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Removed ult parts 1-8 and pushed to other repo.
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-rw-r--r--ult/ult_8/ult8.tex248
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diff --git a/ult/ult_8/script.rst b/ult/ult_8/script.rst
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-.. Objectives
-.. ----------
-
- .. At the end of this tutorial, you will be able to:
-
- .. 1.
- .. 2.
-
-.. Prerequisites
-.. -------------
-
-.. 1. Using Linux tools - Part 1
-.. 2. Using Linux tools - Part 2
-.. 3. Using Linux tools - Part 3
-.. 4. Using Linux tools - Part 4
-.. 5. Using Linux tools - Part 5
-.. 6. Using Linux tools - Part 6
-.. 7. Using Linux tools - Part 7
-
-
-Script
-------
-
-.. L1
-
-{{{ Show the first slide containing title, name of the production
-team along with the logo of MHRD }}}
-
-.. R1
-
-Hello friends and Welcome to the tutorial on
-'Using linux tools - Part 8'.
-
-.. L2
-
-{{{ Show slide with objectives }}}
-
-.. R2
-
-At the end of this tutorial, you will be able to,
-
- 1. Search for files in many different ways.
- #. Compare files with same names.
- #. Create and extract an archive.
- #. Customize a shell.
-
-.. L3
-
-{{{ Switch to the pre-requisite slide }}}
-
-.. R3
-
-Before beginning this tutorial,we would suggest you to complete the
-tutorial on "Using Linux tools from Part 1 to Part 7".
-
-There are a bunch of tools, that will prove to be handy in your day
-to day work. These tools will help you quickly perform tasks like searching
-for files, comparing files and checking if they are the same, viewing the
-exact differences between them, etc.
-
-.. L4
-
-{{{ Show slide, find }}}
-
-.. R4
-
-Let us start with the first tool - 'find' .
-The ``find`` command lets you find files in a directory hierarchy. It
-offers a very complex feature set allowing you to search for files with a
-wide range of restrictions. We shall only look at some of the most
-frequently used ones.
-
-.. R5
-
-To find the files, which end with an extension, ``.pdf``, saved in the current
-folder and all it's subfolders, we say
-
-.. L5
-
-{{{ Open the terminal }}}
-::
-
- find . -name "*.pdf"
-
-.. R6
-
-The ``find`` command also lists out the directory and sub-directory names
-To list them, we say,
-
-.. L6
-::
-
- find . -type d
-
-.. R7
-
-In short, ``find`` allows you to set limits on file-size, modification time
-and whole lot of other things which you can explore on seeing the man page
-of ``find``.
-
-.. L7
-
-.. R8
-
-Let us now move on to the next tool, the compare tool.
-
-To compare two files, whether they are identical or not, we can use the
-``cmp`` command. Let us consider some situation. Suppose, we run the ``find``
-command to locate some file, and it turns out that we have a file with same
-name in different location.
-
-In this case, if we are unsure, whether both the files are the same, we can use
-the ``cmp`` command to check if the files are identical.
-
-.. L8
-::
-
- find . -name quick.c
- ./Desktop/programs/quick.c
- ./c-folder/quick.c
- cmp Desktop/programs/quick.c c-folder/quick.c
-
-.. L9
-
-{{{ Show slide, cmp }}}
-
-.. R9
-
-If the cmp command doesn't return any output, it means that both files are
-exactly identical. If there are any differences in the file, it gives you
-the exact byte location at which the first difference occurred.
-
-.. R10
-
-Let us now make a small change in one of quick.c file and run the ``cmp``
-command again.
-
-.. L10
-{{{ Switch to the terminal }}}
-
-::
-
- cmp Desktop/programs/quick.c c-folder/quick.c
-
-.. R11
-
-As we can see, it gives the exact location as to where a change is made.
-
-Now, we may not be happy with just the knowledge that the files are
-different. We may want to see the exact differences between the two files.
-The ``diff`` command can be used to find the exact differences between the
-files.
-
-.. L11
-
-.. L12
-::
-
- diff Desktop/programs/quick.c c-folder/quick.c
-
-.. R12
-
-We get back a line by line difference between the two files.
-
-.. L13
-
-{{{ Show slide, diff }}}
-
-.. R13
-
-The ``>`` mark indicates the content that has been added to the second file,
-which was not present in the first file. The ``<`` mark indicates the lines
-that were present in the first file, but are not existent in the second file.
-
-.. L14
-
-{{{ Show slide, tar }}}
-
-.. R14
-
-You would often come across (archive) files which are called *tarballs*. A
-tar ball is essentially a collection of files, which may or may not be
-compressed. Essentially, it eases the job of storing, backing up and
-transporting multiple files, at once.
-
-.. R15
-
-The following set of commands extracts the contents of the ``allfiles.tar``
-tarball to the directory extract.
-
-.. L15
-
-{{{ Switch to terminal }}}
-::
-
- mkdir extract
- cp allfiles.tar extract/
- cd extract
- tar -xvf allfiles.tar
-
-.. L16
-
-{{{ Show slide, extracting an archive }}}
-
-.. R16
-
-The option, ``x`` tells ``tar`` to extract the files in the archive file
-specified by the ``f`` option. The ``v`` option tells ``tar`` to give out a
-verbose output.
-
-.. R17
-
-Similarly, if we wish to create a ``tar`` archive, we use the ``c`` option
-instead of the ``x`` option. For instance, the command below creates an
-archive from all the files with the ``.txt`` extension.
-
-.. L17
-
-{{{ Switch to terminal }}}
-::
-
- tar -cvzf newarchive.tar *.txt
-
-.. R18
-
-You can also create and extract compressed archives using ``tar``. It
-supports a wide variety of compressions like gzip, bzip2, lzma, etc.
-
-We need to add an additional option to ``tar`` to handle these
-compressions.
-
-
-+-------------+------------+
-| Compression | Option |
-+-------------+------------+
-| gzip | ``-z`` |
-| bzip2 | ``-j`` |
-| lzma | ``--lzma`` |
-+-------------+------------+
-
-.. L18
-
-.. R19
-
-So, if we wished to create a gzip archive in the previous command, we
-change it to the following
-
-.. L19
-::
-
- tar -cvzf newarchive.tar.gz *.txt
-
-.. L20
-
-{{{ Show slide, customizing your shell }}}
-
-.. R20
-
-What would you do, if you want bash to execute a particular command each
-time you start it up? For instance, say you want the current directory to
-be your Desktop instead of your home folder, each time bash starts up.
-Bash reads and executes commands in a whole bunch
-of files called start-up files, when it starts up.
-
-When bash starts up as an interactive login shell, it reads the files
-``/etc/profile``, ``~/.bash_profile``, ``~/.bash_login``, and
-``~/.profile`` in that order.
-
-When an interactive shell that is not a login shell is started, bash reads
-and executes commands from ~/.bashrc. This can be prevented using the ``--norc``
-option. Instead of using the ``~/.bashrc`` file on start-up, we can force
-the bash to use another file, for which the ``--rcfile`` option may be used.
-
-Now, you know what you should do, to change the current directory to you
-Desktop. Just put a ``cd ~/Desktop`` into your ``~/.bashrc`` and you are
-set!
-But as you know that the start-up files are used for a lot more complex things
-than this. You could set (or unset) aliases and a whole bunch of environment
-variables in the ``.bashrc``, like changing environment variables etc.
-
-.. L21
-
-{{{ Switch to 'Summary' slide }}}
-
-.. R21
-
-This brings us to the end of the end of this tutorial.
-In this tutorial, we have learnt to,
-
- 1. Make use of the ``find`` command to find files in a directory hierarchy.
- #. Find the differences between files with the same name, using the
- ``cmp`` and ``diff`` commands.
- #. Extract and create compressed archive's using the ``tar`` command.
- #. Customize one's shell according to one's choice.
-
-.. L22
-
-{{{ Show self assessment questions slide }}}
-
-.. R22
-
-Here are some self assessment questions for you to solve
-
- 1. Look at the man page of ``find`` and state the options which
- deal with symbolic links.
-
- 2. How do you append tar files to an archive?
-
-.. L23
-
-{{{ Solution of self assessment questions on slide }}}
-
-.. R23
-
-And the answers,
-
-1. The -H, -L and -P options with the ``find`` command control
- the treatment of symbolic links.
-
- 2. To append tar files to an archive, we can use the ``tar`` command
- either with the ``-A`` option or the ``-r`` option, as,
-::
-
- $ tar -Af <tar_file> <tar_file_to_be_added>
- OR
- $ tar -rf <tar_file> <tar_file_to_be_added>
-
-
-.. L24
-
-{{{ Show the Thank you slide }}}
-
-.. R24
-
-Hope you have enjoyed this tutorial and found it useful.
-Thank you!
-
-
-
diff --git a/ult/ult_8/ult8.tex b/ult/ult_8/ult8.tex
deleted file mode 100644
index a34bf53..0000000
--- a/ult/ult_8/ult8.tex
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,248 +0,0 @@
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-% Using Linux Tools
-%
-% Author: FOSSEE
-% Copyright (c) 2009, FOSSEE, IIT Bombay
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-\documentclass[12pt,compress]{beamer}
-
-\mode<presentation>
-{
- \usetheme{Warsaw}
- \useoutertheme{infolines}
- \setbeamercovered{transparent}
-}
-
-\usepackage[english]{babel}
-\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
-%\usepackage{times}
-\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
-
-% Taken from Fernando's slides.
-\usepackage{ae,aecompl}
-\usepackage{mathpazo,courier,euler}
-\usepackage[scaled=.95]{helvet}
-
-\definecolor{darkgreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
-
-\usepackage{listings}
-\lstset{language=sh,
- basicstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries,
- commentstyle=\color{red}\itshape,
- stringstyle=\color{darkgreen},
- showstringspaces=false,
- keywordstyle=\color{blue}\bfseries}
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-% DOCUMENT STARTS
-\begin{document}
-
-\begin{frame}
-
-\begin{center}
-\vspace{12pt}
-\textcolor{blue}{\huge Using Linux Tools}
-\end{center}
-\vspace{18pt}
-\begin{center}
-\vspace{10pt}
-\includegraphics[scale=0.95]{../images/fossee-logo.png}\\
-\vspace{5pt}
-\scriptsize Developed by FOSSEE Team, IIT-Bombay. \\
-\scriptsize Funded by National Mission on Education through ICT\\
-\scriptsize MHRD,Govt. of India\\
-\includegraphics[scale=0.30]{../images/iitb-logo.png}\\
-\end{center}
-\end{frame}
-\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{Objectives}
-\label{sec-2}
-
-At the end of this tutorial, you will be able to,
-\begin{itemize}
-\item Search for files in many different ways.
-\item Compare files with same names.
-\item Create and extract an archive.
-\item Customize a shell.
-\end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{Pre-requisite}
-\label{sec-3}
-
-Spoken tutorial on -
-\begin{itemize}
-\item Using Linux tools -- Part I
-\item Using Linux tools -- Part II
-\item Using Linux tools -- Part III
-\item Using Linux tools -- Part IV
-\item Using Linux tools -- Part V
-\item Using Linux tools -- Part VI
-\item Using Linux tools -- Part VII
-\end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{\texttt{`find'}}
- \begin{itemize}
- \item `find' command helps to find files in a directory hierarchy
- \item Offers a very complex feature set\\ For eg: search files by name, owner, date,etc.
- \item Look at the \texttt{man} page of `find'
- \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{\texttt{`cmp'}}
- \begin{itemize}
- \item Compare two files
- \end{itemize}
- \begin{lstlisting}
- $ find . -name quick.c
- ./Desktop/programs/quick.c
- ./c-folder/quick.c
- $ cmp Desktop/programs/quick.c \
- c-folder/quick.c
- \end{lstlisting} % $
- \begin{itemize}
- \item No output when the files are exactly the same
- \item Else, gives location where the first difference occurs
- \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{\texttt{`diff'}}
- \begin{itemize}
- \item We know the files are different, but want exact differences
- \end{itemize}
- \begin{lstlisting}
- $ diff Desktop/programs/quick.c \
- c-folder/quick.c
- \end{lstlisting} % $
- \begin{itemize}
- \item line by line difference between files
- \item \texttt{>} indicates content only in second file
- \item \texttt{<} indicates content only in first file
- \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
-\frametitle{\texttt{`tar'}}
-\begin{itemize}
-\item \emph{tarball} -- essentially a collection of files
-\item May or may not be compressed
-\item Eases the job of storing, backing-up \& transporting files
-\end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
-\frametitle{Extracting an archive}
-
-\begin{lstlisting}
-$ mkdir extract
-$ cp allfiles.tar extract/
-$ cd extract
-$ tar -xvf allfiles.tar
-\end{lstlisting} %$
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\item \texttt{-x} --- Extract files within the archive
-\item \texttt{-f} --- Specify the archive file
-\item \texttt{-v} --- Be verbose
-\end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
- \frametitle{Compressed archives}
- \begin{itemize}
- \item \texttt{tar} can create and extract compressed archives
- \item Supports compressions like gzip, bzip2, lzma, etc.
- \item Additional option to handle compressed archives
- \begin{center}
- \begin{tabular}{|l|l|}\hline
- Compression & Option \\\hline
- gzip & \texttt{-z} \\\hline
- bzip2 & \texttt{-j} \\\hline
- lzma & \texttt{-{}-lzma} \\\hline
- \end{tabular}
- \end{center}
- \end{itemize}
- \begin{lstlisting}
- $ tar -cvzf newarchive.tar.gz *.txt
- \end{lstlisting} % $
-\end{frame}
-
-
-\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{Customizing your shell}
-\begin{itemize}
-\item Bash reads \texttt{/etc/profile},
- \texttt{\textasciitilde{}/.bash\_profile},
- \texttt{\textasciitilde{}/.bash\_login}, and
- \texttt{\textasciitilde{}/.profile} in that order, when starting
- up as a login shell.
-\item \texttt{\textasciitilde{}/.bashrc} is read, when not a login
- shell
-\item Put any commands that you want to run when bash starts, in this
- file.
-\end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-
-\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{Summary}
-\label{sec-8}
-
- In this tutorial, we have learnt to,
-
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\item To make use of the ``find'' command find files in a directory hierarchy.
-\item To find the differences between files with the same name, using the
- ``cmp'' and ``diff'' commands.
-\item To extract and create compressed archive's using the ``tar'' command.
-\item Customize one's shell according to one's choice.
-\end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-\begin{frame}[fragile]
-\frametitle{Evaluation}
-\label{sec-9}
-
-
-\begin{enumerate}
-\item Look at the man page of ``find'' and state the options which
- deal with symbolic links.
-\vspace{8pt}
-\item How do you append tar files to an archive ?
-\end{enumerate}
-\end{frame}
-\begin{frame}
-\frametitle{Solutions}
-
-\begin{enumerate}
-\item -H, -L and -P options with the ``find'' command
-\vspace{15pt}
-\item tar -Af <tar\_file> <tar\_file\_to\_be\_added>
-\end{enumerate}
-
-\end{frame}
-\begin{frame}
-
- \begin{block}{}
- \begin{center}
- \textcolor{blue}{\Large THANK YOU!}
- \end{center}
- \end{block}
-\begin{block}{}
- \begin{center}
- For more Information, visit our website\\
- \url{http://fossee.in/}
- \end{center}
- \end{block}
-\end{frame}
-
-\end{document}
-
-
-