprintf("\n V=%.1f at lambda0=%.3f um ",V,lambda0/1e-6);//Division by 10^(-6) to convert into um

+b=0.41616;//value of dimensionless propagation constant corresponding to V=2 as per given table

+B=sqrt((n2^2)+b*((n1^2)-(n2^2)));//corresponding value of Beta/k0

+mprintf("\n Beta/k0=%f",B);//The answers vary due to round off error

+

+//given Case(2)

+n2=1.45;//refractive index of cladding

+a=2e-6;//radius of core in m

+delta=0.010//fractional change in refractive index

+lambda0=1.288e-6;//wavelength  in m

+n1=n2/(1-delta);//refractive index of core

+V=2*(%pi)*a*sqrt((n1^2)-(n2^2))/lambda0;//corresponding dimensionless V number

+mprintf("\n For fiber 2:");

+mprintf("\n V=%.1f at lambda0=%.3f um ",V,lambda0/1e-6);//Division by 10^(-6) to convert into um

+b=0.41616;//value of dimensionless propagation constant corresponding to V=2 as per given table

+B=sqrt((n2^2)+b*((n1^2)-(n2^2)));//corresponding value of Beta/k0

+mprintf("\n Beta/k0=%f",B);//The answers vary due to round off error

diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.jpg b/3638/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.jpg
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diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce b/3638/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce
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+//Introduction to Fiber Optics by A. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, Cambridge, New Delhi, 1999

+//Example 8.3

+//OS=Windows XP sp3

+//Scilab version 5.5.2

+clc;

+clear;

+//given

+lambda0=1300e-9;//operating wavelength of single mode fiber in m

+omega=5e-6;//spot size of fiber in m

+alphat=0.1;//maximum value of loss in dB

+u=sqrt(alphat*(omega^2)/4.34);//corresponding maximum value of transverse offset in m 

+mprintf("Maximum value of u=%.2f um",u/1e-6);//division by 1e-6 to convert in um

diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.jpg b/3638/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.jpg
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diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce b/3638/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce
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+//Introduction to Fiber Optics by A. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, Cambridge, New Delhi, 1999

+//Example 8.4

+//OS=Windows XP sp3

+//Scilab version 5.5.2

+clc;

+clear;

+//given

+lambda0=1300e-9;//operating wavelength of single mode fiber in m

+omega=5e-6;//spot size of fiber in m

+n1=1.45;//refractive index of core

+n2=1.45;//refractive index of cladding

+alphat=0.1;//maximum value of splice loss due to angular misalignment in dB

+theta=sqrt(alphat*(lambda0^2)/(4.34*((%pi)*n1*omega)^2));//corresponding maximum value of angular misalignment in radians

+mprintf("Maximum value of theta=%.1f degrees",theta*180/(%pi));//multiplying by 180/pi to convert in degrees

diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.jpg b/3638/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.jpg
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index 000000000..fa6c60656
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diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.sce b/3638/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.sce
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+//Introduction to Fiber Optics by A. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, Cambridge, New Delhi, 1999

+//Example 8.5

+//OS=Windows XP sp3

+//Scilab version 5.5.2

+clc;

+clear;

+//given

+lambda0=1300e-9;//operating wavelength of single mode fiber in m

+omega=5e-6;//spot size of fiber in m

+n1=1.45;//refractive index of core

+n2=1.45;//refractive index of cladding

+D=20e-6;//longitudinal misalignment in m

+Dbar=D*lambda0/(2*(%pi)*n1*(omega^2));//dimensionless normalized separation 

+mprintf("Dbar=%f",Dbar);//The answers vary due to round off error

+alphat=10*log10(1+(Dbar^2));//corresponding value of splice loss due to longitudinal misalignment in dB

+mprintf("\n Corresponding value of splice loss=%.2f dB",alphat);

diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.jpg b/3638/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.jpg
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diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce b/3638/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce
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+//Introduction to Fiber Optics by A. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, Cambridge, New Delhi, 1999

+//Example 8.6

+//OS=Windows XP sp3

+//Scilab version 5.5.2

+clc;

+clear;

+//given

+lambda0=1300e-9;//operating wavelength of single mode fiber in m

+MFD=10e-6;//mode field diameter of fiber in m

+omega=MFD/2;//corresponding spot size of fiber in m

+thetae=asind(lambda0/(%pi*omega));//corresponding value of angle in degrees where amplitude falls to 1/e of maximum value

+mprintf("Corresponding value of angle=%.2f degrees",thetae);

diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.7/Ex8_7.jpg b/3638/CH8/EX8.7/Ex8_7.jpg
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index 000000000..ba2b9dca9
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diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.7/Ex8_7.sce b/3638/CH8/EX8.7/Ex8_7.sce
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index 000000000..409e8cf79
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+//Introduction to Fiber Optics by A. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, Cambridge, New Delhi, 1999

+//Example 8.7

+//OS=Windows XP sp3

+//Scilab version 5.5.2

+clc;

+clear;

+//given

+lambda0=633e-9;//operating wavelength of single mode fiber in m

+MFD=5e-6;//mode field diameter of fiber in m

+omega=MFD/2;//corresponding spot size of fiber in m

+thetae=asind(lambda0/(%pi*omega));//corresponding value of angle in degrees where amplitude falls to 1/e of maximum value

+mprintf("Corresponding value of angle=%.2f degrees",thetae);

diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.8/Ex8_8.jpg b/3638/CH8/EX8.8/Ex8_8.jpg
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diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.8/Ex8_8.sce b/3638/CH8/EX8.8/Ex8_8.sce
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index 000000000..0bdab9bd1
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+//Introduction to Fiber Optics by A. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, Cambridge, New Delhi, 1999

+//Example 8.8

+//OS=Windows XP sp3

+//Scilab version 5.5.2

+clc;

+clear;

+//given

+lambda0=1.3e-6;//operating wavelength of single mode fiber in m

+thetah=2.74;//angle corresponding to 3 dB point in degrees

+k0=2*%pi/lambda0;//free space wave number in rad/m

+omega=sqrt(2*log(2))/(k0*sind(2.74));//corresponding spot size of fiber in m

+d=2*omega;//corresponding value of Gaussian mode field diameter in m

+mprintf("Corresponding mode field diameter=%f um",d/1e-6)//division by 1e-6 to convert in um 

+//The answer provided in the textbook is wrong

diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.jpg b/3638/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.jpg
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index 000000000..50ad46336
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diff --git a/3638/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.sce b/3638/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.sce
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index 000000000..4bfaaee5e
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+//Introduction to Fiber Optics by A. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, Cambridge, New Delhi, 1999

+//Example 8.9

+//OS=Windows XP sp3

+//Scilab version 5.5.2

+clc;

+clear;

+//given

+lambda0=1.3e-6;//operating wavelength of single mode fiber in m

+thetah=2.357;//angle corresponding to 3 dB point in degrees

+thetax=12.73;//angle in degrees at which intensity first becomes zero

+sigmax=sind(thetax)/sind(thetah);//ratio of sine of angles

+V=8.039-2.347*sigmax+0.3329*sigmax^2-0.0218*sigmax^3+0.00054*sigmax^4;//corresponding dimensionless V number

+alphah=-0.7858+0.994*V-0.1155*V^2;

+k0=2*%pi/lambda0;//free space wave number in rad/m

+a=alphah/(k0*sind(thetah));//radius of core in m

+NA=V*lambda0/(2*%pi*a);//corresponding value of numerical aperture

+mprintf("The ESI parameters of given fiber are:");

+mprintf("\n Radius of core=%f um",a/1e-6);//division by 1e-6 to convert in um

+//The answers vary due to round off error

+mprintf("\n Numerical aperture=%.2f",NA);