diff options
Diffstat (limited to '462')
186 files changed, 1919 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.1/ex_1_1.pdf b/462/CH1/EX1.1/ex_1_1.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..7819363f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.1/ex_1_1.pdf diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.1/ex_1_1.sce b/462/CH1/EX1.1/ex_1_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9a55a7f22 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.1/ex_1_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//example 1.1//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears the existing variables//
+disp('the locker door (Y) can be opened using one key (A) which is with you and the other key (B) which is with the bank executive. When both the keys are used, the locker door opens, i.e. the locker door can be opened (Y=1) only when both the keys are applied(A=B=1).Thus, this can be expressed as an AND operation')
+disp('Y=A*B')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.11.a/ex_11_a.pdf b/462/CH1/EX1.11.a/ex_11_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..fc3cd31d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.11.a/ex_11_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.11.a/ex_1_11_a.sce b/462/CH1/EX1.11.a/ex_1_11_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6ba888133 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.11.a/ex_1_11_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//example 1.11(a)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('If we connect one input of EX-OR gate to 0 permanently, we observe that Y=A*0''+A''*0')
+disp('thus, Y=A')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.11.b/ex_11_b.pdf b/462/CH1/EX1.11.b/ex_11_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..ac0156cbf --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.11.b/ex_11_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.11.b/ex_1_11_b.sce b/462/CH1/EX1.11.b/ex_1_11_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b316169b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.11.b/ex_1_11_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//example 1.11(b)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('If we connect one input of EX-OR gate to 1 permanently, we observe that Y=A*1''+A''*1')
+disp('thus, Y=A''')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.13.a/ex_13_a.pdf b/462/CH1/EX1.13.a/ex_13_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..408d9167b --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.13.a/ex_13_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.13.a/ex_1_13_a.sce b/462/CH1/EX1.13.a/ex_1_13_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a44b8ee45 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.13.a/ex_1_13_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//example 1.13(a)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('If we connect one input of EX-NOR gate to 0 permanently, we observe that Y=A*0+A''*0''')
+disp('thus, Y=A''')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.13.b/ex_13_b.pdf b/462/CH1/EX1.13.b/ex_13_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..8e1a9406f --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.13.b/ex_13_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.13.b/ex_1_13_b.sce b/462/CH1/EX1.13.b/ex_1_13_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fa4f6f2c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.13.b/ex_1_13_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//example 1.13(b)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('If we connect one input of EX-NOR gate to 1 permanently, we observe that Y=A*1+A''*1''')
+disp('thus, Y=A')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.3/ex_1_3.pdf b/462/CH1/EX1.3/ex_1_3.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..6eaa0ba5a --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.3/ex_1_3.pdf diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.3/ex_1_3.sce b/462/CH1/EX1.3/ex_1_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6bb0265d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.3/ex_1_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//example 1.3//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('Let the temperature and pressure be converted into electrical signals and T=1 if temperature exceeds the specified limit and P=1 if pressure exceeds the specified limit. If T=1 or P=1 or both T and P are 1 then the alarm is required to be activated, i.e., the signal applied to the alarm Y=1. This operation can be expressed as an or operation.')
+disp('Y=T or P')
+disp('Y=T+P')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.7.a/ex_1_7_a.pdf b/462/CH1/EX1.7.a/ex_1_7_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..11d13eb74 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.7.a/ex_1_7_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.7.a/ex_1_7_a.sce b/462/CH1/EX1.7.a/ex_1_7_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1118ebbfe --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.7.a/ex_1_7_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//example 1.7(a)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('when one of the logic input of 2-input NAND gate is 0, then irrespective of the other input, the output comes out to be 1. In fact, a NAND gate is disabled or inhibited if one of its inputs is connected to logic 0')
+disp('Y=1')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.7.b/ex_1_7_b.pdf b/462/CH1/EX1.7.b/ex_1_7_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..6c6e813cd --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.7.b/ex_1_7_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.7.b/ex_1_7_b.sce b/462/CH1/EX1.7.b/ex_1_7_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..41512b770 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.7.b/ex_1_7_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//example 1.7(b)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('when one of the logic input of 2-input NAND gate is 1, then when A=1, Y=0 and if A=0, Y=1')
+disp('Y=A''')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.9.a/ex_1_9_a.pdf b/462/CH1/EX1.9.a/ex_1_9_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..9ca2c80a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.9.a/ex_1_9_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.9.a/ex_1_9_a.sce b/462/CH1/EX1.9.a/ex_1_9_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0a62626b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.9.a/ex_1_9_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//example 1.9(a)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('when one of the logic input of 2-input NOR gate is 0, then when A=1, Y=0 and if A=0, Y=1')
+disp('Y=A''')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.9.b/ex_1_9_b.pdf b/462/CH1/EX1.9.b/ex_1_9_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..0134f8913 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.9.b/ex_1_9_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH1/EX1.9.b/ex_1_9_b.sce b/462/CH1/EX1.9.b/ex_1_9_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1a2e75a40 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH1/EX1.9.b/ex_1_9_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//example 1.9(b)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('when one of the logic input of 2-input NOR gate is 1, then irrespective of the other input, the output comes out to be 0. In fact, a NAND gate is disabled or inhibited if one of its inputs is connected to logic 1')
+disp('Y=0')
+disp('here the output of Y is 0 irrespective of input of A')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.1/ex_10_1.pdf b/462/CH10/EX10.1/ex_10_1.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..12e92eda6 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.1/ex_10_1.pdf diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.1/ex_10_1.sce b/462/CH10/EX10.1/ex_10_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..86cb39e8a --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.1/ex_10_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//example 10(a)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('digital input to analog output of 4 bit is as follows')
+for(i=0:15)
+x=dec2bin(i);
+disp(x)
+disp(i);
+i=i+1;
+end
+//displays the result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.2.a/ex_10_2_a.pdf b/462/CH10/EX10.2.a/ex_10_2_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..8b290ce52 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.2.a/ex_10_2_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.2.a/ex_10_2_a.sce b/462/CH10/EX10.2.a/ex_10_2_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2cfd145c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.2.a/ex_10_2_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//example 10.2(a)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('digital input to analog output of 4 bit is as follows')
+for(i=0:15)
+x=dec2bin(i);
+//conversion of decimal to binary//
+disp(x)
+//binary form of the number//
+disp(i);
+//decimal form of the number//
+i=i+1;
+end
+//displays the result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.2.b/ex_10_2_b.pdf b/462/CH10/EX10.2.b/ex_10_2_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..8f024a3ac --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.2.b/ex_10_2_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.2.b/ex_10_2_b.sce b/462/CH10/EX10.2.b/ex_10_2_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..397b1d7c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.2.b/ex_10_2_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//example 10.2(b)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('digital input to analog output of 4 bit is as follows')
+for(i=0:15)
+x=dec2bin(i);
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp(x)
+//binary number//
+j=i-8;
+disp(j);
+//analog number//
+i=i+1;
+end
+//displays the result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.2.c/ex_10_2_c.pdf b/462/CH10/EX10.2.c/ex_10_2_c.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..35f5d6836 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.2.c/ex_10_2_c.pdf diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.2.c/ex_10_2_c.sce b/462/CH10/EX10.2.c/ex_10_2_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2fc850229 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.2.c/ex_10_2_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//example 10.2(c)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('digital input to analog output of 4 bit as per given condition is as follows')
+for(i=0:7)
+x=dec2bin(i);
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp(x)
+//displays binary or say digital form//
+disp(i)
+//displays analog form//
+i=i+1;
+end
+for(i=8:15)
+x=dec2bin(i);
+//conversion//
+disp(x)
+f=i-8;
+y=2*f;
+t=y-i;
+disp(t)
+//displays analog form//
+i=i+1
+end
+//displays the result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.3/ex_10_3.pdf b/462/CH10/EX10.3/ex_10_3.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..df78bb377 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.3/ex_10_3.pdf diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.3/ex_10_3.sce b/462/CH10/EX10.3/ex_10_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..34aded322 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.3/ex_10_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//example 10.3//
+clc
+//clears the window//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('since the 1''s compliment representations of the positive numbers +0 to +7 are same as the representations of the unipolar binary numbers, no offset voltage is required for these inputs.')
+disp('For the negative numbers 1111 to 1000, the output analog voltage is to be offset by -15V. This can be achieved by operating a switch with MSB of input to introduce proper value of Voff.')
+//answer//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.4/ex_10_4.pdf b/462/CH10/EX10.4/ex_10_4.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..30657e44d --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.4/ex_10_4.pdf diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.4/ex_10_4.sce b/462/CH10/EX10.4/ex_10_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..86be5989a --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.4/ex_10_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//example 10.4//
+//design a 2 decade BCD D/A converter//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('the circuit of given figure can be used for BCD D/A converter. The binary inputs corresponding to LSB are applied to b3,b2,b1,b0 and those corresponding to the next digit at b7,b6,b5,b4. the value of r is chosen so as to make the input current of OP-AMP corresponding to LSD as 1/10th of that of current due to MSD, and is given by')
+disp('((V(R)*(8/7*R))/(R*(r+8*R/7)+r*8/7*R))=V(R)/(10*R)')
+disp('r=4.8R')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.5/ex_10_5.pdf b/462/CH10/EX10.5/ex_10_5.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..4ba3f1f8e --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.5/ex_10_5.pdf diff --git a/462/CH10/EX10.5/ex_10_5.sce b/462/CH10/EX10.5/ex_10_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..da44a4969 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH10/EX10.5/ex_10_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +//example 10.5//
+clc
+//clears the window//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('the digital value 000 should be assigned to the analog voltage interval 0V +-S/2, Since in 2''s compliment representation, there is one more negative number than the number of positive numbers, the analog voltage from -V to +V should be divided in seven intervals, each of size S=2V/7, and one digital value is to be assigned to each interval. The extra digit output 100 can be used to represent the interval -V to -9V/7')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.1/ex_11_1.pdf b/462/CH11/EX11.1/ex_11_1.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..dfd141225 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.1/ex_11_1.pdf diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.1/ex_11_1.sce b/462/CH11/EX11.1/ex_11_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9623d4fc2 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.1/ex_11_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//example 11.1//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+for (i=0:15)
+disp('word number to binary address is as follows:')
+disp(i)
+//displays the word number//
+t=dec2bin(i);
+//converts it into memory address//
+disp(t)
+//displays binary address//
+i=i+1
+end
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.2.a/ex_11_2_a.pdf b/462/CH11/EX11.2.a/ex_11_2_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..6d2a38fc8 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.2.a/ex_11_2_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.2.a/ex_11_2_a.sce b/462/CH11/EX11.2.a/ex_11_2_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6997f5202 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.2.a/ex_11_2_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//example 11.2(a)//
+//maximum rate at which data can be stored//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('the maximum rate at which data can be stored is:')
+t=200*(10^-9);
+//write cycle time//
+r=1/t;
+//maximum rate//
+disp(r)
+disp('words/sec')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.2.b/ex_11_2_b.pdf b/462/CH11/EX11.2.b/ex_11_2_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..d38c87afd --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.2.b/ex_11_2_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.2.b/ex_11_2_b.sce b/462/CH11/EX11.2.b/ex_11_2_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0d8820f4b --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.2.b/ex_11_2_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//example 11.2(b)//
+//maximum rate at which data can be read//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('the maximum rate at which data can be read is:')
+t=200*(10^-9);
+//read cycle time//
+r=1/t;
+//maximum rate//
+disp(r)
+disp('words/sec')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.6.a/ex_11_6_a.pdf b/462/CH11/EX11.6.a/ex_11_6_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..b2ea1ad43 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.6.a/ex_11_6_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.6.a/ex_11_6_a.sce b/462/CH11/EX11.6.a/ex_11_6_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..558e4561f --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.6.a/ex_11_6_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//example 11.6(a)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('since Y(5)=0, the memory location 5 is selected for read out, i.e.')
+disp('D1D0=01')
+disp('the memory contents do not change')
+//given A1A0=00, W''=1, Y=11011111//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.6.b/ex_11_6_b.pdf b/462/CH11/EX11.6.b/ex_11_6_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..7ab27f835 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.6.b/ex_11_6_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.6.b/ex_11_6_b.sce b/462/CH11/EX11.6.b/ex_11_6_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dfb4af3b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.6.b/ex_11_6_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//example 11.6(b)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('since Y5=Y4=0, the memory locations 4 and 5 are selected for readout. The output is obtained by ORing the contents of these locations, i.e.')
+disp('D1D0=11')
+disp('The memory contents do not change')
+//given A1A0=00, W''=1, Y=11001111//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.6.c/ex_11_6_c.pdf b/462/CH11/EX11.6.c/ex_11_6_c.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..bb6972e85 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.6.c/ex_11_6_c.pdf diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.6.c/ex_11_6_c.sce b/462/CH11/EX11.6.c/ex_11_6_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2829378b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.6.c/ex_11_6_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//example 11.6(c)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('since Y(3), write operation is performed at memory location 3. The input data is stored in this location and also appears at the output')
+disp('D1D0=00')
+disp('contents of memory location 3=00')
+//given A1A0=00, W''=0, Y=11110111//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.6.d/ex_11_6_d.pdf b/462/CH11/EX11.6.d/ex_11_6_d.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..b8c52d8c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.6.d/ex_11_6_d.pdf diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.6.d/ex_11_6_d.sce b/462/CH11/EX11.6.d/ex_11_6_d.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..319325a37 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.6.d/ex_11_6_d.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//example 11.6(d)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('In this case, the memory locations 3 and 5 are selected for writing since Y3=Y5=0. The contents of these locations will become 10 and')
+disp('D1D0=10')
+//given A1A0=00, W''=0, Y=11010111//
+//I1I0=10//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.7.a/ex_11_7_a.pdf b/462/CH11/EX11.7.a/ex_11_7_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..97e3c9869 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.7.a/ex_11_7_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH11/EX11.7.a/ex_11_7_a.sce b/462/CH11/EX11.7.a/ex_11_7_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..008e4c39c --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH11/EX11.7.a/ex_11_7_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//example 11.7//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+//given A1A0=11, I1I0=01//
+disp('the association operation is performed with keyword 01. The memory locations 1, 5 and 7 match the keyword giving out logic 0 at the corresponding Y outputs. Therefore,')
+disp('Y=01011101')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH12/EX12.1/ex_12_1.pdf b/462/CH12/EX12.1/ex_12_1.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..5499fb0b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH12/EX12.1/ex_12_1.pdf diff --git a/462/CH12/EX12.1/ex_12_1.sce b/462/CH12/EX12.1/ex_12_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ed1cedef5 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH12/EX12.1/ex_12_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//example 12.1//
+//find the product term//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('For an open link, the input to AND gate is logic 1, whereas for a closed link the corresponding input to the AND gate is same as the voltage applied at that input, therefore,')
+disp('P(o)=I(o)I(2)''I(3)''I(6)')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH14/EX14.2/ex_14_2.pdf b/462/CH14/EX14.2/ex_14_2.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..161b84c5b --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH14/EX14.2/ex_14_2.pdf diff --git a/462/CH14/EX14.2/ex_14_2.sce b/462/CH14/EX14.2/ex_14_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..86a9be776 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH14/EX14.2/ex_14_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//example 14.2//
+//entity construction for EXOR circuit//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('Let the name of entity be Circuit_Fig. It has two input ports A and B and one output port Y. The entity declaration for this circuit will be')
+disp(' ENTITY Circuit_Fig IS')
+disp('PORT(A,B : IN BIT; OUT BIT);')
+disp('END Circuit_Fig;')
+disp('From this entity declaration, we observe that although this circuit consists of AND, OR and NOT gates, the circuit itself is an entity and the entity declaration gives no information about the structure or behaviour of the circuit')
diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.1/ex_2_1.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.1/ex_2_1.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..3801f8f40 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.1/ex_2_1.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.1/ex_2_1.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.1/ex_2_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c6fd6de6d --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.1/ex_2_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +//example 2.1//
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+ans=bin2dec('11111')
+//decimal equivalent of binary number//
+disp(ans)
+//answer in decimal form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.10.a/ex_2_10_a.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.10.a/ex_2_10_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..119116b5b --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.10.a/ex_2_10_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.10.a/ex_2_10_a.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.10.a/ex_2_10_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..77b217f90 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.10.a/ex_2_10_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//example 2.10(a)//
+//find 2's complement of binary number//
+clc
+//clears the window//
+clear
+//clears all the existing variables//
+x=01001110
+//the number//
+xd=bin2dec('01001110')
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+xc=bitcmp(xd,8)
+//one's complement of the number//
+xp=xc+1
+xc1=dec2bin(xp)
+//2's complement of the number//
+disp('2s complement of 01001110 is : ')
+disp(xc1)
+//answer in 2's complement form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.10.b/ex_2_10_b.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.10.b/ex_2_10_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..5bc41d539 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.10.b/ex_2_10_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.10.b/ex_2_10_b.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.10.b/ex_2_10_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d0c9a8d14 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.10.b/ex_2_10_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//example 2.10(b)//
+//find 2's complement of binary number//
+clc
+//clears the window//
+clear
+//clears all the existing variables//
+x=00110101
+//the number//
+xd=bin2dec('00110101')
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+xc=bitcmp(xd,8)
+//one's complement of the number//
+xp=xc+1
+xc1=dec2bin(xp)
+//2's complement of the number//
+disp('2s complement of 00110101 is : ')
+disp(xc1)
+//answer in 2's complement form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.11.a/ex_2_11_a.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.11.a/ex_2_11_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..c5655a9a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.11.a/ex_2_11_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.11.a/ex_2_11_a.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.11.a/ex_2_11_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9fb07532f --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.11.a/ex_2_11_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//example 2.11(a)//
+//find 2's complement of binary number//
+clc
+//clears the window//
+clear
+//clears all the existing variables//
+x=01100100
+//the number//
+xd=bin2dec('01100100')
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+xc=bitcmp(xd,8)
+//one's complement of the number//
+xp=xc+1
+xc1=dec2bin(xp)
+//2's complement of the number//
+disp('2s complement of 01100100 is : ')
+disp(xc1)
+//answer in 2's complement form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.11.b/ex_2_11_b.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.11.b/ex_2_11_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..74345dfb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.11.b/ex_2_11_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.11.b/ex_2_11_b.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.11.b/ex_2_11_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6f126683d --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.11.b/ex_2_11_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//example 2.11(b)//
+//find 2's complement of binary number//
+clc
+//clears the window//
+clear
+//clears all the existing variables//
+x=10010010
+//the number//
+xd=bin2dec('10010010')
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+xc=bitcmp(xd,8)
+//one's complement of the number//
+xp=xc+1
+xc1=dec2bin(xp)
+//2's complement of the number//
+disp('2s complement of 10010010 is : ')
+disp(xc1)
+//answer in 2's complement form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.11.c/ex_2_11_c.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.11.c/ex_2_11_c.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..949e28910 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.11.c/ex_2_11_c.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.11.c/ex_2_11_c.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.11.c/ex_2_11_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9ec53a9fb --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.11.c/ex_2_11_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//example 2.11(c)//
+//find 2's complement of binary number//
+clc
+//clears the window//
+clear
+//clears all the existing variables//
+x=11011000
+//the number//
+xd=bin2dec('11011000')
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+xc=bitcmp(xd,8)
+//one's complement of the number//
+xp=xc+1
+xc1=dec2bin(xp)
+//2's complement of the number//
+disp('2s complement of 11011000 is : ')
+disp(xc1)
+//answer in 2's complement form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.11.d/ex_2_11_d.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.11.d/ex_2_11_d.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..d6562be2a --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.11.d/ex_2_11_d.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.11.d/ex_2_11_d.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.11.d/ex_2_11_d.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1a9e248fe --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.11.d/ex_2_11_d.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//example 2.11(d)//
+//find 2's complement of binary number//
+clc
+//clears the window//
+clear
+//clears all the existing variables//
+x=01100111
+//the number//
+xd=bin2dec('01100111')
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+xc=bitcmp(xd,8)
+//one's complement of the number//
+xp=xc+1
+xc1=dec2bin(xp)
+//2's complement of the number//
+disp('2s complement of 01100111 is : ')
+disp(xc1)
+//answer in 2's complement form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.13.a/ex_2_13_a.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.13.a/ex_2_13_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..1fb7faed3 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.13.a/ex_2_13_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.13.a/ex_2_13_a.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.13.a/ex_2_13_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6b63717bc --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.13.a/ex_2_13_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//example 2.13(a)//
+//addition of binary number//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=bin2dec('1011')
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+y=bin2dec('1100')
+z=x+y
+//addition//
+a=dec2bin(z)
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp('the addition of given numbers is:')
+disp(a)
+//answer in binary form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.13.b/ex_2_13_b.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.13.b/ex_2_13_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..be92d1120 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.13.b/ex_2_13_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.13.b/ex_2_13_b.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.13.b/ex_2_13_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..75b37d416 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.13.b/ex_2_13_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//example 2.13(b)//
+//addition of binary number//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=bin2dec('0101')
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+y=bin2dec('1111')
+z=x+y
+//addition//
+a=dec2bin(z)
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp('the addition of given numbers is:')
+disp(a)
+//answer in binary form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.14/ex_2_14.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.14/ex_2_14.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..415b31d25 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.14/ex_2_14.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.14/ex_2_14.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.14/ex_2_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8fb787ee3 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.14/ex_2_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//example 2.14//
+//addition of binary numbers//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=bin2dec('01101010')
+//x is the first number in addition//
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+y=bin2dec('00001000')
+//y is the second number in addition//
+t=bin2dec('10000001')
+//t is the third number in addition//
+k=bin2dec('11111111')
+//k is the fourth number we have to end//
+z=x+y+t+k
+//addition//
+a=dec2bin(z)
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp('the addition of given numbers is:')
+disp(a)
+//answer in binary form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.15/ex_2_15.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.15/ex_2_15.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..633b11018 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.15/ex_2_15.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.15/ex_2_15.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.15/ex_2_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..833808f03 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.15/ex_2_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//example 2.15//
+//subtraction of two binary number//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears the existing variables//
+x=bin2dec('1011')
+//x is the minuend//
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+y=bin2dec('0110')
+//y is the subtrahend//
+z=x-y
+//subtraction//
+disp('the subtraction of given numbers is:')
+ans=dec2bin(z)
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp(ans)
+//answer in binary form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.16/ex_2_16.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.16/ex_2_16.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..e61419a08 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.16/ex_2_16.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.16/ex_2_16.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.16/ex_2_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8fc5084af --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.16/ex_2_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//example 2.16//
+//multiplication in binary form//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears all the existing variables//
+x=bin2dec('1001')
+//first number to be multiplied is x//
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+y=bin2dec('1101')
+//second number to be multiplied is y//
+z=x*y
+//multiplication//
+a=dec2bin(z)
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp('the multiplication of given numbers results in :')
+disp(a)
+//answer in binary number//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.17/ex_2_17.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.17/ex_2_17.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..0093b408b --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.17/ex_2_17.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.17/ex_2_17.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.17/ex_2_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..214080af1 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.17/ex_2_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//example 2.17//
+//division in binary//
+clc
+//clears the window//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=bin2dec('1110101')
+//x is the first number//
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+y=bin2dec('1001')
+//y is the second number w/c is to be divided//
+z=x/y
+//division//
+a=dec2bin(z)
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp('the division of given numbers results in:')
+disp(a)
+//answer in binary form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.2.a/ex2_2_a.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.2.a/ex2_2_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b5ba6148e --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.2.a/ex2_2_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +//example 2.2(a)//
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+ans=bin2dec('110101')
+//decimal equivalent of binary number//
+disp(ans)
+//answer in decimal form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.2.a/ex_2_2_a.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.2.a/ex_2_2_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..a6c017df6 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.2.a/ex_2_2_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.2.b/ex_2_2_b.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.2.b/ex_2_2_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..74a61898b --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.2.b/ex_2_2_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.2.b/ex_2_2_b.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.2.b/ex_2_2_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6e4e26dce --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.2.b/ex_2_2_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +//example 2.2(b)//
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+ans=bin2dec('101101')
+//decimal equivalent of binary number//
+disp(ans)
+//answer in decimal form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.2.c/ex_2_2_c.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.2.c/ex_2_2_c.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..ea68508c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.2.c/ex_2_2_c.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.2.c/ex_2_2_c.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.2.c/ex_2_2_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..50e8c8d4f --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.2.c/ex_2_2_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +//example 2.2(c)//
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+ans=bin2dec('11111111')
+//decimal equivalent of binary number//
+disp(ans)
+//answer in decimal form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.2.d/ex_2_2_d.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.2.d/ex_2_2_d.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..824ff1ea5 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.2.d/ex_2_2_d.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.2.d/ex_2_2_d.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.2.d/ex_2_2_d.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9ba0ba837 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.2.d/ex_2_2_d.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +//example 2.2(d)//
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+ans=bin2dec('00000000')
+//decimal equivalent of binary number//
+disp(ans)
+//answer in decimal form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.21/ex_2_21.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.21/ex_2_21.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..d4f9a0ded --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.21/ex_2_21.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.21/ex_2_21.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.21/ex_2_21.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8d639aa8d --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.21/ex_2_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//example 2.21//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=247
+//decimal to octal conversion//
+a=dec2oct(x)
+disp('the octal conversion of given no is:')
+disp(a)
+//answer in octal form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.22/ex_2_22.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.22/ex_2_22.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..e4c9c6330 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.22/ex_2_22.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.22/ex_2_22.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.22/ex_2_22.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6249ae9bf --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.22/ex_2_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//example 2.22//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+//octal to binary conversion//
+y=oct2dec('736')
+//octal to decimal conversion//
+a=dec2bin(y)
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp('binary conversion of given no is:')
+disp(a)
+//answer in binary form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.23/ex_2_23.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.23/ex_2_23.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..64e9dae24 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.23/ex_2_23.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.23/ex_2_23.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.23/ex_2_23.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..03f664470 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.23/ex_2_23.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//example 2.23//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+//binary to octal conversion//
+y=bin2dec('1001110')
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+a=dec2oct(y)
+//decimal to octal conversion//
+disp('octal representation of given no is :')
+disp(a)
+//answer in octal form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.26/ex_2_26.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.26/ex_2_26.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..28136db27 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.26/ex_2_26.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.26/ex_2_26.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.26/ex_2_26.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0cdb405bc --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.26/ex_2_26.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//example 2.26//
+//addition of octal numbers//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=oct2dec('23')
+//octal to decimal conversion//
+y=oct2dec('67')
+z=x+y
+//addition//
+a=dec2oct(z)
+//decimal to octal conversion//
+b=dec2bin(z)
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp('addition of given no is octal form is')
+disp(a)
+//answer in octal form//
+disp('addition of given numbers in binary form is:')
+disp(b)
+//answer in binary form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.27.a/ex_2_27_a.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.27.a/ex_2_27_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..83bc5e348 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.27.a/ex_2_27_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.27.a/ex_2_27_a.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.27.a/ex_2_27_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a4e481608 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.27.a/ex_2_27_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//example 2.27 (a)//
+//subtraction of octal numbers//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=oct2dec('53')
+//octal to decimal conversion//
+y=oct2dec('37')
+z=x-y
+//subtraction//
+a=dec2oct(z)
+//decimal to octal conversion//
+b=dec2bin(z)
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp('result of subtraction of given numbers in octal form is:')
+disp(a)
+//answer in octal form//
+disp('result of subtraction of given numbers in binary form is:')
+disp(b)
+//answer in binary form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.27.b/ex_2_27_b.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.27.b/ex_2_27_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..002a303ca --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.27.b/ex_2_27_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.27.b/ex_2_27_b.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.27.b/ex_2_27_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..878911665 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.27.b/ex_2_27_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//example 2.27 (b)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=oct2dec('26')
+//octal to decimal conversion//
+y=oct2dec('75')
+z=x-y
+//subtraction//
+t=z*(-1)
+t1=bitcmp(t,8)
+//1's complement//
+t2=t1+1
+//2's compliment//
+a=dec2bin(t2)
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp('answer in 2''s compliment form:')
+disp(a)
+//answer in 2's complement form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.3.a/ex2_3_a.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.3.a/ex2_3_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..19bad0638 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.3.a/ex2_3_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +//example 2.3(a)//
+clc
+//clears the command window//
+clear
+//clears//
+p =1;
+//initialising//
+q =1;
+z =0;
+b =0;
+w =0;
+f =0;
+//bin= input ( ” Enter the binary no to be converted to its decimal equivalent : ”)
+//accepting the binary input from user//
+bin =101101.10101;
+d = modulo(bin,1) ;
+//separating the decimal part and the integer part//
+d= d *10^10;
+a = floor(bin) ;
+//removing the decimal part//
+while (a >0)
+// Loop to take the binary bits of integer into a matrix//
+r = modulo (a ,10) ;
+b(1,q) = r ;
+a=a/10;
+a=floor( a ) ;
+q = q +1;
+end
+for m =1: q -1
+// multipliying the bits of integer with their position values and adding//
+c=m -1;
+f=f+b(1,m)*(2^c);
+end
+while (d >0)
+ // Loop to take the binary bits of decimal into a matrix//
+ e = modulo (d ,2)
+ w (1 , p ) = e
+ d = d /10;
+ d = floor ( d )
+ p = p +1;
+ end
+for n =1: p -1
+//multipliying the bits of decimal with their position values and adding//
+z = z + w (1 , n ) *(0.5) ^(11 - n ) ;
+end
+z = z *10000;
+//rounding of to 4 decimal values//
+z = round ( z ) ;
+z = z /10000;
+x=f+z;
+disp('The Decimal equivalent of the Binary number given is');
+disp(x);
+//Displaying the final result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.3.a/ex_2_3_a.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.3.a/ex_2_3_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..cf5ef1a3c --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.3.a/ex_2_3_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.3.b/ex2_3_b.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.3.b/ex2_3_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3700404b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.3.b/ex2_3_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +//example 2.3 (b)//
+clc
+//clears the command window//
+clear
+//clears//
+p =1;
+//initialising//
+q =1;
+z =0;
+b =0;
+w =0;
+f =0;
+//bin= input ( ” Enter the binary no to be converted to its decimal equivalent : ”)
+//accepting the binary input from user//
+bin =1100.1011;
+d = modulo(bin,1) ;
+//separating the decimal part and the integer part//
+d= d *10^10;
+a = floor(bin) ;
+//removing the decimal part//
+while (a >0)
+// Loop to take the binary bits of integer into a matrix//
+r = modulo (a ,10) ;
+b(1,q) = r ;
+a=a/10;
+a=floor( a ) ;
+q = q +1;
+end
+for m =1: q -1
+// multipliying the bits of integer with their position values and adding//
+c=m -1;
+f=f+b(1,m)*(2^c);
+end
+while (d >0)
+ // Loop to take the binary bits of decimal into a matrix//
+ e = modulo (d ,2)
+ w (1 , p ) = e
+ d = d /10;
+ d = floor ( d )
+ p = p +1;
+ end
+for n =1: p -1
+//multipliying the bits of decimal with their position values and adding//
+z = z + w (1 , n ) *(0.5) ^(11 - n ) ;
+end
+z = z *10000;
+//rounding of to 4 decimal values//
+z = round ( z ) ;
+z = z /10000;
+x=f+z;
+disp('The Decimal equivalent of the Binary number given is');
+disp(x);
+//Displaying the final result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.3.b/ex_2_3_b.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.3.b/ex_2_3_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..94db11fb9 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.3.b/ex_2_3_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.3.c/ex2_3_c.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.3.c/ex2_3_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ef2e7bb6b --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.3.c/ex2_3_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +//example 2.3(c)//
+clc
+//clears the command window//
+clear
+//clears//
+p =1;
+//initialising//
+q =1;
+z =0;
+b =0;
+w =0;
+f =0;
+//bin= input ( ” Enter the binary no to be converted to its decimal equivalent : ”)
+//accepting the binary input from user//
+bin =1001.0101;
+d = modulo(bin,1) ;
+//separating the decimal part and the integer part//
+d= d *10^10;
+a = floor(bin) ;
+//removing the decimal part//
+while (a >0)
+// Loop to take the binary bits of integer into a matrix//
+r = modulo (a ,10) ;
+b(1,q) = r ;
+a=a/10;
+a=floor( a ) ;
+q = q +1;
+end
+for m =1: q -1
+// multipliying the bits of integer with their position values and adding//
+c=m -1;
+f=f+b(1,m)*(2^c);
+end
+while (d >0)
+ // Loop to take the binary bits of decimal into a matrix//
+ e = modulo (d ,2)
+ w (1 , p ) = e
+ d = d /10;
+ d = floor ( d )
+ p = p +1;
+ end
+for n =1: p -1
+//multipliying the bits of decimal with their position values and adding//
+z = z + w (1 , n ) *(0.5) ^(11 - n ) ;
+end
+z = z *10000;
+//rounding of to 4 decimal values//
+z = round ( z ) ;
+z = z /10000;
+x=f+z;
+disp('The Decimal equivalent of the Binary number given is');
+disp(x);
+//Displaying the final result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.3.c/ex_2_3_c.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.3.c/ex_2_3_c.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..5f7919274 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.3.c/ex_2_3_c.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.3.d/ex2_3_d.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.3.d/ex2_3_d.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2896b8e09 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.3.d/ex2_3_d.sce @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +//example 2.3(d)//
+clc
+//clears the command window//
+clear
+//clears//
+p =1;
+//initialising//
+q =1;
+z =0;
+b =0;
+w =0;
+f =0;
+//bin= input ( ” Enter the binary no to be converted to its decimal equivalent : ”)
+//accepting the binary input from user//
+bin =0.10101;
+d = modulo(bin,1) ;
+//separating the decimal part and the integer part//
+d= d *10^10;
+a = floor(bin) ;
+//removing the decimal part//
+while (a >0)
+// Loop to take the binary bits of integer into a matrix//
+r = modulo (a ,10) ;
+b(1,q) = r ;
+a=a/10;
+a=floor( a ) ;
+q = q +1;
+end
+for m =1: q -1
+// multipliying the bits of integer with their position values and adding//
+c=m -1;
+f=f+b(1,m)*(2^c);
+end
+while (d >0)
+ // Loop to take the binary bits of decimal into a matrix//
+ e = modulo (d ,2)
+ w (1 , p ) = e
+ d = d /10;
+ d = floor ( d )
+ p = p +1;
+ end
+for n =1: p -1
+//multipliying the bits of decimal with their position values and adding//
+z = z + w (1 , n ) *(0.5) ^(11 - n ) ;
+end
+z = z *10000;
+//rounding of to 4 decimal values//
+z = round ( z ) ;
+z = z /10000;
+x=f+z;
+disp('The Decimal equivalent of the Binary number given is');
+disp(x);
+//Displaying the final result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.3.d/ex_2_3_d.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.3.d/ex_2_3_d.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..388cf97ac --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.3.d/ex_2_3_d.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.30/ex_2_30.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.30/ex_2_30.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..fa680e8a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.30/ex_2_30.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.30/ex_2_30.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.30/ex_2_30.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ae7acf12e --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.30/ex_2_30.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//example 2.30//
+//hexadecimal to binary conversion//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=hex2dec('29FA')
+//hexadecimal to decimal conversion//
+a=dec2bin(x)
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp('conversion of hexadecimal given no to its binary form is:')
+disp(a)
+//answer in binary form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.31/ex_2_31.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.31/ex_2_31.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..500f0e3cb --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.31/ex_2_31.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.31/ex_2_31.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.31/ex_2_31.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..858b7c412 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.31/ex_2_31.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//example 2.31//
+//conversion of binary to hexadecimal//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=bin2dec('10100110101111')
+//binary to decimal conversion//
+a=dec2hex(x)
+//decimal to hexadecimal conversion//
+disp('conversion of given binary number to its hexadecimal form is:')
+disp(a)
+//answer in hexadecimal form//
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+//conversion hexadecimal number to octal number//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=hex2dec('A72E')
+//hexadecimal to decimal conversion//
+a=dec2oct(x)
+//decimal to octal conversion//
+disp('conversion of given hexadecimal no to its octal form results in :')
+disp(a)
+//answer in octal form//
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+//addition of hexadecimal number//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=hex2dec('7F')
+//hexadecimal to decimal conversion//
+y=hex2dec('BA')
+z=x+y
+//addition//
+a=dec2hex(z)
+//decimal to hexadecimal conversion//
+disp('addition of given hexadecimal numbers results in :')
+disp(a)
+//answer in hexadecimal form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.36.a/ex_2_36_a.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.36.a/ex_2_36_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..23e6f2d4e --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.36.a/ex_2_36_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.36.a/ex_2_36_a.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.36.a/ex_2_36_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6a6bb7cfc --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.36.a/ex_2_36_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//example 2.36(a)//
+//subtraction of hexadecimal number//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=hex2dec('3F')
+//hexadecimal to deciimal conversion//
+y=hex2dec('5C')
+z=x-y
+//subtraction//
+t=z*-1
+t1=dec2hex(t)
+//answer in hexadecimal form(modulus)//
+t2=bitcmp(t,8)
+//complement//
+t3=t2+1
+//2's complement//
+a=dec2bin(t3)
+//answer in 2's complement form
+disp('result of subtraction in 2''s compliment form is:')
+disp(a)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.36.b/ex_2_36_b.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.36.b/ex_2_36_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..3f5647d8d --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.36.b/ex_2_36_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.36.b/ex_2_36_b.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.36.b/ex_2_36_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c92c6be9d --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.36.b/ex_2_36_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//example 2.36(b)//
+//subtraction of hexadecimal numbers//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+x=hex2dec('C0')
+//hexadecimal to decimal conversion//
+y=hex2dec('7A')
+z=x-y
+//subtraction//
+a=dec2hex(z)
+//decimal to hexadecimal conversion//
+b=dec2bin(z)
+//decimal to binary conversion//
+disp('answer in hexadecimal form is:')
+disp(a)
+//answer in hexadecimal form//
+disp('answer in binary form is:')
+disp(b)
+//answer in binary number//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.4/ex_2_4.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.4/ex_2_4.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..9624442a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.4/ex_2_4.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.4/ex_2_4.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.4/ex_2_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3615e10f0 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.4/ex_2_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +//example 2.4//
+ans=dec2bin(13)
+//conversion of decimal number to binary//
+disp(ans)
+//answer in binary form//
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+clc
+//clears the command window//
+clear
+//clears all the variables//
+q =0;
+b =0;
+s =0;
+//a=input(”Enter the decimal no to be converted to its binary equivalent: ”) ;
+//accepting the decimal input from user//
+a =0.65625;
+d = modulo (a ,1) ;
+//separating the decimal part and the integer part//
+a = floor ( a ) ;
+//removing the decimal part//
+while (a >0)
+//taking integer part into a matrix and convert to equivalent binary//
+x = modulo (a ,2) ;
+b = b + (10^ q ) * x ;
+a = a /2;
+a = floor ( a ) ;
+q = q +1;
+end
+for i =1:10
+//For values after decimal point converting to binary//
+d = d *2;
+q = floor ( d ) ;
+s = s + q /(10^ i ) ;
+ if d >=1 then
+ d =d -1;
+ end
+end
+k=b+s;
+disp('The binary equivalent of the given decimal number is =');
+disp(k);
+//displaying the final result .
diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.6.a/ex_2_6_a.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.6.a/ex_2_6_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..3cde5e471 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.6.a/ex_2_6_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.6.a/ex_2_6_a.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.6.a/ex_2_6_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..67ae4f722 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.6.a/ex_2_6_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//example 2.6(a)//
+clc
+//clears the command window//
+clear
+//clears all the variables//
+q =0;
+b =0;
+s =0;
+//a=input(”Enter the decimal no to be converted to its binary equivalent: ”) ;
+//accepting the decimal input from user//
+a =25.5;
+d = modulo (a ,1) ;
+//separating the decimal part and the integer part//
+a = floor ( a ) ;
+//removing the decimal part//
+while (a >0)
+//taking integer part into a matrix and convert to equivalent binary//
+x = modulo (a ,2) ;
+b = b + (10^ q ) * x ;
+a = a /2;
+a = floor ( a ) ;
+q = q +1;
+end
+for i =1:10
+//For values after decimal point converting to binary//
+d = d *2;
+q = floor ( d ) ;
+s = s + q /(10^ i ) ;
+ if d >=1 then
+ d =d -1;
+ end
+end
+k=b+s;
+disp('The binary equivalent of the given decimal number is =');
+disp(k);
+//displaying the final result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.6.b/ex_2_6_b.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.6.b/ex_2_6_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..d707ee1f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.6.b/ex_2_6_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.6.b/ex_2_6_b.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.6.b/ex_2_6_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4f3278df5 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.6.b/ex_2_6_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//example 2.6(b)//
+clc
+//clears the command window//
+clear
+//clears all the variables//
+q =0;
+b =0;
+s =0;
+//a=input(”Enter the decimal no to be converted to its binary equivalent: ”) ;
+//accepting the decimal input from user//
+a =10.625;
+d = modulo (a ,1) ;
+//separating the decimal part and the integer part//
+a = floor ( a ) ;
+//removing the decimal part//
+while (a >0)
+//taking integer part into a matrix and convert to equivalent binary//
+x = modulo (a ,2) ;
+b = b + (10^ q ) * x ;
+a = a /2;
+a = floor ( a ) ;
+q = q +1;
+end
+for i =1:10
+//For values after decimal point converting to binary//
+d = d *2;
+q = floor ( d ) ;
+s = s + q /(10^ i ) ;
+ if d >=1 then
+ d =d -1;
+ end
+end
+k=b+s;
+disp('The binary equivalent of the given decimal number is =');
+disp(k);
+//displaying the final result .
diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.6.c/ex_2_6_c.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.6.c/ex_2_6_c.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..9739f3f70 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.6.c/ex_2_6_c.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.6.c/ex_2_6_c.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.6.c/ex_2_6_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..163729982 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.6.c/ex_2_6_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//example 2.6(c)//
+clc
+//clears the command window//
+clear
+//clears all the variables//
+q =0;
+b =0;
+s =0;
+//a=input(”Enter the decimal no to be converted to its binary equivalent: ”) ;
+//accepting the decimal input from user//
+a =0.6875;
+d = modulo (a ,1) ;
+//separating the decimal part and the integer part//
+a = floor ( a ) ;
+//removing the decimal part//
+while (a >0)
+//taking integer part into a matrix and convert to equivalent binary//
+x = modulo (a ,2) ;
+b = b + (10^ q ) * x ;
+a = a /2;
+a = floor ( a ) ;
+q = q +1;
+end
+for i =1:10
+//For values after decimal point converting to binary//
+d = d *2;
+q = floor ( d ) ;
+s = s + q /(10^ i ) ;
+ if d >=1 then
+ d =d -1;
+ end
+end
+k=b+s;
+disp('The binary equivalent of the given decimal number is =');
+disp(k);
+//displaying the final result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.8.a/ex_2_8_a.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.8.a/ex_2_8_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..dd9452b96 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.8.a/ex_2_8_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.8.a/ex_2_8_a.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.8.a/ex_2_8_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bf6fcc9a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.8.a/ex_2_8_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//example 2.8(a)//
+//one's complement of binary number//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears all the existing variables//
+x=bin2dec('0100111001')
+//entering the data in binary form//
+ans=dec2bin(bitcmp(x,10))
+disp(ans);
+//result will be displayed//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.8.b/ex_2_8_b.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.8.b/ex_2_8_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..bd57c6e37 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.8.b/ex_2_8_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.8.b/ex_2_8_b.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.8.b/ex_2_8_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ed23b7e16 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.8.b/ex_2_8_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//example 2.8(b)//
+//one's complement of binary number//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears all the existing variables//
+x=bin2dec('11011010')
+//entering the data in binary form//
+ans=dec2bin(bitcmp(x,8))
+disp(ans);
+//result will be displayed//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.9.a/ex_2_9_a.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.9.a/ex_2_9_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..f1a4ae59a --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.9.a/ex_2_9_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.9.a/ex_2_9_a.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.9.a/ex_2_9_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..375c4a79c --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.9.a/ex_2_9_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//example 2.9(a)//
+//representation in 1's complement form//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears all the existing variables//
+x=7
+//x=+7//y=-x//
+xb=dec2bin(7)
+//xb means binary conversion of x to its one's complement form//
+xc=dec2bin(bitcmp(7,4))
+//xc means conversion of y in its one's complement form//
+disp('displaying result of +7 and -7 in ones complement form')
+disp(x)
+printf("=")
+disp(xb)
+//displaying answer in one's complement form//
+disp(-x)
+printf("=")
+disp(xc)
+//answer in one's complement form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.9.b/ex_2_9_b.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.9.b/ex_2_9_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..62ca0dcaf --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.9.b/ex_2_9_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.9.b/ex_2_9_b.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.9.b/ex_2_9_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b192463ac --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.9.b/ex_2_9_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//example 2.9(b)//
+//representation in 1's complement form//
+clc
+//clears the window//
+clear
+//clears all the existing variables//
+x=8
+//x=+8//y=-x//
+xb=dec2bin(8)
+//xb means binary conversion of x to its one's complement form//
+xc=dec2bin(bitcmp(8,5))
+//xc means conversion of y in its one's complement form//
+disp(x)
+printf("=")
+disp(xb)
+//displaying answer in one's complement form//
+disp(-x)
+printf("=")
+disp(xc)
+//answer in one's complement form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.9.c/ex_2_9_c.pdf b/462/CH2/EX2.9.c/ex_2_9_c.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..a8454a3cc --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.9.c/ex_2_9_c.pdf diff --git a/462/CH2/EX2.9.c/ex_2_9_c.sce b/462/CH2/EX2.9.c/ex_2_9_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ae50fa7da --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH2/EX2.9.c/ex_2_9_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//example 2.9(c)//
+//representation in 1's complement form//
+clc
+//clears the window//
+clear
+//clears all the existing variables//
+x=15
+//x=+15//y=-x//
+xb=dec2bin(15)
+//xb means binary conversion of x to its one's complement form//
+xc=dec2bin(bitcmp(15,5))
+//xc means conversion of y in its one's complement form//
+disp(x)
+printf("=")
+disp(xb)
+//displaying answer in one's complement form//
+disp(-x)
+printf("=")
+disp(xc)
+//answer in one's complement form//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.3/ex_3_3.pdf b/462/CH3/EX3.3/ex_3_3.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..69d2ffa34 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.3/ex_3_3.pdf diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.3/ex_3_3.sce b/462/CH3/EX3.3/ex_3_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..49761ea19 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.3/ex_3_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +//example 3.3//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing varibales//
+a=10;
+//input voltage (in volts)//
+b=.7;
+//transistor voltage(saturation voltage)//
+c=5;
+//resistor b/w input voltage and the transistor//
+d=10;
+//input voltage from collector side//
+e=0.1;
+//transistor voltage(saturation voltage from collector side)//
+f=2;
+//resistor in kilo-ohm//
+g=30;
+h=-10;
+//input voltage from emitter side//
+I=(a-b)/c;
+//base current of transistor from given figure//
+disp('the base current of given circuit is (in mA):')
+disp(I)
+//base current is in mA//
+K=(d-e)/f
+//collector current of transistor from given figure//
+disp('the collector current of given circuit is (in mA):')
+disp(K)
+//collector current in mA(saturation current)//
+L=K/g
+disp('base current required for the transistor to be in saturation is (in mA):')
+disp(L)
+//current in mA//
+M=(h-b)/c
+disp('the base current is (in mA):')
+disp(M)
+//base current in mA//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.4.a/ex_3_4_a.pdf b/462/CH3/EX3.4.a/ex_3_4_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..28825ea05 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.4.a/ex_3_4_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.4.a/ex_3_4_a.sce b/462/CH3/EX3.4.a/ex_3_4_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..566a5bd1f --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.4.a/ex_3_4_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//example 3.4(a)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('when the input voltage = -5V, the JFET is opening at point A, where I(D)=0 and V(0)=V(DD)=20V')
+disp('this corresponds to the switch in OFF state')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.4.b/ex_3_4_b.pdf b/462/CH3/EX3.4.b/ex_3_4_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..3a96f2183 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.4.b/ex_3_4_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.4.b/ex_3_4_b.sce b/462/CH3/EX3.4.b/ex_3_4_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8aa864703 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.4.b/ex_3_4_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//example 3.4(b)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears the command window//
+disp('when V(i)=0V, the JFET is operating at point B, where I(D)=3.8mA and V(o)=1V')
+disp('this corresponds to the switch in ON stage')
+//the answers have been taken directly from the figure//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.5.a/ex_3_5_a.pdf b/462/CH3/EX3.5.a/ex_3_5_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..446b20be6 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.5.a/ex_3_5_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.5.a/ex_3_5_a.sce b/462/CH3/EX3.5.a/ex_3_5_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d0da537ad --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.5.a/ex_3_5_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//example 3.5(a)//
+clc
+//clears the window//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('when V(i)=0, the transistor is cutoff because the voltage between the gate and the source is below the threshold voltage. Correspondingly the output voltage V(0)=5V(point (N) as in figure)')
+//answer according to the cuts of load line//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.5.b/ex_3_5_b.pdf b/462/CH3/EX3.5.b/ex_3_5_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..d11ad2d11 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.5.b/ex_3_5_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.5.b/ex_3_5_b.sce b/462/CH3/EX3.5.b/ex_3_5_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6f05330ac --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.5.b/ex_3_5_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//example 3.5(b)//
+clc
+//clears the window//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('when V(i)=5V, the transistor is operating at point M and V(o)=0')
+disp('this corresponds to ON stage!')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.7.a/ex_3_7_a.pdf b/462/CH3/EX3.7.a/ex_3_7_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..8e9ac6759 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.7.a/ex_3_7_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.7.a/ex_3_7_a.sce b/462/CH3/EX3.7.a/ex_3_7_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dee7428c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.7.a/ex_3_7_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//example 3.7(a)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears existing variables//
+disp('when V(i)=0, the transistor T(1) is operating at point B')
+t=5;
+//input voltage as given in question//
+x=0;
+V=t-x;
+//output voltage in volts//
+disp('here V(o)(in volts)=')
+disp(V)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.7.b/ex_3_7_b.pdf b/462/CH3/EX3.7.b/ex_3_7_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..38d2f5c7c --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.7.b/ex_3_7_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH3/EX3.7.b/ex_3_7_b.sce b/462/CH3/EX3.7.b/ex_3_7_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..013a06fc8 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH3/EX3.7.b/ex_3_7_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//example 3.7(b)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('when V(i)=5V, the transistor T(1) is operating at point C')
+V=0;
+disp('output voltage in volts=')
+disp(V)
+//all the outcomes are as per the diagram//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH4/EX4.1.a.i/ex_4_1_a_i.pdf b/462/CH4/EX4.1.a.i/ex_4_1_a_i.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..6eeb9bea4 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH4/EX4.1.a.i/ex_4_1_a_i.pdf diff --git a/462/CH4/EX4.1.a.i/ex_4_1_a_i.sce b/462/CH4/EX4.1.a.i/ex_4_1_a_i.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..650eeec90 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH4/EX4.1.a.i/ex_4_1_a_i.sce @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +//example 4.1(a)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('as given low level, V(o)=0.2V and high level, V(1)=5V')
+disp('case 1, when all the inputs are HIGH')
+//in this case both diodes will be conducting and transistor will be in saturation//
+a=0.7+0.7+0.8;
+//V(p)//
+b=5;
+//high level voltage in volts//
+c=5;
+//resistor in Kohms//
+d=0.8;
+//voltage between base and emitter in volts//
+e=(b-a)/c;
+//I(1)//
+f=d/c;
+//I(2)//
+i=e-f;
+//writing kirchoff's current law at the base of transistor//
+g=0.2;
+//voltage between collector and emitter in saturation(in volts)//
+h=2.2;
+//resistance of collector in Kohms//
+j=(b-g)/h;
+//collector current without load gate connected//
+disp('I(1) in mA:')
+disp(e)
+disp('I(2) in mA:')
+disp(f)
+disp('collector current(in mA):')
+disp(j)
+k=30;
+//h(FE)//
+s=k*i;
+if(s>j)
+disp('transistor is in saturation mode')
+disp('fan out is given by I(c)<=h(FE)I(B)')
+end
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH4/EX4.1.a.ii/ex_4_1_a_ii.pdf b/462/CH4/EX4.1.a.ii/ex_4_1_a_ii.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..cc7f11a57 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH4/EX4.1.a.ii/ex_4_1_a_ii.pdf diff --git a/462/CH4/EX4.1.a.ii/ex_4_a_ii.sce b/462/CH4/EX4.1.a.ii/ex_4_a_ii.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..219d9c41f --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH4/EX4.1.a.ii/ex_4_a_ii.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//example 4.1.a(ii)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+//for DTL NAND gate calculate fan out//
+disp('case II , if atleast one of the inputs is LOW')
+v=0.2+0.7;
+m=0.6+0.6+0.5;
+//min voltage for both diodes and transistor to be conducting//
+disp(v)
+disp('min voltage for both diodes and transistor to be conducting:')
+disp(m)
+if(v<m)
+disp('transistor is in cut off mode')
+disp('if the load gates are connected, the input diodes of the load gates are non conducting, which means the reverse saturation current of these diodes must be supplied through the collector resistor R(c), which will produce a voltage drop across R(c) and consequently the output voltage corresponding to HIGH state will be a little less than V(cc). The maximum current which can be supplied by the gate will depend upon V(OH). The fan out is determined on the basis of maximum current.')
+end
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH5/EX5.1/ex_5_1.pdf b/462/CH5/EX5.1/ex_5_1.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..4c807adef --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH5/EX5.1/ex_5_1.pdf diff --git a/462/CH5/EX5.1/ex_5_1.sce b/462/CH5/EX5.1/ex_5_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e46e86d86 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH5/EX5.1/ex_5_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//exmaple 5.1(c)//
+//simplification of an equation//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+disp('given=> Y=(A+BC)(B+C''A)')
+//given in the question//
+disp('on multiplication we get')
+disp('Y=AB+AC''+BC')
+disp('on further simplification we get')
+disp('BC+AC''')
+//answer after simplification//
+//as per theorem 1.19 given in the question//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH5/EX5.2/ex_5_2.pdf b/462/CH5/EX5.2/ex_5_2.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..9b92ffdb3 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH5/EX5.2/ex_5_2.pdf diff --git a/462/CH5/EX5.2/ex_5_2.sce b/462/CH5/EX5.2/ex_5_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3dc6e32b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH5/EX5.2/ex_5_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//example 5.2//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+//conversion of given equation to its canonical SOP form//
+disp('given=> Y=(AB+AC''+BC)')
+disp('on solving')
+disp('Y=AB(C+C'')+AC''(B+B'')+BC(A+A'')')
+disp('Y=ABC+ABC''+ABC''+AB''C''+ABC+A''BC')
+disp('Y=ABC+ABC''+AB''C''+A''BC')
+//using theorem 1.5//
+//result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH5/EX5.3/ex_5_3.pdf b/462/CH5/EX5.3/ex_5_3.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..b208bfbe9 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH5/EX5.3/ex_5_3.pdf diff --git a/462/CH5/EX5.3/ex_5_3.sce b/462/CH5/EX5.3/ex_5_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bbc7354e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH5/EX5.3/ex_5_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//example 5.3//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+//conversion of given equation to its canonical POS form//
+disp('given=> Y=(A+B)(A+C)(B+C'')')
+disp('on solving')
+disp('Y=(A+B+CC'')(A+BB''+C)(AA''+B+C'')')
+disp('Y=(A+B+C)(A+B+C'')(A+C+B)(A+C+B'')(A+B+C'')(A''+B+C'')')
+//using theorem 1.10//
+disp('Y=(A+B+C)(A+B+C'')(A+B''+C)(A''+B+C'')')
+//using theorem 1.6//
+//result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.1/ex_6_1.pdf b/462/CH6/EX6.1/ex_6_1.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..81ad785fa --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.1/ex_6_1.pdf diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.1/ex_6_1.sce b/462/CH6/EX6.1/ex_6_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..375460913 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.1/ex_6_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ +//example 6.1//
+//boolean equation using 8 to 1 mux//
+clc ;
+clear
+a (1 ,1) =0
+//taking input in this form 1 if A, 0 if A’ and 2 if no A in the term//
+a (1 ,2) =1
+a (1 ,3) =2
+a (2 ,1) =2
+a (2 ,2) =0
+a (2 ,3) =0
+a (3 ,1) =1
+a (3 ,2) =1
+a (3 ,3) =1
+p =3;
+for i =1:3
+//finding them in terms here//
+ coun =0;
+ for j =1:3
+ if a (i , j ) ==2 then
+ coun = coun +1
+ end
+ end
+ if coun == 2 then
+ p = p +3
+ else if coun ==1 then
+ p = p +1
+ end
+end
+end
+n =4;
+for m =4: p
+ for l =1:3
+ a (m , l ) =0;
+ end
+end
+for i = 1: p
+ for j =1:3
+ if a (i , j ) ==2 then
+ for k =1:3
+
+a (n , k ) = a (i , k )
+end
+a (i , j ) = 0;
+a (n , j ) =1;
+n = n +1;
+end
+end
+end
+for h =1: p
+f ( h ) =0
+c =2;
+for m =1:3
+//finding equivlent//
+end
+end
+disp ('the min terms are decimal values for the minterms f ( h ) = f ( h ) + a (h , m ) *(2^ c ) ;c =c -1; : ')
+//displaying the min terms//
+disp('ABC')
+disp(a)
+l =1
+o (1 , l ) = f ( l ) ;
+//removing the repetations in minterms//
+for i =2: p
+ q =0;
+ for b =1: l
+ if o (1 , b ) == f ( i ) then
+ q =89 ;
+ end
+ end
+ if q ==0 then
+ o (1 , l +1) = f ( i ) ;
+ l = l +1;
+ q =0;
+ end
+end
+disp ('The following data lines are to be given ’ ’ 1 ’ ’ and remaining should be given’ ’ 0') ;
+//displaying the decimal equivlent of minterms//
+disp(o) ;
+disp('For a 4−1 mux, we should give D0=C’’, D1 = ’’1’’, D2 = C'' and D3 = C with A and B as data selector inputs');
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.4.a/ex_6_4_a.pdf b/462/CH6/EX6.4.a/ex_6_4_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..e48d617d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.4.a/ex_6_4_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.4.a/ex_6_4_a.sce b/462/CH6/EX6.4.a/ex_6_4_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b0d7d6296 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.4.a/ex_6_4_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +//exmple 6 .4(a)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+a =0;
+b =0;
+q =0;
+//bb=input(”Enter the first no (in decimal) : ” ) ;
+//aa=input( ”Enter the number from which first no has to subtracted : ” ) ;
+aa =9;
+bb =5;
+while ( aa >0)
+//converting the inputs into binary numbers//
+ x = modulo ( aa ,2) ;
+ a = a + (10^ q ) * x ;
+ aa = aa /2;
+ aa = floor ( aa ) ;
+ q = q +1;
+end
+nn = a
+q =0;
+while ( bb >0)
+ x = modulo ( bb ,2) ;
+ b = b + (10^ q ) * x ;
+ bb = bb /2;
+
+bb = floor ( bb ) ;
+q = q +1;
+end
+printf ( ' \n The binary equivalent of first no is %f\n\n ' ,b ) ;
+printf ( 'The binary equivalent of second no is %f\n\n' ,a ) ;
+for i =1:40
+ a1 ( i ) = modulo (a ,10) ;
+ a = a /10;
+ a = round ( a ) ;
+ b1 ( i ) = modulo (b ,10) ;
+ b = b /10;
+ b = round ( b ) ;
+end
+bro (1) =0;
+for i =1:40
+ c1 ( i ) = a1 ( i ) - b1 ( i ) - bro ( i ) ;
+ if c1 ( i ) == -1 then
+ bro ( i +1) = 1;
+ c1 ( i ) =1;
+ elseif c1 ( i ) == -2 then
+ bro ( i +1) = 1;
+ c1 ( i ) =0;
+ else
+ bro ( i +1) =0;
+ end
+ end
+ re =0;
+ format ( 'v' ,18) ;
+ for i =1:40
+ re = re +( c1 ( i ) *(10^( i -1) ) )
+ end
+ printf ( ' The difference of given two numbers is %f\n\n ' , re ) ;
+q =1;
+b =0;
+f =0;
+a = re ;
+while (a >0)
+//converting the binary result to decimal then to hexadecimal//
+ r = modulo (a ,10) ;
+ b (1 , q ) = r ;
+ a = a /10;
+ a = floor ( a ) ;
+ q = q +1;
+end
+for m =1: q -1
+ c =m -1
+ f = f + b (1 , m ) *(2^ c ) ;
+end
+hex = dec2hex ( f ) ;
+printf ( ' Difference in decimal notation is %d\n\n ' ,f ) ;
+printf ( ' Difference in hexadecimal notation is %s \n ' , hex ) ;
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.4.b/ex_6_4_b.pdf b/462/CH6/EX6.4.b/ex_6_4_b.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..f56fe500b --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.4.b/ex_6_4_b.pdf diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.4.b/ex_6_4_b.sce b/462/CH6/EX6.4.b/ex_6_4_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5b70f3afb --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.4.b/ex_6_4_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +//exmple 6 .4(b)//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears already existing variables//
+a =0;
+b =0;
+q =0;
+//bb=input(”Enter the first no (in decimal) : ” ) ;
+//aa=input( ”Enter the number from which first no has to subtracted : ” ) ;
+aa =8;
+bb =1;
+while ( aa >0)
+//converting the inputs into binary numbers//
+ x = modulo ( aa ,2) ;
+ a = a + (10^ q ) * x ;
+ aa = aa /2;
+ aa = floor ( aa ) ;
+ q = q +1;
+end
+nn = a
+q =0;
+while ( bb >0)
+ x = modulo ( bb ,2) ;
+ b = b + (10^ q ) * x ;
+ bb = bb /2;
+
+bb = floor ( bb ) ;
+q = q +1;
+end
+printf ( ' \n The binary equivalent of first no is %f\n\n ' ,b ) ;
+printf ( 'The binary equivalent of second no is %f\n\n' ,a ) ;
+for i =1:40
+ a1 ( i ) = modulo (a ,10) ;
+ a = a /10;
+ a = round ( a ) ;
+ b1 ( i ) = modulo (b ,10) ;
+ b = b /10;
+ b = round ( b ) ;
+end
+bro (1) =0;
+for i =1:40
+ c1 ( i ) = a1 ( i ) - b1 ( i ) - bro ( i ) ;
+ if c1 ( i ) == -1 then
+ bro ( i +1) = 1;
+ c1 ( i ) =1;
+ elseif c1 ( i ) == -2 then
+ bro ( i +1) = 1;
+ c1 ( i ) =0;
+ else
+ bro ( i +1) =0;
+ end
+ end
+ re =0;
+ format ( 'v' ,18) ;
+ for i =1:40
+ re = re +( c1 ( i ) *(10^( i -1) ) )
+ end
+ printf ( ' The difference of given two numbers is %f\n\n ' , re ) ;
+q =1;
+b =0;
+f =0;
+a = re ;
+while (a >0)
+//converting the binary result to decimal then to hexadecimal//
+ r = modulo (a ,10) ;
+ b (1 , q ) = r ;
+ a = a /10;
+ a = floor ( a ) ;
+ q = q +1;
+end
+for m =1: q -1
+ c =m -1
+ f = f + b (1 , m ) *(2^ c ) ;
+end
+hex = dec2hex ( f ) ;
+printf ( ' Difference in decimal notation is %d\n\n ' ,f ) ;
+printf ( ' Difference in hexadecimal notation is %s \n ' , hex ) ;
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.5.a.i/ex_6_5_a_i.pdf b/462/CH6/EX6.5.a.i/ex_6_5_a_i.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..36455410f --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.5.a.i/ex_6_5_a_i.pdf diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.5.a.i/ex_6_5_a_i.sce b/462/CH6/EX6.5.a.i/ex_6_5_a_i.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c59b8fb34 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.5.a.i/ex_6_5_a_i.sce @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +// exmple 6.5(a)(i)
+clc ;
+clear ;
+// a=input (”enter the first 8 bit number :”) ;
+// b=input (”enter the second 8 bit number : ” ) ;
+ a =01100001 ;
+//taking given inputs//
+ b =00011101 ;
+ for i =1:8
+ a1 ( i ) = modulo (a ,10) ;
+ a = a /10;
+ a = round ( a ) ;
+ b1 ( i ) = modulo (b ,10) ;
+ b = b /10;
+ b = round ( b ) ;
+ end
+ car (1) =0;
+ for i =1:8
+//adding both the inputs (binary addition)//
+c1 ( i ) = car ( i ) + a1 ( i ) + b1 ( i ) ;
+if c1 ( i ) == 2 then
+car ( i +1) = 1;
+
+ c1 ( i ) =0;
+elseif c1 ( i ) ==3 then
+ car ( i +1) = 1;
+ c1 ( i ) =1;
+else
+ car ( i +1) =0;
+end
+end
+c1 (9) = car (9) ;
+re =0;
+format ( 'v' ,18) ;
+for i =1:9
+ re = re +( c1 ( i ) *(10^( i -1) ) )
+end
+printf ( ' The sum of given two binary numbers is %d\n ', re ) ;
+q =1;
+b =0;
+f =0;
+a = re ;
+while (a >0)
+//converting the result to a hexadecimal no//
+ r = modulo (a ,10) ;
+ b (1 , q ) = r ;
+ a = a /10;
+ a = floor ( a ) ;
+ q = q +1;
+end
+for m =1: q -1
+ c =m -1;
+ f = f + b (1 , m ) *(2^ c ) ;
+end
+hex = dec2hex ( f ) ;
+printf ('The sum in hexadecimal notation is %s \n' ,hex ) ;
+disp('the sum in decimal form is:')
+disp(f)
+//displaying result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.5.a.ii/ex_6_5_a_ii.pdf b/462/CH6/EX6.5.a.ii/ex_6_5_a_ii.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..03edd3e9e --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.5.a.ii/ex_6_5_a_ii.pdf diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.5.a.ii/ex_6_5_a_ii.sce b/462/CH6/EX6.5.a.ii/ex_6_5_a_ii.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..28949c7d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.5.a.ii/ex_6_5_a_ii.sce @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +// exmple 6.5.a(ii)
+clc ;
+clear ;
+a =0;
+b =0;
+q =0;
+ // bb=input( ” Enter the first no (in decimal) : ” ) ;
+ // aa=input( ” E n t e r t h e number from which first no has to substracted : ” ) ;
+aa =97;
+//taking the given input//
+bb =29;
+
+while ( aa >0)
+//converting the inputs into binary numbers//
+ x = modulo ( aa ,2) ;
+ a = a + (10^ q ) * x ;
+ aa = aa /2;
+ aa = floor ( aa ) ;
+ q = q +1;
+end
+q =0;
+while ( bb >0)
+ x = modulo ( bb ,2) ;
+ b = b + (10^ q ) * x ;
+ bb = bb /2;
+ bb = floor ( bb ) ;
+ q = q +1;
+end
+printf ( '\nThe binary equivalent of first no is %f\n \n ' ,b ) ;
+printf ( 'The binary equivalent of second no is %f\n\n' ,a ) ;
+for i =1:40
+ a1 ( i ) = modulo (a ,10) ;
+ a = a /10;
+ a = round ( a ) ;
+ b1 ( i ) = modulo (b ,10) ;
+ b = b /10;
+ b = round ( b ) ;
+end
+bro (1) =0;
+for i =1:40
+ c1 ( i ) = a1 ( i ) - b1 ( i ) - bro ( i ) ;
+//finding the difference of the given inputs//
+ if c1 ( i ) == -1 then
+ bro ( i +1) = 1;
+ c1 ( i ) =1;
+ elseif c1 ( i ) == -2 then
+ bro ( i +1) = 1;
+ c1 ( i ) =0;
+
+else
+bro ( i +1) =0;
+end
+end
+re =0;
+format ( 'v' ,18) ;
+for i =1:40
+ re = re +( c1 ( i ) *(10^( i -1) ) )
+end
+printf ( ' The diference of given two numbers is %f\n\n ' , re ) ;
+q =1;
+b =0;
+f =0;
+a = re ;
+while (a >0)
+ r = modulo (a ,10) ;
+ b (1 , q ) = r ;
+ a = a /10;
+ a = floor ( a ) ;
+ q = q +1;
+end
+for m =1: q -1
+ c =m -1
+ f = f + b (1 , m ) *(2^ c ) ;
+end
+hex = dec2hex ( f ) ;
+printf ( ' Difference in decimal notation is %d\n\n ' ,f ) ;
+//displaying the results//
+printf ( ' Difference in hexadecimal notation is %s \n ' , hex ) ;
diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.5.b.i/ex_6_5_b_i.pdf b/462/CH6/EX6.5.b.i/ex_6_5_b_i.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..e66e1692f --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.5.b.i/ex_6_5_b_i.pdf diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.5.b.i/ex_6_5_b_i.sce b/462/CH6/EX6.5.b.i/ex_6_5_b_i.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..36d63df25 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.5.b.i/ex_6_5_b_i.sce @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +// exmple 6.5(b)(i)
+clc ;
+clear ;
+// a=input (”enter the first 8 bit number :”) ;
+// b=input (”enter the second 8 bit number : ” ) ;
+ a =00011000 ;
+//taking given inputs//
+ b =00111010 ;
+ for i =1:8
+ a1 ( i ) = modulo (a ,10) ;
+ a = a /10;
+ a = round ( a ) ;
+ b1 ( i ) = modulo (b ,10) ;
+ b = b /10;
+ b = round ( b ) ;
+ end
+ car (1) =0;
+ for i =1:8
+//adding both the inputs (binary addition)//
+c1 ( i ) = car ( i ) + a1 ( i ) + b1 ( i ) ;
+if c1 ( i ) == 2 then
+car ( i +1) = 1;
+
+ c1 ( i ) =0;
+elseif c1 ( i ) ==3 then
+ car ( i +1) = 1;
+ c1 ( i ) =1;
+else
+ car ( i +1) =0;
+end
+end
+c1 (9) = car (9) ;
+re =0;
+format ( 'v' ,18) ;
+for i =1:9
+ re = re +( c1 ( i ) *(10^( i -1) ) )
+end
+printf ( ' The sum of given two binary numbers is %d\n ', re ) ;
+q =1;
+b =0;
+f =0;
+a = re ;
+while (a >0)
+//converting the result to a hexadecimal no//
+ r = modulo (a ,10) ;
+ b (1 , q ) = r ;
+ a = a /10;
+ a = floor ( a ) ;
+ q = q +1;
+end
+for m =1: q -1
+ c =m -1;
+ f = f + b (1 , m ) *(2^ c ) ;
+end
+hex = dec2hex ( f ) ;
+printf ('The sum in hexadecimal notation is %s \n' ,hex ) ;
+disp('the sum in decimal form is:')
+disp(f)
+//displaying result//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.5.b.ii/ex_6_5_b_ii.pdf b/462/CH6/EX6.5.b.ii/ex_6_5_b_ii.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..f7ec5a420 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.5.b.ii/ex_6_5_b_ii.pdf diff --git a/462/CH6/EX6.5.b.ii/ex_6_5_b_ii.sce b/462/CH6/EX6.5.b.ii/ex_6_5_b_ii.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e22ed3a9d --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH6/EX6.5.b.ii/ex_6_5_b_ii.sce @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +// exmple 6.5.b(ii)
+clc ;
+clear ;
+a =0;
+b =0;
+q =0;
+ // bb=input( ” Enter the first no (in decimal) : ” ) ;
+ // aa=input( ” E n t e r t h e number from which first no has to substracted : ” ) ;
+aa =58;
+//taking the given input//
+bb =24;
+
+while ( aa >0)
+//converting the inputs into binary numbers//
+ x = modulo ( aa ,2) ;
+ a = a + (10^ q ) * x ;
+ aa = aa /2;
+ aa = floor ( aa ) ;
+ q = q +1;
+end
+q =0;
+while ( bb >0)
+ x = modulo ( bb ,2) ;
+ b = b + (10^ q ) * x ;
+ bb = bb /2;
+ bb = floor ( bb ) ;
+ q = q +1;
+end
+printf ( '\nThe binary equivalent of first no is %f\n \n ' ,b ) ;
+printf ( 'The binary equivalent of second no is %f\n\n' ,a ) ;
+for i =1:40
+ a1 ( i ) = modulo (a ,10) ;
+ a = a /10;
+ a = round ( a ) ;
+ b1 ( i ) = modulo (b ,10) ;
+ b = b /10;
+ b = round ( b ) ;
+end
+bro (1) =0;
+for i =1:40
+ c1 ( i ) = a1 ( i ) - b1 ( i ) - bro ( i ) ;
+//finding the difference of the given inputs//
+ if c1 ( i ) == -1 then
+ bro ( i +1) = 1;
+ c1 ( i ) =1;
+ elseif c1 ( i ) == -2 then
+ bro ( i +1) = 1;
+ c1 ( i ) =0;
+
+else
+bro ( i +1) =0;
+end
+end
+re =0;
+format ( 'v' ,18) ;
+for i =1:40
+ re = re +( c1 ( i ) *(10^( i -1) ) )
+end
+printf ( ' The diference of given two numbers is %f\n\n ' , re ) ;
+q =1;
+b =0;
+f =0;
+a = re ;
+while (a >0)
+ r = modulo (a ,10) ;
+ b (1 , q ) = r ;
+ a = a /10;
+ a = floor ( a ) ;
+ q = q +1;
+end
+for m =1: q -1
+ c =m -1
+ f = f + b (1 , m ) *(2^ c ) ;
+end
+hex = dec2hex ( f ) ;
+printf ( ' Difference in decimal notation is %d\n\n ' ,f ) ;
+//displaying the results//
+printf ( ' Difference in hexadecimal notation is %s \n ' , hex ) ;
diff --git a/462/CH7/EX7.1/ex_7_1.pdf b/462/CH7/EX7.1/ex_7_1.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..e46fa3098 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH7/EX7.1/ex_7_1.pdf diff --git a/462/CH7/EX7.1/ex_7_1.sce b/462/CH7/EX7.1/ex_7_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0eeed6e77 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH7/EX7.1/ex_7_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//example 7.1//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears the command window//
+e=input('Enter the enable i/p level (1or0) :');
+//accepting the input of enable//
+r=input('enter the R i/p level(1or0):');
+//accepting the inputs from the user//
+s=input('enter the S i/p level(1or0):');
+//accepting the input S from the user//
+qn=input('Enter the previous output value (1or0):');
+//accepting the old input from the user//
+flag=0;
+if e==0 then
+//calculating the output//
+op=qn ;
+elseif(s==0 & r ==0) then
+op=qn ;
+elseif ( s ==1& r ==1) then
+disp('The inputs are illegal')
+flag=1;
+else
+op=s;
+end
+if(flag==0)
+disp('output(Qn+1)=')
+disp(op)
+end
+
+//displaying the output//
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH7/EX7.2/ex_7_2.pdf b/462/CH7/EX7.2/ex_7_2.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..5af3a0f3f --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH7/EX7.2/ex_7_2.pdf diff --git a/462/CH7/EX7.2/ex_7_2.sce b/462/CH7/EX7.2/ex_7_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d77680148 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH7/EX7.2/ex_7_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//example 7.2//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears the command window//
+disp('for SR flip flop Q(n+1)=S+R''Q(n)')
+disp('thus with S=JQ'' & R = KQ we get circuit which behaves like JK flip flop')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH8/EX8.2/ex_8_2.pdf b/462/CH8/EX8.2/ex_8_2.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..7e533e060 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH8/EX8.2/ex_8_2.pdf diff --git a/462/CH8/EX8.2/ex_8_2.sce b/462/CH8/EX8.2/ex_8_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..11276ca56 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH8/EX8.2/ex_8_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//example 8.2//
+clc
+//clears the screen//
+clear
+//clears the command window//
+s=4;
+//s=stage of ripple counter//
+d=50;
+//delay of flip-flop in nano sec//
+p=30;
+//pulse width in nano secs//
+f=1000/(s*d+p);
+disp('maximum frequency (in MHz) is')
+disp(f)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/462/CH9/EX9.3/ex_9_3_a.pdf b/462/CH9/EX9.3/ex_9_3_a.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100755 index 000000000..8c626a320 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH9/EX9.3/ex_9_3_a.pdf diff --git a/462/CH9/EX9.3/ex_9_3_a.sce b/462/CH9/EX9.3/ex_9_3_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7174ebe94 --- /dev/null +++ b/462/CH9/EX9.3/ex_9_3_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//example 9.3(a)//
+clc
+clear
+V=0.1*13/100.1;
+X=0.1*(-13)/100.1;
+disp('V(UT)=')
+disp(V)
+disp('V(LT)=')
+disp(X)
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