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+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "# Chapter 16: Acoustics"
+ ]
+ },
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 16.10: Determination_of_sea_depth.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc();\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"//Given :\n",
+"v = 1500; // velocity of ultrasound in m/s\n",
+"rt = 0.8; // recorded time in s\n",
+"t = rt/2; // time in s\n",
+"//Ultrasound velocity = D/t\n",
+"D = v*t; // sea depth in m\n",
+"printf('Depth = %d m',D);"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 16.1: Increase_in_Sound_velocity.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc();\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"//Given :\n",
+"delta_t = 1; // temperature in degrees\n",
+"t1 = 27; // temperature in degrees\n",
+"//Ratio = v2/v1 = 1+ (delta_t/(t1+273))\n",
+"Ratio = 1 + (delta_t /(2*(t1+273)));\n",
+"v1 = 343;// speed of sound at room temperature in m/s\n",
+"v2 = v1*Ratio; // speed of sound in air in m/s\n",
+"delta_v = v2-v1; // speed in m/s\n",
+"printf('Ratio = %.4f \n',Ratio);\n",
+"printf('delta_v = %.1f m/s',delta_v);"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 16.2: Limits_of_displacement_amplitudes.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc();\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"//Given :\n",
+"p_rms = 0.0002; // in microbar\n",
+"p_rms1 = 20; // in pascal\n",
+"v = 343; // speed of sound in m/s\n",
+"rho_0 = 1.21; // density of air in kg/m^3\n",
+"f = 1000; // frequency in Hz\n",
+"// p_rms = pm_min/(2)^0.5\n",
+"//1 microbar = 0.1 N/m^2\n",
+"pm_min = sqrt(2)*p_rms*0.1; //in N/m^2\n",
+"// 1 pascal = 1 N/m^2\n",
+"pm_max =sqrt(2)*p_rms1*1; // in N/m^2\n",
+"// sm = pm/(v*rho_0*omega);\n",
+"//omega = 2*pi*f\n",
+"sm_min = pm_min/(v*rho_0*2*%pi*f); // displacement amplitude in m\n",
+"sm_max = pm_max/(v*rho_0*2*%pi*f);// displacement amplitude in m\n",
+"printf('Minimum displacement amplitude = %.2f pm \n',sm_min*10^12);\n",
+"printf('Maximum displacement amplitude = %.0f mu m',sm_max*10^6);"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 16.3: Imax_by_Imi.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc();\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"//Given :\n",
+"sm_min = 11*10^-12;// Minimum displacement amplitude in m\n",
+"sm_max = 11*10^-6;// Maximum displacement amplitude in m\n",
+"v = 343;// speed of sound in m/s\n",
+"f = 1000; // frequency in Hz\n",
+"rho_0 = 1.21; // density of air in kg/m^3\n",
+"// Sound intensity = (rho_0*v*omega^2*sm^2)/2\n",
+"//omega = 2*pi*f\n",
+"I_max = (rho_0*v*((2*%pi*f)^2)*(sm_max^2))/2; // Maximum Intensity\n",
+"I_min = (rho_0*v*((2*%pi*f)^2)*(sm_min^2))/2; // Minimum Intensity\n",
+"Ratio = I_max/I_min ;\n",
+"printf('I_max/I_min = %.1f x 10^12 ', Ratio*10^-12);"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 16.4: Sound_intensities.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc();\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"//Given :\n",
+"I0 = 10^-12; // in W/m^2\n",
+"beta1 = 0; // in dB\n",
+"beta2 = 60;// in dB\n",
+"beta3 = 120; // in dB\n",
+"// Intensity level = beta = 10*log10(I/I0)\n",
+"I1 = 10^(beta1/10)*I0; // Intensity in W/m^2\n",
+"I2 = 10^(beta2/10)*I0; // Intensity in W/m^2\n",
+"I3 = 10^(beta3/10)*I0; // Intensity in W/m^2\n",
+"printf('Hearing Threshold : %.1f x 10^-12 W/m^2 \n',I1*10^12);\n",
+"printf('Speech Activity : %.1f x 10^-6 W/m^2 \n',I2*10^6);\n",
+"printf('Pain Threshold : %.1f W/m^2',I3);"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 16.5: Determination_of_reverberation_time.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc();\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"//Given :\n",
+"l = 200; // in ft\n",
+"b = 50; // in ft\n",
+"h = 30;// in ft\n",
+"alpha = 0.25; //average absorption coefficient\n",
+"V = l*b*h; // Volume in ft^3\n",
+"S = 2*((l*b)+(l*h)+(b*h)); //total surface area in ft^2\n",
+"a = alpha*S;// in sabins\n",
+"T = (0.049*V)/a; // reverberation time in s\n",
+"//400 people present in the auditorium, 1 person is equivalent to 4.5 sabins\n",
+"a1 = a+ 400*4.5; // in sabins\n",
+"T1 = (0.049*V)/a1;// reverberation time in s\n",
+"printf('For auditorium : %.2f s \n',T);\n",
+"printf('When people are present %.2f s',T1);"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 16.6: Determination_of_unknown_absorption_coefficient.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc();\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"//Given :\n",
+"V = 9*10*11; // Volume in ft^3\n",
+"T = 4; // reverberation time in s\n",
+"S = 2*((9*10)+(10*11)+(11*9));// total surface area in ft^2\n",
+"//T = (0.049*V)/(alpha*S)\n",
+"alpha = (0.049*V)/(S*T);//average absorption coefficient \n",
+"T1 = 1.3; // reverberation time in s\n",
+"S1 = 50; // total surface area in ft^2\n",
+"alpha_e =(((0.049*V)/S1)*((1/T1)-(1/T))) + alpha ; // effective absorption coefficient \n",
+"printf('alpha = %.2f \n',alpha);\n",
+"printf('alpha_e = %.2f ',alpha_e);"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 16.7: Use_of_ultrasound_by_bats.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc();\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"//Given :\n",
+"v = 343; // velocity of sound in m/s\n",
+"lambda = 1; // wavelength in cm\n",
+"// 1 cm = 1.0*10^-2 m\n",
+"f = v/(lambda*10^-2); //frequency in Hz\n",
+"printf('Frequency is %.1f kHz',f*10^-3);"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 16.8: Ultrasonic_generators.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc();\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"//Given :\n",
+"E1 = 8.55*10^10; //Modulus of elasticity in N/m^2\n",
+"E2 = 21*10^10; // Modulus of elasticity in N/m^2\n",
+"rho1 = 2650; // density of Quartz in kg/m^3\n",
+"rho2 = 8800;// density of Nickel in kg/m^3\n",
+"t = 2; // thickness of crystal in mm\n",
+"l = 50; // rod length in mm\n",
+"//Piezoelectric generator\n",
+"printf('Piezoelectric generator \n\n');\n",
+"for n = 1:3\n",
+" // 1 mm = 1.0*10^-3 m\n",
+" nu1 = (n/(2*t*10^-3))*sqrt(E1/rho1);// frequency in Hz \n",
+" printf('For n = %d , Frequency = %.2f MHz\n',n,nu1*10^-6);\n",
+"end\n",
+"//Magnetostriction generator\n",
+"printf('Magnetostriction generator\n\n');\n",
+"for n1 = 1:3\n",
+" // 1 mm = 1.0*10^-3 m\n",
+" nu2 = (n1/(2*l*10^-3))*sqrt(E2/rho2);// frequency in Hz \n",
+" printf('For n = %d , Frequency = %.1f kHz\n',n1,nu2*10^-3);\n",
+"end\n",
+"//Results differ from those in textbook, because in the formulae (n/(2*t))*sqrt(E/rho) and (n/(2*l))*sqrt(E/rho) , 2 is not multiplied with either t or l."
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 16.9: Noise_pollutio.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc();\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"//Given :\n",
+"I0 = 10^-12; // in W/m^2\n",
+"beta1 = 110; // in dB\n",
+"beta2 = 150;// in dB\n",
+"beta3 = 180; // in dB\n",
+"// Intensity level = beta = 10*log10(I/I0)\n",
+"I1 = 10^(beta1/10)*I0; // Intensity in W/m^2\n",
+"I2 = 10^(beta2/10)*I0; // Intensity in W/m^2\n",
+"I3 = 10^(beta3/10)*I0; // Intensity in W/m^2\n",
+"printf('Amplified Rock Music : %.2f W/m^2 \n',I1);\n",
+"printf('Jet plane : %.1f x 10^3 W/m^2 \n',I2*10^-3);\n",
+"printf('Rocket engine : %.1f x 10^6 W/m^2',I3*10^-6);"
+ ]
+ }
+],
+"metadata": {
+ "kernelspec": {
+ "display_name": "Scilab",
+ "language": "scilab",
+ "name": "scilab"
+ },
+ "language_info": {
+ "file_extension": ".sce",
+ "help_links": [
+ {
+ "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+ "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+ }
+ ],
+ "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+ "name": "scilab",
+ "version": "0.7.1"
+ }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
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