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+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 10: Optical amplifiers"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.1: refractive_index_and_spectral_bandwidth.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 10.1;refractive index and bandwidth\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"lamda=1.55*10^-6;// in m\n",
+"del_lamda=1*10^-9;// in m\n",
+"L=320*10^-6;// in m\n",
+"n=(lamda)^2/(2*del_lamda*L);\n",
+"Gs=10^(5/10);// 5 dB is equivalent to 3.16\n",
+"R1=30/100;\n",
+"R2=R1;\n",
+"c=3*10^8;// in m/s\n",
+"del_v=(c/(%pi*n*L))*asin((1-(Gs*sqrt(R1*R2)))/(sqrt(4*Gs*sqrt(R1*R2))));\n",
+"disp(n,'refrative index is')\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(del_v*10^-9,'spectral bandwidth in GHz is')\n",
+"//bandwidth is calculated wrong in the textbook"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.2: small_signal_gain_and_maximum_possible_achievable_gain.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 10.2;small-signal gain of EDFA and maximum pssible achievable gain\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"ts=0.80;//\n",
+"sa=4.6444*10^-25;//in m^2\n",
+"n12=6*10^24;//m^-3\n",
+"se=4.644*10^-25;//m^2\n",
+"n21=0.70;//\n",
+"l=7;//in meter\n",
+"x=((sa*n12*l*(((se/sa)+1)*n21-1)));//\n",
+"G=ts*exp(x);//\n",
+"Gdb=10*log10(G);//\n",
+"Gmax=exp(se*n12*l);//\n",
+"Gmaxdb=10*log10(Gmax);//\n",
+"disp(Gdb,'small signal gain of EDFA in dB is')\n",
+"disp(Gmaxdb,'maximum possible achievable gain in dB is')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.3: output_signal_power_and_overall_gain.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 10.3;output signal power and overall gain\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp('part (a)')\n",
+"psin=1*10^-6;//in watts\n",
+"ppin=1;//in watts\n",
+"gr=5*10^-14;//mW^-1\n",
+"ap1=60*10^-12;//m^2\n",
+"l=2000;//meter\n",
+"asdb=0.15;//dB/km\n",
+"as=3.39*10^-5;//m^-1\n",
+"apdb=0.20;//db/km\n",
+"ap=4.50*10^-5;//m^-1\n",
+"z=(1-exp(-ap*l))/ap;//\n",
+"y=(gr/ap1);//\n",
+"y1=z*y;//\n",
+"y2=y1-(as*l);//\n",
+"psl=psin*exp(y2);//\n",
+"disp(psl*10^6,'output signal power for forward pumping in micro Watt is')\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp('part (b)')\n",
+"y1=z*y;//\n",
+"y2=y1-(as*l);//\n",
+"psl=psin*exp(y2);//\n",
+"gfra=psl/(psin);//\n",
+"Gdb=10*log10(gfra);//\n",
+"disp(Gdb,'overall gain in dB is')"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}