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+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 1: Introduction to solid state electronics"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.10: hole_concentration_and_conductivity.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.10: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"nh=2*10^21;// acceptor atoms in atoms/m^3\n",
+"Na=nh;\n",
+"format('e',8)\n",
+"disp(Na,'(i). hole concentration,Na(atoms/m^3) = ')\n",
+"mu_h=0.17;// mobility of holes in m^2/V-s\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// in C\n",
+"sigma=nh*mu_h*e;\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(sigma,'conductivity,(ohm^-1-m^-1) = ')\n",
+"//conductivity is calculated wrong in the book"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.11: donor_concentration.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.11: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"p=0.15;// in ohm-m\n",
+"mu_e=0.39;// mobility of electron in m^2/V-s\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// in C\n",
+"Na=1/(e*mu_e*p);\n",
+"format('e',9)\n",
+"disp(Na,'The value of donor concentration,Na(m^-3) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.12: resistivity.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.12: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"mu_n=0.13;// in m^2/V-s\n",
+"mu_p=0.05;// in m^2/V-s\n",
+"ni=1.5*10^16;// in m^-3\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// in C\n",
+"p=1/((e*ni)*(mu_n+mu_p));\n",
+"format('v',7)\n",
+"disp(p,'The resistivity,p(ohm-m) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.13: current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.13: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// electron charge in coulombs\n",
+"k=1.38*10^-23;//Boltzmann constant in m^2-kg/s^2-K^-1\n",
+"T=300;//in Kelvin\n",
+"Vt=(k*T)/e;//in V\n",
+"I=240;//in mA\n",
+"eta=2;//\n",
+"Ve=0.8;//in V\n",
+"V=0.7;//in V\n",
+"Id=I*exp((V-Ve)/(eta*Vt));//in mA\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(round(Id),'(i) Current is ,(mA)=')\n",
+"Ir=(I/((exp(Ve/(eta*Vt)))-1))*10^6;//\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(round(Ir),'(ii) reverse saturation current is ,(nA)=')\n",
+"//reverse saturation current is calculated wrong in the textbook"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.14: diode_current_and_voltage.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.14: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// electron charge in coulombs\n",
+"k=1.38*10^-23;//Boltzmann constant in m^2-kg/s^2-K^-1\n",
+"T=300;//in Kelvin\n",
+"Vt=(k*T)/e;//in V\n",
+"Ir1=10^-10;//in A\n",
+"Ir2=10^-12;//in A\n",
+"V21=((Vt)*log10(Ir1/Ir2))*2.3026;//in V\n",
+"V211=0.5;//in V\n",
+"V2=(1/2)*(V21+V211);//in V\n",
+"V1=(1/2)*(V211-V21);//in V\n",
+"I1=Ir2*exp(V2/Vt)*10^6;//in micro-A\n",
+"I2=I1;//\n",
+"format('v',8)\n",
+"disp(V2,'diode voltage V2 is ,(V)=')\n",
+"disp(V1,'diode voltage V1 is ,(V)=')\n",
+"format('v',7)\n",
+"disp(I1,'diode current is,(micro-A)=')\n",
+"//diode current is calculated wrong in the textbook"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.15: voltage.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.15: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// electron charge in coulombs\n",
+"k=1.38*10^-23;//Boltzmann constant in m^2-kg/s^2-K^-1\n",
+"T=300;//in Kelvin\n",
+"Vt=(k*T)/e;//in V\n",
+"Ir1=10^-12;//in A\n",
+"Ir2=10^-10;//in A\n",
+"I21=Ir2/Ir1;//\n",
+"It=2;//mA\n",
+"I1=It/(1+I21)*10^3;//in micro-A\n",
+"I2=It*10^3-I1;//in micro-A\n",
+"I1=I2/I21;//in micro-A\n",
+"x=((I1*10^-6)/Ir1);//\n",
+"V=Vt*log10(x)*2.3026;//in V\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(V,'diode voltage is ,(V)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.16: voltage.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.16: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"T=27;//degree Celsius\n",
+"Tk=273+T;//in Kelvin\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// electron charge in coulombs\n",
+"k=1.38*10^-23;//Boltzmann constant in m^2-kg/s^2-K^-1\n",
+"J=10^4;//in Amp/m^2\n",
+"Jo=200;//in mA/m^2\n",
+"x=(J/(Jo*10^-3));//\n",
+"Ve=((log(x))*k*Tk)/e;//in V\n",
+"disp(Ve,'voltage to be applied is ,(V)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.17: resistance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.17: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"V=3;//in V\n",
+"I=55;//in mA\n",
+"Rdc=V/(I*10^-3);//in ohm\n",
+"V2=26;//in mV\n",
+"Rac=V2/I;//in ohm\n",
+"disp(Rdc,'static resistance is ,(ohm)=')\n",
+"disp(Rac,'dynamic resistance is ,(ohm)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.18: resistance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.18: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"k=1.38*10^-23;// constant\n",
+"T=27+273;// in K\n",
+"eta=2;\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// in C\n",
+"Vt=(k*T/e);// in V\n",
+"V=0.5;// in V\n",
+"Ir=10^-6;// in A\n",
+"I=(Ir*10^3*(exp(V/(eta*Vt))-1));// in A\n",
+"R_dc=V*10^3/I;\n",
+"disp(R_dc,'static resistance,R_dc(ohm) = ')\n",
+"R_ac=(eta*k*T)/(e*I*10^-3);\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(R_ac,'Dynamic resistance,R_ac(ohm) = ')\n",
+"// answer is wrong in textbook"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.19: resistance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.19: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"V=1.2;// in V\n",
+"Vk=0.7;// in V\n",
+"I_F=100;// in mA\n",
+"R_B=(V-Vk)/(I_F*10^-3);\n",
+"V_R=10;// in V\n",
+"I_R=1;// in micro-A\n",
+"R_R=V_R/I_R;\n",
+"format('v',3)\n",
+"disp(R_B,'the bulk resistance,R_B(ohm) = ')\n",
+"disp(R_R,'the reverse resistance,R_R(M-ohm) = ')\n",
+"eta=2;\n",
+"I=5;// in  mA\n",
+"R_ac=eta*26/I;\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(R_ac,'ac resistance,R_ac(ohm) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.1: ne.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.1: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"ni=1.5*10^16;// in m^-3\n",
+"nh=4.5*10^22;// in m^-3\n",
+"ne=ni^2/nh;\n",
+"format('e',8)\n",
+"disp(ne,' ne in the doped silicon is,(m^-3) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.20: capacitance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.20: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"epsilon_0=8.85*10^-12;// in farada/m\n",
+"K=12;// constant for silicon\n",
+"epsilon=epsilon_0*K\n",
+"A=1*10^-8;// in m^2\n",
+"W=5*10^-7;// in m\n",
+"Ct=epsilon*A*10^14/W;\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(Ct,'the transition capacitance,Ct(PF)  = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.21: resistance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.21: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"V=0.2;// in V\n",
+"I=1;// in micro-A\n",
+"R_dc=V*10^3/I;\n",
+"R_ac=26/(I*10^3);\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(R_dc,'The static resistance,R_ac(k-ohm) = ')\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(R_ac,'the dynamic resistance,R_ac(ohm) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.2: resistivity.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.2: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"ne=8*10^19;// in m^-3\n",
+"nh=5*10^18;// in m^-3\n",
+"mu_e=2.3;// in m^2/V-s\n",
+"mu_h=.01;// in m^2/V-s\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// in V\n",
+"p=1/(e*((ne*mu_e)+(nh*mu_h)));\n",
+"format('e',8)\n",
+"disp(p,'(b) the resistivity,p(ohm-m)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.3: density.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.3: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"sigma=500;// in ohm^-1 m^-1\n",
+"mu_e=.39;// m^2/V-s\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// in V\n",
+"ne=sigma/(e*mu_e);\n",
+"format('e',9)\n",
+"disp(ne,'number density of donor,ne(m^-3) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.4: density.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.4: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// in V\n",
+"Pp=10^-2;// p-type silicon in ohm-m\n",
+"Pn=10^-2;// n-type silicon in ohm-m\n",
+"mu_p=0.048;// holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"mu_n=0.135;// electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"Na=1/(e*mu_p*Pp);\n",
+"Nd=1/(e*mu_n*Pn);\n",
+"format('e',8)\n",
+"disp(Na,'(i). the density of impurity,Na (m^-3) = ')\n",
+"format('e',9)\n",
+"disp(Nd,'(ii). the density of impurity,Nd (m^-3) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.5: resistivity.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.5: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// in V\n",
+"n=2.5*10^19;//m^3\n",
+"p=n;//\n",
+"ni=n;//\n",
+"mu_p=0.17;// holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"mu_n=0.36;// electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"sgint=e*(ni*(mu_p+mu_n));//electrical conductivity in mho/metre\n",
+"pint=1/sgint;//resistivity in ohm-meter\n",
+"disp(sgint,'electrical conductivity is ,(mho/metre)=')\n",
+"disp(pint,'resistivity is ,(ohm-metre)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.6: conductivity.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.6: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('e',9)\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// in V\n",
+"ni=1.5*10^16;//in m^3\n",
+"mu_p=0.13;// holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"mu_n=0.05;// electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"sgint=e*(ni*(mu_p+mu_n));//electrical conductivity in mho/m\n",
+"siat=10^8;//number of silicon atoms\n",
+"ta=5*10^28;//silicon atoms in atoms/m^3\n",
+"Nd=ta/siat;// in atoms/m^3\n",
+"p= ni^2/Nd;//holes concentration in holes/m^3\n",
+"n=Nd;//\n",
+"mu_n=0.13;// electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"sntype=e*n*mu_n;// in mho/m\n",
+"disp(sgint,'(i) electrical conductivity is ,(mhos/m)=')\n",
+"format('e',8)\n",
+"disp(p,'(ii) holes concentration is, (holes/m^3)=')\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(sntype,'(ii) conductivity is ,(mho/m)=')\n",
+"siat=10^8;//number of silicon atoms\n",
+"ta=5*10^28;//silicon atoms in atoms/m^3\n",
+"Na=ta/siat;// in atoms/m^3\n",
+"n= ni^2/Na;//holes concentration in holes/m^3\n",
+"p=Na;//\n",
+"mu_p=0.05;//holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"sptype=e*p*mu_p;// in mho/m\n",
+"format('e',8)\n",
+"disp(n,'(iii) electron concentration is, (holes/m^3)=')\n",
+"format('v',3)\n",
+"disp(sptype,'(iii) conductivity is ,(mho/m)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.7: fremi_level.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.7: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"//Nd1=Nc*exp^-(Ec-Ef1)/kT ...Formula Used\n",
+"Nc=1;//assume\n",
+"kT=0.03;//eV\n",
+"EcEf1=0.5;//position of Fermi level in V\n",
+"Nd=1;//assume\n",
+"Nd1=3*Nd;//After tripling the donor concentration\n",
+"EcEf2=(EcEf1-(kT*(log(Nd1/Nd))));//in eV\n",
+"disp(EcEf2,'new position of Fermi-level is ,(eV)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.8: density.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.8: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// in V\n",
+"Pp=10^-1;// p-type silicon in ohm-m\n",
+"Pn=10^-1;// n-type silicon in ohm-m\n",
+"mu_h=0.05;// holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"mu_e=0.13;// electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"Na=1/(e*mu_h*Pp);\n",
+"Nd=1/(e*mu_e*Pn);\n",
+"format('e',9)\n",
+"disp(Na,'(i). the density of impurity,Na (m^-3) = ')\n",
+"format('e',8)\n",
+"disp(Nd,'(ii). the density of impurity,Nd (m^-3) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.9: current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 1.9: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// in V\n",
+"Pp=10^-1;// p-type silicon in ohm-m\n",
+"Pn=10^-1;// n-type silicon in ohm-m\n",
+"mu_hsi=0.048;// holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"mu_esi=0.135;// electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"nisi=1.5*10^16;//in m^-3\n",
+"nesi=nisi;//\n",
+"nhsi=nisi;//\n",
+"mu_hge=0.19;// holes mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"mu_ege=0.39;// electrons mobilities in m^2/V-s\n",
+"A=1*10^-4;//area in m^2\n",
+"nige=2.4*10^19;//in m^-3\n",
+"V=2;//in V\n",
+"l=0.1;//in m\n",
+"Isi= e*A*(V/l)*((nesi*mu_esi)+(nhsi*mu_hsi));//in A\n",
+"format('e',8)\n",
+"disp(Isi,'Total current for silicon is,(A)=')\n",
+"//Current for silicon is calculated wrong in the textbook\n",
+"nege=nige;//\n",
+"nhge=nige;//\n",
+"Ige= e*A*(V/l)*((nege*mu_ege)+(nhge*mu_hge));//in A\n",
+"format('e',9)\n",
+"disp(Ige,'Total current for germanium is,(A)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/10-The_Unijunction_Transistor.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/10-The_Unijunction_Transistor.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58b7b83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/10-The_Unijunction_Transistor.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 10: The Unijunction Transistor"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.1: stand_off_and_peak_point_voltage.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 10.1: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Vbb=20;// in V\n",
+"eta=0.6;// instrinsic stand off ratio \n",
+"Vb=0.7;// in V\n",
+"sov=eta*Vbb;// Stand off voltage\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(sov,'(i). Stand off voltage,(V) = ')\n",
+"Vp=(eta*Vbb)+Vb;\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(Vp,'(ii). Peak point voltage,Vp(V) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.2: time_period.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 10.2: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Vbb=20;// in V\n",
+"C=100;//in micro-farad\n",
+"R=100;//in kilo-ohms\n",
+"Vp=10;// in V\n",
+"eta=Vp/Vbb;// instrinsic stand off ratio \n",
+"T= ((C*10^-12*R*10^3 *log(1/(1-eta))))*10^7;//in micro-seconds\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(T,'time period of the saw  tooth waveform generated is ,(micro-seconds)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.3: resistance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 10.3: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"eta=0.6;// instrinsic stand off ratio \n",
+"Rbb=10;// interbase resistance in k-ohm\n",
+"Rb1=eta*Rbb;\n",
+"Rb2=Rbb-Rb1;\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Rb1,'Resistance,Rb1(k-ohm) = ')\n",
+"disp(Rb2,'Resistance,Rb1(k-ohm) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/2-Special_Purpose_Diodes.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/2-Special_Purpose_Diodes.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5445af6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/2-Special_Purpose_Diodes.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 2: Special Purpose Diodes"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 2.1: maximum_current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 2.1: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Pmax=364;//dissipation in milliwatt\n",
+"Vz=9.1;//in V\n",
+"Izmax=Pmax/Vz;//in mA\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Izmax,'maximum current the diode can handle is ,(mA)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 2.2: resistance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 2.2: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"mip=15;//in volt\n",
+"op=6.8;//output potential in volt\n",
+"pd=mip-op;//potential difference across series resistor\n",
+"Il=5;//load current in mA\n",
+"nmip=20;//new maximum input voltage in volt\n",
+"pd1=nmip-op;//new potential difference across series resistor\n",
+"Il1=20;//new load current in mA\n",
+"R=((pd1-pd)/((Il1-Il)*10^-3));//resistance in ohm\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(R,'value of series resistance is,(ohm)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 2.3: current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 2.3: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"V=120;//in V\n",
+"Vz=50;//in V\n",
+"vd5=V-Vz;//voltage drop across 5 ohm resistor\n",
+"R=5;// in ohm\n",
+"I5=vd5/R;//current through 5 ohm resistor\n",
+"Rl=10;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Il=Vz/(Rl*10^3);//current through load resistor\n",
+"Iz=I5-Il;//in A\n",
+"format('v',7)\n",
+"disp(Iz,'current through zener diode is ,(A)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/3-Bi_Polar_Junction_Transistor.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/3-Bi_Polar_Junction_Transistor.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cab2a09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/3-Bi_Polar_Junction_Transistor.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,535 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 3: Bi Polar Junction Transistor"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.10: error.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.10: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Beta=100;// constant\n",
+"Ib=20*10^-6;// in A\n",
+"I_co=500*10^-9;// in A\n",
+"Ic1=((Beta*Ib)+(1+Beta)*I_co)*10^3;\n",
+"Ic2=(Beta*Ib)*10^3;\n",
+"Error=(Ic1-Ic2)*100/Ic1;\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(Error,'The error,(%) = ')\n",
+"//answer is wrong in the txtbook"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.11: change_in_base_current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.11: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"alfa=0.98;// \n",
+"del_Ie=5;// in mA\n",
+"del_Ic=alfa*del_Ie;// in mA\n",
+"del_Ib=del_Ie-del_Ic;\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(del_Ib,'change in base current,(mA) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.12: collector_current_base_current_and_alfa.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.12: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Ie=8.4; // in mA\n",
+"cr=0.8/100;// carriers recombine in base in %\n",
+"Ib=cr*Ie;\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(Ib,'(a). The base current,Ib(mA) = ')\n",
+"Ic=Ie-Ib;\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(Ic,'(b). The collector current,Ic(mA) = ')\n",
+"alfa=Ic/Ie;\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(alfa,'(c). the value of alfa = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.13: ac_current_gain.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.13: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Ie1=20;// in mA\n",
+"Ie2=15;// in mA\n",
+"Ib1=0.48;// in mA\n",
+"Ib2=0.32;// in mA\n",
+"del_Ie=(Ie1-Ie2)*10^-3;// in A\n",
+"del_Ib=(Ib1-Ib2)*10^-3;// in A\n",
+"del_Ic=del_Ie-del_Ib;// in A\n",
+"alfa=del_Ic/del_Ie;// \n",
+"Beta=del_Ic/del_Ib;\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(alfa,'ac current gain in common base arrangement, = ')\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Beta,'ac current gain in common emitter arrangement, = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.14: Beta_Iceo_and_collector_current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.14: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"alfa=0.992;// constant\n",
+"Beta=alfa/(1-alfa);\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(Beta,'(a) Beta= ')\n",
+"I_CBO=48*10^-9;// in A\n",
+"I_CEO=(1+Beta)*I_CBO*10^6;\n",
+"format('v',3)\n",
+"disp(I_CEO,'(a) I_CEO (micro-A) = ')\n",
+"Ib=30*10^-6;// in A\n",
+"Ic=((Beta*Ib)+(1+Beta)*I_CBO)*10^3;\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(Ic,'(b) Collector current,Ic(mA) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.15: collector_current_alfa_and_beta.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.15: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"Ie=9.6;//emitter current in mA\n",
+"Ib=0.08;//base current in mA\n",
+"Ic=Ie-Ib;//\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(Ic,'(a). collector current,Ic(mA) = ')\n",
+"alfa=Ic/Ie;\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(alfa,'(b). alfa = ')\n",
+"alfa=0.99;//\n",
+"Beta=alfa/(1-alfa)\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Beta,'(c). Beta = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.16: collector_current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.16: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Ib=68*10^-6;// in A\n",
+"Ie=30*10^-3;// in A\n",
+"Beta=440;// constant\n",
+"alfa=Beta/(1+Beta);\n",
+"Ic=alfa*Ie*10^3;\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(Ic,'Collector current,Ic(mA) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.1: varitation_in_alpha_and_value_of_beta.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.1: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Beta=50;//amlification factor\n",
+"dbb=1;//percentage variation in degree celsius\n",
+"daa=dbb/50;//variation in degree celsius\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(daa,'(i) variation in alpha for a silicon BJT is ,(%/degree-Celsius)=')\n",
+"temp=325;//in K\n",
+"t=25;//degree celsius\n",
+"Beta1=dbb*t;//in %\n",
+"nBeta=Beta+(Beta1/100)*t;//\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(nBeta,'new value of Beta is ,=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.2: current_amplification_factor.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.2: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"del_Ic=1*10^-3;// in A\n",
+"del_Ib=50*10^-6;// in A\n",
+"Beta=del_Ic/del_Ib;\n",
+"disp(Beta,'The current amplification factor,Beta = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.3: base_current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.3: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"alfa=0.88;\n",
+"Ie=1;// in mA\n",
+"Ic=alfa*Ie;// in mA\n",
+"I_B=Ie-Ic;\n",
+"disp(I_B,'Base current,(mA) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.4: short_circuit_current_gain.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.4: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"del_Ic=0.95*10^-3;// in A\n",
+"del_Ie=1*10^-3;// in A\n",
+"alfa=del_Ic/del_Ie;\n",
+"disp(alfa,'the short circuit current gain, = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.5: collector_and_base_current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.5: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"Ie=5*10^-3;// in A\n",
+"alfa=0.95;\n",
+"I_co=10*10^-6;// in A\n",
+"Ic=((alfa*Ie)+I_co)*10^3;\n",
+"Ib=(Ie-(Ic*10^-3))*10^6;\n",
+"disp(Ic,'Collector current,(mA) = ')\n",
+"disp(Ib,'Base current,(micro-A) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.6: Ic_Ib_and_Iceo.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.6: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Ie=5;// in mA\n",
+"alfa=0.99;\n",
+"I_co=0.005;// in mA\n",
+"Ic=((alfa*Ie)+I_co);\n",
+"Ib=(Ie-Ic);\n",
+"Beta=alfa/(1-alfa);\n",
+"I_CEO=I_co/(1-alfa);\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(Ic,'Ic,(mA) = ')\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Ib*10^3,'Ib,(micro-A) = ')\n",
+"disp(Beta,'Beta = ')\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(I_CEO*10^3,'I_CEO(micro-A) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.7: change_in_collector_current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.7: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"alfa=0.9;// constant\n",
+"Beta=alfa/(1-alfa);\n",
+"Del_Ib=4;// in mA\n",
+"Del_Ic=Beta*Del_Ib;\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Del_Ic,'the change in the collector current,(mA) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.8: emitter_current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.8: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Beta=40;\n",
+"Ib=25;// base current in micro-A\n",
+"Ic=Beta*Ib;\n",
+"Ie=(Ib+Ic)*10^-3;\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(Ie,'Ie,(mA) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.9: beta.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 3.9: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"alfa=0.98;// constant\n",
+"Beta=alfa/(1-alfa);\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Beta,'Beta =  ')"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/4-Small_signal_amplifiers.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/4-Small_signal_amplifiers.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab2029e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/4-Small_signal_amplifiers.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,741 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 4: Small signal amplifiers"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.10: maximum_collector_current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.10: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"Bv=12;//battery voltage in V\n",
+"P=2;// power in Watt\n",
+"Ic=(P/Bv)*10^3;\n",
+"disp(Ic,'The maximum collector current,Ic(mA) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.11: gai.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.11: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"del_ic=1;// in mA\n",
+"del_ib=10;// in micro-A\n",
+"del_Vbe=0.02;// in V\n",
+"del_ib=10*10^-6;// in A\n",
+"Rc=2;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Rl=10;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Beta=del_ic/(del_ib*10^3);//\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(Beta,'Current gain,Beta = ')\n",
+"Ri=(del_Vbe/del_ib)*10^-3;\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Ri,'Input impedence,Ri(k-ohm) = ')\n",
+"Rac=Rc*Rl/(Rc+Rl);\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(Rac,'Effective load,Rac(k-ohm) = ')\n",
+"Av=round(Beta*Rac/Ri);\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Av,'Voltage gain,Av = ')\n",
+"Ap=Beta*Av;\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(Ap,'power gain,Ap = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.12: output_voltage.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.12: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Rc=10;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Rl=10;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Beta=100;\n",
+"Ri=2.5;\n",
+"Iv=2;// input voltage in mV\n",
+"Rac=Rc*Rl/(Rc+Rl);\n",
+"Av=round(Beta*Rac/Ri);\n",
+"Ov=Av*Iv*10^-3;\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Ov,'Output voltage,(V) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.13: gain_and_resistance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.13: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"I=1;\n",
+"hfe=46;\n",
+"hoe=80*10^-6;// in mho\n",
+"hre=5.4*10^-4;\n",
+"hie=800;// in ohm\n",
+"RL=5*10^3;// in ohm\n",
+"Aie=hfe/(I+(hoe*RL));\n",
+"Zie=hie-(hre*RL*Aie);\n",
+"Ave=(Aie*RL)/Zie;\n",
+"Rg=500;// in ohm\n",
+"Zoe=((hie+Rg)/(hoe*(hie+Rg)-(hfe*hre)))/10^3;\n",
+"Ape=Aie*Ave;\n",
+"disp(Aie,'Current gain,Aie = ')\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(Zie,'Input resistance,Zie(ohm) = ')\n",
+"disp(Ave,'Voltage gain,Ave = ')\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(Zoe,'Output resistance,Zoe(k-ohm) = ')\n",
+"format('v',7)\n",
+"disp(Ape,'Power gain,Ape = ')\n",
+"//voltage gain and power gain are calculated wrong in the textbook"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.14: gain_and_voltage.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.14: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"A=100;//gain without feedback\n",
+"Beta=1/25;//feed back ratio\n",
+"Af=(A/(1+(Beta*A)));//gain with feedback\n",
+"disp(Af,'(i) gain with feedback is ,=')\n",
+"ff=Beta*A;//feedback factor\n",
+"disp(ff,'feedback factor is,=')\n",
+"vi=50;//mV\n",
+"Vo=Af*vi*10^-3;//in V\n",
+"disp(Vo,'output voltage is ,(V)=')\n",
+"fv=Beta*Vo;//in V\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(fv,'feedback voltage is ,(V)=')\n",
+"vin=vi*(1+Beta*A);//mV\n",
+"disp(vin,'new increased input voltage is ,(mV)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.15: voltage_gai.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.15: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"A=1000;//gain without feedback\n",
+"fctr=0.40;//gain reduction factor\n",
+"Af=A-fctr*A;//gain with feedback\n",
+"Beta=((A/Af)-1)/A;//feed back ratio\n",
+"A2=800 ;//redued gain\n",
+"Af2=((A2)/(1+(Beta*A2)));//\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(Af2,'(i) voltage gain  is ,=')\n",
+"prfb= ((A-A2)/A)*100;//percentage reduction without feedback\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(prfb,'(ii) percentage reduction without feedback is,(%)=')\n",
+"prwfb= ((Af-Af2)/Af)*100;//percentage reduction without feedback\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(prwfb,'percentage reduction with feedback is,(%)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.16: small_change_in_gain.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.16: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"A=200;//gain without feedback\n",
+"Beta=0.25;//feed back ratio\n",
+"gc=10;//percent gain change\n",
+"dA=gc/100;//\n",
+"dAf= ((1/(1+Beta*A)))*dA;//\n",
+"format('v',7)\n",
+"disp(dAf,'small change in gain is,=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.17: input_voltage.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.17: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"A=200;//gain without feedback\n",
+"Beta=0.05;//feed back ratio\n",
+"Af=(A/(1+(Beta*A)));//gain with feedback\n",
+"disp(Af,' gain with negative feedback is ,=')\n",
+"Dn=10;//percentage distortion\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"Dn1=(Dn/(1+A*Beta));//percentage Distortion with negative feedback\n",
+"ff=Beta*A;//feedback factor\n",
+"vo=0.5;//initial output voltage\n",
+"vi=A*vo;//in V\n",
+"vin=vi/Af;//in V\n",
+"disp(Dn1,'percentage Distortion with negative feedback is ,(%)=')\n",
+"disp(vin,'new input voltage is ,(V)=')\n",
+"//gain and input voltage are calculated wrong in the textbook   "
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.18: percentage_of_feedback.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.18: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"A=50;//gain without feedback\n",
+"Af=10;//gain with feedback\n",
+"Beta=(((A/Af)-1)/A)*100;//feed back ratio\n",
+"disp(Beta,' percentage of feedback is ,(%)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.19: band_width.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.19: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"Bw=200;//bandwidth in kHz\n",
+"vg=40;//dB\n",
+"fb=5;//percentage negetive feedback\n",
+"A=40;//gain without feedback\n",
+"Beta=fb/100;//feed back ratio\n",
+"Af=(A/(1+(Beta*A)));//gain with feedback\n",
+"Bwf= (A*Bw)/Af;//Bandwidth with feedback\n",
+"disp(Bwf,' new band-width is ,(kHz)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.1: voltage.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.1: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"Rc=4.7;// in ohm\n",
+"Vcc=24;// in V\n",
+"Ic=1.5;//in mA\n",
+"//this is given as 15 mA in textbook which is wrong\n",
+"Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc*10^-3*10^3);//in V\n",
+"disp(Vce,'(i) Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) =  ')\n",
+"Ic1=0;//in A\n",
+"Vce1=Vcc-Ic1*Rc;//in V\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Vce1,'(ii) Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) =  ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.20: percentage_reduction.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.20: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"A=50;//gain without feedback\n",
+"Af=25;//gain with feedback\n",
+"Beta=(((A/Af)-1)/A);//feed back ratio\n",
+"Ad=40;//new gain after ageing\n",
+"Af1=(Ad/(1+(Beta*Ad)));//new gain with feedback\n",
+"df=Af-Af1;// reduction in gain\n",
+"pdf= (df/Af)*100;//percentage reduction in gain\n",
+"disp(pdf,' percentage reduction in gain is ,(%)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.21: Av_and_beta.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.21: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"Af=100;//gain with feeback\n",
+"vi=50;//in mV\n",
+"vi1=60;//in mV\n",
+"AAf=vi1/vi;//\n",
+"A=AAf*Af;//\n",
+"Beta=(((A/Af)-1)/A);//feed back ratio\n",
+"disp(A,'Av is ,=')\n",
+"format('v',8)\n",
+"disp(Beta,' feedback factor is,=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.2: vce.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.2: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Beta=100;\n",
+"Rb=200*10^3;// in ohm\n",
+"Rc=1*10^3;// in ohm\n",
+"Vcc=10;// in V\n",
+"Ib=Vcc/Rb;// in A\n",
+"Ic=Beta*Ib;//in A\n",
+"Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc);\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Vce,'Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) =  ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.3: base_resistance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.3: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"Vcc=20;// in V\n",
+"Vbe=0.7;// in V\n",
+"Rc=2;//in kilo-ohm\n",
+"Icsat= Vcc/Rc;//in mA\n",
+"Beta=200;//\n",
+"Ib=(Icsat/Beta)*10^3;//in micro-A\n",
+"Rb=((Vcc-Vbe)/(Ib))*10^3;//in kilo-ohm\n",
+"disp('Rb < '+string(Rb)+'  kilo-ohm')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.4: operating_point.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.4: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Vcc=15;// in V\n",
+"Rb=200;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Rc=2;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Beta=50;\n",
+"Ib=(Vcc/(Rb*10^3+(Beta*Rc*10^3)))*10^6;//in micro-A\n",
+"Ic=Beta*Ib*10^-3;//in mA\n",
+"Vce=Vcc-(Ic*10^-3*(Rc*10^3));\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Ic,'collector current,Ic(mA) = ')\n",
+"disp(Vce,'Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.5: resistor.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.5: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Vcc=15;// in V\n",
+"Vce=6;// in V\n",
+"Rc=3*10^3;// in ohm\n",
+"Beta=50;\n",
+"Ic=(Vcc-Vce)/Rc;\n",
+"Ib=Ic/Beta;\n",
+"Rb=((Vcc/Ib)-(Beta*Rc))*10^-3;\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(Rb,'The value of resistoe,Rb(k-ohm) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.6: operating_point.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.6: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Vcc=12;// in V\n",
+"Rb1=70;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Rb2=70;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Beta=50;\n",
+"Rc=2;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Ib=Vcc/((Rb1+Rb2+(Beta*Rc))*10^3);\n",
+"Ic=Beta*Ib*10^3;\n",
+"Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc);\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(Ic,'collector current,Ic(mA) = ')\n",
+"disp(Vce,'Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.7: operating_point.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.7: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Vcc=9;// in V\n",
+"Rb=50;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Rc=250;// in ohm\n",
+"Re=500;// in ohm\n",
+"Beta=80;\n",
+"Ib=Vcc/(Rb*10^3+(Beta*Re));\n",
+"Ic=Beta*Ib*10^3;\n",
+"Vce=Vcc-(Ic*10^-3*(Rc+Re));\n",
+"format('v',3)\n",
+"disp(Ic,'collector current,Ic(mA) = ')\n",
+"disp(Vce,'Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.8: operating_point.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.8: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"R2=4;// in k-ohm\n",
+"R1=40;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Vcc=22;// in V\n",
+"Rc=10;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Re=1.5;// in k-ohm\n",
+"Vbe=0.5;// in V\n",
+"Voc=R2*10^3*Vcc/((R1+R2)*10^3);\n",
+"Ic=(Voc-Vbe)/(Re*10^3);\n",
+"Vce=Vcc-(Rc+Re)*Ic*10^3;\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(Vce,'Collector to emitter voltage,Vce(V) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.9: maximum_collector_current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 4.9: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Bv=12;//battery voltage in V\n",
+"Cl=6;//collector load in k-ohm\n",
+"CC=Bv/Cl;\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(CC,'Collector current,(mA) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/5-Power_Amplifiers.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/5-Power_Amplifiers.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5722fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/5-Power_Amplifiers.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 5: Power Amplifiers"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 5.1: efficiency.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 5.1: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Pac=0.1;//in W\n",
+"Vcc=20;//in V\n",
+"Ic=20;//in mA\n",
+"Pdc=Vcc*Ic*10^-3;//in W\n",
+"eta=(Pac/Pdc)*100;//efficiency\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(eta,'efficiency is ,(%)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 5.2: collector_current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 5.2: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Pac=2;//in W\n",
+"Vcc=12;//in V\n",
+"Ic=(Pac*sqrt(2)*sqrt(2))/Vcc;//in A\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(Ic,'maximum collector current is ,(A)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 5.3: collector_efficiency_and_power_rating.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 5.3: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Pac=3;//in W\n",
+"Pdc=10;//in W\n",
+"eta=(Pac/Pdc)*100;//percentage efficieny \n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(eta,'collector efficiency is ,(%)=')\n",
+"disp(Pdc,'power rating of transistor is ,(W)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 5.4: power.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 5.4: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"dIc=100;//in mA\n",
+"Rl=6;//in ohm\n",
+"mv=dIc*Rl*10^-3;//in V\n",
+"pd=mv*dIc;//in mW\n",
+"disp(pd,'(i) power developed in loudspeaker is ,(mW)=')\n",
+"dVc=10;//in V\n",
+"oi=(dVc/dIc)*10^3;//in ohm\n",
+"Rl=6;//in ohm\n",
+"n=sqrt(oi/Rl);//turn ratio of transformer\n",
+"tsv=dVc/n;//om V\n",
+"Il=tsv/Rl;//in A\n",
+"ptr= Il^2*Rl*10^3;//in mW\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(ptr,'(ii) power transferred to loudspeaker is ,(mw)=')\n",
+"//in textbook in second case there is one point deviation in the answer."
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 5.5: power.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 5.5: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"n=10;//turn ratio\n",
+"Rl=10;//ohm\n",
+"Rld=n^2*Rl;//in ohm\n",
+"Ic=100;//in mA\n",
+"Irms=Ic/(sqrt(2));//in mA\n",
+"P=Irms^2*Rld;//in W\n",
+"format('v',3)\n",
+"disp(P*10^-6,'maximum power output is ,(W)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 5.6: harmonic_distortions_and_change_in_power.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 5.6: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"//ie=15*sin 400*t+1.5*sin 800*t + 1.2*sin 1200*t + 0.5*sin 1600*t  given equation\n",
+"I2=1.5;//in A\n",
+"I1=15;//in A\n",
+"I3=1.2;//in A\n",
+"I4=0.5;//in A\n",
+"D2=(I2/I1)*100;//Second percentage harmonic distortion\n",
+"D3=(I3/I1)*100;//Third percentage harmonic distortion\n",
+"//in book I2 is mentioned wrongly in place of I1\n",
+"D4=(I4/I1)*100;//Fourth percentage harmonic distortion\n",
+"disp('part (i)')\n",
+"disp(D2,'Second percentage harmonic distortion (D2) is ,(%)=')\n",
+"disp(D3,'Third percentage harmonic distortion (D3) is ,(%)=')\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(D4,'Fourth percentage harmonic distortion (D4) is ,(%)=')\n",
+"disp('part (ii)')\n",
+"D=sqrt(D2^2+D3^2+D4^2)/100;//Distortion Factor\n",
+"P1=1;//assume\n",
+"P=(1+D^2)*P1;//in W\n",
+"peri=((P-P1)/P1)*100;//percentage increase in power due to distortion\n",
+"disp(peri,'percentage increase in power due to distortion is ,(%)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 5.7: power_dissipated.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 5.7: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Vcc=15;//in V\n",
+"Vpeak=24/2;//in V\n",
+"Rl=100;//in ohm\n",
+"Ipeak= Vpeak/Rl;//in A\n",
+"Pdc=Vcc*(2/(%pi))*Ipeak;//in W\n",
+"pad=(1/2)*(Vpeak^2)/Rl;//in W\n",
+"pd=Pdc-pad;//in W\n",
+"pde=pd/2;//in W\n",
+"disp(pde*10^3,'power dissipated by each transistor is,(mW)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/6-Field_Effect_Transistors.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/6-Field_Effect_Transistors.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..901514b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/6-Field_Effect_Transistors.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 6: Field Effect Transistors"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.1: drain_resistance_transconductance_and_amplification_factor.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 6.1: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Vgs= [0;0;0.3];//in V\n",
+"Vds=[5;10;10];//in V\n",
+"Id=[8;8.2;7.6];//in mA\n",
+"dVds=Vds(2)-Vds(1);//in V\n",
+"dId=Id(2)-Id(1);//in mA\n",
+"rd=(dVds/dId);//in kilo-ohm\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(rd,'(i) A.C. Drain resistance is ,(kilo-ohm)=')\n",
+"dVgs=Vgs(3)-Vgs(2);//in V\n",
+"dId1=Id(2)-Id(3);//in mA\n",
+"gm=dId1/dVgs;//in mA/volt\n",
+"format('v',3)\n",
+"disp(gm,'(ii) Transconductance is ,(mS)=')\n",
+"mu=gm*rd;//A/V\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(mu,'(iii) Amplification factor is ,=')\n",
+"//Transconductance and Amplification factor are calculated wrong in the textbook"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.2: mutual_conductance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 6.2: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"I1=1;// in mA\n",
+"I2=1.2;// in mA\n",
+"del_ID=(I2-I1);\n",
+"V1=-3;// in V\n",
+"V2=-2.9;// in V\n",
+"del_VGS=V2-V1;// in V\n",
+"gm=del_ID/del_VGS;\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(gm,'mutual conductance,gm(mS) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.3: pinch_off_voltage.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 6.3: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"a=5.6*10^-6/2;// channel width in m\n",
+"epsilon0=8.86*10^-12;// in F/m\n",
+"epsilon=12*epsilon0;// in F/m\n",
+"Nd=10^21;// in m^-3\n",
+"e=1.6*10^-19;// in V\n",
+"Vp=e*Nd*a^2/(2*epsilon);\n",
+"disp(Vp,'Pinch off voltage,Vp(V) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.4: ID_gm_and_gmo.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 6.4: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"I_DES=8.7;// in mA\n",
+"V1=-3;// in V\n",
+"V_GS=-1;// in V\n",
+"ID=I_DES*(1-(V_GS/V1))^2;\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(ID,'(i). ID(mA) = ')\n",
+"gmo=-(2*I_DES/V1);\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(gmo,'(ii). gmo(mS) = ')\n",
+"gm=gmo*(1-(V_GS/V1));\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp(gm,'(iii). gm(mA) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.5: Vgs.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 6.5: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"ID=3;// in mA\n",
+"I_DSS=9;// in mA\n",
+"Vp=-4.5;// in V\n",
+"Vgs=-Vp*(sqrt(ID/I_DSS)-1);\n",
+"disp(Vgs,'Vgs(V) = ')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.6: voltage_amplificatio.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 6.6: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"gm=3;//Transconductance in mS\n",
+"rl=10;//load resistance in kilo-ohm\n",
+"av=gm*rl;//\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(av,'the voltage aplification is ,=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.7: output_voltage.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 6.7: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Rl=20;//in kilo-ohm\n",
+"Rs=1;//in kilo-ohm\n",
+"Rg=1;//in M-ohm\n",
+"Cs=25;//in micro-F\n",
+"mu=20;//amplification factor\n",
+"rd=100;//in kilo-ohm\n",
+"vi=2;//in V\n",
+"f=1;//in kilo-Hz\n",
+"Xc=((1/(2*%pi*f*10^3*Cs*10^-6)));//in ohm\n",
+"A=((mu*Rl*10^3)/((rd+Rl)*10^3));//Voltage gain\n",
+"Vo=A*vi;//in V\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(Vo,'amplifier output signal voltage is ,(V)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/9-Silicon_Controlled_Rectifier.ipynb b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/9-Silicon_Controlled_Rectifier.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c0454c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Solid_State_Electronics_by_J_P_Agrawal/9-Silicon_Controlled_Rectifier.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 9: Silicon Controlled Rectifier"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 9.1: average_voltage.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 9.1: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Vm=200;// in V\n",
+"theta=30;//firing angle in degree\n",
+"vdc=((Vm/%pi)*(1+cosd(theta)));//in V\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(round(vdc),'average value of voltage is ,(V)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 9.2: dc_load_current_rms_load_current_amd_power_dissipiated.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 9.2: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Va=300;// in V\n",
+"Vm=300*sqrt(2);//in V\n",
+"Rl=50;//in ohm\n",
+"theta1=90;//firing angle in degree\n",
+"idc=((Vm/(2*%pi*Rl))*(1+cosd(theta1)));//in A\n",
+"format('v',6)\n",
+"disp((idc),'(i) the dc load current is ,(A)=')\n",
+"irms=Va/(2*Rl);//in A\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(round(irms),'(ii) the rms load current is ,(A)=')\n",
+"P=irms^2*Rl;//in W\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(round(P),'(iii) the power dissipated by the load is ,(W)=')"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 9.3: firing_angle_conducting_angle_and_average_current.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 9.3: \n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"//given data :\n",
+"Ih=0;//in A\n",
+"Vi=100;// in V\n",
+"Vm=200;//in V\n",
+"Rl=100;//in ohm\n",
+"theta1=asind(Vi/Vm);//firing angle in degree\n",
+"ca=180-theta1;//conducting angle in dehree\n",
+"format('v',4)\n",
+"disp(theta1,'(i) firing angle is ,(degree)=')\n",
+"format('v',5)\n",
+"disp(ca,'(ii) conducting angle is ,(degree)=')\n",
+"av=((Vm/(2*%pi))*(1+cosd(theta1)));//in V\n",
+"ac=av/Rl;//in A\n",
+"format('v',7)\n",
+"disp(ac,'(iii) average current is ,(A)=')\n",
+"//average current is wrong in the textbook"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}