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//===========================================================================
//chapter 6 example 9
clc;clear all;
//variable declaration
Rm = 25; //instrument resistance in Ω
V = 25*10^-3; //full-scale deflection voltage in V
V1 = 10; //voltage to be measured in V
t = 10;
alphac = 0.004;
alpham = 0.00015;
//calculations
Im = V/(Rm); //full-scale deflection in mA
R = (V1/(Im))-Rm; //external resistance in Ω
Rt = Rm+R;
Rm1 = Rm*(1+(alphac*t)); //instrument resistance with 10°C rise in temperature in Ω
R1 = R*(1+(alpham*t)); //series resistance with 10°C rise in temperature in Ω
R2 = Rm1+R1; //total resistance in the voltmeter circuit in Ω
V2 = V1*(Rt/(R2)); //reading of voltmeter at 10°C rise in temerature in V
er = ((V2-V1)/(V1))*100; //percentage error in %
//reult
mprintf('percentage error = %3.2f percentage",er);
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