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+//===========================================================================
+//chapter 6 example 9
+clc;clear all;
+
+//variable declaration
+Rm    = 25;               //instrument resistance in Ω
+V     = 25*10^-3;       //full-scale deflection voltage in V
+V1    = 10;              //voltage to be measured in V
+t     = 10;   
+alphac  = 0.004;
+alpham  = 0.00015;
+
+//calculations
+Im    = V/(Rm);      //full-scale deflection in mA
+R     = (V1/(Im))-Rm;   //external resistance in Ω
+Rt    = Rm+R;
+Rm1 = Rm*(1+(alphac*t));     //instrument resistance with 10°C  rise in temperature in Ω
+R1   = R*(1+(alpham*t));    //series resistance with 10°C  rise in temperature in Ω
+R2   = Rm1+R1;             //total resistance in the voltmeter circuit in Ω
+V2   = V1*(Rt/(R2));   //reading of voltmeter at 10°C rise in temerature in V
+er   = ((V2-V1)/(V1))*100;   //percentage error in %
+
+//reult
+mprintf('percentage error = %3.2f percentage",er);