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+//Introduction to Fiber Optics by A. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, Cambridge, New Delhi, 1999
+//Example 8.1
+//OS=Windows XP sp3
+//Scilab version 5.5.2
+clc;
+clear;
+//given Case(1) 
+n2=1.45;//refractive index of cladding
+a=3e-6;//radius of core in m
+delta=0.0064//fractional change in refractive index
+lambda0=1.546e-6;//wavelength  in m
+n1=n2/(1-delta);//refractive index of core
+V=2*(%pi)*a*sqrt((n1^2)-(n2^2))/lambda0;//corresponding dimensionless V number
+mprintf("\n For fiber 1:");
+mprintf("\n V=%.1f at lambda0=%.3f um ",V,lambda0/1e-6);//Division by 10^(-6) to convert into um
+b=0.41616;//value of dimensionless propagation constant corresponding to V=2 as per given table
+B=sqrt((n2^2)+b*((n1^2)-(n2^2)));//corresponding value of Beta/k0
+mprintf("\n Beta/k0=%f",B);//The answers vary due to round off error
+
+//given Case(2)
+n2=1.45;//refractive index of cladding
+a=2e-6;//radius of core in m
+delta=0.010//fractional change in refractive index
+lambda0=1.288e-6;//wavelength  in m
+n1=n2/(1-delta);//refractive index of core
+V=2*(%pi)*a*sqrt((n1^2)-(n2^2))/lambda0;//corresponding dimensionless V number
+mprintf("\n For fiber 2:");
+mprintf("\n V=%.1f at lambda0=%.3f um ",V,lambda0/1e-6);//Division by 10^(-6) to convert into um
+b=0.41616;//value of dimensionless propagation constant corresponding to V=2 as per given table
+B=sqrt((n2^2)+b*((n1^2)-(n2^2)));//corresponding value of Beta/k0
+mprintf("\n Beta/k0=%f",B);//The answers vary due to round off error