diff options
Diffstat (limited to '3845')
290 files changed, 4018 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/3845/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce b/3845/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5189817dc --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 1.1
+distance=10;//Distance (km)
+time=20;//Time (min)
+avg_speed_a=distance/time*60;//Average Speed (km/h)
+printf('a. Average speed = %0.1f km/h',avg_speed_a)
+avg_speed_b=avg_speed_a*1000/3600;//Average Speed (m/s)
+printf('\nb. Average speed = %0.2f m/s',avg_speed_b)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce b/3845/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f3bbaffe3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 1.2
+A=5;//Expected value of bag's weight (lb)
+delta_A=0.4;//Uncertainty in A (lb)
+percent_unc=delta_A/A*100;//Percent uncertainty of the weight
+printf('Percent uncertainty of the weight = %0.1f%%',percent_unc)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.sce b/3845/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e547445b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 1.3
+stories=39;//Number of stories in the building
+height_man=2;//Approximate height of an adult man (m)
+height_storey=2*height_man;//Approximate height of a single storey (m)
+height_building=2*height_man*stories;//Approximate height of building assuming height of 1 storey=2*height_man (m)
+printf('Approximate height of building = %0.1f m',height_building)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.sce b/3845/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..80061116d --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 1.4
+vol_stack=6*3*0.5;//Volume of a stack of 100 bills(in^3)=length(in)*width(in)*height(in)
+n_stacks=(1*10^12)/(1*10^4);//Number of stacks=(1 trillion $)/(dollars in a stack of 100$ bills)
+area=100*50*(3/1)*(3/1)*(12/1)*(12/1);//Area of football field (in^2)=length(yards)*width(yards)*conversion sq.yards to sq.in
+tot_vol=vol_stack*n_stacks;//Total volume of bills (in^3)
+height=tot_vol/area;//Height of bills (in)
+printf('Height of money = %0.2f in',height)
+printf('\nHeight of money = %0.2f ft',height/12)
+//Answers vary greatly because of the large approximations made in the textbook
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a47665a1c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 10.1
+delta_omega=250;//Angular velocity (rpm)
+delta_omega=250*2*%pi/60;//Angular velocity (rad/s)
+delta_t=5.00;//Time taken (s)
+alpha=delta_omega/delta_t;//Angular acceleration (rad/s^2)
+printf('a.Angular acceleration = %0.2f rad/s^2',alpha)
+delta_omega_b=-delta_omega;//Angular velocity (rad/s)
+alpha_b=-87.3;//Angular acceleration (rad/s^2)
+delta_t_b=delta_omega_b/alpha_b;//Time taken (s)
+printf('\nb.Time taken for the wheel to stop = %0.3f s',delta_t_b)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.10/Ex10_10.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.10/Ex10_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1c4835a59 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.10/Ex10_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 10.10
+m=0.75;//Mass of the cylinder (kg)
+h=2;//Height of incline (m)
+R=4*10^-2;//Radius of cylinder (m)
+g=9.8;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s)
+v=sqrt((m*g*h)/[(1/2*m)+(1/2*1/2*m*R^2/R^2)]);//Final velocity, See Equation 10.86 (m/s)
+printf('Final speed = %0.2f m/s',v)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.11/Ex10_11.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.11/Ex10_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..154d06f16 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.11/Ex10_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 10.11
+M=5.979*10^24;//Mass of the Earth (kg)
+R=6.376*10^6;//Radius of the Earth (m)
+I=2*M*R^2/5;//Moment of inertia (sphere) (kg.m^2)
+omega=1;//Angular velocity (rev/day)
+omega=1*2*%pi/(8.64*10^4);//Angular velocity (rad/s)
+//There are 8.64*10^4 seconds in a day
+L=I*omega;//Angular momentum (kg.m^2/s)
+printf('Angular momentum of the Earth = %0.2e kg.m^2/s',L)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.12/Ex10_12.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.12/Ex10_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1fc384520 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.12/Ex10_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Example 10.12
+F=2.5;//Force (N)
+r=0.26;//Radius of the lazy Susan tray (m)
+net_tau=r*F;//Net torque (N.m)
+delta_t=0.15;//Time (s)
+delta_L=net_tau*delta_t;//Change in angular momentum (kg.m^2/s)
+L=delta_L;//Final angular momentum since initial angular momentum is zero (kg.m^2/s)
+printf('a.Final angular momentum = %0.2e kg.m^2/s',L)
+M=4;//Mass of the lazy Susan (kg)
+I=1/2*M*r^2;//Moment of inertia (kg.m^2)
+omega=L/I;//Angular velocity (rad/s)
+printf('\nb.Final angular velocity = %0.3f rad/s',omega)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.13/Ex10_13.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.13/Ex10_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c7951dcb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.13/Ex10_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Example 10.13
+F=2000;//Force exerted (N)
+r=2.20*10^-2;//Lever arm (m)
+net_tau=r*F;//Net torque (N.m)
+I=1.25;//Moment of inertia (kg.m^2)
+alpha=net_tau/I;//Angular acceleration (rad/s^2)
+printf('a.Angular acceleration of the leg =%0.1f rad/s^2',alpha)
+theta=1;//Angular displacement (rad)
+omega_0=0;//Initial angular velocity (rad/s)
+omega=sqrt(omega_0^2+2*alpha*theta);//Final angular velocity (rad/s)
+KE_rot=(1/2)*I*omega^2;//Rotational kinetic energy (J)
+printf('\nb.Rotational kinetic energy of the leg = %0.1f J',KE_rot)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.14/Ex10_14.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.14/Ex10_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6dd3dffa2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.14/Ex10_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Example 10.14
+omega=0.8;//Angular velocity (rev/s)
+I=2.34;//Moment of inertia when arms are extended (kg.m^2)
+I_prime=0.363;//Moment of inertia when arms are close to the body (kg.m^2)
+m=60;//Mas of the skater (kg)
+omega_prime=I/I_prime*omega;//Angular velocity when arms are pulled in (rev/s)
+printf('a.Angular velocity when arms are pulled in = %0.2f rev/s',omega_prime)
+KE_rot=(1/2)*I*(omega*2*%pi)^2;//Rotational kinetic energy when arms are extended (J), also convert omega to units of rad/s
+printf('\nb.Initial rotational kinetic energy (extended arms) = %0.1f J',KE_rot)
+KE_rot_prime=(1/2)*I_prime*(omega_prime*2*%pi)^2;//Rotational kinetic energy when arms are pulled in (J), also convert omega to units of rad/s
+printf('\n Final rotational kinetic energy (arms pulled in) = %0.1f J',KE_rot_prime)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.15/Ex10_15.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.15/Ex10_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ccaeda1af --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.15/Ex10_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Example 10.15
+m=50*10^-3;//Mass of the disc (kg)
+v=30;//Initial velocity of the disc (m/s)
+M=2;//Mass of the stick (kg)
+r=1.2;//Length of the stick (m)
+I_prime=(m+M/3)*r^2;//Moment of inertia of the stick and disc stuck together, See Equation 10.128 (kg.m^2)
+omega_prime=m*v*r/I_prime;//Angular velocity (rad/s)
+printf('a.Angular velocity of the two (stick and disc) after collision = %0.2f rad/s',omega_prime)
+KE=(1/2)*m*v^2;//Initial kinetic energy (translational) (J)
+printf('\nb.Initial kinetic energy = %0.1f J',KE)
+KE_prime=(1/2)*I_prime*omega_prime^2;//Final kinetic energy (rotational) (J)
+printf('\n Final kinetic energy = %0.2f J',KE_prime)
+p=m*v;//Linear momentum before collision (kg.m/s)
+printf('\nc.Total linear momentum before collision = %0.2f kg.m/s',p)
+v_prime=r*omega_prime;//New velocity of the disk (m/s)
+p_prime=(m+M/2)*v_prime;//Linear momentum after collision (kg.m/s)
+printf('\n Total linear momentum after collision = %0.2f kg.m/s',p_prime)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d85ca0ecb --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 10.2
+delta_v=30;//Change in velocity (m/s)
+delta_t=4.20;//Time taken (s)
+a_t=delta_v/delta_t;//Linear acceleration (m/s^2)
+r=0.320;//Radius of wheel (m)
+alpha=a_t/r;//Angular acceleration (rad/s^2)
+printf('Angular acceleration of the wheel = %0.1f rad/s^2',alpha)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1ba6d80b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Example 10.3
+omega_0=0;//Initial angular velocity (rad/s)
+alpha=110;//Angular acceleration (rad/s^2)
+t=2;//Time (s)
+r=4.50*10^-2//Radius of reel (m)
+omega=omega_0+alpha*t;//Final angular velocity (rad/s)
+printf('a.Final angular velocity = %0.1f rad/s',omega)
+v=r*omega;//Speed of fishing line (m/s)
+printf('\nb.Speed of fishing line leaving the reel after 2.00s = %0.2f m/s',v)
+theta=omega_0+1/2*alpha*t^2;//Angle taken through (rad)
+theta1=theta/(2*%pi);//Revolutions (rev)
+printf('\nc.Number of revolutions made by the reel = %0.1f rev',theta1)
+x=r*theta;//Length of fishing line (m)
+printf('\nd.Length of fishing line that comes out of the reel in this duration = %0.2f m',x)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0ed8fd797 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 10.4
+omega_0=220;//Initial angular velocity (rad/s)
+omega=0;//Final angular velocity (rad/s)
+alpha=-300;//Angular acceleration (rad/s^2)
+t=(omega-omega_0)/alpha;//Time (s)
+printf('Time taken for the reel to stop spinning = %0.3f s',t)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..40969df9e --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 10.5
+r=0.350;//Radius of wheel (m)
+alpha=0.250;//Angular acceleration (rad/s^2)
+theta=200;//Revolutions (rev)
+theta=theta*2*%pi;//Angle taken through (rad)
+x=r*theta;//Distance (m)
+printf('a.Distance the train has moved = %0.1f',x)
+omega_0=0;//Initial angular velocity (rad/s)
+omega=sqrt(omega_0^2+2*alpha*theta)//Final angular velocity (rad/s)
+printf('\nb.Final angular velocity of the wheels= %0.1f rad/s',omega)
+v=r*omega;//Linear velocity of the train (m/s)
+printf('\n Linear velocity of the train = %0.2f m/s',v)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.6/Ex10_6.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.6/Ex10_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..74d5b7eb1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.6/Ex10_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 10.6
+omega=6.0;//Angular velocity (rpm)
+t=2;//Time (min)
+r=0.15;//Radius of plate (m)
+theta=omega*t;//Revolutions (rev)
+theta=theta*2*%pi;//Angle taken through (rad)
+x=r*theta;//Distance travelled (m)
+printf('Distance travelled by the fly = %0.2f m',x)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.7/Ex10_7.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.7/Ex10_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..08d651f08 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.7/Ex10_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Example 10.7
+M=50;//Mass of the merry-go-round (kg)
+R=1.50;//Radius of the merry-go-round (m)
+F=250;//Force exerted (N)
+theta=90;//Angle (deg)
+tau=R*F*sind(theta);//Torque (N.m)
+I=1/2*M*R^2;//Moment of inertia (kg.m^2)
+alpha1=tau/I;//Angular acceleration (rad/s^2)
+printf('a.Angular acceleration when no one is on the merry-go-round = %0.2f rad/s^2',alpha1)
+M1=18;//Mass of the child (kg)
+R1=1.25;//Distance of child from the center (m)
+I_c=M1*R1^2;//Moment of inertia of the child (kg.m^2)
+I=I_c+I;//Total moment of inertia (kg.m^2)
+alpha2=tau/I;//Angular acceleration (rad/s^2)
+printf('\nb.Angular acceleration when the child is on the merry-go-round = %0.2f rad/s^2',alpha2)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.8/Ex10_8.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.8/Ex10_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1722a01d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.8/Ex10_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Example 10.8
+r=0.320;//Radius of grindstone
+F=200;//Force exerted (N)
+theta=1;//Angle taken through (rad)
+net_tau=r*F;//Net torque (N.m)
+net_W=net_tau*theta;//Net work (J)
+printf('a.Net work done = %0.1f J',net_W)
+M=85;//Mass of grindstone (kg)
+omega_0=0;//Initial angular velocity (rad/s)
+I=1/2*M*r^2;//Moment of inertia (kg.m^2)
+alpha=net_tau/I;//Angular acceleration (rad/s^2)
+omega=sqrt(omega_0^2+2*alpha*theta);//Final angular velocity (rad/s)
+printf('\nb.Final angular velocity = %0.2f rad/s',omega)
+KE_rot=1/2*I*omega^2;//Rotational kinetic energy (J)
+printf('\nc.Final rotational kinetic energy = %0.1f J',KE_rot)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH10/EX10.9/Ex10_9.sce b/3845/CH10/EX10.9/Ex10_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c4bd43544 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH10/EX10.9/Ex10_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Example 10.9
+l=4;//Length of each blade (m)
+M=50;//Mass of each blade (kg)
+omega=300;//Angular velocity (rpm)
+omega=omega*2*%pi/60;//Angular velocity (rad/s)
+I=4*M*l^2/3;//Moment of inertia (kg/m^2)
+KE_rot=(1/2)*I*omega^2;//Rotational kinetic energy (J)
+printf('a.Rotational kinetic energy = %0.2e J',KE_rot)
+v=20;//Flight velocity (m/s)
+m=1000;//Total loaded mass of the helicopter (kg)
+KE_trans=(1/2)*m*v^2;//Translational kinetic energy (J)
+printf('\nb.Translational kinetic energy = %0.2e J',KE_trans)
+printf('\n Ratio of translational kinetic energy to rotational kinetic energy = %0.3f',KE_trans/KE_rot)
+g=9.8;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+h=(1/2)*I*omega^2/(m*g);//Maximum height (m)
+printf('\nc.Maximum height = %0.1f m',h)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.sce b/3845/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1f3c72994 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH11/EX11.1/Ex11_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 11.1
+A=50*(10^3)^2;//Surface area (m^2)
+h=40;//Average depth (m)
+rho=1*10^3;//Density of water (kg/m^3), See Table 11.1
+V=A*h;//Volume (m^3)
+m=rho*V;//Mass of water (kg)
+printf('Mass of water behind the dam = %0.2e kg',m)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.sce b/3845/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a0d9c77d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH11/EX11.10/Ex11_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 11.10
+m_w=8.630-7.800;//Mass of water displaced = apparent loss of mass, (g)
+rho_w=1;//Density of water (g/cm^3)
+V_w=m_w/rho_w;//Volume of water displaced (cm^3)
+V_c=V_w;//Volume of coin = volume of water displaced, (cm^3)
+m_c=8.630;//Mass of coin (g)
+rho_c=m_c/V_c;//Density of coin (g/cm^3)
+printf('Density of the coin = %0.1f g/cm^3',rho_c)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.sce b/3845/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5a8e0a4a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH11/EX11.11/Ex11_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 11.11
+r=2*10^-4;//Radius of soap bubble (m)
+Gamma=0.037;//Surface tension of soapy water (N/m), See Table 11.3
+P=4*Gamma/r;//Gauge pressure inside the soap bubble (Pa)
+printf('Gauge pressure inside the soap bubble = %0.1f Pa',P)
+P1=P*1/133;//Gauge pressure inside the soap bubble (mm Hg)
+printf('\nGauge pressure inside the soap bubble = %0.2f mm Hg',P1)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH11/EX11.12/Ex11_12.sce b/3845/CH11/EX11.12/Ex11_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..de672fad3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH11/EX11.12/Ex11_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 11.12
+Gamma=0.0728;//Surface tension (N/m)
+theta=0;//Contact angle (deg)
+rho=1050;//Density (kg/m^3)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+h=100;//Height (m)
+r=(2*Gamma*cosd(theta))/(rho*g*h);//Radius of capillary tube (m)
+printf('Radius of capillary tube required = %0.2e m',r)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH11/EX11.13/Ex11_13.sce b/3845/CH11/EX11.13/Ex11_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3491aada9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH11/EX11.13/Ex11_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 11.13
+F=3;//Force (N)
+A=1*(10^-2)^2;//Are of eardrum (m^2)
+P_g=F/A;//Pressure (N/m^2)
+P_g1=P_g*1/133;//Pressure (mm Hg)
+printf('a.Maximum tolerable gauge pressure = %0.2e N/m^2 or %0.1f mm Hg',P_g,P_g1)
+rho=1*10^3;//Density of water (kg/m^3)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+h=P_g/(rho*g);//Depth of water (m)
+printf('\nb.Depth of water = %0.2f m',h)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.sce b/3845/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..aa1e9077b --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH11/EX11.2/Ex11_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 11.2
+P=6.90*10^6;//Pressure (Pa)
+r=0.150/2;//Radius of disk (m)
+A=%pi*r^2;//Area of disk (m^2)
+F=P*A;//Force (N)
+printf('Force exerted on the flat end of the tank = %0.2e N',F)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.sce b/3845/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c326a26aa --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH11/EX11.3/Ex11_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Example 11.3
+h=40;//Average depth (m)
+rho=1*10^3;//Density of water (kg/m^3), See Table 11.1
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+P=h*rho*g;//Pressure (Pa)
+printf('a.Average pressure on the dam = %0.0f kPa',P/1000)
+w=500;//Width of dam (m)
+d=80;//Depth of dam (m)
+A=w*d;//Area of dam (m^2)
+F=P*A;//Force (N)
+printf('\nb.Force exerted against the dam = %0.2e N',F)
+//Discussion
+W=1.96*10^13;//Weight of water in the dam (N)
+printf('\nDiscussion:\nThe force exerted on the dam is %0.4f%% of the weight of water in the dam',F/W*100)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.sce b/3845/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..dc87728e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH11/EX11.4/Ex11_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 11.4
+P=1.01*10^5;//Atmospheric pressure (N/m^2)
+h=120*10^3;//Altitude (m)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+rho=P/(h*g);//Average density (kg/m^3)
+printf('Average density of the atmosphere = %0.2e kg/m^3',rho)
+rho_table=1.29;//Density of air, See Table 11.1 (kg/m^3)
+printf('\nRatio of density of air (1.29 kg/m^3, as listed in Table 11.1) to the average density of the atmosphere = %0.1f',rho_table/rho)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.sce b/3845/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..efafff2c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH11/EX11.5/Ex11_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 11.5
+P=1.01*10^5;//Pressure (N/m^2) , which is equal to 1 atm
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+rho=1*10^3;//Density of water (kg/m^3)
+h=P/(rho*g);//Depth (m)
+printf('Depth below the surface of water = %0.1f m',h)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.sce b/3845/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..66147fc93 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH11/EX11.6/Ex11_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 11.6
+F1=500;//Force on master cylinder (N)
+r1=(0.500*10^-2)/2;//Master cylinder radius (m)
+A1=%pi*r1^2;//Cross-sectional area of master cylinder (m^2)
+r2=(2.50*10^-2)/2;//Slave cylinder radius (m)
+A2=%pi*r2^2;//Cross-sectional area of slave cylinder (m^2)
+F2=A2*F1/A1;//Force on slave cylinder (N)
+printf('Force on slave cylinder = %0.2e N',F2)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.sce b/3845/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..34ed27341 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH11/EX11.7/Ex11_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 11.7
+P=18;//Blood pressure (mm Hg)
+P=18*133/1.00;//Blood pressure (Pa)
+rho=1.00;//Density of fluid (g/ml)
+rho=rho*10^3;//Density of fluid (kg/m^3)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+h=P/(rho*g);//Height (m)
+printf('Height at which IV bag must be placed = %0.2f m',h)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.sce b/3845/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b6e117260 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH11/EX11.8/Ex11_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Example 11.8
+m_st=1*10^7;//Mass of steel (kg)
+rho_st=7.8*10^3;//Density of steel (kg/m^3), See Table 11.1
+V_st=m_st/rho_st;//Volume of steel (m^3)
+rho_w=1*10^3;//Density of water (kg/m^3), See Table 11.1
+V_w=V_st;//Volume of water displaced (m^3)
+m_w=rho_w*V_w;//Mass of water displaced (kg)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+w_w=m_w*g;//Weight of water displaced (N)
+F_B=w_w;//Buoyant force (N)
+printf('a.Buoyant force = %0.1e N',F_B)
+
+V_w1=1*10^5;//Volume of water displaced
+m_w1=rho_w*V_w1;//Mass of water displaced (kg)
+w_w1=m_w1*g;//Weight of water displaced (N)
+F_B1=w_w1;//Buoyant force (N)
+printf('\nb.Buoyant force = %0.2e N',F_B1)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.sce b/3845/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e0d69231b --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH11/EX11.9/Ex11_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 11.9
+f_sub=0.97;//Fraction submerged
+rho_fl=10^3;//Density of fluid (kg/m^3)
+rho_person=f_sub*rho_fl;//Density of person (kg/m^3)
+printf('Average density of the person = %0.1f kg/m^3',rho_person)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..50457b802 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 12.1
+Q=5;//Flow rate (L/min)
+Q=Q/10^3;//Flow rate (m^3/min)
+t=75;//Time (y)
+t=t*(365*24*60);//Time (min)
+V=Q*t;//Volume (m^3)
+printf('Volume of blood pumped in 75 years = %0.1e m^3',V)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..26a421fc9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 12.10
+rho=1.29;//Density from table (kg/m^3)
+v=40;//Speed (m/s)
+L=7.40*10^-2;//Characteristic length (m)
+eta=1.81*10^-5;//Viscosity from table (Pa.s)
+N_R_v=(rho*v*L)/eta;//Reynolds number
+printf('Reynolds number = %0.2e (object in fluid)',N_R_v)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9fee63003 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 12.11
+x_rms=1*10^-2;//Root-mean-square distance (m)
+D=6.7*10^-10;//Diffusion constant for glucose molecule in water (m^2/s)
+t=x_rms^2/(2*D);//Time (s)
+t=t/(60*60);//Time (h)
+printf('Time taken for a glucose molecule to move 1 cm in water = %0.2f h',t)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..188a322d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 12.2
+r1=0.9*10^-2;//Radius of garden hose (m)
+A1=%pi*r1^2;//Cross-sectional area of hose (m^2)
+Q=0.5;//Flow rate (L/s)
+Q=Q/10^3;//Flow rate (m^3/s)
+v1=Q/A1;//Speed of water in the hose (m/s)
+printf('a.Speed of water in the hose = %0.2f m/s',v1)
+r2=0.25*10^-2;//Radius of nozzle (m)
+A2=%pi*r2^2;//Cross-sectional area of nozzle (m^2)
+v2=A1*v1/A2;//Speed of water in the nozzle from continuity equation (m/s)
+printf('\nb.Speed of water in the nozzle = %0.1f m/s',v2)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..587b5c9f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 12.3
+Q=5;//Flow rate (L/min)
+Q=Q/(10^3*60);//Flow rate (m^3/s)
+r1=10*10^-3;//Radius of aorta (m)
+A1=%pi*r1^2;//Cross-sectional area of aorta (m^2)
+v1=Q/A1;//Average speed of blood in the aorta (m/s)
+printf('a.Average speed of the blood in the aorta = %0.2f m/s',v1)
+n1=1;//Number of aorta
+r2=(8*10^-6)/2;//Radius of capillary (m)
+A2=%pi*r2^2;//Cross-sectional area of capillary (m^2)
+v2=0.33*10^-3;//Average speed of blood in the capillary (m/s)
+n2=(n1*A1*v1)/(A2*v2);//Number of capillaries
+printf('\nb.Number of capillaries = %0.1e',n2)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3a2aee004 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 12.4
+P2=1.01*10^5;//Absolute pressure in the nozzle (N/m^2)
+v1=1.96;//Speed of water in the hose (m/s)
+v2=25.5;//Speed of water in the nozzle (m/s)
+rho=10^3;//Density of water (kg/m^3)
+P1=P2+1/2*rho*(v2^2-v1^2);//Abolute pressure in the hose from Bernoulli's equation (N/m^2)
+printf('Absolute pressure in the hose = %0.2e N/m^2',P1)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..377afceb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Example 12.5
+r1=(6.40*10^-2)/2;//Radius of the hose (m)
+A1=%pi*r1^2;//Cross-sectional area of the hose (m^2)
+r2=(3*10^-2)/2;//Radius of the nozzle (m)
+A2=%pi*r2^2;//Cross-sectional area of the nozzle (m^2)
+Q=40;//Flow rate (L/s)
+Q=Q/10^3;//Flow rate (m^3/s)
+v1=Q/A1;//Speed of water in hose (m/s)
+v2=Q/A2;//Speed of water in nozzle (m/s)
+rho=1000;//Density of water (kg/m^3)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+h2=10;//Height above ground (m)
+P1=1.62*10^6;//Gauge pressure inside the hose at the start (N/m^2)
+//Taking initial height h1=0 (m)
+P2=P1+1/2*rho*(v1^2-v2^2)-(rho*g*h2);//Nozzle pressure from Bernoulli's equation (N/m^2)
+printf('(Gauge) Pressure in the nozzle = %0.1f N/m^2',P2)
+//The answer provided in the textbook is wrong
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ca2bd1e3c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 12.6
+P1=1.62*10^6;//Pressure at the hose inlet, see Example 12.5 (N/m^2)
+P_h=0.7*10^6;//Pressure at hydrant outlet (N/m^2)
+P=P1-P_h;//Pressure increase due to the pump (N/m^2)
+Q=40;//Flow rate, See Example 12.5 (L/s)
+Q=Q/10^3;//Flow rate (m^3/s)
+power=P*Q;//Power (W)
+printf('Power supplied by the pump = %0.1f kW',power/1000)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8400502a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 12.7
+//Deriving from Poiseuille's law and considering flow rate has halved [Q2=0.5Q1], we get
+//(r2/r1)^4=Q2/Q1
+//r2/r1=(0.5)^1/4;
+ratio=(0.5)^(1/4);
+printf('The radius of the coronary artery after plaque deposits is %0.3f times the initial radius,\na decrease of %0.2f%%',ratio,[(1-ratio)/1*100])
+//The answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f689b8fb4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 12.8
+Q=0.120;//Flow rate (cm^3/s)
+Q=Q*(10^-2)^3;//Flow rate (m^3/s)
+r=0.150*10^-3;//Radius of needle (m)
+l=2.50*10^-2;//Length of needle (m)
+eta=1*10^-3;//Viscosity of saline solution(N.s/m^2)
+P1=8;//Gauge pressure in vein (mm Hg)
+P1=P1*133/1.00;//Gauge pressure in vein (N/m^2)
+P2=[(8*eta*l*Q)/(%pi*r^4)]+P1;//Pressure required from Poiseuille's law (N/m^2)
+printf('Pressure required at the needle''s entrance = %0.2e N/m^2',P2)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a317b18ed --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Example 12.9
+Q=0.120;//Flow rate (cm^3/s)
+Q=Q*(10^-2)^3;//Flow rate (m^3/s)
+r=0.150*10^-3;//Radius of needle (m)
+eta=1*10^-3;//Viscosity of saline solution(N.s/m^2)
+//Above information from Exercise 12.8
+//////////////////////////////////////
+A=%pi*r^2;//Cross-sectional area of needle
+v=Q/A;//Fluid speed (m/s)
+rho=1025;//Density of saline solution (kg/m^3)
+N_R=(2*rho*v*r)/eta;//Reynolds number
+printf('Reynolds number = %0.1f (flow in tube)',N_R)
+if N_R<2000 disp('The flow is laminar')
+elseif N_R>=2000&N_R<=3000 disp('The flow is unstable')
+else disp('The flow is turbulent')
+end
+//Answer slightly varies with the textbook given answer
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.sce b/3845/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..04344cfcf --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH13/EX13.1/Ex13_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 13.1
+T_C=25;//Temperature (C)
+T_F=(9/5*T_C)+32;//Temperature (F)
+printf('a.Room temperature = %0.1f F',T_F)
+T_K=T_C+273.15;//Temperature (K)
+printf('\nb.Room temperature = %0.1f K',T_K)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH13/EX13.10/Ex13_10.sce b/3845/CH13/EX13.10/Ex13_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3964e12a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH13/EX13.10/Ex13_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Example 13.10
+T=20;//Temperature (C)
+T=T+273;//Temperature (K)
+k=1.38*10^-23;//Boltzmann constant (J/K)
+KE=3/2*k*T;//Kinetic energy (J)
+printf('a.Average kinetic energy of the gas molecule = %0.2e J',KE)
+M=2*14.0067*10^-3;//Molecular mass of nitrogen N2 (kg/mol)
+N_A=6.02*10^23;//Avogadro's number (mol^-1)
+m=M/N_A;//Mass of nitrogen molecule (kg)
+v_rms=sqrt(3*k*T/m);//RMS speed (m/s)
+printf('\nb.RMS speed of the nitrogen molecule = %0.1f m/s',v_rms)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH13/EX13.11/Ex13_11.sce b/3845/CH13/EX13.11/Ex13_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..09119a305 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH13/EX13.11/Ex13_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 13.11
+v=11.1*10^3;//Escape velocity (m/s)
+v_rms=v;//RMS speed (m/s)
+molar_m=4.0026*10^-3;//Molar mass (kg/mol)
+N_A=6.02*10^23;//Avogadro's number (mol^-1)
+m=molar_m/N_A;//Mass of Helium atom (kg)
+k=1.38*10^-23;//Boltzmann constant (J/K)
+T=m*v_rms^2/(3*k);//Temperature (K)
+printf('Temperature = %0.2e K',T)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH13/EX13.12/Ex13_12.sce b/3845/CH13/EX13.12/Ex13_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0f28fe8ed --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH13/EX13.12/Ex13_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Example 13.12
+T=20;//Temperature (C)
+T=T+273;//Temperature (K)
+P=2.33*10^3;//Vapor pressure of water at 20 deg C (Pa), See Table 13.5
+R=8.31;//Ideal gas constant (J/mol.K)
+M=18;//Molecular mass of water (g/mol)
+//From ideal gas law, n/V=rho=P/(RT)
+//n=number of moles, V=volume (m^3), rho=density (mol/m^3)
+rho=P/(R*T);//Density (mol/m^3)
+rho=rho*M;//Density (g/m^3)
+printf('Density of water vapor = %0.1f g/m^3',rho)
+sat_rho=17.2;//Saturation vapor density, See Table 13.5 (g/m^3)
+//Here it is found that rho=sat_rho
+x=abs(rho-sat_rho);//Difference (g/m^3)
+if (x<0.1)//For a maximum difference of less than 0.1 g/m^3 (assumed)
+ printf('\nDensity of water vapor calculated is equal to the saturation vapor density found in Table 13.5')
+ end
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH13/EX13.13/Ex13_13.sce b/3845/CH13/EX13.13/Ex13_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..59de564d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH13/EX13.13/Ex13_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 13.13
+v_rho=9.40;//Vapor density (g/m^3)
+sat_rho=23.0;//Saturation vapor density at 25 deg C, See Table 13.5 (g/m^3)
+rel_hum=v_rho/sat_rho*100;//Percent relative humidity
+printf('a.Percent relative humidity = %0.1f%%',rel_hum)
+printf('\nb.The answer to this sub question is beyond the scope of computation')
+//Dew point temperature = -10 deg C
+v_rho1=2.36;//Vapor density = Saturation vapor density at dew point from Table 13.5 (g/m^3)
+sat_rho1=23;//Saturation vapor density at 25 deg C, See Table 13.5 (g/m^3)
+rel_hum1=v_rho1/sat_rho1*100;//Percent relative humidity
+printf('\nc.Percent relative humidity = %0.1f%%',rel_hum1)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce b/3845/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ced7e04e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH13/EX13.2/Ex13_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +//Example 13.2
+T_C=25;//Temperature(C)
+T_R=0.8*T_C;//Temperature (R (Reaumur))
+printf('Room temperature = %0.1f R',T_R)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce b/3845/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6b0ac6b1e --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH13/EX13.3/Ex13_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 13.3
+L=1275;//Length when coldest (m)
+delta_T=40-(-15);//Temperature range (C)
+alpha=12*10^-6;//Coefficient of linear thermal expansion (C^-1), See Table 13.2
+delta_L=alpha*L*delta_T;//Change in length (m)
+printf('Change in length = %0.2f m',delta_L)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.sce b/3845/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ba8bf6560 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH13/EX13.4/Ex13_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 13.4
+beta_s=35*10^-6;//Coefficient of volume expansion of steel (C^-1)
+beta_gas=950*10^-6;//Coefficient of volume expansion of gasoline (C^-1)
+V=60;//Volume of tank (L)
+delta_T=35-15;//Change in temperature (C)
+V_spill=(beta_gas-beta_s)*V*delta_T;//Volume of gasoline spilled (See textbook for derivation) (L)
+printf('Volume of gasoline spilled = %0.2f L',V_spill)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH13/EX13.5/Ex13_5.sce b/3845/CH13/EX13.5/Ex13_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..036dfe5fd --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH13/EX13.5/Ex13_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 13.5
+B=1*10^9;//Bulk modulus of gasoline (N/m^2)
+delta_V=1.10;//Volume of gasoline that would spill, See Example 13.4 (L)
+V=60;//Volume of tank, See Example 13.4 (L)
+P=delta_V*B/V;//Pressure (after derivation)(Pa)
+printf('Pressure created in the tank = %0.2e Pa',P)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH13/EX13.6/Ex13_6.sce b/3845/CH13/EX13.6/Ex13_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..30e1f2c2e --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH13/EX13.6/Ex13_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 13.6
+T_0=18;//Initial temperature (C)
+T_0=T_0+273;//Initial temperature (K)
+T_f=35;//Final temperature (C)
+T_f=T_f+273;//Final temperature (K)
+P_0=7*10^5;//Initial pressure (Pa)
+P_f=P_0*T_f/T_0;//Final presssure (after derivation)(Pa)
+printf('Pressure after temperature rise = %0.2e Pa',P_f)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH13/EX13.7/Ex13_7.sce b/3845/CH13/EX13.7/Ex13_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2f6c027f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH13/EX13.7/Ex13_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 13.7
+T=0;//Temperature (C)
+T=T+273;//Temperature (K)
+P=1.01*10^5;//Pressure (Pa)
+V=1;//Volume (m^3)
+k=1.38*10^-23;//Boltzmann constant (J/K)
+N=(P*V)/(k*T);//Number of molecules
+printf('Number of molecules in 1 m^3 of gas at STP = %0.2e',N)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH13/EX13.8/Ex13_8.sce b/3845/CH13/EX13.8/Ex13_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fda7dcda2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH13/EX13.8/Ex13_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 13.8
+N=2.68*10^25;//Number of molecules in 1 m^3 of gas at STP, See Example 13.7 (molecules/m^3)
+N_A=6.02*10^23;//Avogadro's number (molecules/mol)
+n=N/N_A;//Moles per cubic meter (mol/m^3)
+printf('a.Number of moles per cubic meter of gas at STP = %0.1f mol/m^3',n)
+v=1;//Volume (m^3)
+v=v*10^3;//Volume (L/m^3)
+n_l=v/n;//Liters per mole (L/mol)
+printf('\nb.Number of liters of gas per mole = %0.1f L/mol',n_l)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH13/EX13.9/Ex13_9.sce b/3845/CH13/EX13.9/Ex13_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6336127fd --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH13/EX13.9/Ex13_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 13.9
+P=7*10^5;//Pressure (Pa)
+V=2*10^-3;//Volume (m^3)
+T=18;//Temperature (C)
+T=T+273;//Temperature (K)
+R=8.31;//Ideal gas constant (J/(mol.K))
+n=(P*V)/(R*T);//Moles (mol)
+printf('Number of moles = %0.3f mol',n)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH14/EX14.1/Ex14_1.sce b/3845/CH14/EX14.1/Ex14_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d627447c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH14/EX14.1/Ex14_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Example 14.1
+T_f=80;//Final temperature (C)
+T_i=20;//Initial temperature (C)
+delta_T=T_f-T_i;//Temperature change (C)
+rho=1000;//Density of water (kg/m^3)
+V=0.250;//Volume (L)
+V=V*10^-3;//Volume (m^3)
+m_W=rho*V;//Mass of water (kg)
+c_W=4186;//Specific heat of water (J/kg.C), See Table 14.1
+Q_W=m_W*c_W*delta_T/1000;//Heat required by water(kJ)
+printf('a.Heat required by water= %0.1f kJ',Q_W)
+m_Al=0.5;//Mass of aluminum (kg)
+c_Al=900;//Specific heat of aluminum (J/kg.C), See Table 14.1
+Q_Al=m_Al*c_Al*delta_T/1000;//Heat required by aluminum (kJ)
+printf('\n Heat required by pan = %0.1f kJ',Q_Al)
+Q_total=Q_W+Q_Al;//Total heat transferred (kJ)
+printf('\n Total Heat required = %0.1f kJ',Q_total)
+printf('\nb.Percentage of heat used to heat the pan = %0.1f%%',Q_Al/Q_total*100)
+printf('\nc.Percentage of heat used to heat the water = %0.1f%%',Q_W/Q_total*100)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH14/EX14.2/Ex14_2.sce b/3845/CH14/EX14.2/Ex14_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3db0a3b90 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH14/EX14.2/Ex14_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 14.2
+M=10000;//Mass of truck (kg)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+h=75;//Vertical displacement (m)
+delta_PE=M*g*h;//Change in gravitational potential energy (J)
+Q=delta_PE;//Heat transferred (J)
+m=100;//Mass of brake material (kg)
+c=800;//Specific heat of brake material (J/kg.C)
+delta_T=Q/(m*c);//Temperature increase (C)
+printf('Temperature increase of brake material = %0.2f C',delta_T)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH14/EX14.3/Ex14_3.sce b/3845/CH14/EX14.3/Ex14_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4e0ea5edc --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH14/EX14.3/Ex14_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 14.3
+m_Al=0.5;//Mass of aluminum pan (kg)
+c_Al=900;//Specific heat of aluminum (J/kg.C)
+T_Al=150;//Initial temperature of pan (C)
+m_W=0.25;//Mass of water (kg)
+c_W=4186;//Specific heat of water (J/kg.C)
+T_W=20;//Initial temperature of water (C)
+T_f=[(m_Al*c_Al*T_Al)+(m_W*c_W*T_W)]/(m_Al*c_Al+m_W*c_W);//Final temperature, See Equation 14.15 (C)
+printf('Final temperature = %0.1f C',T_f)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH14/EX14.4/Ex14_4.sce b/3845/CH14/EX14.4/Ex14_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b204b659f --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH14/EX14.4/Ex14_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 14.4
+m_ice=3*6;//Mass of ice cubes (g)
+m_ice=m_ice/1000;//Mass of ice cubes (kg)
+L_f=334000;//Latent heat of fusion of water (J/kg)
+c_W=4186;//Specific heat of water (and soda) (J/kg.C)
+T_ice=0;//Initial temperature of ice cubes (C)
+m_soda=0.25;//Mass of soda (kg)
+T_soda=20;//Initial temperature of soda (C)
+T_f=[(m_soda*c_W*T_soda)-(m_ice*L_f)]/[(m_soda+m_ice)*c_W];//Final temperature after derivation (C)
+printf('Final temperature = %0.2f C',T_f)
+//An error of more than 2% due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH14/EX14.5/Ex14_5.sce b/3845/CH14/EX14.5/Ex14_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c0194e20b --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH14/EX14.5/Ex14_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Example 14.5
+A=0.950;//Area (m^2)
+d=2.5*10^-2;//Thickness (m)
+T1=0;//Temperature inside the box (C)
+T2=35;//Temperature outside the box (C)
+t=24*60*60;//Time, convert 1 day to seconds (s)
+k=0.010;//Thermal conductivity of styrofoam (J/s.m.C)
+rate=[k*A*(T2-T1)]/d;//Rate of conductive heat transfer (J/s)
+Q=rate*t;//Heat energy transferred (J)
+L_f=334*10^3;//Latent heat of fusion of water (J/kg)
+m=Q/L_f;//Mass of ice melted (kg)
+printf('Amount of ice that melts in one day = %0.2f kg',m)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH14/EX14.6/Ex14_6.sce b/3845/CH14/EX14.6/Ex14_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9cbe94e25 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH14/EX14.6/Ex14_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 14.6
+d=0.8*10^-2;//Thickness of pan bottom (m)
+r=(14/2)*10^-2;//Radius of pan (m)
+A=%pi*r^2;//Area of pan bottom (m^2)
+k=220;//Thermal conductivity of aluminum (J/s.m.C)
+m=1*10^-3;//Mass of water (kg)
+L_v=2256*10^3;//Latent heat of vaporization (J/kg)
+Q=m*L_v;//Heat of vaporization of 1g of water (J)
+rate=Q/1;//Rate of heat transfer,Q/t, (J/s)
+delta_T=rate*d/(k*A);//Temperature difference (C)
+printf('Temperature difference across the bottom of the pan = %0.2f C',delta_T)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH14/EX14.7/Ex14_7.sce b/3845/CH14/EX14.7/Ex14_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..823622881 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH14/EX14.7/Ex14_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 14.7
+rho=1.29;//Density of air (kg/m^3)
+V=12*18*3;//Volume (m^3)
+m=rho*V;//Mass of air (kg)
+c=1000;//Specific heat of air (J/kg.C), See Table 14.4
+delta_T=10;//Change in temperature (C)
+Q=m*c*delta_T;//Heat transferred (J)
+t=30*60;//Time,minutes converted to seconds,(s)
+rate=Q/t;//Heat transfer rate(W)
+printf('Rate of heat transfer = %0.2f kW',rate/1000)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH14/EX14.8/Ex14_8.sce b/3845/CH14/EX14.8/Ex14_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9b9a59a2f --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH14/EX14.8/Ex14_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 14.8
+rate_heat=120;//Rate of production of heat, Q/t, (W) or (J/s)
+L_v=2430;//Latent heat of vaporization (kJ/kg) or (J/g), See Table 14.2
+rate_mass=rate_heat/L_v;//Rate at which water must evaporate (g/s)
+rate_mass=rate_mass*60;//Rate at which water must evaporate (g/min)
+printf('Water must evaporate at a rate = %0.2f g/min',rate_mass)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH14/EX14.9/Ex14_9.sce b/3845/CH14/EX14.9/Ex14_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..368f2bde2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH14/EX14.9/Ex14_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 14.9
+T1=33;//Person's temperature (C)
+T1=T1+273;//Person's temperature (K)
+T2=22;//Ambient temperature of room (C)
+T2=T2+273;//Ambient temperature of room (K)
+A=1.50;//Surface area of skin (m^2)
+e=0.97;//Emissivity
+sigma=5.67*10^-8;//Stefan-Boltzmann constant (J/s.m^2.K^4)
+rate=sigma*e*A*(T2^4-T1^4);//Rate of radiative heat transfer (J/s)
+printf('Rate of radiative heat transfer = %0.2f W',rate)
+//The answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH15/EX15.1/Ex15_1.sce b/3845/CH15/EX15.1/Ex15_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..736f625df --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH15/EX15.1/Ex15_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Example 15.1
+Q=40-25;//Net heat transfer (J)
+W=10-4;//Net work done (J)
+delta_U=Q-W;//Change in internal energy (J)
+printf('a.Change in internal energy = %0.2f J',delta_U)
+//Another approach:
+//Q1=40;//Heat transfer into system for process 1(J)
+//W1=10;//Work done by the system for process 1 (J)
+//delta_U1=Q1-W1;//Change in internal energy for process 1 (J)
+//Q2=-25;//Heat transfer out of the system for process 2 (J)
+//W2=-4;//Work done on the system for process 2 (J)
+//delta_U2=Q2-W2;//Change in internal energy for process 2 (J)
+//delta_U=delta_U1+delta_U2;//Total change in internal energy (J)
+
+Qb=-150;//Net heat transfer (J)
+Wb=-159;//Net work done (J)
+delta_Ub=Q-W;//Change in internal energy (J)
+printf('\nb.Change in internal energy = %0.2f J',delta_Ub)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH15/EX15.2/Ex15_2.sce b/3845/CH15/EX15.2/Ex15_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e8ab459fe --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH15/EX15.2/Ex15_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Example 15.2
+//See Figure 15.12 (b)
+P_AB=1.50*10^6;//Pressure along path AB (N/m^2)
+delta_V_AB=500*10^-6;//Volume change along path AB (m^3)
+W_AB=P_AB*delta_V_AB;//Work along path AB (J)
+W_BC=0;//Work along isochoric path BC is zero as delta_V_BC=0, (J)
+P_CD=2*10^5;//Pressure along path CD (N/m^2)
+delta_V_CD=-500*10^-6;//Volume change along path CD (m^3)
+W_CD=P_CD*delta_V_CD;//Work along path CD (J)
+W_DA=0;//Work along isochoric path DA is zero as delta_V_DA=0, (J)
+W=W_AB+W_BC+W_CD+W_DA;//Total work (J)
+printf('a.Total work = %0.1f J',W)
+area=(P_AB-P_CD)*delta_V_AB;//Area inside the rectangle (J)
+printf('\nb.Area inside the rectangle ABCDA = %0.1f J',area)
+if area==W
+ printf('\nArea = %0.1fJ = W',area)
+end
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH15/EX15.3/Ex15_3.sce b/3845/CH15/EX15.3/Ex15_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..853a15d86 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH15/EX15.3/Ex15_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 15.3
+Q_h=2.5*10^14;//Heat transfer from coal (J)
+Q_c=1.48*10^14;//Heat transfer into the environment (J)
+W=Q_h-Q_c;//Work done (J)
+printf('a.Work done by the power station = %0.2e J',W)
+Eff=W/Q_h;//Efficiency
+printf('\nb.Efficiency of the power station = %0.3f or %0.1f%%',Eff,Eff*100)
+q=2.5*10^6;//Heat transfer per kg of coal (J/kg)
+m_coal=Q_h/q;//Mass of coal consumed per day (kg)
+//If 12kg of coal results in the production of 44kg of CO2
+m_CO2=m_coal*44/12;//Amount of CO2 produced daily (kg)
+printf('\nc.Amount of CO2 produced daily = %0.1e kg or %0.1f metric tons',m_CO2,m_CO2/1000)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH15/EX15.4/Ex15_4.sce b/3845/CH15/EX15.4/Ex15_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c581639da --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH15/EX15.4/Ex15_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 15.4
+Tc=27;//Cold reservoir temperature (C)
+Tc=Tc+273;//Cold reservoir temperature (K)
+Th=300;//Hot reservoir temperature (C)
+Th=Th+273;//Hot reservoir temperature (K)
+Eff_C=1-Tc/Th;//Theoretical efficiency
+printf('Maximum theoretical efficiency for the heat engine = %0.3f or %0.1f%%',Eff_C,Eff_C*100)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH15/EX15.5/Ex15_5.sce b/3845/CH15/EX15.5/Ex15_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4c087b820 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH15/EX15.5/Ex15_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 15.5
+Tc=-15;//Cold reservoir temperature (C)
+Tc=Tc+273;//Cold reservoir temperature (K)
+Th=45;//Hot reservoir temperature (C)
+Th=Th+273;//Hot reservoir temperature (K)
+Eff_C=1-Tc/Th;//Carnot efficiency
+COP_hp=1/Eff_C;//Coefficient of performance of the heat pump
+printf('Coefficient of performance for the heat pump = %0.2f',COP_hp)
+printf('\nHeat transfer Q_h is %0.2f times the work input W',COP_hp)
+//Since COP_hp=Q_h/W
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH15/EX15.6/Ex15_6.sce b/3845/CH15/EX15.6/Ex15_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..80c49dc43 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH15/EX15.6/Ex15_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 15.6
+Tc=250;//Cold reservoir temperature (K)
+Th=600;//Hot reservoir temperature (K)
+Q_h=4000;//Heat transfer from hot reservoir (J)
+Q_c=4000;//Heat transfer to cold reservoir (J)
+delta_S_h=-Q_h/Th;//Entropy change for hot reservoir (J/K)
+delta_S_c=Q_c/Tc;//Entropy change for cold reservoir (J/K)
+delta_S_tot=delta_S_h+delta_S_c;//Total entropy change (J/K)
+printf('Total change in entropy = %0.2f J/K',delta_S_tot)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH15/EX15.7/Ex15_7.sce b/3845/CH15/EX15.7/Ex15_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fa85142c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH15/EX15.7/Ex15_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Example 15.7
+Tc=100;//Cold reservoir temperature (K)
+Th=600;//Hot reservoir temperature (K)
+Q_h=4000;//Heat transfer to the engine (J)
+Eff_C=1-Tc/Th;//Carnot efficiency
+W=Eff_C*Q_h;//Work output (J)
+printf('a.Work output = %0.1f J',W)
+Tc_b=250;//Cold reservoir temperature for 1st Carnot engine in (b), (K)
+Eff_C_b=1-Tc/Tc_b;//Carnot efficiency
+W_b=Eff_C_b*Q_h;//Work output (J)
+printf('\nb.Work output = %0.1f J',W_b)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH15/EX15.8/Ex15_8.sce b/3845/CH15/EX15.8/Ex15_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2e597f18e --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH15/EX15.8/Ex15_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 15.8
+m=1;//Mass of ice (kg)
+L_f=334*10^3;//Latent heat of fusion (J/kg)
+Q=m*L_f;//Heat required to melt the given mass of ice (J)
+T=0;//Melting temperature of ice (C)
+T=T+273;//Melting temperature of ice (K)
+delta_S=Q/T;//Change in entropy (J/K)
+printf('Increase in entropy = %0.2e J/K',delta_S)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH15/EX15.9/Ex15_9.sce b/3845/CH15/EX15.9/Ex15_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2cf84fba8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH15/EX15.9/Ex15_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 15.9
+Wi=1.4*10^28;//Number of microstates for the initial macrostate, see Table 15.4
+Wf=1*10^29;//Number of microstates for the final macrostate, see Table 15.4
+k=1.38*10^-23;//Boltzmann’s constant (J/K)
+Si=k*log(Wi);//Entropy of the system in the initial macrostate (J/K)
+Sf=k*log(Wf);//Entropy of the system in the final macrostate (J/K)
+delta_S=Sf-Si;//Change in entropy (J/K)
+printf('Change in entropy = %0.1e J/K',delta_S)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH16/EX16.1/Ex16_1.sce b/3845/CH16/EX16.1/Ex16_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9b032877c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH16/EX16.1/Ex16_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 16.1
+x=-1.20*10^-2;//Displacement (m)
+m=80;//Mass of the person (kg)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+w=m*g;//Weight of the man (N)
+F=w;//Force (N)
+k=-F/x;//Force constant (N/m)
+printf('The force constant of the suspension system = %0.2e N/m',k)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH16/EX16.10/Ex16_10.sce b/3845/CH16/EX16.10/Ex16_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..392d26c31 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH16/EX16.10/Ex16_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 16.10
+//Initial amplitude of waves = X
+//Amplitude of resulting wave = 2X
+//Intensity is proportional to amplitude^2
+I=1;//Initial intensity (W/m^2)
+I_prime=4*I;//Intensity of resulting wave after derivation (W/m^2)
+printf('Intensity of resulting wave = %0.2f W/m^2',I_prime)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH16/EX16.2/Ex16_2.sce b/3845/CH16/EX16.2/Ex16_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c0e65dff7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH16/EX16.2/Ex16_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 16.2
+k=50;//Force constant of spring (N/m)
+x=0.150;//Spring deformation (m)
+PE_el=1/2*k*x^2;//Elastic potential energy (J)
+printf('a.Energy stored in the spring = %0.3f J',PE_el)
+KE_f=PE_el;//Kinetic energy (J)
+m=2*10^-3;//Mass of projectile (kg)
+v=sqrt(2*KE_f/m);//Speed of projectile (J/kg)^(1/2) or (m/s)
+printf('\nb.Speed of the projectile = %0.1f m/s',v)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH16/EX16.3/Ex16_3.sce b/3845/CH16/EX16.3/Ex16_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..09feaa383 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH16/EX16.3/Ex16_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 16.3
+T=0.400*10^-6;//Time period (s)
+f=1/T;//Frequency (Hz)
+printf('a.Frequency of oscillation = %0.2e Hz',f)
+f1=264;//Frequency of middle C (Hz)
+T1=1/f1;//Time period (s)
+printf('\nb.Time period of oscillation = %0.2f ms',T1*1000)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH16/EX16.4/Ex16_4.sce b/3845/CH16/EX16.4/Ex16_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1300fdd49 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH16/EX16.4/Ex16_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 16.4
+m=900;//Mass of the car and load (kg)
+k=6.53*10^4;//Force constant (N/m)
+f=1/(2*%pi)*sqrt(k/m);//Frequency (Hz)
+printf('Frequency of oscillation = %0.2f Hz',f)
+T=1/f;//Time period (s)
+printf('\nTime period of oscillation = %0.3f s',T)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH16/EX16.5/Ex16_5.sce b/3845/CH16/EX16.5/Ex16_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7af8cbcbf --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH16/EX16.5/Ex16_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 16.5
+L=75*10^-2;//Length (m)
+T=1.7357;//Time period (s)
+//Assuming angle of deflection is less than 15 degrees
+g=4*%pi^2*L/T^2;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+printf('Acceleration due to gravity = %0.4f m/s^2',g)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH16/EX16.6/Ex16_6.sce b/3845/CH16/EX16.6/Ex16_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ecf382cb9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH16/EX16.6/Ex16_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 16.6
+m=900;//Mass of car (kg)
+k=6.53*10^4;//Force constant of suspension system (N/m)
+X=0.100;//Amplitude (m)
+v_max=sqrt(k/m)*X;//Vertical velocity (m/s)
+printf('Maximum vertical velocity = %0.3f m/s',v_max)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH16/EX16.7/Ex16_7.sce b/3845/CH16/EX16.7/Ex16_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e833c63ca --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH16/EX16.7/Ex16_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 16.7
+m=0.200;//Mass (kg)
+mu_k=0.0800;//Coefficient of friction
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+f=mu_k*m*g;//Force (N)
+printf('a.Frictional force between the surfaces = %0.3f N',f)
+k=50;//Force constant of spring (N/m)
+X=0.100;//Distance of object from equilibrium when released (m)
+d=k/(2*mu_k*m*g)*[X^2-(mu_k*m*g/k)^2];//Distance (m)
+printf('\nb.Distance travelled by the object =%0.2f m',d)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH16/EX16.8/Ex16_8.sce b/3845/CH16/EX16.8/Ex16_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a6cdd40d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH16/EX16.8/Ex16_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 16.8
+lambda=10;//Wavelength (m)
+T=5;//Time period (s)
+v_w=lambda/T;//Wave velocity (m/s)
+printf('Wave velocity = %0.2f m/s',v_w)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH16/EX16.9/Ex16_9.sce b/3845/CH16/EX16.9/Ex16_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1f7de0e88 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH16/EX16.9/Ex16_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 16.9
+I=700;//Intensity of sunlight (W/m^2)
+A=0.500;//Area of solar collector (m^2)
+t=4;//Time (h)
+t=t*60*60;//Time (s)
+E=I*A*t;//Energy (J)
+printf('a.Energy falling on solar collector = %0.2e J',E)
+R_area=200;//Ratio of old area to new area
+I_new=R_area*I;//New intensity after derivation (W/m^2)
+printf('\nb.Intensity of concentrated sunlight = %0.2e W/m^2',I_new)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH17/EX17.1/Ex17_1.sce b/3845/CH17/EX17.1/Ex17_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a8db2ad05 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH17/EX17.1/Ex17_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 17.1
+T=30;//Temperature (C)
+T=T+273;//Temperature (K)
+v_w=331*sqrt(T/273);//Speed of sound in air at sea level(m/s)
+f_min=20;//Minimum frequency (Hz)
+f_max=20000;//Maximum frequency (Hz)
+lambda_max=v_w/f_min;//Maximum wavelength (m)
+printf('Maximum wavelength = %0.0f m',lambda_max)//Restricting answer to two significant figures
+lambda_min=v_w/f_max;//Minimum wavelength (m)
+printf('\nMinimum wavelength = %0.1f cm',lambda_min*100)
+//The answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH17/EX17.2/Ex17_2.sce b/3845/CH17/EX17.2/Ex17_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4a6263d5d --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH17/EX17.2/Ex17_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 17.2
+v_w=331;//Speed of sound in air at 0 deg C (m/s)
+rho=1.29;//Density of air (kg/m^3)
+delta_p=0.656;//Pressure amplitude (Pa)
+I=delta_p^2/(2*rho*v_w);//Intensity (W/m^2)
+I_0=10^-12;//Threshold intensity at 1000 Hz (W/m^2)
+Beta=10*log10(I/I_0);//Sound intensity level (dB)
+printf('Sound intensity level = %0.1f dB',Beta)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH17/EX17.3/Ex17_3.sce b/3845/CH17/EX17.3/Ex17_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..55b79f5cb --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH17/EX17.3/Ex17_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +//Example 17.3
+ratio=2;//Ratio of the two sound wave intensities, I2/I1
+delta_beta=10*log10(ratio);//Difference in sound intensity levels, beta2-beta1, (dB)
+printf('Difference in sound level = %0.2fdB (when one sound wave is twice as intense as the other)',delta_beta)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH17/EX17.4/Ex17_4.sce b/3845/CH17/EX17.4/Ex17_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3b0888f94 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH17/EX17.4/Ex17_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Example 17.4
+f_s=150;//Frequency of horn (Hz)
+v_s=35;//Speed of train (m/s)
+v_w=340;//Speed of sound (m/s)
+f_obs1=f_s*(v_w/(v_w-v_s));//Frequency as the train approaches (Hz)
+printf('a.Frequency observed as the train approaches = %0.1f Hz',f_obs1)
+f_obs2=f_s*(v_w/(v_w+v_s));//Frequency after the train passes (Hz)
+printf('\n Frequency observed after the train passes = %0.1f Hz',f_obs2)
+v_obs=v_s;//Speed of observer (train's engineer) (m/s)
+//v_s and v_obs are both positive for this case, see point (3) under Solution for(b)
+f_obs=[f_s*((v_w+v_obs)/v_w)]*(v_w/(v_w+v_s));
+printf('\nb.Frequency observed by the train''s engineer = %0.1f Hz',f_obs)
+//The answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH17/EX17.5/Ex17_5.sce b/3845/CH17/EX17.5/Ex17_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b6a690ee9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH17/EX17.5/Ex17_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 17.5
+f_1=128;//Fundamental frequency (Hz)
+T=22;//Temperature (C)
+T=T+273;//Temperature (K)
+v_w=331*sqrt(T/273);//Speed of sound (m/s)
+L=v_w/(4*f_1);//Length of tube (m)
+printf('a.Length of tube = %0.3f m',L)
+n=9;//For fourth overtone
+f_9=n*v_w/(4*L);//Frequency of fourth overtone (Hz)
+printf('\nb.Frequency of the fourth overtone = %0.2f kHz',f_9/1000)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH17/EX17.6/Ex17_6.sce b/3845/CH17/EX17.6/Ex17_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e8edb2872 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH17/EX17.6/Ex17_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 17.6
+//This question is beyond the scope of computation.
+//Refer the plot of intensity level versus frequency to obtain below answers (Figure 17.36)
+//a.Loudness = 75 phons
+//b.Intensity level = 67 dB
+//c.Intensity level = 63 dB
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH17/EX17.7/Ex17_7.sce b/3845/CH17/EX17.7/Ex17_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..dbae15d50 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH17/EX17.7/Ex17_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 17.7
+rho=925;//Density of fat tissue (kg/m^3), See Table 17.5
+v=1450;//Speed of ultrasound (m/s), See Table 17.5
+Z=rho*v;//Acoustic impedance of fat tissue (kg/(m^2.s)),
+printf('a.Acoustic impedance of fat tissue = %0.2e kg/(m^2.s)',Z)
+Z1=1.70*10^6;//Acoustic impedance of muscle (kg/(m^2.s)), See Table 17.5
+Z2=Z;//Acoustic impedance of fat tissue (kg/(m^2.s))
+a=(Z2-Z1)^2/(Z1+Z2)^2;//Intensity reflection coefficient
+printf('\nb.Intensity reflection coefficient = %0.3f',a)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH17/EX17.8/Ex17_8.sce b/3845/CH17/EX17.8/Ex17_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..74bb8e3da --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH17/EX17.8/Ex17_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Example 17.8
+f_s=2500000;//Frequency of ultrasound (Hz)
+v_w=1540;//Speed of sound in human tissue (m/s)
+v_obs=20*10^-2;//Speed of blood (m/s)
+f_obs=f_s*((v_w+v_obs)/v_w);//Frequency received by the blood (Hz)
+printf('a.Frequency received by the blood = %7.0f Hz',f_obs)
+v_b=v_obs;//Source velocity=velocity of blood (m/s)
+f_obs=f_obs*(v_w/(v_w-v_b));//Frequency that returns to source (Hz)
+printf('\nb.Frequency that returns to source = %7.0f Hz',f_obs)
+f_B=abs(f_obs-f_s);//Beat frequency (Hz)
+printf('\nc.Beat frequency produced = %0.2f Hz',f_B)
+//Answer given in the textbook is wrong for (a)
+//Answer varies for (c) due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH18/EX18.1/Ex18_1.sce b/3845/CH18/EX18.1/Ex18_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..eaee3c813 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH18/EX18.1/Ex18_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 18.1
+r=0.530*10^-10;//Separation (m)
+k=8.99*10^9;//Coulomb's constant (N.m^2/C^2)
+q1=-1.60*10^-19;//Charge of electron (C)
+q2=1.60*10^-19;//Charge of proton (C)
+F=k*abs(q1*q2)/r^2;//Coulomb force (N)
+printf('Electrostatic force = %0.2e N',F)
+G=6.67*10^-11;//Gravitational constant (N.m^2/kg^2)
+m=9.11*10^-31;//Electron mass (kg)
+M=1.67*10^-27;//Proton mass (kg)
+F_G=G*m*M/r^2;//Gravitational force (N)
+printf('\nGravitational force = %0.2e N',F_G)
+printf('\nRatio of electrostatic force to gravitational force = %0.2e',F/F_G)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH18/EX18.2/Ex18_2.sce b/3845/CH18/EX18.2/Ex18_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..788b63f50 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH18/EX18.2/Ex18_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 18.2
+Q=2.00*10^-9;//Charge (C)
+k=8.99*10^9;//Coulomb's constant (N.m^2/C^2)
+r=5*10^-3;//Distance (m)
+E=k*Q/r^2;//Electric field strength (N/C)
+printf('Electric field strength = %0.2e N/C',E)
+if E>0
+ printf('\nDirection of electric field points away from the charge')
+else
+ printf('\nDirection of electric field points towards the charge')
+end
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH18/EX18.3/Ex18_3.sce b/3845/CH18/EX18.3/Ex18_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..993c97164 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH18/EX18.3/Ex18_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 18.3
+q=-0.250*10^-6;//Charge (C)
+E=7.20*10^5;//Electric field strength, See Example 18.2 (N/C)
+F=-q*E;//Force (N)
+printf('Force on the charge = %0.3f N',F)
+if q<0
+ printf('\nDirection of force is opposite to direction of field')
+else
+ printf('\nDirection of force is the same as the direction of field')
+end
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH18/EX18.4/Ex18_4.sce b/3845/CH18/EX18.4/Ex18_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b9a774619 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH18/EX18.4/Ex18_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Example 18.4
+k=8.99*10^9;//Coulomb's constant (N.m^2/C^2)
+q1=5*10^-9;//Charge 1 (C)
+q2=10*10^-9;//Charge 2 (C)
+r1=2*10^-2;//Distance of charge 1 from the origin (m)
+r2=4*10^-2;//Distance of charge 2 from the origin (m)
+E1=k*q1/r1^2;//Electric field strength at origin due to q1 (N/C)
+E2=k*q2/r2^2;//Electric field strength at origin due to q2 (N/C)
+E_tot=sqrt(E1^2+E2^2);//Total electric field strength (N/C)
+printf('Magnitude of total electric field = %0.2e N/C',E_tot)
+theta=atand(E1/E2);//Direction (deg)
+printf('\nDirection of total electric field = %0.1f degrees',theta)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH18/EX18.5/Ex18_5.sce b/3845/CH18/EX18.5/Ex18_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..90f626e10 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH18/EX18.5/Ex18_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Example 18.5
+m=4*10^-15;//Mass of gasoline drop (kg)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+w=m*g;//Weight of the drop (N)
+printf('a.Weight of the drop = %0.2e N',w)
+q=3.20*10^-19;//Charge (C)
+E=3*10^5;//Electric field strength (N/C)
+F=q*E;//Electric force (N)
+printf('\nb.Electric force on the drop = %0.2e N',F)
+F_net=F-w;//Net Force (N)
+a=F_net/m;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('\nc.Acceleration of the drop = %0.1f m/s^2',a)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH19/EX19.1/Ex19_1.sce b/3845/CH19/EX19.1/Ex19_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..43096baa5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH19/EX19.1/Ex19_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 19.1
+q1=5000;//Charge moved by motorcycle battery (C)
+q2=60000;//Charge moved by car battery (C)
+delta_V=12;//Potential difference of motorcycle/car battery (V)
+delta_PE_cycle=q1*delta_V;//Change in potential energy due to motorcycle battery (J)
+delta_PE_car=q2*delta_V;//Change in potential energy due to car battery (J)
+printf('Energy output of motorcycle battery = %0.2e J',delta_PE_cycle)
+printf('\nEnergy output of car battery = %0.2e J',delta_PE_car)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH19/EX19.10/Ex19_10.sce b/3845/CH19/EX19.10/Ex19_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..66e1657fb --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH19/EX19.10/Ex19_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 19.10
+C1=1*10^-6;//Capacitance of capacitor 1 (F)
+C2=5*10^-6;//Capacitance of capacitor 2 (F)
+C3=8*10^-6;//Capacitance of capacitor 3 (F)
+C_s=1/(1/C1+1/C2);//Effective capacitance of capacitors in series (F)
+C_tot=C_s+C3;//Total capacitance (F)
+printf('Total capacitance of the combination = %0.3e F',C_tot)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH19/EX19.11/Ex19_11.sce b/3845/CH19/EX19.11/Ex19_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b58fc907d --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH19/EX19.11/Ex19_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 19.11
+E_cap=4*10^2;//Energy stored in capacitor (J)
+V=1*10^4;//Voltage (V)
+C=2*E_cap/V^2;//Capacitance (F)\
+printf('Capacitance = %0.2e F',C)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH19/EX19.2/Ex19_2.sce b/3845/CH19/EX19.2/Ex19_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3e902ea76 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH19/EX19.2/Ex19_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 19.2
+delta_PE=-30;//Energy lost per second (J)
+delta_V=12;//Potential difference (V)
+q=delta_PE/delta_V;//Charge moved (C)
+n_e=q/(-1.60*10^-19);//Number of electrons passing per second
+//-1.60*10^-19 C is the charge of an electron
+printf('Number of electrons passing per second = %0.2e',n_e)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH19/EX19.3/Ex19_3.sce b/3845/CH19/EX19.3/Ex19_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cf9e5f6c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH19/EX19.3/Ex19_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 19.3
+q=-1.60*10^-19;//Charge of electron (C)
+V=-100;//Potential difference (V)
+m=9.11*10^-31;//Mass of electron (kg)
+v=sqrt(2*q*V/m);//Final speed (m/s)
+//Above equation derived from equation of conservation of energy
+printf('Final speed of electron = %0.2e m/s',v)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH19/EX19.4/Ex19_4.sce b/3845/CH19/EX19.4/Ex19_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f3a89bdf6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH19/EX19.4/Ex19_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 19.4
+d=2.5*10^-2;//Distance between plates (m)
+E=3*10^6;//Maximum electric field (V/m)
+V_AB=E*d;//Maximum voltage (V)
+printf('Maximum voltage = %d kV (approx)',V_AB/1000)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH19/EX19.5/Ex19_5.sce b/3845/CH19/EX19.5/Ex19_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f153d477f --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH19/EX19.5/Ex19_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 19.5
+E1=25000//Energy supplied (eV)
+Q=1;//Charge on single electron (e (elementary charge))
+V_AB=E1/Q;//Potential difference between plates (V)
+d=4*10^-2;//Distance between plates (m)
+E=V_AB/d;//Electric field (V/m)
+printf('a.Electric field strength between plates = %0.2e V/m',E)
+q=0.5*10^-6;//Charge on plastic piece(C)
+F=q*E;//Force (N)
+printf('\nb.Force exerted by the field on plastic piece = %0.3f N',F)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH19/EX19.6/Ex19_6.sce b/3845/CH19/EX19.6/Ex19_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..889d5ecc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH19/EX19.6/Ex19_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 19.6
+k=8.99*10^9;//Coulomb's constant (N.m^2/C^2)
+Q=-3*10^-9;//Charge (C)
+r=5*10^-2;//Distance (m)
+V=k*Q/r;//Voltage (V)
+printf('Voltage = %0.2f V',V)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH19/EX19.7/Ex19_7.sce b/3845/CH19/EX19.7/Ex19_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..33bf67cf3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH19/EX19.7/Ex19_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 19.7
+r=(25/2)*10^-2;//Radius of sphere (m)
+V=100*10^3;//Voltage (V)
+k=8.99*10^9;//Coulomb's constant (N.m^2/C^2)
+Q=r*V/k;//Excess charge (C)
+printf('Excess charge on the sphere = %0.2e C',Q)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH19/EX19.8/Ex19_8.sce b/3845/CH19/EX19.8/Ex19_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..432fcf06d --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH19/EX19.8/Ex19_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 19.8
+eps_0=8.85*10^-12;//Permittivity of free space (F/m)
+A=1;//Area of metal plates (m^2)
+d=1*10^-3;//Distance between plates (m)
+C=eps_0*A/d;//Capacitance (F)
+printf('a.Capacitance = %0.2f nF',C/10^-9)
+V=3*10^3;//Applied voltage (V)
+Q=C*V;//Stored charge (C)
+printf('\nb.Charge stored in the capacitor = %0.2f microC',Q/10^-6)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH19/EX19.9/Ex19_9.sce b/3845/CH19/EX19.9/Ex19_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b43bf77f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH19/EX19.9/Ex19_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 19.9
+C1=1*10^-6;//Capacitance of capacitor 1 (F)
+C2=5*10^-6;//Capacitance of capacitor 2 (F)
+C3=8*10^-6;//Capacitance of capacitor 3 (F)
+C_s=1/(1/C1+1/C2+1/C3);//Effective capacitance in series (F)
+printf('Total capacitance when connected in series = %0.3f microF',C_s/10^-6)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c63ac039a --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.1/Ex2_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 2.1
+v_0=0;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+v_f=-15;//Final velocity (due west) (m/s)
+delta_v=v_f-v_0;//Change in velocity (m/s)
+delta_t=1.80;//Time period (s)
+a=delta_v/delta_t;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('Acceleration = %0.2f m/s^2',a)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.10/Ex2_10.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.10/Ex2_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6dba84d1d --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.10/Ex2_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 2.10
+a=26;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+x_0=0;//Initial position (m)
+v_0=0;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+t=5.56;//Time (s)
+x=x_0+v_0*t+(1/2)*a*t^2;//Final position or distance travelled (m)
+printf('Distance travelled by the dragster = %0.1f m',x)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.11/Ex2_11.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.11/Ex2_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d41a8f7d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.11/Ex2_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 2.11
+//Also see Example 2.10
+a=26;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+x_0=0;//Initial position (m)
+x=402;//Final position (m), See Example 2.10
+v_0=0;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+v=sqrt(v_0^2+2*a*(x-x_0));//Final velocity (m/s)
+printf('Final velocity of the dragster = %0.1f m',v)
+//Positive value of v considered as it is to be in the same direction as acceleration (which is positive)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.12/Ex2_12.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.12/Ex2_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4520d37cc --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.12/Ex2_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Example 2.12
+a_dry=-7;//Acceleration on dry concrete (m/s^2)
+a_wet=-5;//Acceleration on wet concrete (m/s^2)
+v_0=30;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+v=0;//Final velocity (m/s)
+x_0=0;//Initial position (m)
+x_dry=(v^2-v_0^2)/(2*a_dry)+x_0;//Distance to stop on dry concrete (m)
+printf('a.Distance to stop on dry concrete = %0.1f m',x_dry)
+x_wet=(v^2-v_0^2)/(2*a_wet)+x_0;//Distance to stop on wet concrete (m)
+printf('\nb.Distance to stop on wet concrete = %0.1f m',x_wet)
+t_reaction=0.5;//Reaction time (s)
+x_0_reaction=0;//Initial position at the time of traffic light turning red (m)
+x_reaction=x_0_reaction+v_0*t_reaction;//Distance travelled during reaction time (m)
+//Total stopping distance = x_dry(or x_wet)+x_reaction
+printf('\nc.Distance to stop on dry concrete from the time the traffic light turns red = %0.1f m',x_dry+x_reaction)
+printf('\n Distance to stop on wet concrete from the time the traffic light turns red = %0.1f m',x_wet+x_reaction)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.13/Ex2_13.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.13/Ex2_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d9ed1cd5f --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.13/Ex2_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Example 2.13
+x_0=0;//Position at the start of the ramp (m)
+x=200;//Position at the end of the ramp (m)
+v_0=10;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+a=2;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+//Use the equation x=x_0+v_0*t+(1/2)*a*t^2 and rearrange to form a quadratic equation with t as the variable
+//(1/2)*a*t^2+v_0*t+(x_0-x)=0
+p=[((1/2)*a) (v_0) (x_0-x)];//Coefficients of the polynomial
+r=roots(p);//Roots of the polynomial)
+//The roots are complex-encoded due to rounding off errors. This may be checked by using
+//disp(isreal(r(1,1)))
+//disp(isreal(r(2,1)))
+//which result in 'T' if real and 'F' if an imaginary part is involved
+if real(r(2,1))<0//Taking the real part
+ printf('Time taken to travel 200m up the ramp = %0.1f s',r(1,1))
+else
+ printf('Time taken to travel 200m up the ramp = %0.1f s',r(2,1))
+end
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.14/Ex2_14.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.14/Ex2_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..609f7d356 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.14/Ex2_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +//Example 2.14
+y_0=0;//Initial position (m)
+v_0=13;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+a=-g;//Acceleration (it is negative as the rock is thrown upwards), (m/s^2)
+table=repmat(' ',[3 4]);//Matrix of strings to store table values
+for t=1:1:3
+table(t,1)=sprintf('%0.2f',t);//Time (s)
+table(t,2)=sprintf('%0.2f',y_0+v_0*t+(1/2)*a*t^2);//Position at time t (m)
+table(t,3)=sprintf('%0.2f',v_0+a*t);//Velocity at time t (m/s)
+table(t,4)=sprintf('%0.2f',a);//Acceleration at time t (m/s^2)
+end
+table_header=['Time,t' 'Position,y' 'Velocity,v' 'Acceleration,a';'s' 'm' 'm/s' 'm/s^2'];
+table1=string(table);//Convert to matrix of strings
+TABLE=[table_header;table1];
+disp(TABLE)
+///////////////////////////////////////
+//To accomodate data points for t=0 and extra data points for the plot of Position vs. Time
+time=[0;strtod(table(:,1))];//strtod() converts string to double
+velocity=[13;strtod(table(:,3))];//strtod() converts string to double
+acceleration=[a;strtod(table(:,4))];//strtod() converts string to double
+position=ones(7,1);
+time2=ones(7,1);
+i=1;
+for t=0:0.5:3
+ position(i,1)=y_0+v_0*t+(1/2)*a*t^2;//Position at time t (m)
+ time2(i,1)=t;
+ i=i+1;
+end
+///////////////////////////////////////
+//To plot the graphs
+subplot(3,1,1)
+a=gca();//Get the current axes
+a.x_location= "origin";//Set x-axis position
+a.data_bounds=[0,-6;4,10];//Set data bounds (as seen in the textbook plot)
+plot(time2,position,'-rd');//Plotting the graph with a red, solid line with diamond markers at data points
+title('Position vs. Time','position',[1.7 9]);//Title and its position
+xlabel('Time (s)');//x-axis label
+ylabel('Vertical Position (m)');//y-axis label
+
+subplot(3,1,2)
+a=gca();//Get the current axes
+a.x_location= "origin";//Set x-axis position
+a.data_bounds=[0,-20;4,15];//Set data bounds (as seen in the textbook plot)
+plot(time,velocity,'-gd');//Plotting the graph with a green, solid line with diamond markers at data points
+title('Velocity vs. Time','position',[1.7 12]);//Title and its position
+xlabel('Time (s)','position', [1.8 -18]);//x-axis label and its position
+ylabel('Velocity (m/s)');//y-axis label
+
+subplot(3,1,3)
+a=gca();//Get the current axes
+a.x_location= "origin";//Set x-axis position
+a.data_bounds=[0,-12;4,0];//Set data bounds (as seen in the textbook plot)
+plot(time,acceleration,'-bd');//Plotting the curve with a blue, solid line with diamond markers at data points
+title('Acceleration vs. Time','position',[1.6 2]);//Title and its position
+xlabel('Time (s)','position',[1.8 -13]);//x-axis label and its position
+ylabel('Acceleration (m/s^2)');//y-axis label
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.15/Ex2_15.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.15/Ex2_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5d0ba5586 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.15/Ex2_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 2.15
+y_0=0;//Initial position (m)
+y_1=-5.10;//Position at which velocity is to be found (m)
+v_0=-13.0;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+g=9.8;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+a=-g;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+v=sqrt(v_0^2+2*a*(y_1-y_0));//Velocity at position y_1(m/s), See Equation 2.77
+printf('Velocity when 5.10m below the starting point = %0.1f m/s',-v)
+//Negative root of 'v' is to be chosen as the rock is thrown downwards
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.16/Ex2_16.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.16/Ex2_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c397146ff --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.16/Ex2_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,49 @@ +//Example 2.16
+y_0=0;//Initial position (m)
+y=-1;//Position after certain time t (m)
+t=0.45173;//Time (s)
+v_0=0;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+a=((y-y_0)-(v_0*t))/(1/2*t^2);//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+g=-a;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+printf('Acceleration due to gravity = %0.4f m/s^2',g)
+
+///////////////////////////////////////
+//To plot the graphs
+t=[0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5];//Time (s)
+y=[0 -0.049 -0.196 -0.441 -0.784 -1.225];//Position (m)
+v=[0 -0.98 -1.96 -2.94 -3.92 -4.90];//Velocity (m/s)
+a=repmat(-9.80,[1 6]);//Acceleration due to gravity (downwards) (m/s^2)
+
+
+subplot(3,1,1)
+A=gca();//Get the current axes
+A.x_location= "origin";//Set x-axis position
+A.data_bounds=[0,-1.4;0.6,0];//Set data bounds (as seen in the textbook plot)
+A.margins=[0.125,0.125,0.4,0.125];//Adjusting the margins
+plot(t,y,'-rd');//Plotting the graph with a red, solid line with diamond markers at data points
+title('Position vs. Time for Falling Sphere','position',[0.2 0.75]);//Title and its position
+xlabel('Time t (s)','position',[0.275 0.5]);//x-axis label and its position
+ylabel('Position y (m)');//y-axis label
+
+subplot(3,1,2)
+A=gca();//Get the current axes
+A.x_location= "origin";//Set x-axis position
+A.data_bounds=[0,-6;0.6,0];//Set data bounds (as seen in the textbook plot)
+A.margins=[0.125,0.125,0.4,0.125];//Adjusting the margins
+plot(t,v,'-gd');//Plotting the graph with a green, solid line and diamond markers at data points
+title('Velocity vs. Time for Falling Sphere','position',[0.2 3]);//Title and its position
+xlabel('Time t (s)','position',[0.275 2]);//x-axis label and position
+ylabel('Velocity v (m/s)');//y-axis label
+
+subplot(3,1,3)
+A=gca();//Get the current axes
+A.x_location= "origin";//Set x-axis position
+A.data_bounds=[0,-11;0.6,0];//Set data bounds
+A.margins=[0.125,0.125,0.4,0.1];//Adjusting the margins
+plot(t,a,'-bd');//Plotting the graph with a blue, solid line and diamond markers at data points
+title('Acceleration vs. Time for Falling Sphere','position',[0.19 5]);//Title and its position
+xlabel('Time t (s)','position',[0.275 3]);//x-axis label and its position
+ylabel('Acceleration a (m/s^2)');//y-axis label
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.17/Ex2_17.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.17/Ex2_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..25e33747e --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.17/Ex2_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 2.17
+//See Figure 2.47
+//Using the points (6.4s,2000m) and (0.50s,525m) marked in the figure
+delta_x=2000-525;//Change in displacement (m)
+delta_t=6.4-0.50;//Change in time (s)
+v=delta_x/delta_t;//Velocity (m/s)
+printf('Average velocity = %0.1f m/s',v)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.18/Ex2_18.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.18/Ex2_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..690c63f0c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.18/Ex2_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +//Example 2.18
+t=[0 5 10 15 20 25 30]';//Time (s)
+x=[200 338 600 988 1500 2138 2900]';//Displacement (m)
+
+plot(t,x);
+xlabel('Time, t (s)')
+ylabel('Displacement, x (m)')
+
+//Using the endpoints of the tangents as given in the textbook
+t1=19;//Time (s)
+x1=1300;//Displacement at t1 (m)
+t2=32;//Time (s)
+x2=3120;//Displacement at t2 (m)
+delta_x_Q=x2-x1;//Change in displacement (m)
+delta_t_Q=t2-t1;//Change in time (s)
+v_Q=delta_x_Q/delta_t_Q;//Slope (instantanteous velocity) at Q (m/s)
+printf('Velocity at 25s = %0.1f m/s',v_Q)
+plot([25],[interp1(t,x,25)],'d');//To mark point Q
+xstring(24,2200,'Q');//Label point Q
+
+//The above steps use the data given in the textbook
+//The slope at point Q may be determined as follows if the
+//t1=25.1;//Choose t1 greater than but nearly equal to 25s (s)
+//x1=interp1(t,x,t1);//Displacement at t1 (m)
+//t2=24.9;//Choose t2 lesser than but nearly equal to 25s (s)
+//x2=interp1(t,x,t2);//Displacement at t2 (m)
+//delta_x_Q=x2-x1;//Change in displacement (m)
+//delta_t_Q=t2-t1;//Change in time (s)
+//v_Q=delta_x_Q/delta_t_Q;//Slope (instantanteous velocity) at Q (m/s)
+//printf('\nAlternative method (when tangent endpoints are not given):\nVelocity= %0.1f m/s',v_Q)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.19/Ex2_19.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.19/Ex2_19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..396c6e835 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.19/Ex2_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 2.19
+//See Figure 2.51(b)
+//Using endpoints of the tangent to the curve at t=25s
+delta_v=260-210;//Change in velocity (m/s)
+delta_t=51-1;//Change in time (s)
+a=delta_v/delta_t;//Acceleration at t=25s (m/s^2)
+printf('Acceleration = %0.1f m/s^2',a)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d23590704 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Example 2.2
+//See Figure 2.18
+//Part a - motion towards right
+x_0=4.70;//Initial position (km)
+x_f=6.70;//Final position (km)
+delta_x=x_f-x_0;//Displacement (km)
+printf('Displacement in part (a) = %0.2f km',delta_x)
+//Part b - motion towards left
+x_0_prime=5.25;//Initial position (km)
+x_f_prime=3.75;//Final position (km)
+delta_x_prime=x_f_prime-x_0_prime;//Displacement (km)
+printf('\nDisplacement in part (b) = %0.2f km',delta_x_prime)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ca88641f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 2.3
+displacement_a=+2;//Displacement in part (a) (km), See Example 2.2
+distance_a=abs(displacement_a);//Distance traveled in part (a) (km)
+printf('Distance travelled in part (a) = %0.2f km',distance_a)
+displacement_b=-1.5;//Displacement in part (b) (km), See Example 2.2
+distance_b=abs(displacement_b);//Distance traveled in part (b) (km)
+printf('\nDistance travelled in part (b) = %0.2f km',distance_b)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ecece0268 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 2.4
+v_0=0;//Initial velocity (km/h)
+v_f=30;//Final velocity (km/h)
+delta_t=20;//Time period (s)
+delta_v=v_f-v_0;//Change in velocity (km/h)
+delta_v=delta_v*10^3/3600;//Change in velocity (m/s)
+a=delta_v/delta_t;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('Average acceleration = %0.3f m/s^2',a)
+//Acceleration is positive as it is directed to the right
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4ff363b5a --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 2.5
+v_0=30;//Initial velocity (km/h)
+v_f=0;//Final velocity (km/h)
+delta_t=8;//Time period (s)
+delta_v=v_f-v_0;//Change in velocity (km/h)
+delta_v=delta_v*10^3/3600;//Change in velocity (m/s)
+a=delta_v/delta_t;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('Average acceleration = %0.2f m/s^2',a)
+//Acceleration is negative as it is to the left
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.6/Ex2_6.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.6/Ex2_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5cf02ed18 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.6/Ex2_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 2.6
+//See Figure 2.22
+x_0_prime=5.25;//Initial position (km)
+x_f_prime=3.75;//Final position (km)
+delta_x_prime=x_f_prime-x_0_prime;//Displacement (km)
+delta_t=5;//Time duration (min)
+v=delta_x_prime/delta_t;//Velocity (km/min)
+v=v*60;//Velocity (km/h)
+printf('Average velocity = %0.1f km/h',v)
+//Velocity is negative as motion is to the left
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fb164f333 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 2.7
+//See Figure 2.22
+v_0=-20;//Initial velocity (km/h)
+v_f=0;//Final velocity (km/h)
+delta_t=10;//Time period (s)
+delta_v=v_f-v_0;//Change in velocity (km/h)
+delta_v=delta_v*10^3/3600;//Change in velocity (m/s)
+a=delta_v/delta_t;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('Average acceleration = %0.3f m/s^2',a)
+//Acceleration is positive as it is directed to the right
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e54676407 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 2.8
+v=4;//Velocity (m/s)
+t=2;//Time (min)
+t=t*60;//Time (s)
+x_0=0;//Initial position (m)
+x=x_0+v*t;//Final position (m)
+printf('Final position of the jogger = %0.1f m',x)
+//Final displacement and velocity are along the same direction as they are positive
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce b/3845/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9cafab95c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 2.9
+v_0=70;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+a=-1.50;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+t=40;//Time (s)
+v=v_0+a*t;//Final velocity (m/s)
+printf('Final velocity of the airplane after 40s = %0.1f m/s',v)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH20/EX20.1/Ex20_1.sce b/3845/CH20/EX20.1/Ex20_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..828e3e986 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH20/EX20.1/Ex20_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 20.1
+delta_Q1=720;//Charge moved by truck battery (C)
+delta_t1=4;//Time (s)
+I1=delta_Q1/delta_t1;//Current (A)
+printf('a.Current flowing through the truck battery = %0.1f A',I1)
+I2=0.3*10^-3;//Current flowing through calculator (A)
+delta_Q2=1;//Charge moving through calculator (C)
+delta_t2=delta_Q2/I2;//Time taken (s)
+printf('\nb.Time taken for the charge to move through the calculator = %0.2e s',delta_t2)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH20/EX20.10/Ex20_10.sce b/3845/CH20/EX20.10/Ex20_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f3e62de5f --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH20/EX20.10/Ex20_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 20.10
+P_ave=100*10^6;//Average power (W)
+V_rms=200*10^3;//Rms voltage (V)
+I_rms=P_ave/V_rms;//Rms current (A)
+printf('a.Current required = %0.1f A',I_rms)
+R=1;//Resistance (ohm)
+P_ave_b=I_rms^2*R;//Power dissipated (W)
+printf('\nb.Power dissipated by transmission lines = %0.1f kW',P_ave_b/1000)
+percent_loss=P_ave_b/P_ave*100;
+printf('\nc.Percentage of power lost = %0.3f%%',percent_loss)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH20/EX20.2/Ex20_2.sce b/3845/CH20/EX20.2/Ex20_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..69e9058c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH20/EX20.2/Ex20_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 20.2
+delta_Q_electrons=-0.300*10^-3;//Charge (C)
+delta_t=1;//Time (s)
+I_electrons=delta_Q_electrons/delta_t;//Current due to flow of electrons (C/s)
+q=-1.60*10^-19;//Charge per electron (C)
+printf('Number of electrons passing per second = %0.2e electrons/s',I_electrons/q)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH20/EX20.3/Ex20_3.sce b/3845/CH20/EX20.3/Ex20_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..173b5632a --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH20/EX20.3/Ex20_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 20.3
+n_A=6.02*10^23;//Avagadro's number (atoms/mol)
+atomic_mass=63.54;//Atomic mass of copper (g/mol)
+rho=8.80*10^3;//Density of copper (kg/m^3)
+n=1*n_A*(1/atomic_mass)*1000*rho;//Free electron density (e-/m^3)
+//n=(1e-/atom)*(6.02*10^23atoms/mol)*(1mol/63.54g)*(1000g/kg)*(8.80*10^3kg/1m^3)
+r=(2.053/2)*10^-3;//Radius of copper wire (m)
+A=%pi*r^2;//Cross-sectional area of wire (m^2)
+I=20;//Current (A)
+q=-1.60*10^-19;//Charge of an electron (C)
+v_d=I/(n*q*A);//Drift velocity (m/s)
+printf('Drift velocity of electrons = %0.2e m/s',v_d)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH20/EX20.4/Ex20_4.sce b/3845/CH20/EX20.4/Ex20_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e60949cc7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH20/EX20.4/Ex20_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 20.4
+V=12;//Voltage (V)
+I=2.50;//Current (A)
+R=V/I;//Resistance from Ohm's law (ohm)
+printf('Resistance of automobile headlight = %0.2f ohm',R)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH20/EX20.5/Ex20_5.sce b/3845/CH20/EX20.5/Ex20_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..72b8e6f9b --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH20/EX20.5/Ex20_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 20.5
+rho=5.6*10^-8;//Resistivity of tungsten (ohm.m)
+L=4*10^-2;//Length (m)
+R=0.350;//Resistance (ohm)
+A=rho*L/R;//Cross-sectional area of filament (m^2)
+D=2*sqrt(A/%pi);//Diameter (m)
+printf('Filament diameter = %0.1e m',D)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH20/EX20.6/Ex20_6.sce b/3845/CH20/EX20.6/Ex20_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4d4a1ca2d --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH20/EX20.6/Ex20_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 20.6
+R_0=0.350;//Cold resistance of tungsten (ohm)
+alpha=4.5*10^-3;//Temperature coefficient of resistivity (1/deg C)
+delta_T=2850-20;//Temperature change (C)
+R=R_0*(1+alpha*delta_T);//Hot resistance (ohm)
+printf('Resistance of the filament after temperature change = %0.1f ohm',R)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH20/EX20.7/Ex20_7.sce b/3845/CH20/EX20.7/Ex20_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..51c01f0b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH20/EX20.7/Ex20_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Example 20.7
+//Also see Example 20.4 and Example 20.5
+I=2.50;//Current (A)
+V=12;//Voltage (V)
+P1=I*V;//Power dissipated by hot headlight (W)
+printf('a.Power dissipated by headlight when hot= %0.1f W',P1)
+R=0.350;//Cold resistance (ohm)
+P2=V^2/R;//Power dissipated by headlight when first switched on (W)
+printf('\n Power dissipated by headlight when cold= %0.1f W',P2)
+I_b=sqrt(P2/R);//Current drawn when cold (A)
+printf('\nb.Current drawn when cold = %0.1f A',I_b)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH20/EX20.8/Ex20_8.sce b/3845/CH20/EX20.8/Ex20_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c3312566d --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH20/EX20.8/Ex20_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Example 20.8
+P=60;//Power (W)
+t=1000;//Time (h)
+E=P*t/1000;//Energy (kW.h)
+cost1=E*0.12;//Cost of usage if it costs 12 cents per kWh ($)
+printf('a.Cost of using a 60W bulb for 1000h = $%0.2f',cost1)
+bulb_cost1=0.25;//Cost of incandescent bulb ($)
+total_cost1=cost1+bulb_cost1;//Total cost of using incandescent bulb for 1000h ($)
+printf('\n Total cost of using an incandescent bulb = $%0.2f',total_cost1)
+cost2=cost1/4;//Cost of using a CFL bulb for 1000h considering it consumes 1/4th the power of the incandesent bulb ($)
+bulb_cost2=1.50/10;//Investment cost of CFL bulb for the time period of use, considering it lasts 10 times longer ($)
+total_cost2=cost2+bulb_cost2;//Total cost of using the CFL bulb for 1000h ($)
+printf('\nb.Total cost of using a CFL bulb = $%0.2f',total_cost2)
+//Total cost of usage for incandescent bulb has not been calculated in the textbook
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH20/EX20.9/Ex20_9.sce b/3845/CH20/EX20.9/Ex20_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..703eeae32 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH20/EX20.9/Ex20_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 20.9
+V_rms=120;//Rms Voltage (V)
+P_ave=60;//Average power (W)
+V_0=sqrt(2)*V_rms;//Peak voltage (V)
+printf('a.Peak voltage = %0.1f V',V_0)
+P_0=2*P_ave;//Peak power consumption rate, equation got after derivation (W)
+printf('\nb.Peak power consumption rate = %0.1f W',P_0)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH21/EX21.1/Ex21_1.sce b/3845/CH21/EX21.1/Ex21_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f3d1490da --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH21/EX21.1/Ex21_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +//Example 21.1
+R1=1;//Resistance of resistor 1 (ohm)
+R2=6;//Resistance of resistor 2 (ohm)
+R3=13;//Resistance of resistor 3 (ohm)
+R_s=R1+R2+R3;//Equivalent resistance for series combination (ohm)
+printf('a.Total resistance = %0.1f ohm',R_s)
+
+V=12;//Voltage (V)
+I=V/R_s;//Current (A)
+printf('\nb.Current = %0.3f A',I)
+
+V1=I*R1;//Voltage drop in resistor 1 (V)
+printf('\nc.Voltage drop in resistor 1 = %0.3f V',V1)
+V2=I*R2;//Voltage drop in resistor 2 (V)
+printf('\n Voltage drop in resistor 2 = %0.2f V',V2)
+V3=I*R3;//Voltage drop in resistor 3 (V)
+printf('\n Voltage drop in resistor 3 = %0.2f V',V3)
+printf('\nDiscussion:\n Sum of voltage drops across resistors = %0.1f V',V1+V2+V3)
+if (V1+V2+V3)==V
+ printf('\n It is equal to the voltage output of the source')
+else
+ printf('\n It is not equal to the voltage output of the source')
+end
+
+P1=I^2*R1;//Power dissipated in resistor 1 (W)
+printf('\nd.Power dissipated in resistor 1 = %0.3f W',P1)
+P2=I^2*R2;//Power dissipated in resistor 2 (W)
+printf('\n Power dissipated in resistor 2 = %0.2f W',P2)
+P3=I^2*R3;//Power dissipated in resistor 3 (W)
+printf('\n Power dissipated in resistor 3 = %0.2f W',P3)
+
+P=I*V;//Power output of source (W)
+printf('\ne.Power output of source = %0.2f W',P)
+if (P1+P2+P3)==P
+ printf('\nDiscussion:\nIt is equal to the total power dissipated by the resistors, (P1+P2+P3)')
+else
+ printf('\nDiscussion:\nIt is not equal to the total power dissipated by the resistors, (P1+P2+P3)')
+end
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH21/EX21.2/Ex21_2.sce b/3845/CH21/EX21.2/Ex21_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7f1eed921 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH21/EX21.2/Ex21_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +//Example 21.2
+R1=1;//Resistance of resistor 1 (ohm)
+R2=6;//Resistance of resistor 2 (ohm)
+R3=13;//Resistance of resistor 3 (ohm)
+R_p=1/(1/R1+1/R2+1/R3);//Equivalent resistance for parallel combination (ohm)
+printf('a.Total resistance = %0.3f ohm',R_p)
+
+V=12;//Voltage (V)
+I=V/R_p;//Current (A)
+printf('\nb.Current = %0.2f A',I)
+
+I1=V/R1;//Current through resistor 1 (A)
+printf('\nc.Current through resistor 1 = %0.1f A',I1)
+I2=V/R2;//Current through resistor 2 (A)
+printf('\n Current through resistor 2 = %0.2f A',I2)
+I3=V/R3;//Current through resistor 3 (A)
+printf('\n Current through resistor 3 = %0.2f A',I3)
+printf('\nDiscussion:\n Total current = %0.2f A',I1+I2+I3)
+if (I1+I2+I3)==I
+ printf('\n It is equal to the current output of the source')
+else
+ printf('\n It is not equal to the current output of the source')
+end
+
+P1=V^2/R1;//Power dissipated in resistor 1 (W)
+printf('\nd.Power dissipated in resistor 1 = %0.1f W',P1)
+P2=V^2/R2;//Power dissipated in resistor 2 (W)
+printf('\n Power dissipated in resistor 2 = %0.1f W',P2)
+P3=V^2/R3;//Power dissipated in resistor 3 (W)
+printf('\n Power dissipated in resistor 3 = %0.1f W',P3)
+
+P=I*V;//Power output of source (W)
+printf('\ne.Power output of source = %0.1f W',P)
+if abs((P1+P2+P3)-P)<0.1
+ printf('\nDiscussion:\nIt is equal to the total power dissipated by the resistors, (P1+P2+P3)')
+else
+ printf('\nDiscussion:\nIt is not equal to the total power dissipated by the resistors, (P1+P2+P3)')
+end
+//Disregarding a variation of less than 0.1W for sub-question(e)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH21/EX21.3/Ex21_3.sce b/3845/CH21/EX21.3/Ex21_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3e878567c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH21/EX21.3/Ex21_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Example 21.3
+R1=1;//Resistance of resistor 1 (ohm)
+R2=6;//Resistance of resistor 2 (ohm)
+R3=13;//Resistance of resistor 3 (ohm)
+R_p=1/(1/R2+1/R3);//Equivalent resistance for parallel combination (ohm)
+R_tot=R1+R_p;//Total resistance (ohm)
+printf('a.Total resistance = %0.2f ohm',R_tot)
+V=12;//Voltage (V)
+I=V/R_tot;//Total current (A)
+V1=I*R1;//Voltage drop in resistor R1 (V)
+printf('\nb.Voltage drop in R1 = %0.2f V',V1)
+V_p=V-V1;//Voltage across parallel combination (V)
+I2=V_p/R2;//Current through resistor 2 (A)
+printf('\nc.Current through R2 = %0.2f A',I2)
+P2=I2^2*R2;//Power dissipated by resistor 2 (W)
+printf('\nd.Power dissipated by R2 = %0.1f W',P2)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH21/EX21.4/Ex21_4.sce b/3845/CH21/EX21.4/Ex21_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0e69e173f --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH21/EX21.4/Ex21_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +//Example 21.4
+emf=12;//Emf of battery (V)
+r=0.1;//Internal resistance (ohm)
+R_load=10;//Load resistance (ohm)
+I=emf/(R_load+r);//Current (A)
+V=emf-I*r;//Terminal voltage (V)
+printf('a.Terminal voltage = %0.1f V',V)
+
+R_load=0.5;//Load resistance (ohm)
+I=emf/(R_load+r);//Current (A)
+V=emf-I*r;//Terminal voltage (V)
+printf('\nb.Terminal voltage = %0.1f V',V)
+
+P_load=I^2*R_load;//Power dissipated (W)
+printf('\nc.Power dissipated by the load = %0.2e W',P_load)
+
+r=0.5;//Internal resistance (ohm)
+I=emf/(R_load+r);//Current (A)
+printf('\nd.Current = %0.1f A',I)
+V=emf-I*r;//Terminal voltage (V)
+printf('\n Terminal voltage = %0.2f V',V)
+P_load=I^2*R_load;//Power dissipated (W)
+printf('\n Power dissipated by the load = %0.1f W',P_load)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH21/EX21.5/Ex21_5.sce b/3845/CH21/EX21.5/Ex21_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..31e550e9b --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH21/EX21.5/Ex21_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Example 25.1
+R1=6;//Resistance (ohm)
+R2=2.5;//Resistance (ohm)
+R3=1.5;//Resistance (ohm)
+r1=0.5;//Internal resistance (ohm)
+r2=0.5;//Internal resistance (ohm)
+emf1=18;//Emf 1 (V)
+emf2=45;//Emf 2 (V)
+//A set of three equations are required since there are three unknowns-currents I1,I2 and I3
+//Equation 1: I1=I2+I3 (Using Kirchoff's junction rule, See Equation 21.54)
+//Equation 2: -I1*R1-I2*(R2+r1)=-emf1 (Using Kirchoff's loop rule in loop abcdea and rearranging, See Equation 21.55)
+//Equation 3: I1*R1+I3*(R3+r2)=emf2 (Using Kirchoff's loop rule in loop aefgha and rearranging, See Equation 21.57)
+A=[1 -1 -1;-R1 -(R2+r1) 0;R1 0 (R3+r2)];//Matrix containing coefficients of variables
+C=[0 -emf1 emf2]';//Matrix containing constants
+//Equation is of the form A*B=C, therefore
+B=inv(A)*C;//To compute values of variables
+//we use the form A*B=C
+for i=1:1:3
+ printf('Current I%d = %0.2f A\n',i,B(i,1))
+end
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH21/EX21.6/Ex21_6.sce b/3845/CH21/EX21.6/Ex21_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..46584c54e --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH21/EX21.6/Ex21_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 21.6
+v=5*10^2;//Velocity of bullet (m/s)
+x=8*10^-2;//Distance traversed (m)
+t=x/v;//Time (s)
+tau=t;//Time constant (s)
+R=10;//Resistance (ohm)
+C=tau/R;//Capacitance (F)
+printf('Capacitance required = %0.1f microF',C/10^-6)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH21/EX21.7/Ex21_7.sce b/3845/CH21/EX21.7/Ex21_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fcaa73b19 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH21/EX21.7/Ex21_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Example 21.7
+R=1*10^3;//Resistance (ohm)
+C=8*10^-6;//Capacitance (F)
+tau=R*C;//Time constant (s)
+printf('a.Time constant tau = %0.2f ms',tau*1000)
+V_0=10*10^3;//Intial voltage (V)
+V_f=5*10^2;//Final voltage (V)
+V=0.368*V_0;//Voltage falls to 0.368 of V_0 after 8ms (V)
+T=8*10^-3;//Time (s)
+while V>V_f
+ V=0.368*V;
+ T=T+8*10^-3;
+end//To find the time taken for voltage to decline to V_f
+printf('\nb.Time taken = %0.1f ms',T*1000)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH22/EX22.1/Ex22_1.sce b/3845/CH22/EX22.1/Ex22_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7fa60d937 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH22/EX22.1/Ex22_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 22.1
+q=20*10^-9;//Charge (C)
+v=10;//Velocity (m/s)
+b=5*10^-5;//Earth's magnetic field strength (T)
+theta=90;//Angle between velocity and field direction (deg)
+F=q*v*b*sind(theta);//Force (N)
+printf('Force on the rod = %0.1e N',F)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH22/EX22.2/Ex22_2.sce b/3845/CH22/EX22.2/Ex22_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7334cbd07 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH22/EX22.2/Ex22_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 22.2
+m=9.11*10^-31;//Mass of electron (kg)
+v=6*10^7;//Velocity of electron (m/s)
+B=0.5;//Magnetic field strength (T)
+q=1.60*10^-19;//Charge of electron (C)
+r=m*v/(q*B);//Radius of curvature (m)
+printf('Radius of curvature = %0.3f mm',r*1000)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH22/EX22.3/Ex22_3.sce b/3845/CH22/EX22.3/Ex22_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f70590c25 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH22/EX22.3/Ex22_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 22.3
+B=0.1;//Magnetic field strength (T)
+l=4*10^-3;//Inside diameter (m)
+v=20*10^-2;//Average blood velocity (m/s)
+epsilon=B*l*v;//Hall emf (V)
+printf('Hall emf = %0.1f microV',epsilon/10^-6)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH22/EX22.4/Ex22_4.sce b/3845/CH22/EX22.4/Ex22_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..be706498d --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH22/EX22.4/Ex22_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 22.4
+B=1.50;//Magnetic field strength (T)
+l=5*10^-2;//Length of wire (m)
+I=20;//Current (A)
+theta=90;//Angle between I and B (deg)
+F=I*l*B*sind(theta);//Force (N)
+printf('Force on the wire = %0.2f N',F)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH22/EX22.5/Ex22_5.sce b/3845/CH22/EX22.5/Ex22_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..caaa31a20 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH22/EX22.5/Ex22_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 22.5
+N=100;//Number of turns
+I=15;//Current (A)
+A=(10*10^-2)^2;//Area of square loop of side 10cm (m^2)
+B=2;//Magnetic field strength (T)
+theta=90;//Angle for maximum torque (deg)
+tau_max=N*I*A*B*sind(theta);//Maximum torque (N.m)
+printf('Maximum torque = %0.1f N.m',tau_max)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH22/EX22.6/Ex22_6.sce b/3845/CH22/EX22.6/Ex22_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b8b227de3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH22/EX22.6/Ex22_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 22.6
+B=2*5*10^-5;//Magnetic field strength (twice that of Earth's) (T)
+r=5*10^-2;//Distance (m)
+mu_0=4*%pi*10^-7;//Permeability of free space (T.m/A)
+I=2*%pi*r*B/mu_0;//Current (A)
+printf('Current in the wire = %0.1f A',I)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH22/EX22.7/Ex22_7.sce b/3845/CH22/EX22.7/Ex22_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..66a2fa723 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH22/EX22.7/Ex22_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 22.7
+N=2000;//Number of loops
+l=2;//Length (m)
+n=N/l;//Number of loops per unit length (m^-1)
+I=1600;//Current (A)
+mu_0=4*%pi*10^-7;//Permeability of free space (T.m/A)
+B=mu_0*n*I;//Magnetic field strength (T)
+printf('Magnetic field strength inside the solenoid = %0.2f T',B)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.1/Ex23_1.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.1/Ex23_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..578441849 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.1/Ex23_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 23.1
+N=1;//Number of loops
+r=6*10^-2;//Radius of coil (m)
+A=%pi*r^2;//Area of loop (m^2)
+delta_BcosTheta=0.250-0.05;//Change in value of magnetic field strength perpendicular to area (T)
+delta_phi=A*delta_BcosTheta;//Change in magnetic flux (T.m^2)
+delta_t=0.1;//Time (s)
+Emf=N*delta_phi/delta_t;//Induced emf (V)
+printf('Induced emf = %0.1f mV',Emf*1000)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.10/Ex23_10.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.10/Ex23_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d9433ba38 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.10/Ex23_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Example 23.10
+L=3*10^-3;//Inductance (H)
+f1=60;//Frequency 1 (Hz)
+f2=10*10^3;//Frequency 2 (Hz)
+X_L1=2*%pi*f1*L;//Inductive reactance at 60Hz (ohm)
+printf('a.Inductive reactance at 60Hz = %0.2f ohm',X_L1)
+X_L2=2*%pi*f2*L;//Inductive reactance at 10kHz (ohm)
+printf('\n Inductive reactance at 10kHz = %0.1f ohm',X_L2)
+V=120;//Rms voltage (V)
+I1=V/X_L1;//Rms current at 60Hz (A)
+printf('\nb.Rms current at 60hz = %0.1f A',I1)
+I2=V/X_L2;//Rms current at 10kHz (A)
+printf('\n Rms current at 10khz = %0.3f A',I2)
+//Answers vary due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.11/Ex23_11.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.11/Ex23_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..05c12f7ae --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.11/Ex23_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Example 23.11
+C=5*10^-6;//Capacitance (F)
+//Value of capacitance is mentioned wrongly in the question
+f1=60;//Frequency 1 (Hz)
+f2=10*10^3;//Frequency 2 (Hz)
+X_C1=1/(2*%pi*f1*C);//Capacitive reactance at 60Hz (ohm)
+printf('a.Capacitive reactance at 60Hz = %0.1f ohm',X_C1)
+X_C2=1/(2*%pi*f2*C);//Capacitive reactance at 10kHz (ohm)
+printf('\n Capacitive reactance at 10kHz = %0.2f ohm',X_C2)
+V=120;//Rms voltage (V)
+I1=V/X_C1;//Rms current at 60Hz (A)
+printf('\nb.Rms current at 60hz = %0.3f A',I1)
+I2=V/X_C2;//Rms current at 10kHz (A)
+printf('\n Rms current at 10khz = %0.1f A',I2)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.12/Ex23_12.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.12/Ex23_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..68809f561 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.12/Ex23_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Example 23.12
+//See also Example 23.10 and Example 23.11
+R=40;//Resistance (ohm)
+L=3*10^-3;//Inductance (H)
+C=5*10^-6;//Capacitance (F)
+f1=60;//Frequency 1 (Hz)
+f2=10*10^3;//Frequency 2 (Hz)
+
+X_L1=1.13;//Inductive reactance at 60Hz (ohm), See Example 23.10
+X_C1=531;//Capacitive reactance at 60Hz (ohm), See Example 23.11
+Z1=sqrt(R^2+(X_L1-X_C1)^2);//Impedance at 60Hz
+printf('a.Impedance at 60Hz = %0.1f ohm',Z1)
+
+X_L2=188;//Inductive reactance at 10kHz (ohm), See Example 23.10
+X_C2=3.18;//Capacitive reactance at 10kHz (ohm), See Example 23.11
+Z2=sqrt(R^2+(X_L2-X_C2)^2);//Impedance at 60Hz
+printf('\n Impedance at 10kHz = %0.1f ohm',Z2)
+
+V_rms=120;//Rms voltage (V)
+I_rms1=V_rms/Z1;//Rms current at 60Hz (A)
+printf('\nb.Rms current at 60hz = %0.3f A',I_rms1)
+I_rms2=V_rms/Z2;//Rms current at 10kHz (A)
+printf('\n Rms current at 10khz = %0.3f A',I_rms2)
+//Answers vary due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.13/Ex23_13.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.13/Ex23_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..72acafa59 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.13/Ex23_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 23.13
+R=40;//Resistance (ohm)
+L=3*10^-3;//Inductance (H)
+C=5*10^-6;//Capacitance (F)
+f_0=1/(2*%pi*sqrt(L*C));//Resonant frequency (Hz)
+printf('a.Resonant frequency = %0.2f kHz',f_0/1000)
+V_rms=120;//Rms voltage (V)
+Z=R;//Impedance is equal to the resistance alone as the reactances cancel out at the resonant frequency (ohm)
+I_rms=V_rms/Z;//Rms current (A)
+printf('\nb.Rms current = %0.2f A',I_rms)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.14/Ex23_14.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.14/Ex23_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fc7d39946 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.14/Ex23_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Example 23.14
+R=40;//Resistance (ohm)
+L=3*10^-3;//Inductance (H)
+C=5*10^-6;//Capacitance (F)
+V_rms=120;//Rms voltage (V)
+f=60;//Frequency (Hz)
+Z=531;//Impedance (ohm), See Example 23.13
+cos_phi=R/Z;//Power factor
+printf('a.Power factor, cos(phi) = %0.4f',cos_phi)
+phi=acosd(cos_phi);//Phase angle (deg)
+printf('\n Phase angle phi = %0.1f deg',phi)
+
+I_rms_b=0.226;//Rms current (A), See Example 23.12
+P_ave_b=I_rms_b*V_rms*cos_phi;//Average power (W)
+printf('\nb.Average power = %0.2f W',P_ave_b)
+
+I_rms_c=3;//Rms current (A),See Example 23.13
+cos_phi_c=1;//Power factor is unity at resonant frequency
+P_ave_c=I_rms_c*V_rms*cos_phi_c;//Average power (W)
+printf('\nc.Average power = %0.1f W',P_ave_c)
+//Some values are wrongly mentioned in the textbook; frequency in (b) and I rms value in (c)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.2/Ex23_2.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.2/Ex23_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e886d2fc9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.2/Ex23_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 23.2
+B=5*10^-5;//Earth's magnetic field strength (T)
+l=20*10^3;//Length of conductor (m)
+v=7.80*10^3;//Orbital speed (m/s)
+emf=B*l*v;//Motional emf induced (V)
+printf('Motional emf induced = %0.2e V',emf)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.3/Ex23_3.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.3/Ex23_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6cabbfae2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.3/Ex23_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 23.3
+N=200;//Number of loops
+delta_t=15*10^-3;//Time (s)
+r=5*10^-2;//Radius of coil (m)
+A=%pi*r^2;//Area of loop (m^2)
+B=1.25;//Magnetic field strength (T)
+delta_cosTheta=cosd(90)-cosd(0);//Change in value of cos(theta), as theta varies from 0 deg to 90 deg
+delta_phi=A*B*delta_cosTheta;//Change in magnetic flux (T.m^2)
+emf=-N*delta_phi/delta_t;//Induced emf (V)
+printf('Induced emf = %0.1f V',emf)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.4/Ex23_4.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.4/Ex23_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..40df84903 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.4/Ex23_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 23.4
+//Also see Example 23.3
+delta_theta=%pi/2;//1/4th of a revolution (rad)
+delta_t=15*10^-3;//Time (s)
+omega=delta_theta/delta_t;//Angular velocity (rad/s)
+//Angular velocity in rad/s can be converted to rpm by multiplying by (60/(2*%pi)). Rpm may be found to be 1000 in this example
+N=200;//Number of loops, See Example 23.3
+r=5*10^-2;//Radius of coil (m), See Example 23.3
+A=%pi*r^2;//Area of loop (m^2), See Example 23.3
+B=1.25;//Magnetic field strength (T), See Example 23.3
+emf_0=N*A*B*omega;//Maximum emf (V)
+printf('Maximum emf, emf_0 = %0.1f V',emf_0)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.5/Ex23_5.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.5/Ex23_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1b5052ca8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.5/Ex23_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Example 23.5
+Np=50;//Number of loops in the primary
+Vp=120;//Primary voltage (V)
+Vs=100*10^3;//Secondary voltage (V)
+Ns=Np*Vs/Vp;//Number of loops in the secondary
+printf('a.Number of loops in the secondary coil = %0.2e',Ns)
+Ip=10;//Current in the primary coil (A)
+Is=Ip*Np/Ns;//Current in the secondary coil (A)
+printf('\nb.Current in the secondary coil = %0.1f mA',Is*1000)
+printf('\n\nDiscussion for (b):')
+Pp=Ip*Vp;//Power input (W)
+printf('\nPower input = %0.2f kW',Pp/1000)
+Ps=Is*Vs;//Power output (W)
+printf('\nPower output = %0.2f kW',Ps/1000)
+if Ps==Pp
+ printf('\nPower output is equal to power input')
+else
+ printf('\nPower output is not equal to power input')
+end
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.6/Ex23_6.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.6/Ex23_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a7e63c76a --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.6/Ex23_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 23.6
+Np=200;//Number of loops in the primary
+Vp=120;//Primary voltage (V)
+Vs=15;//Secondary voltage (V)
+Ns=Np*Vs/Vp;//Number of loops in the secondary
+printf('a.Number of loops in the secondary coil = %0.1f',Ns)
+Is=16;//Current in the secondary coil (A)
+Ip=Is*Ns/Np;//Current in the primary coil (A)
+printf('\nb.Input current = %0.2f A',Ip)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.7/Ex23_7.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.7/Ex23_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..aa3174d19 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.7/Ex23_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 23.7
+l=10*10^-2;//Length (m)
+mu_0=4*%pi*10^-7;//Permeability of free space (T.m/A)
+r=4/2*10^-2;//Radius of solenoid (m)
+A=%pi*r^2;//Cross-sectional area (m^2)
+N=200;//Number of coils
+L=mu_0*N^2*A/l;//Self-inductance (H)
+printf('Self-inductance of the solenoid = %0.3f mH',L*1000)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.8/Ex23_8.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.8/Ex23_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..48e253450 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.8/Ex23_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 23.8
+L=0.632*10^-3;//Inductance (H)
+I=30;//Current (A)
+E_ind=(1/2)*L*I^2;//Energy stored (J)
+printf('Energy stored in the inductor = %0.3f J',E_ind)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH23/EX23.9/Ex23_9.sce b/3845/CH23/EX23.9/Ex23_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7d059cc0d --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH23/EX23.9/Ex23_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Example 23.9
+L=7.5*10^-3;//Inductance (H)
+R=3;//Resistance (ohm)
+tau=L/R;//Time constant (s)
+printf('a.Time constant tau = %0.2f ms',tau*1000)
+I_0=10;//Initial current (A)
+I=0.368*I_0;//Current decreases to 0.368 times the initial value in tau seconds (A)
+t=tau;//Time (s)
+while t<5*10^-3
+ I=0.368*I;//Current (A)
+ t=t+tau;//Time (s)
+end// To find decline in current with time
+printf('\nb.Current = %0.2f A',I)
+//Here we used two iterations as we know 5ms is twice the characteristic time tau. I=I_0*exp(-t/tau) can also be used to find the current at 5ms.
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3845/CH24/EX24.1/Ex24_1.sce b/3845/CH24/EX24.1/Ex24_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b6a452a05 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH24/EX24.1/Ex24_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 24.1
+E=1000;//E-field strength (V/m)
+c=3*10^8;//Speed of light (m/s)
+B=E/c;//B-field strength (T)
+printf('B-field strength = %0.2e T',B)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH24/EX24.2/Ex24_2.sce b/3845/CH24/EX24.2/Ex24_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f0d9644cc --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH24/EX24.2/Ex24_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Example 24.2
+c=3*10^8;//Speed of light (m/s)
+f1=1530*10^3;//AM radio signal frequency (Hz)
+lambda1=c/f1;//AM radio signal wavelength (m)
+printf('AM radio signal wavelength = %0.1f m',lambda1)
+f2=105.1*10^6;//FM radio signal frequency (Hz)
+lambda2=c/f2;//FM radio signal wavelength (m)
+printf('\nFM radio signal wavelength = %0.2f m',lambda2)
+f3=1.90*10^9;//Cellphone signal frequency (Hz)
+lambda3=c/f3;//Cellphone signal wavelength (m)
+printf('\nCellphone signal wavelength = %0.3f m',lambda3)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH24/EX24.3/Ex24_3.sce b/3845/CH24/EX24.3/Ex24_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..979530a48 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH24/EX24.3/Ex24_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Example 24.3
+rho=1000;//Density of tissue (kg/m^3)
+d=0.8*10^-3;//Diameter of cornea (m)
+A=%pi*d^2/4;//Area (m^2)
+t=0.3*10^-6;//Thickness (m)
+V=A*t;//Volume of tissue (m^3)
+m=rho*V;//Mass of tissue evaporated (kg)
+c=4186;//Specific heat of water (J/kg/K)
+delta_T=100-34;//Change in temperature (C)
+L_v=2256*10^3;//Latent heat of vaporization of water (J/kg)
+Q_tot=m*(c*delta_T+L_v);//Energy absorbed (J)
+printf('Total energy absorbed by the tissue = %0.0f*10^-9 kJ',Q_tot/1000/10^-9)
+printf('\nDiscussion:')
+ave_pow=Q_tot*400;//Average power if there are 400 bursts per second (W)
+printf('\nAverage power if there are 400 laser bursts per second = %0.1f mW',ave_pow*1000)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH24/EX24.4/Ex24_4.sce b/3845/CH24/EX24.4/Ex24_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7ca5f5d64 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH24/EX24.4/Ex24_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 24.4
+P=1*10^3;//Power (W)
+A=0.30*0.40;//Area (m^2)
+I_ave=P/A;//Intensity (W/m^2)
+printf('a.Intensity = %0.2e W/m^2',I_ave)
+I_0=2*I_ave;//Peak intensity (W/m^2)
+printf('\n Peak Intensity = %0.2e W/m^2',I_0)
+c=3*10^8;//Speed of light (m/s)
+eps_0=8.85*10^-12;//Permittivity of free space (C^2/N.m^2)
+E_0=sqrt(2*I_ave/(c*eps_0));//Peak electric field strength (V/m)
+printf('\nb.Peak electric field strength = %0.2e V/m',E_0)
+B_0=E_0/c;//Peak magnetic field strength (T)
+printf('\nc.Peak magnetic field strength = %0.2e T',B_0)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH25/EX25.1/Ex25_1.sce b/3845/CH25/EX25.1/Ex25_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a8f15979a --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH25/EX25.1/Ex25_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 25.1
+c=3*10^8;//Speed of light (m/s)
+n=1.923;//Index of refraction for zircon, See Table 25.1
+v=c/n;//Speed of light in zircon (m/s)
+printf('Speed of light in zircon = %0.2e m/s',v)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH25/EX25.10/Ex25_10.sce b/3845/CH25/EX25.10/Ex25_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e3d788e03 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH25/EX25.10/Ex25_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Example 25.10
+f=40;//Focal length (cm)
+R=2*f;//Radius of curvature (cm)
+printf('a.Radius of curvature = %0.1f cm',R)
+L=1;//Length (m)
+A=(1/4)*2*%pi*(R*10^-2)*L;//Area of the concave mirror of length L (m^2)
+i=900;//Insolation (W/m^2)
+Q=i*A;//Insolation per meter length of pipe (W)
+printf('\nb.Amount of sunlight concentrated onto the pipe per meter = %0.1f W',Q)
+rho=8*10^2;//Density of mineral oil (kg/m^3)
+d=2*10^-2;//Pipe diameter (m)
+V=%pi*(d/2)^2*1;//Volume of 1m long section of pipe (m^3)
+m=rho*V;//Mass of mineral oil (kg)
+c=1670;//Specific heat of mineral oil (J/kg.C)
+delta_T=Q*60/(m*c);//Increase in temperature over 1 minute (C)
+printf('\nc.Increase in temperature = %0.1f C',delta_T)
+//Answers vary due to round off errors
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH25/EX25.11/Ex25_11.sce b/3845/CH25/EX25.11/Ex25_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e9e8e44eb --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH25/EX25.11/Ex25_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 25.11
+d_o=12;//Object distance (cm)
+m=0.0320;//Magnification
+d_i=-m*d_o;//Image distance (cm)
+f=1/(1/d_o+1/d_i);//Focal length (cm)
+R=2*abs(f);//Radius of curvature (cm)
+printf('Radius of curvature of cornea = %0.3f cm',R)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH25/EX25.2/Ex25_2.sce b/3845/CH25/EX25.2/Ex25_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b1c77ec0f --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH25/EX25.2/Ex25_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 25.2
+n1=1;//Index of refraction for air
+theta1=30;//Incident angle (deg)
+theta2=22;//Angle of refraction (deg)
+n2=n1*sind(theta1)/sind(theta2);//Index of refraction for medium 2
+printf('Index of refraction for medium 2 = %0.2f',n2)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH25/EX25.3/Ex25_3.sce b/3845/CH25/EX25.3/Ex25_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e74eddf9f --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH25/EX25.3/Ex25_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 25.3
+n1=1;//Index of refraction for air
+n2=2.419;//Index of refraction for diamond, See Table 25.1
+theta1=30;//Incident angle (deg)
+theta2=asind(n1*sind(theta1)/n2);//Angle of refraction (deg)
+printf('Angle of refraction = %0.1f deg',theta2)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH25/EX25.4/Ex25_4.sce b/3845/CH25/EX25.4/Ex25_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b4a0df6b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH25/EX25.4/Ex25_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 25.4
+n1=1.49;//Index of refraction for polystyrene, See Table 25.1
+n2=1;//Index of refraction for air,
+theta_c=asind(n2/n1);//Critical angle (deg)
+printf('Critical angle = %0.1f deg',theta_c)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH25/EX25.5/Ex25_5.sce b/3845/CH25/EX25.5/Ex25_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..22d435a01 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH25/EX25.5/Ex25_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +//Example 25.5
+f=8*10^-2;//Focal length (m)
+P=1/f;//Power of the lens (D)
+printf('Power of the lens = %0.1f D',P)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH25/EX25.6/Ex25_6.sce b/3845/CH25/EX25.6/Ex25_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3100ed7e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH25/EX25.6/Ex25_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Example 25.6
+//Using ray tracing, image distance, d_i, is found to be about 1.50m and magnification, m, to be about -2.
+d_i_rt=1.50;//Image distance from ray tracing (m)
+printf('Image distance found using ray tracing = %0.2f m',d_i_rt)
+m_rt=-2;//Magnification from ray tracing
+printf('\nMagnification found using ray tracing = %0.0f',m_rt)
+d_o=0.75;//Object distance (m)
+f=0.5;//Focal length (m)
+d_i=f*d_o/(d_o-f);//Image distance by rearranging thin lens equation (m)
+printf('\n\nImage distance found using thin lens equation = %0.2f m',d_i)
+m=-d_i/d_o;//Magnification
+printf('\nMagnification found using thin lens equation = %0.2f',m)
+if d_i_rt==d_i&m_rt==m
+ printf('\n\nThin lens equation and ray tracing results are consistent')
+else
+ printf('\n\nThin lens equation and ray tracing results are not consistent')
+end
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH25/EX25.7/Ex25_7.sce b/3845/CH25/EX25.7/Ex25_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..926ad1d41 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH25/EX25.7/Ex25_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 25.7
+d_o=7.5*10^-2;//Object distance (m)
+f=10*10^-2;//Focal distance (m)
+d_i=1/(1/f-1/d_o);//Image distance (m)
+m=-d_i/d_o;//Magnification
+printf('Magnification produced by magnifying glass = %0.2f',m)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH25/EX25.8/Ex25_8.sce b/3845/CH25/EX25.8/Ex25_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f79441888 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH25/EX25.8/Ex25_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 25.8
+d_o=7.5*10^-2;//Object distance (m)
+f=-10*10^-2;//Focal distance (m)
+d_i=1/(1/f-1/d_o);//Image distance (m)
+m=-d_i/d_o;//Magnification
+printf('Magnification produced by concave lens = %0.3f',m)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH25/EX25.9/Ex25_9.sce b/3845/CH25/EX25.9/Ex25_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..565a192b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH25/EX25.9/Ex25_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 25.9
+d_i=3*10^2;//Image distance (cm)
+R=50;//Radius of curvature of mirror (cm)
+f=R/2;//Focal length of concave mirror (cm)
+d_o=1/(1/f-1/d_i);//Object distance (cm)
+printf('Distance of the coils from the concave mirror = %0.1f cm',d_o)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH26/EX26.1/Ex26_1.sce b/3845/CH26/EX26.1/Ex26_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..49b843dbe --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH26/EX26.1/Ex26_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 26.1
+d_o=60;//Object distance (cm)
+d_i=2;//Image distance (cm)
+h_o=1.2*10^-2;//Object height (cm)
+h_i=-h_o*d_i/d_o;//Image height (cm)
+printf('Size of the image on the retina = %0.2e cm',h_i)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH26/EX26.2/Ex26_2.sce b/3845/CH26/EX26.2/Ex26_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fe1ad75fd --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH26/EX26.2/Ex26_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 26.2
+d_i=2*10^-2;//Image distance (m)
+d_o_distant=%inf;//Object distance for distant vision (m)
+d_o_close=25*10^-2;//Object distance for close vision (m)
+P_distant=1/d_o_distant+1/d_i;//Power for distant vision (D)
+printf('Power = %0.1f D (distant vision)',P_distant)
+P_close=1/d_o_close+1/d_i;//Power for closest vision (D)
+printf('\nPower = %0.1f D (close vision)',P_close)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH26/EX26.3/Ex26_3.sce b/3845/CH26/EX26.3/Ex26_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..dc80c1d5c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH26/EX26.3/Ex26_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 26.3
+d_i=(-30+1.5)*10^-2;//Image distance (m)
+d_o=%inf;//Object distance (m)
+P=1/d_o+1/d_i;//Power (D)
+printf('Power of spectacle lens required = %0.2f D',P)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH26/EX26.4/Ex26_4.sce b/3845/CH26/EX26.4/Ex26_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..13cadef67 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH26/EX26.4/Ex26_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 26.4
+d_i=(-100+1.5)*10^-2;//Image distance (m)
+d_o=(25-1.5)*10^-2;//Object distance (m)
+P=1/d_o+1/d_i;//Power (D)
+printf('Power of spectacle lens required = %0.2f D',P)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH26/EX26.5/Ex26_5.sce b/3845/CH26/EX26.5/Ex26_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..eaa865916 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH26/EX26.5/Ex26_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 26.5
+f_o=6*10^-3;//Focal length of the objective lens (m)
+d_o=6.20*10^-3;//Object distance for the objective lens (m)
+d_i=1/(1/f_o-1/d_o);//Image distance for the objective lens from thin lens equation (m)
+m_o=-d_i/d_o;//Magnification of the objective lens
+
+d_o_e=23*10^-2-d_i;//Object distance for the eyepiece lens(m)
+f_e=50*10^-3;//Focal length of the eyepiece lens (m)
+d_i_e=1/(1/f_e-1/d_o_e);//Image distance for the eyepiece lens from thin lens equation (m)
+m_e=-d_i_e/d_o_e;//Magnification of the eyepiece lens
+
+m=m_o*m_e;//Overall magnification
+printf('Overall magnification = %0.1f',m)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH27/EX27.1/Ex27_1.sce b/3845/CH27/EX27.1/Ex27_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..19dfb96be --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH27/EX27.1/Ex27_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 27.1
+m=3;//Third-order constructive interference
+d=0.01*10^-3;//Distance between slits (m)
+theta=10.95;//Diffraction angle (deg)
+lambda=d*sind(theta)/m;//Wavelength (m)
+printf('Wavelength = %0.1f nm',lambda/10^-9)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH27/EX27.2/Ex27_2.sce b/3845/CH27/EX27.2/Ex27_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2fa510022 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH27/EX27.2/Ex27_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 27.2
+//Also see Example 27.1
+d=0.01*10^-3;//Distance between slits (m)
+theta=90;//Maximum diffraction angle (deg)
+lambda=633*10^-9;//Wavelength (m)
+m=d*sind(theta)/lambda;//Order of interference
+printf('Maximum order of interference = %d',m)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH27/EX27.3/Ex27_3.sce b/3845/CH27/EX27.3/Ex27_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cfa7e0bd5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH27/EX27.3/Ex27_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 27.3
+d=1*10^-2/10000;//Distance between slits (m)
+m=1;//First-order diffraction
+lambda_V=380*10^-9;//Wavelength of violet light (m)
+theta_V=asind(m*lambda_V/d);//Diffraction angle for violet light (deg)
+printf('a.Angle for first-order diffraction for violet light = %0.2f deg',theta_V)
+lambda_R=760*10^-9;//Wavelength of red light (m)
+theta_R=asind(m*lambda_R/d);//Diffraction angle for red light (deg)
+printf('\n Angle for first-order diffraction for red light = %0.2f deg',theta_R)
+x=2;//Distance between screen and grating (m)
+y_V=x*tand(theta_V);//Lateral distance between violet light on the screen and the original beam direction (m)
+y_R=x*tand(theta_R);//Lateral distance between red light on the screen and the original beam direction (m)
+printf('\nb.Distance between the red and violet ends of the rainbow = %0.2f m',y_R-y_V)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH27/EX27.4/Ex27_4.sce b/3845/CH27/EX27.4/Ex27_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ba1de7c6a --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH27/EX27.4/Ex27_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 27.4
+lambda=550*10^-9;//Wavelength (m)
+m2=2;//Order of interference
+theta2=45;//Angle for second diffraction minimum (deg)
+D=m2*lambda/sind(theta2);//Slit width (m)
+printf('a.Width of the slit = %0.2e m',D)
+m1=1;//Order of interference
+theta1=asind(m1*lambda/D);//Angle for first diffraction minimum (deg)
+printf('\nb.Angle for the first minimum produced = %0.1f deg',theta1)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH27/EX27.5/Ex27_5.sce b/3845/CH27/EX27.5/Ex27_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..38b8ebebb --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH27/EX27.5/Ex27_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 27.5
+lambda=550*10^-9;//Wavelength (m)
+D=2.40;//Diameter (m)
+theta=1.22*lambda/D;//Smallest angle between two point sources to be just-resolved (rad)
+printf('a.Angle between the two just-resolved point light sources = %0.2e rad',theta)
+r=2*10^6;//Distance from the Hubble Space Telescope (ly)
+s=r*theta;//Distance between the objects (ly)
+printf('\nb.Closest distance between the objects = %0.2f ly',s)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH27/EX27.6/Ex27_6.sce b/3845/CH27/EX27.6/Ex27_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bb8ec727b --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH27/EX27.6/Ex27_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 27.6
+lambda=550*10^-9;//Wavelength of light (m)
+n2=1.38;//Index of refraction of magnesium fluoride film
+lambda_n_2=lambda/n2;//Wavelength in the film (m)
+//For destructive interference here, 2t=lambda_n_2/2, where path length difference=2t for perpendicularly incident rays
+t=lambda_n_2/4;//Thickness of the film (m)
+printf('Thickness of the magnesium fluoride film = %0.1f nm',t/10^-9)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH27/EX27.7/Ex27_7.sce b/3845/CH27/EX27.7/Ex27_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b2a63be84 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH27/EX27.7/Ex27_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 27.7
+lambda=650*10^-9;//Wavelength of red light (m)
+n=1.333;//Index of refraction for soapy film
+lambda_n=lambda/n;//Wavelength in the soapy film(m)
+tc1=1*lambda_n/4;
+tc2=3*lambda_n/4;
+tc3=5*lambda_n/4;//tc1, tc2, tc3 - thicknesses for constructive interference (m)
+printf('a.The three smallest thicknesses for constructive interference = %0.1f nm, %0.1f nm, %0.1fnm',tc1/10^-9,tc2/10^-9,tc3/10^-9)
+td1=0*lambda_n/2;
+td2=1*lambda_n/2;
+td3=2*lambda_n/2;//td1, td2, td3 - thicknesses for destructive interference (m)
+printf('\nb.The three smallest thicknesses for destructive interference = %0.1f nm, %0.1f nm, %0.1fnm',td1/10^-9,td2/10^-9,td3/10^-9)
+//Answers vary due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH27/EX27.8/Ex27_8.sce b/3845/CH27/EX27.8/Ex27_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9573e85c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH27/EX27.8/Ex27_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 27.8
+//Let I_0 be the initial intensity.
+//Reduced intensity I=0.1*I_0, as intensity is reduced by 90%
+//Using I=I_0*(cosd(theta))^2 and substituting value for I,we get
+theta=acosd(sqrt(0.1));//Angle;
+printf('Angle required = %0.1f deg',theta)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH27/EX27.9/Ex27_9.sce b/3845/CH27/EX27.9/Ex27_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..14833136c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH27/EX27.9/Ex27_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 27.9
+n1=1;//Index of refraction of air
+n2=1.333;//Index of refraction of water
+n3=1.520;//Index of refraction of crown glass
+theta_b1=atand(n2/n1);//Angle when reflected off water into air (deg)
+printf('a.Angle for complete horizontal polarization when reflected off water into air = %0.1f deg',theta_b1)
+theta_b2=atand(n3/n1);//Angle when reflected off glass into air (deg)
+printf('\nb.Angle for complete horizontal polarization when reflected off glass into air = %0.1f deg',theta_b2)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH28/EX28.1/Ex28_1.sce b/3845/CH28/EX28.1/Ex28_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3720ce586 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH28/EX28.1/Ex28_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 28.1
+delta_t_0=1.52*10^-6;//Proper time for life of the muon (s)
+c=3*10^8;//Speed of light (m/s)
+v=0.950*c;//Velocity of muon (m/s)
+Gamma=1/sqrt(1-v^2/c^2);
+delta_t=Gamma*delta_t_0;//Elasped time as measured by Earth-bound observer (t)
+printf('Life of the muon as measured by Earth-bound observer = %0.2e s',delta_t)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH28/EX28.2/Ex28_2.sce b/3845/CH28/EX28.2/Ex28_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d1b042c28 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH28/EX28.2/Ex28_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 28.2
+L_0=4.3;//Distance between the Earth and Alpha Centauri as measured by an Earth-bound observer (ly)
+Gamma=30;
+L=L_0/Gamma;//Distance as measured by astronaut (ly)
+printf('a.Distance between Earth and Alpha Centauri as measured by the astronaut = %0.4f ly',L)
+//Rearranging Equation 28.24 and multiplying by (c/c) to get velocity in terms of c
+v=sqrt((30^2-1)/30^2);//Velocity (in terms of c)
+printf('\nb.Velocity of the astronaut relative to the Earth = %0.4fc',v)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH28/EX28.3/Ex28_3.sce b/3845/CH28/EX28.3/Ex28_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..caabd24d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH28/EX28.3/Ex28_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 28.3
+v=0.5;//Speed of spaceship (in terms of c)
+u_1=1;//Speed of the signal as observed from spaceship (in terms of c)
+c=1;//Speed of light (in terms of c)
+u=(v+u_1)/(1+v*u_1/c^2);//Speed at which the signal approaches the Earth (in terms of c)
+printf('Speed at which the signal approaches the Earth = %0.1fc',u)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH28/EX28.4/Ex28_4.sce b/3845/CH28/EX28.4/Ex28_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0f3c0b70e --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH28/EX28.4/Ex28_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 28.4
+v=0.5;//Speed of spaceship (in terms of c)
+u_1=0.75;//Speed of the cannister as observed from the spaceship when shot towards the Earth(in terms of c)
+c=1;//Speed of light (in terms of c)
+u=(v+u_1)/(1+v*u_1/c^2);//Speed of the cannister as observed from the Earth when shot toward it (in terms of c)
+printf('a.Speed of the cannister as observed from the Earth when shot toward it = %0.3fc',u)
+u_1b=-0.75;//Speed of the cannister as observed from the spaceship when shot away from the Earth (in terms of c)
+ub=(v+u_1b)/(1+v*u_1b/c^2);//Speed of the cannister as observed from the Earth when shot away from it (in terms of c)
+printf('\nb.Speed of the cannister as observed from the Earth when shot away from it = %0.3fc',ub)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH28/EX28.5/Ex28_5.sce b/3845/CH28/EX28.5/Ex28_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a80e4a436 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH28/EX28.5/Ex28_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 28.5
+u=0.825;//Speed at which the galaxy is moving away from the Earth (in terms of c)
+lambda_s=0.525;//Wavelength of radio waves (m)
+c=1;//Speed of light (in terms of c)
+lambda_obs=lambda_s*sqrt((1+u/c)/(1-u/c));//Wavelength detected on the Earth (m)
+printf('Wavelength of radio waves detected on the Earth = %0.2f m',lambda_obs)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH28/EX28.6/Ex28_6.sce b/3845/CH28/EX28.6/Ex28_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..05adff089 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH28/EX28.6/Ex28_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 28.6
+m=1*10^-3;//Mass (kg)
+c=3*10^8;//Speed of light (m/s)
+E_0=m*c^2;//Rest energy (J)
+printf('Rest energy = %0.2e J',E_0)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH28/EX28.7/Ex28_7.sce b/3845/CH28/EX28.7/Ex28_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..165931313 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH28/EX28.7/Ex28_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 28.7
+V=12;//Voltage (V)
+c=3*10^8;//Speed of light (m/s)
+It=600;//Battery rating (A.h)
+delta_m=(It*3600)*V/c^2;//Increase in rest mass, convert hours to seconds (kg)
+printf('a.Increase in rest mass = %0.2e kg',delta_m)
+m=20;//Mass of the battery (kg)
+percent_increase=delta_m/m*100;//Percent increase in the mass of the battery
+printf('\nb.Percent increase of the mass of the battery = %0.2e%%',percent_increase)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH28/EX28.8/Ex28_8.sce b/3845/CH28/EX28.8/Ex28_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2995b19c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH28/EX28.8/Ex28_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 28.8
+m=9.11*10^-31;//Mass of the electron (kg)
+c=3*10^8;//Speed of light (m/s)
+v=0.990*c;//Velocity of the electron (m/s)
+Gamma=1/sqrt(1-v^2/c^2);
+KE_rel=(Gamma-1)*m*c^2;//Relativistic kinetic energy (J)
+KE_rel=KE_rel*1/(1.60*10^-13);//Relativistic kinetic energy (MeV)
+printf('a.Relativistic kinetic energy = %0.2f MeV',KE_rel)
+KE_class=(1/2)*m*v^2;//Classical kinetic energy (J)
+KE_class=KE_class*1/(1.60*10^-13);//Classical kinetic energy (MeV)
+printf('\nb.Classical kinetic energy = %0.3f MeV',KE_class)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH29/EX29.1/Ex29_1.sce b/3845/CH29/EX29.1/Ex29_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6f10ea05d --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH29/EX29.1/Ex29_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 29.1
+lambda=420*10^-9;//Wavelength of violet light (m)
+c=3*10^8;//Speed of light (m/s)
+h=6.63*10^-34;//Planck's constant (J.s)
+f=c/lambda;//Frequency (Hz)
+E=h*f;//Energy (J)
+printf('a.Photon energy = %0.2e J',E)
+E=E*1/(1.6*10^-19);//Energy (eV)
+printf('\n Photon energy = %0.2f eV',E)
+BE=2.71;//Binding energy (eV)
+KE_e=E-BE;//Maximum kinetic energy of electrons (eV)
+printf('\nb.Maximum kinetic energy of electrons = %0.3f eV',KE_e)
+//Answer varies from the textbook for (b.)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH29/EX29.10/Ex29_10.sce b/3845/CH29/EX29.10/Ex29_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ed49ddf5d --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH29/EX29.10/Ex29_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 29.10
+lambda=550*10^-9;//Wavelength (m)
+h=6.63*10^-34;//Planck's constant (J.s)
+p=h/lambda;//Momentum of the photon (kg.m/s)
+printf('a.Momentum of the photon = %0.2e kg.m/s',p)
+m=1*10^-9;//Mass of the particle of dust (kg)
+//After deducing from equation for conservation of momentum,
+v=p/m;//Recoil velocity of the particle of dust (m/s)
+printf('\nb.Recoil velocity of the particle of dust = %0.2e m/s',v)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH29/EX29.2/Ex29_2.sce b/3845/CH29/EX29.2/Ex29_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..61d4f28a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH29/EX29.2/Ex29_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 29.2
+q=1.60*10^-19;//Charge of an electron (C)
+V=50*10^3;//Potential difference (V)
+hf=q*V;//Maximum photon energy (J)
+hf=hf*1/(1.60*10^-19);//maximum photon energy (eV)
+printf('Maximum x-ray photon energy = %0.1f keV',hf/1000)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH29/EX29.3/Ex29_3.sce b/3845/CH29/EX29.3/Ex29_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e5a7fbe6f --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH29/EX29.3/Ex29_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Example 29.3
+h=4.14*10^-15;//Planck's constant (eV.s)
+c=3*10^8*10^9;//Speed of light (nm/s)
+lambda=100;//Wavelength (nm)
+E=h*c/lambda;//Photon energy (eV)
+//The value h*c=1240eV.nm may also be used directly
+printf('Vacuum UV photon energy = %0.1f eV',E)
+//Discussion
+E1=10;//Energy to ionize atom or molecule (lowest in the possible range 10eV to 1000eV) (eV), See Table 29.1
+E2=10;//Binding energy of a tightly bound molecule (eV), See Table 29.1
+E3=1;//Binding energy of a weakly bound molecule (eV), See Table 29.1
+printf('\nDiscussion:')
+if E>E1
+ printf('\nThe photon energy might be sufficient to ionize an atom or molecule')
+end
+if E>E2
+ printf('\nThe photon energy is sufficient to break apart %0.0f tightly bound molecule(s)',E/E2)
+end
+if E>E3
+ printf('\nThe photon energy is sufficient to break apart %0.0f weakly bound molecule(s)',E/E3 )
+end
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH29/EX29.4/Ex29_4.sce b/3845/CH29/EX29.4/Ex29_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8cf25f905 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH29/EX29.4/Ex29_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 29.4
+h=6.63*10^-34;//Planck's constant (J.s)
+c=3*10^8;//Speed of light (m/s)
+lambda=580*10^-9;//Wavelength (m)
+P=0.1*100;//Power in visible light production, 10% of 100W, (W)
+E=h*c/lambda;//Photon energy (J)
+photons=P/E;//Number of visible photons per second (photons/s)
+printf('Number of visible photons per second = %0.2e photons/s',photons)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH29/EX29.5/Ex29_5.sce b/3845/CH29/EX29.5/Ex29_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..de284abbe --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH29/EX29.5/Ex29_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +//Example 29.5
+h=6.63*10^-34;//Planck's constant (J.s)
+lambda=500*10^-9;//Wavelength (m)
+p=h/lambda;//Momentum of the photon (kg.m/s)
+printf('a.Momentum of the visible photon = %0.2e kg.m/s',p)
+m=9.11*10^-31;//Mass of an electron (kg)
+v=p/m;//Velocity of the electron (m/s)
+printf('\nb.Velocity of the electron = %0.1f m/s',v)
+KE_e=(1/2)*m*v^2;//Kinetic energy of the electron (J)
+KE_e=KE_e*1/(1.60*10^-19);//Kinetic energy of the electron (eV)
+printf('\nc.Kinetic energy of the electron = %0.2e eV',KE_e)
+hc=1240;//Planck's constant*speed of light (eV.nm)
+E=hc/(lambda/10^-9);//Photon energy (eV)
+printf('\n Photon energy = %0.2f eV',E)
+//To calulate the order of magnitude by which the energies differ
+if E>KE_e
+ big=E;
+ small=KE_e;
+ BIG='The photon energy';
+elseif KE_e>E
+ big=KE_e;
+ small=E;
+ BIG='The kinetic energy of the electron';
+else
+ printf('\nThe photon energy is equal to the kinetic energy of the electron')
+end
+i=0;
+while(small<big)
+small=small*10;
+i=i+1;
+end
+i=i-1;
+printf('\n %s is greater by an order of magnitude of about %d',BIG,i)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH29/EX29.6/Ex29_6.sce b/3845/CH29/EX29.6/Ex29_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..56114b346 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH29/EX29.6/Ex29_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 29.6
+E=2.48;//Photon energy (eV), See Example 29.5
+E=E*1.60*10^-19;//Photon energy (J)
+c=3*10^8;//Speed of light (nm/s)
+p1=1.33*10^-27;//Photon momentum (kg.m/s), See Example 29.5
+printf('Photon momentum = %0.2e kg.m/s (p=h/lambda, See Example 29.5)',p1)
+p=E/c;//Photon momentum (kg.m/s)
+printf('\nPhoton momentum = %0.2e kg.m/s (p=E/c)',p)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH29/EX29.7/Ex29_7.sce b/3845/CH29/EX29.7/Ex29_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..01e46d425 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH29/EX29.7/Ex29_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 29.7
+lambda=0.167*10^-9;//de Broglie wavelength (m)
+h=6.63*10^-34;//Planck's constant (J.s)
+m=9.11*10^-31;//Mass of an electron (kg)
+v=h/(m*lambda);//Electron's velocity (m/s)
+printf('a.Velocity of the electron = %0.2e m/s',v)
+KE=(1/2)*m*v^2;//Kinetic energy (J)
+KE=KE*1/(1.602*10^-19);//Kinetic energy (eV)
+printf('\nb.Kinetic energy of the electron = %0.1f eV',KE)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH29/EX29.8/Ex29_8.sce b/3845/CH29/EX29.8/Ex29_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9e7a8b364 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH29/EX29.8/Ex29_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 29.8
+delta_x=0.01*10^-9;//Uncertainty in position (m)
+h=6.63*10^-34;//Planck's constant (J.s)
+delta_p=h/(4*%pi*delta_x);//Uncertainty in momentum (kg.m/s)
+m=9.11*10^-31;//Mass of an electron (kg)
+delta_v=delta_p/m;//Uncertainty in velocity (m/s)
+printf('a.Electron''s uncertainty in velocity = %0.2e m/s',delta_v)
+KE_e=(1/2)*m*delta_v^2;//Kinetic energy of electron (J)
+KE_e=KE_e*1/(1.60*10^-19);//Kinetic energy of electron(eV)
+printf('\nb.Kinetic energy of electron = %0.1f eV',KE_e)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH29/EX29.9/Ex29_9.sce b/3845/CH29/EX29.9/Ex29_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8a3c975af --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH29/EX29.9/Ex29_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 29.9
+delta_t=1*10^-10;//Uncertainty in time (s)
+h=6.63*10^-34;//Planck's constant (J.s)
+delta_E=h/(4*%pi*delta_t);//Uncertainty in energy (J)
+delta_E=delta_E*1/(1.6*10^-19);//Uncertainty in energy (eV)
+printf('Minimum uncertainty in energy = %0.1e eV',delta_E)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH3/EX3.1/Ex3_1.sce b/3845/CH3/EX3.1/Ex3_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..817da7bba --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH3/EX3.1/Ex3_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +//Example 3.1
+
+//This code utilises dependency file 'Compute_Angle.sci'
+exec Compute_Angle.sci;//Execute dependency file
+
+//To draw vector A
+x=0;
+y=0;//x and y are the starting point coordinates
+magnitude=25;
+theta=49;
+x_end=magnitude*cosd(theta);
+y_end=magnitude*sind(theta);//x_end and y_end are the ending point coordinates
+xarrows([x;x_end],[y;y_end])//Draw the arrow
+a=gca();//Get current axes
+a.isoview='on';//Set the axes scales to be equal
+a.x_location="origin";//Set x-axis at origin
+a.axes_visible="on"//Make axes visible
+a.data_bounds=[0,-10;60,25]//Set data bounds
+xlabel(a,'x','position',[57 -5])
+ylabel(a,'y','position',[-5 23],'rotation',0)
+xstring(10,10,'A');//Label vector A
+
+//To draw vector B
+x=x_end;
+y=y_end;//x and y are the starting point coordinates
+magnitude=23;
+theta=15;
+x_end=x+magnitude*cosd(theta);
+y_end=y+magnitude*sind(theta);//x_end and y_end are end point coordinates
+xarrows([x;x_end],[y;y_end])//Draw the arrow
+xstring(30,20.5,'B');//Label vector B
+
+//To draw vector C
+x=x_end;
+y=y_end;//x and y are the starting point coordinates
+magnitude=32;
+theta=-68;//The angle is negative since it is measured clockwise from the reference axis
+x_end=x+magnitude*cosd(theta);
+y_end=y+magnitude*sind(theta);//x_end and y_end are end point coordinates
+xarrows([x;x_end],[y;y_end]);//Draw the arrow
+xstring(44.5,10,'C');//Label vector C
+
+//To draw vector R
+x=0;
+y=0;//x and y are the starting point coordinates
+xarrows([x;x_end],[y;y_end]);//Draw the arrow
+xstring(25,-4.5,'R');//Label vector R
+
+r=sqrt(x_end^2+y_end^2);//Magnitude of vector R
+printf('Resultant displacement = %0.1f m',r)
+theta_r=Compute_Angle(x_end,y_end);//Direction of vector R
+printf('\nDirection = %0.1f deg (measured anticlockwise from positive x-axis)',theta_r)
+printf('\nOr\nDirection = %0.1f deg (measured clockwise from positive x-axis)',abs(360-theta_r))
+//Answers vary due to round errors, as well as the accuracy of measurement for the graphical method described in the textbook
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH3/EX3.2/Ex3_2.sce b/3845/CH3/EX3.2/Ex3_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e17d18b67 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH3/EX3.2/Ex3_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +//Example 3.2
+
+//This code utilises dependency file 'Compute_Angle.sci'
+exec Compute_Angle.sci;//Execute dependency file
+
+//To find the position of the boat
+subplot(2,1,1)
+//To draw vector A
+x=0;
+y=0;//x and y are the starting point coordinates
+magnitude=27.5;
+theta=66;
+x_end=magnitude*cosd(theta);
+y_end=magnitude*sind(theta);//x_end and y_end are the ending point coordinates
+xarrows([x;x_end],[y;y_end])//Draw vector A
+a=gca();//Get current axes
+a.isoview='on';//Set the axes scales to be equal
+a.x_location="origin";//Set x-axis at origin
+a.y_location="origin";//Set y-axis at origin
+a.axes_visible="on"//Make axes visible
+a.data_bounds=[0,-20;30,40]//Set data bounds
+a.auto_ticks='off';//Disable visibility of graduations
+title('Position of the boat');
+xlabel(a,'x','position',[28 -12])
+ylabel(a,'y','position',[-10 35],'rotation',0)
+xstring(7,10,'A');//Label vector A
+
+//To draw vector B
+x=x_end;
+y=y_end;//x and y are the starting point coordinates
+magnitude=30.0;
+theta=-68;//See Figure 3.22
+x_end=x+magnitude*cosd(theta);
+y_end=y+magnitude*sind(theta);//x_end and y_end are end point coordinates
+xarrows([x;x_end],[y;y_end])//Draw vector B
+xstring(16,13.5,'B');//Label vector B
+
+//To draw vector R
+x=0;
+y=0;//x and y are the starting point coordinates
+xarrows([x;x_end],[y;y_end]);//Draw vector R
+xstring(14.5,-12,'R');//Label vector R
+
+r=sqrt(x_end^2+y_end^2);//Magnitude of vector R
+printf('Distance of the boat from the starting point = %0.1f m',r)
+theta_r=Compute_Angle(x_end,y_end);//Direction of vector R
+printf('\nDirection = %0.1f deg (measured anticlockwise from positive x-axis)',theta_r)
+printf('\nOr\nDirection of resultant = %0.1f deg (measured clockwise from positive x-axis)',abs(360-theta_r))
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+subplot(2,1,2)
+//To draw vector A
+x=0;
+y=0;//x and y are the starting point coordinates
+magnitude=27.5;
+theta=66;
+x_end=magnitude*cosd(theta);
+y_end=magnitude*sind(theta);//x_end and y_end are the ending point coordinates
+xarrows([x;x_end],[y;y_end])//Draw vector A
+a=gca();//Get current axes
+a.isoview='on';//Set the axes scales to be equal
+a.x_location="origin";//Set x-axis at origin
+a.y_location="origin";//Set y-axis at origin
+a.axes_visible="on"//Make axes visible
+a.data_bounds=[0,-5;30,60]//Set data bounds
+a.auto_ticks='off';//Disable visibilty of graduations
+title('Position of the dock');
+xlabel(a,'x','position',[28 -11])
+ylabel(a,'y','position',[-18 30],'rotation',0)
+xstring(7,10,'A');//Label vector A
+
+//To draw vector B
+x=x_end;
+y=y_end;//x and y are the starting point coordinates
+magnitude=30.0;
+theta=112;//See Figure 3.22
+x_end=x+magnitude*cosd(theta);
+y_end=y+magnitude*sind(theta);//x_end and y_end are end point coordinates
+xarrows([x;x_end],[y;y_end])//Draw vector
+xstring(8,33,'B');//Label vector B
+
+//To draw vector R
+x=0;
+y=0;//x and y are the starting point coordinates
+xarrows([x;x_end],[y;y_end]);//Draw vector R
+xstring(-5,30,'R');//Label vector R
+
+
+r=sqrt(x_end^2+y_end^2);//Magnitude of vector R
+printf('\n\nDistance of the dock from the starting point = %0.1f m',r)
+theta_r=Compute_Angle(x_end,y_end);//Direction of vector R
+printf('\nDirection = %0.1f deg (measured anticlockwise from positive x-axis)',theta_r)
+printf('\nOr\nDirection of resultant = %0.1f deg (measured clockwise from positive x-axis)',abs(360-theta_r))
+//Answers vary due to round errors, as well as the accuracy of measurement for the graphical method described in the textbook
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH3/EX3.3/Ex3_3.sce b/3845/CH3/EX3.3/Ex3_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..329ebda3c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH3/EX3.3/Ex3_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Example 3.3
+A=53;//Magnitude of vector A (m)
+theta_A=20;//Direction of vector A (deg)
+B=34;//Magnitude of vector B (m)
+theta_B=63;//Direction of vector B (deg)
+A_x=A*cosd(theta_A);//x-component of vector A (m)
+B_x=B*cosd(theta_B);//x-component of vector B (m)
+A_y=A*sind(theta_A);//y-component of vector A (m)
+B_y=B*sind(theta_B);//y-component of vector B (m)
+R_x=A_x+B_x;//x-component of resultant (m)
+R_y=A_y+B_y;//y-component of resultant (m)
+R=sqrt(R_x^2+R_y^2);//Magnitude of the resultant (m)
+printf('Magnitude of the resultant = %0.1f m',R)
+theta=atand(R_y/R_x);//Direction of the resultant (deg)
+printf('\nDirection of the resultant = %0.1f deg',theta)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce b/3845/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ff8e119c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH3/EX3.4/Ex3_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Example 3.4
+y_0=0;//Initial position (m)
+v_y=0;//Final velocity (m/s)
+v_0=70;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+theta_0=75;//Initial angle (deg)
+v_0y=v_0*sind(theta_0);//y-component of initial velocity (m/s)
+g=9.8;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+y=(v_0y^2-v_y^2)/(2*g)+y_0;//Rearranging Equation 3.45 for maximum height (m)
+printf('a.Maximum height = %0.1f m',y)
+t=(y-y_0)/(1/2*(v_0y+v_y));//Rearranging Equation 3.37 for time (s)
+printf('\nb.Time between launch and explosion of shell = %0.2f s',t)
+x_0=0;//Initial horizontal distance (m)
+v_x=v_0*cosd(theta_0);//x-component of initial velocity (m/s)
+x=x_0+v_x*t;//Rearranging Equation 3.34 for horizontal displacement (m)
+printf('\nc.Horizontal displacement of the shell when it explodes = %0.1f m',x)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH3/EX3.5/Ex3_5.sce b/3845/CH3/EX3.5/Ex3_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..65cf94ec3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH3/EX3.5/Ex3_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +//Example 3.5
+y_0;//Initial position (m)
+y=-20;//Final position (m)
+v_0=25;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+theta_0=35;//Initial angle (deg)
+v_0y=v_0*sind(theta_0);//y-component of initial velocity (m/s)
+g=9.8;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+
+p=[(-1/2*g) (v_0y) (y_0-y)];//Rearranging Equation 3.57 to get a quadratic equation with t as the variable
+r=roots(p);//Finding roots of the polynomial
+//The roots are complex encoded, this can be checked using
+//disp(isreal(r(1,1)))
+//which gives 'F'
+if real(r(1,1))<0//Using real part
+ printf('a.Time taken to follow the path = %0.2f s',r(2,1))
+ t=real(r(2,1));//Time (s)
+else
+ printf('a.Time taken to follow the path = %0.2f s',r(1,1))
+ t=real(r(1,1));//Time (s)
+end
+
+v_x=v_0*cosd(theta_0);//x-component of velocity (m/s)
+v_y=v_0y-g*t;//y-component of final velocity (m/s)
+v=sqrt(v_x^2+v_y^2);//Magnitude of final velocity (m/s)
+printf('\nb.Magnitude of rock''s velocity at impact = %0.1f m/s',v)
+theta_v=atand(v_y/v_x);//Direction of resultant (deg)
+printf('\n Direction of rock''s velocity at impact = %0.1f deg',theta_v)
+//Answer varies slightly in (c)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH3/EX3.6/Ex3_6.sce b/3845/CH3/EX3.6/Ex3_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e908b8228 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH3/EX3.6/Ex3_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 3.6
+v_river=1.2;//Velocity of river current (m/s)
+v_x=v_river;//x-component of velocity (m/s)
+v_boat=0.75;//Velocity of boat (m/s)
+v_y=v_boat;//y-component of velocity (m/s)
+v_tot=sqrt(v_x^2+v_y^2);//Magnitude of resultant velocity (m/s)
+printf('Magnitude of the boat''s velocity relative to the observer on the shore = %0.2f m/s',v_tot)
+theta=atand(v_y/v_x);//Direction of resultant velocity (deg)
+printf('\nDirection of the boat''s velocity relative to the observer on the shore = %0.1f deg',theta)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH3/EX3.7/Ex3_7.sce b/3845/CH3/EX3.7/Ex3_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6dbbe0721 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH3/EX3.7/Ex3_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 3.7
+v_tot=38;//Total velocity (m/s)
+v_totx=v_tot*cosd(110);//x-component of total velocity (m/s)
+v_toty=v_tot*sind(110);//y-component of total velocity (m/s)
+v_p=45;//Velocity of the plane (m/s)
+v_wx=v_totx;//x-component of wind velocity, See Equation 3.85 (m/s)
+v_wy=v_toty-v_p;//y-component of wind velocity, See Equation 3.87 (m/s)
+v_w=sqrt(v_wx^2+v_wy^2);//Magnitude of wind velocity (m/s)
+printf('Magnitude of wind velocity = %0.1f m/s',v_w)
+theta=atand(v_wy/v_wx);//Direction of wind velocity (deg)
+printf('\nDirection of wind velocity = %0.1f deg',theta)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH3/EX3.8/Ex3_8.sce b/3845/CH3/EX3.8/Ex3_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1077a23a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH3/EX3.8/Ex3_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 3.8
+v_0y=0;//Initial vertical velocity (m/s)
+g=9.8;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+y_0=0;//Initial position (m)
+y=-1.5;//Final position (m)
+v_y=-sqrt(v_0y^2-2*g*(y-y_0));//Final vertical velocity (m/s)
+//The negative root is taken as the velocity is directed downward
+printf('a.Velocity of the coin relative to the plane = %0.2f m/s',v_y)
+v_x=260;//Horizontal velocity (m/s)
+v=sqrt(v_x^2+v_y^2)//Velocity relative to the Earth (m/s)
+printf('\nb.Velocity of the coin relative to the Earth = %0.2f m/s',v)
+theta=atand(v_y/v_x);//Direction of velocity (deg)
+printf('\n Direction of the velocity of the coin relative to the Earth = %0.2f deg',theta)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH30/EX30.1/Ex30_1.sce b/3845/CH30/EX30.1/Ex30_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0c3e66c6e --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH30/EX30.1/Ex30_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 30.1
+n_f=2;//For Balmer series
+n_i=4;//For second line of Balmer series
+R=1.097*10^7;//Rydberg constant (m^-1)
+lambda=1/[R*(1/n_f^2-1/n_i^2)];//Wavelength equation (m)
+printf('a.Wavelength corresponding to second line of Balmer series = %0.1f nm',lambda*10^9)
+m=1;//Order of interference
+theta=15;//Angle from the original beam direction (deg)
+d=m*lambda/sind(theta);
+printf('\nb.Distance between slits = %0.2e m',d)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH30/EX30.2/Ex30_2.sce b/3845/CH30/EX30.2/Ex30_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..89deb4c5a --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH30/EX30.2/Ex30_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 30.2
+Z=74-1;//Effective charge for tungsten
+E_0=13.6;//Ground-state energy (eV)
+n1=1;//n=1 shell
+E_1=-Z^2/n1^2*E_0;//Energy level for n=1 shell (eV)
+n2=2;//n=2 shell
+E_2=-Z^2/n2^2*E_0;//Energy level for n=2 shell (eV)
+E_K_alpha=E_2-E_1;//K_alpha x-ray energy (eV)
+printf('Approximate energy of the K_alpha x-ray = %0.1f keV',E_K_alpha/1000)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH30/EX30.3/Ex30_3.sce b/3845/CH30/EX30.3/Ex30_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..742216caf --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH30/EX30.3/Ex30_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 30.3
+l=1;//Angular momentum quantum number
+h=6.63*10^-34;//Planck's constant (kg.m^2/s)
+L=sqrt(l*(l+1))*h/(2*%pi);//Angular momentum vector (kg.m^2/s)
+printf('Angles that L can make with the z-axis:\n')
+for ml=1:-1:-1//ml is the angular momentum projection quantum number (for l=1, ml can be +1,0 or -1)
+ L_Z=ml*h/(2*%pi);//Component of angular momentum vector along z-axis (kg.m^2/s)
+ theta=acosd(L_Z/L);//Angles that L can make with the z-axis (deg)
+ printf('%0.1f deg\n',theta)
+end
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH30/EX30.4/Ex30_4.sce b/3845/CH30/EX30.4/Ex30_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1e2e882c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH30/EX30.4/Ex30_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +//Example 30.4
+n=2;//Shell
+number_subshell=0;//To store value of number of subshells
+for i=0:1:n-1
+ number_subshell=number_subshell+1;
+end
+
+
+//To calculate number of rows required for the table
+rows=0;
+for l=0:1:number_subshell-1
+ rows=rows+2*(2*l+1)
+end
+
+
+
+//Defining string matrices
+A=repmat(' ',[rows 4]);//To list n, l, m_l and m_s
+B=repmat(' ',[rows 3]);//To list subshell, number of electrons in each subshell and total number of electrons
+C=['n' 'l' 'm_l' 'm_s' 'Subshell' 'Total in subshell' 'Total in shell'];//Header row
+
+
+
+//Function to return subshell character
+function [s]=subshell(l)
+if l==0
+ s='s';
+elseif l==1
+ s='p';
+elseif l==2
+ s='d';
+elseif l==3
+ s='f';
+elseif l==4
+ s='g';
+elseif l==5
+ s='h';
+elseif l==6
+ s='i';
+end
+endfunction
+//Function defined for upto l=6
+
+
+
+r=1;//Row number
+total=0;//To store total number of electrons in the shell
+for l=0:1:number_subshell-1
+ m_l=l;
+ B(r,1)=string(n)+subshell(l);//Subshell
+ B(r,2)=string(2*(2*l+1));//Number of electrons in subshell
+ total=total+(2*(2*l+1));
+ for i=1:1:(2*(2*l+1))
+ A(r,1)=string(n);//n
+ A(r,2)=string(l);//l
+
+ A(r,3)=string(m_l)//m_l
+ if modulo(i,2)==0
+ m_l=m_l-1;
+ end//m_l (decreases by 1 after every two rows)
+
+ if modulo(r,2)==0
+ A(r,4)='-1/2';
+ else
+ A(r,4)='+1/2';
+ end//m_s (positive and negative sign alternates with every row)
+ r=r+1;
+ end
+end
+B(1,3)=string(total);//Total number of electrons in shell
+disp([C;A B])//Combining the matrices
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH30/EX30.5/Ex30_5.sce b/3845/CH30/EX30.5/Ex30_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0e70bef0f --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH30/EX30.5/Ex30_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//Example 30.5
+n=3;//Shell
+number_subshell=0;//To store value of number of subshells
+for i=0:1:n-1
+ number_subshell=number_subshell+1;
+end
+printf('Number of subshells in the nth shell = %d\n\n',number_subshell)
+Max=0;//To store value of Maximum number of electrons in a shell
+for l=0:1:2
+ electrons_in_subshell=2*(2*l+1)
+ if l==0
+ s='s';
+ elseif l==1
+ s='p';
+ elseif l==2
+ s='d';
+ elseif l==3
+ s='f';
+ elseif l==4
+ s='g';
+ elseif l==5
+ s='h';
+ elseif l==6
+ s='i';
+ end
+ printf('%d%s subshell can have a maximum of %d electrons\n',n,s,electrons_in_subshell)
+ Max=Max+electrons_in_subshell;
+end
+printf('Maximum number of electrons that can be in the shell = %d',Max)
+if Max==(2*n^2)
+ printf('\n\nThis is the same as calculated by the formula: \nMaximum number of electrons that can be in the nth shell = (2*n^2)')
+end
+//The code is programmed for upto l=6. Beyond this, the subshell notation may be carried on in alphabetical order
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH31/EX31.1/Ex31_1.sce b/3845/CH31/EX31.1/Ex31_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..43b344cd1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH31/EX31.1/Ex31_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 31.1
+r_0=1.2;//(fm)
+A=56;//Mass number of nucleus
+r=r_0*A^(1/3);//Radius of nucleus (fm)
+printf('a.Radius of nucleus = %0.1f fm',r)
+m=56;//mass (u)
+V=(4/3)*%pi*r^3;//Volume of sphere of radius r
+rho=m/V;//Density (u/fm^3)
+rho=0.138*(1.66*10^-27)/(10^-15)^3;//Density (kg/m^3), Convert fm to m (1 fm = 10^-15m)
+printf('\nb.Approximate density = %0.1e kg/m^3',rho)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH31/EX31.2/Ex31_2.sce b/3845/CH31/EX31.2/Ex31_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e08e1bf81 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH31/EX31.2/Ex31_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 31.2
+m_parent=239.052157;//Atomic mass of parent nucleus (Pu 239)(u), See Appendix A
+m_final=235.043924+4.002603;//Final atomic mass of products of decay (U 235 and He 4)(u), See Appendix A
+delta_m=m_parent-m_final;//Difference in mass (u)
+E=delta_m*931.5;//Energy emitted in decay (MeV)
+//E=delta_m*c^2, but 1 u=931.5MeV/c^2
+printf('Energy emitted in decay = %0.2f MeV',E)
+//Answer varies due to the difference in value of atomic mass of He-4 found in Appendix A and the value used in textbook
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH31/EX31.3/Ex31_3.sce b/3845/CH31/EX31.3/Ex31_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2d89d117c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH31/EX31.3/Ex31_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 31.3
+format('v',11)
+m_parent=59.933819;//Atomic mass of parent nucleus (Co 60) (u), See Appendix A
+m_final=59.930788;//Final atomic mass of product of decay (Ni 60) (u), See Appendix A
+delta_m=m_parent-m_final;//Difference in mass (u)
+E=delta_m*931.5;//Energy emitted in decay (MeV)
+//E=delta_m*c^2, but 1 u=931.5MeV/c^2
+printf('Energy emitted in decay = %0.2f MeV',E)
+//There is a small variation in the values used in the textbook and the ones found in Appendix A
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH31/EX31.4/Ex31_4.sce b/3845/CH31/EX31.4/Ex31_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4e2e62ad1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH31/EX31.4/Ex31_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 31.4
+t_half=5730;//Half-life of Carbon-14 (y)
+lambda=0.693/t_half;//Decay constant (1/y)
+t=-log(0.92)/lambda;//Calculated age (y)
+//Above formula is obtained after mathematical simplification of Equation 31.38
+printf('The age of the Shroud of Turin = %0.1f years',t)
+//The answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH31/EX31.5/Ex31_5.sce b/3845/CH31/EX31.5/Ex31_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3084a88a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH31/EX31.5/Ex31_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 31.5
+N_C12=(6.02*10^23)/12*1000;//Number of carbon nuclei (C-12) in a kg
+N_C14=N_C12*(1.3*10^-12);//Number of carbon nuclei (C-14) in a kg
+t_half=5730;//Half-life of C-14 (y), See Appendix B
+R=0.693*N_C14/t_half;//Activity (y^-1 or decays per year)
+R=R*1/(3.16*10^7);//Activity (Bq or decays per second)
+printf('\nActivity R = %0.1f Bq',R)
+R=R/(3.7*10^10);//Activity (Ci)
+printf('\nActivity R = %0.2f nCi',R*10^9)
+//Answers vary due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH31/EX31.6/Ex31_6.sce b/3845/CH31/EX31.6/Ex31_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a3ed547e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH31/EX31.6/Ex31_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 31.6
+R=6*10^6;//Activity (Ci)
+t_half=30.17;//Half-life of Cs-137 (y),See Appendix B
+N=R*(3.7*10^10)*t_half*(3.16*10^7)/0.693;//Number of nuclei
+//In the above equation,curies are converted to becquerels and years to seconds by multiplying with (3.7*10^10 Bq/Ci) and (3.16*10^7s/y) respectively
+m=(137/(6.02*10^23))*(3.1*10^26);//Mass of Cs-137 released (g)
+printf('Mass of Cs-137 released = %0.1f kg',m/1000)
+//There is a small variation in the value used in the textbook and the one found in Appendix B
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH31/EX31.7/Ex31_7.sce b/3845/CH31/EX31.7/Ex31_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3a9ee9029 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH31/EX31.7/Ex31_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Example 32.7
+Z=2;//Number of protons
+N=2;//Number of neutrons
+m_He4=4.002603;//Atomic mass of nuclide (u), See Appendix A
+m_H1=1.007825;//Atomic mass of a hydrogen atom (u), See Appendix A
+m_n=1.008665;//Atomic mass of a neutron (u), See Appendix A
+BE={[Z*m_H1+N*m_n]-m_He4}*931.5;//Binding Energy (MeV)
+//To get the above equation,start with
+//BE=(delta_m*c^2) where,
+//delta_m={[Z*m_H1+N*m_n]-m_He4} is the mass defect (u) and c is speed of light (m/s)
+//and use the conversion 1u = 931.5MeV/c^2
+A=4;//Mass Number
+be=BE/A;//Binding energy per nucleon (MeV/nucleon);
+printf('Binding energy per nucleon of He-4 = %0.2f MeV/nucleon',be)
+//There is a small variation in the value of atomic mass of He-4 used in the textbook and the one found in Appendix A
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH32/EX32.1/Ex32_1.sce b/3845/CH32/EX32.1/Ex32_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..15817e166 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH32/EX32.1/Ex32_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 32.1
+//Activity R=1.00*10^-6 Ci=3.70*10^4 Bq=3.70*10^4 decays/s
+m=2;//Mass (kg)
+RBE=20;//Relative Biological Effectiveness, See Table 32.2
+d=(3.70*10^4)*(3.16*10^7);//Number of decays per year=R*Number of seconds in a year
+E=d*5.23*1.60*10^-13;//Ionisation energy deposited per year (J)
+Dose1=(E/m)/1;//Dose (Gy)
+Dose2=Dose1*20;//Dose (Sv)
+printf('Dose in Gy = %0.3f Gy',Dose1)
+printf('\nDose in Sv = %0.1f Sv',Dose2)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH32/EX32.2/Ex32_2.sce b/3845/CH32/EX32.2/Ex32_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..57c1a1326 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH32/EX32.2/Ex32_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Example 32.2
+a1=2.014102;//Atomic mass of deuterium (u), See Appendix A
+a2=3.016050;//Atomic mass of tritium (u), See Appendix A
+a=a1+a2;//Total atomic mass per reaction (u)
+m=a;//Mass per mole of reactants (g/mol)
+mol_of_reactants=1000/m;//Mol of reactants in 1kg
+N=mol_of_reactants*6.02*10^23;//Number of reactions
+E=N*17.59*(1.602*10^-13);//Total energy output=number of reactions*energy per reaction) (J)
+printf('a. Total energy output = %0.2e J',E)
+t=3.16*10^7;//Number of seconds in a year (s)
+power=E/t;
+printf('\nb. Power output = %0.1f MW',power/10^6)
+//There is a small variation in the value of atomic mass of Tritium used in the textbook from that found in Appendix A
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH32/EX32.3/Ex32_3.sce b/3845/CH32/EX32.3/Ex32_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..54d07d800 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH32/EX32.3/Ex32_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 32.3
+m_prod=94.919388+139.921610+3*(1.008665);//Total mass of products (Sr 95, Xe 140, n)(u)
+delta_m=238.050784-m_prod;//Mass lost (u)
+E=delta_m*931.5;//Energy released (MeV)
+//E=delta_m*(931.5MeV/c^2)/u*c^2
+printf('Energy released = %0.1f MeV',E)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH32/EX32.4/Ex32_4.sce b/3845/CH32/EX32.4/Ex32_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b3fbcde9e --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH32/EX32.4/Ex32_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 32.4
+m=235.04;//Mass of one mole of 235 U (g)
+mol=1000/m;//Number of moles in 1 kg (mol)
+atoms=mol*6.02*10^23;//Number of atoms in 1kg of 235 U
+E=atoms*200*1.6*10^-13;//Total energy released (J)
+printf('Total energy released = %0.2e J',E)
+//The answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH33/EX33.1/Ex33_1.sce b/3845/CH33/EX33.1/Ex33_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0dac9e87c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH33/EX33.1/Ex33_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 33.1
+d=10^-15;//Range of the strong nuclear force (m)
+c=3.0*10^8;//Speed of light (m/s)
+delta_t=d/c;//Time during which the pion exists (s)
+h=6.63*10^-34;//Planck's constant (J.s)
+delta_E=h/(4*%pi*delta_t);//Energy uncertainity from Heisenberg uncertainty principle (J)
+delta_E=delta_E*1/(1.6*10^-13)//Energy uncertainity (MeV),delta_E=delta_E*1MeV/(1.6*10^-13J)
+//Mass of pion m=delta_E/c^2
+m=delta_E;//Mass of pion (MeV/c^2)
+printf('Mass of the pion = %0.1f MeV/c^2',m)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH33/EX33.2/Ex33_2.sce b/3845/CH33/EX33.2/Ex33_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..55887eda6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH33/EX33.2/Ex33_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 33.2
+//V_gap=Sum of gap voltages/Number of gaps
+//Sum of gap voltages=800MV, since to produce a 800MeV proton beam, the proton gains 1eV per volt across each gap it passes through
+//Number of gaps=2000
+V_gap=800*10^6/2000;
+printf('The average voltage to be applied between the tubes = %d kV',V_gap/1000)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH33/EX33.3/Ex33_3.sce b/3845/CH33/EX33.3/Ex33_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..42dfd9414 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH33/EX33.3/Ex33_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ +//Example 33.3
+//See Table 33.2
+//Part (a)
+S_negative_Xi=-2;//Strangeness of negative Xi
+S_neutral_Lambda=-1;//Strangeness of neutral Lambda
+S_negative_Pi=0;//Strangeness of negative Pion
+S_change=abs((S_negative_Pi+S_neutral_Lambda)-S_negative_Xi);//Change in strangeness
+printf('a.Strangeness changes by +%d',S_change)
+
+B_negative_Xi=+1;//Baryon number of negative Xi
+B_neutral_Lambda=+1;//Baryon number of neutral Lambda
+B_negative_Pi=0;//Baryon number of negative Pion
+if (B_negative_Xi==B_neutral_Lambda+B_negative_Pi)
+ printf('\n Baryon number is conserved')
+else
+ printf('\n Baryon number is not conserved')
+end
+
+Charge_negative_Xi=-1;//Charge of negative Xi
+Charge_neutral_Lambda=0;//Charge of neutral Lambda
+Charge_negative_Pi=-1;//Charge of negative Pion
+if Charge_negative_Xi==(Charge_neutral_Lambda+Charge_negative_Pi)
+ printf('\n Charge is conserved')
+else
+ printf('\n Charge is not conserved')
+end
+
+printf('\n Lepton numbers:')
+Le_negative_Xi=0;//Electron family number of negative Xi
+Le_neutral_Lambda=0;//Electron family number of neutral Lambda
+Le_negative_Pi=0;//Electron family number of negative Pion
+if (Le_negative_Xi==Le_neutral_Lambda+Le_negative_Pi)
+ printf('\n Electron family number is conserved')
+else
+ printf('\n Electron family number is not conserved')
+end
+
+Ltau_negative_Xi=0;//Tau family number of negative Xi
+Ltau_neutral_Lambda=0;//Tau family number of neutral Lambda
+Ltau_negative_Pi=0;//Tau family number of negative Pion
+if (Ltau_negative_Xi==Ltau_neutral_Lambda+Ltau_negative_Pi)
+ printf('\n Tau family number is conserved')
+else
+ printf('\n Tau family number is not conserved')
+end
+
+Lmu_negative_Xi=0;//Muon family number of negative Xi
+Lmu_neutral_Lambda=0;//Muon family number of neutral Lambda
+Lmu_negative_Pi=0;//Muon family number of negative Pion
+if (Lmu_negative_Xi==Lmu_neutral_Lambda+Lmu_negative_Pi)
+ printf('\n Muon family number is conserved')
+else
+ printf('\n Muon family number is not conserved')
+end
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//Part (b)
+i=1;//An indicator; i is set to zero if any of the conditions fail
+
+//It is stated in the textbook that charge is conserved as s->d. The steps followed in this code analyze individual charges of the quarks composing the positive kaon and the leptons produced by its decay.
+//Positive Kaon is made of two quarks- up and strange antiquark, See Table 33.4
+charge_u=+2/3;//Charge of u quark, See Table 33.3
+charge_s_anti=+1/3//Charge of s antiquark, See Table 33.3
+charge_positive_Kaon=charge_u+charge_s_anti;//Charge of positive Kaon
+charge_positive_Muon=+1;//Charge of positive Muon
+charge_Mu_Neutrino=0;//Charge of Muon Neutrino
+if (charge_positive_Kaon==charge_positive_Muon+charge_Mu_Neutrino)
+ printf('\n\nb.Charge is conserved')
+else
+ printf('\n\nb.Charge is not conserved')
+ i=0;
+end
+
+B_positive_Kaon=0;//Baryon number of positive Kaon
+B_positive_Muon=0;//Baryon number of positive Muon
+B_Mu_Neutrino=0;//Baryon number of Muon Neutrino
+if (B_positive_Kaon==B_positive_Muon+B_Mu_Neutrino)
+ printf('\n Baryon number is conserved')
+else
+ printf('\n Baryon number is not conserved')
+ i=0;
+end
+
+m_positive_Kaon=493.7;//Rest mass of positive Kaon (MeV/c^2)
+m_positive_Muon=105.7;//Rest mass of positive Muon (MeV/c^2)
+m_Mu_Neutrino=0;//Rest mass Muon Neutrino (MeV/c^2)
+//Decay can be spontaneous if positive Kaon has greater mass than the products of decay
+if (m_positive_Kaon>(m_positive_Muon+m_Mu_Neutrino))
+ printf('\n Mass-energy is conserved')
+else
+ printf('\n Mass-energy is not conserved')
+ i=0;
+end
+
+S_positive_Kaon=+1;//Strangeness of positive Kaon
+S_positive_Muon=0;//Strangeness of positive Muon
+S_Mu_Neutrino=0;//Strangeness of Muon Neutrino
+if abs((S_positive_Muon+S_Mu_Neutrino)-S_positive_Kaon)<=1
+ printf('\n Strangeness is conserved')
+else
+ printf('\n Strangeness is not conserved')
+ i=0;
+end
+
+printf('\n Lepton numbers:')
+Le_positive_Kaon=0;//Electron family number of positive Kaon
+Le_positive_Muon=0;//Electron family number of positive Muon
+Le_Mu_Neutrino=0;//Electron family number of Muon Neutrino
+if (Le_positive_Kaon==Le_positive_Muon+Le_Mu_Neutrino)
+ printf('\n Electron family number is conserved')
+else
+ printf('\n Electron family number is not conserved')
+ i=0;
+end
+
+Ltau_positive_Kaon=0;//Tau family number of positive Kaon
+Ltau_positive_Muon=0;//Tau family number of positive Muon
+Ltau_Mu_Neutrino=0;//Tau family number of Muon Neutrino
+if (Ltau_positive_Kaon==Ltau_positive_Muon+Ltau_Mu_Neutrino)
+ printf('\n Tau family number is conserved')
+else
+ printf('\n Tau family number is not conserved')
+ i=0;
+end
+
+Lmu_positive_Kaon=0;//Muon family number of positive Kaon
+Lmu_positive_Muon=-1;//Muon family number of positive Muon
+Lmu_Mu_Neutrino=+1;//Muon family number of Muon Neutrino
+if (Lmu_positive_Kaon==Lmu_positive_Muon+Lmu_Mu_Neutrino)
+ printf('\n Muon family number is conserved')
+else
+ printf('\n Muon family number is not conserved')
+ i=0;
+end
+
+
+if i==1
+ printf('\n\n The decay is allowed')
+else
+ printf('\n\n The decay is not allowed')
+end
+//Some of the solution steps are not given in the textbook; the steps mentioned here may need to be check for theoretical correctness
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH33/EX33.4/Ex33_4.sce b/3845/CH33/EX33.4/Ex33_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..69f6ee46b --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH33/EX33.4/Ex33_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +//Example 33.4
+//Quark composition for neutral Xi is uss
+u_charge=+2/3;//Charge for u quark, See Table 33.3
+s_charge=-1/3;//Charge for s quark, See Table 33.3
+total_charge=u_charge+s_charge+s_charge;
+printf('Total charge = %d (q_e)',total_charge)
+if total_charge==0//Charge=0 for neutral Xi, from Table 33.2
+ printf(', (It is consistent with the value found in Table 33.2)')
+else
+ printf(', (It is not consistent with the value found in Table 33.2)')
+end
+
+u_baryon=+1/3;//Baryon number for u quark, See Table 33.3
+s_baryon=+1/3;//Baryon number for s quark, See Table 33.3
+baryon_number=u_baryon+s_baryon+s_baryon;
+printf('\nBaryon number = %d',baryon_number)
+if baryon_number==1//Baryon Number=1 for neutral Xi, from Table 33.2
+ printf(' (It is consistent with the value found in Table 33.2)')
+else
+ printf(' (It is not consistent with the value found in Table 33.2)')
+end
+
+u_strangeness=0;//Strangeness for u quark, See Table 33.3
+s_strangeness=-1;//Strangeness for s quark, See Table 33.3
+strangeness=u_strangeness+s_strangeness+s_strangeness;
+printf('\nStrangeness = %d',strangeness)
+if strangeness==-2//Strangeness=-2 for neutral Xi, from Table 33.2
+ printf(' (It is consistent with the value found in Table 33.2)')
+else
+ printf(' (It is not consistent with the value found in Table 33.2)')
+end
+
+u_charm=0;//Charm for u quark, See Table 33.3
+s_charm=0;//Charm for s quark, See Table 33.3
+charm=u_charm+s_charm+s_charm;
+printf('\nCharm = %d',charm)
+
+u_topness=0;//Topness for u quark, See Table 33.3
+s_topness=0;//Topness for s quark, See Table 33.3
+topness=u_topness+s_topness+s_topness;
+printf('\nTopness = %d',topness)
+
+u_bottomness=0;//Bottomness for u quark, See Table 33.3
+s_bottomness=0;//Bottomness for s quark, See Table 33.3
+bottomness=u_bottomness+s_bottomness+s_bottomness;
+printf('\nBottomness = %d',bottomness)
+
+lepton_family_numbers=0;//It is not a lepton, See Table 33.2
+printf('\nLepton family numbers (electron,muon and tau) = %d (It is not a lepton)',lepton_family_numbers)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce b/3845/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c68149d22 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 4.1
+F_net=51;//Net external force (N)
+m=24;//Mass of the mower (kg)
+a=F_net/m;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('Acceleration = %0.1f m/s^2',a)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce b/3845/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..47dc7d4ef --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 4.10
+delta_v=8;//Velocity change (m/s)
+delta_t=2.5;//Time period (s)
+a=delta_v/delta_t;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('a.Average acceleration = %0.2f m/s^2',a)
+m=70;//Player's mass (kg)
+F_net=m*a;//Force exerted (N)
+printf('\nb.Average force exerted backward on the ground = %0.1f N',F_net)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce b/3845/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3539dfc4b --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 4.2
+m=2100;//Mass of the system (kg)
+a=49;//Initial acceleration (m/s^2)
+f=650;//Frictional force (N)
+T=(m*a+f)/4;//Thrust exerted by each rocket (N), See Equation 4.14
+//There are 4 rockets. Net horizontal force F_net=m*a (N)
+printf('Individual thrust exerted by each rocket = %0.1e N',T)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce b/3845/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..926399fb9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 4.3
+F_floor=150;//Backward force exerted (N)
+f=24;//Net opposing force (N)
+m=65+12+7;//Total mass of System 1, mass of professor+mass of cart+mass of equipment, (kg)
+F_net=F_floor-f;//Net force (N)
+a=F_net/m;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('Acceleration = %0.1f m/s^2',a)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce b/3845/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7c39012f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 4.4
+//Also see Example 4.3
+m=12+7;//Total mass of System 2, mass of cart+mass of equipment, (kg)
+a=1.5;//Acceleration (m/s^2), See Example 4.3
+F_net=m*a;//Net external force (N)
+f=24;//Net opposing force (N)
+F_prof=F_net+f;//Force exerted by the professor on the cart (N)
+printf('Force exerted by the professor on the cart = %0.1f N',F_prof)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH4/EX4.5/Ex4_5.sce b/3845/CH4/EX4.5/Ex4_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7cfbc4953 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH4/EX4.5/Ex4_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 4.5
+m=60;//Mass of the skier and equipment (kg)
+theta=25;//Angle of inclination (deg)
+g=9.8;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+F_net_p=m*g*sind(theta);//Net force parallel to the slope (N)
+a_p=F_net_p/m;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('a.Acceleration (disregarding friction) = %0.2f m/s^2', a_p)
+f=45;//Frictional force (N)
+F_net_p_b=m*g*sind(theta)-f;//Net force parallel to the slope considering friction (N)
+a_p_b=F_net_p_b/m;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('\nb.Acceleration (considering friction) = %0.2f m/s^2', a_p_b)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH4/EX4.6/Ex4_6.sce b/3845/CH4/EX4.6/Ex4_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..781bdaa3c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH4/EX4.6/Ex4_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 4.6
+m=70;//Mass of the tightrope walker (kg)
+theta=5;//Angle (deg)
+g=9.8;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+w=m*g;//Weight of the tightrope walker (N)
+T=w/(2*sind(theta));//Tension (N), See Equation 4.52
+//See textbook for derivation
+printf('Tension in the wire = %0.1f N',T)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce b/3845/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4aef6a974 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Example 4.7
+Fx=2.7*10^5;//Force exerted in the x-direction (N)
+Fy=3.6*10^5;//Force exerted in the y-direction (N)
+m=5*10^6;//Mass of the barge (kg)
+a=7.5*10^-2;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+theta=53.1;//Angle (deg)
+F_app=sqrt(Fx^2+Fy^2);//Resultant applied force (N)
+theta=atand(Fy/Fx);//Direction of resultant applied force (deg)
+F_net=m*a;//Net external force (N)
+F_D=F_app-F_net;//Drag force (N)
+printf('Drag force exerted by water = %0.1e N',F_D)
+printf('\nDirection of the drag force is opposite to that of the applied force.')
+//Direction of drag force, theta_F_D=53 deg south of west
+//also it may be noted that if theta_F_D is to be measured from the same reference axis as theta
+//theta_F_D=theta+180;
+//if theta_F_D>360
+// theta_F_D=theta_F_D-360;
+//end
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce b/3845/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5fd91c1ff --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Example 4.8
+m=15;//Mass of traffic light (kg)
+g=9.8;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+w=m*g;//Weight of traffic light (N)
+theta1=30;//Angle for wire 1 (deg)
+theta2=45;//Angle for wire 2 (deg)
+T1=w/(sind(theta1)+[cosd(theta1)/cosd(theta2)]*sind(45));//Tension in wire 1 (N), Substitute Equation 4.69 in Equation 4.73
+//See textbook for derivation
+printf('Tension in wire 1 = %0.1f N',T1)
+T2=[cosd(theta1)/cosd(theta2)]*T1;//Tension in wire 2 (N), See Equation 4.69
+printf('\nTension in wire 2 = %0.1f N',T2)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH4/EX4.9/Ex4_9.sce b/3845/CH4/EX4.9/Ex4_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2763fbf28 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH4/EX4.9/Ex4_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 4.9
+m=75;//Mass of the man (kg)
+g=9.8;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+a=1.20;//Upward acceleration of the elevator (m/s^2)
+F_s=m*a+m*g;//Force as measured by the scale (N)
+printf('a.Force as measured by the scale when the elevator is accelerating upwards = %0.1f N',F_s)
+//Discussion
+F_s1=m*g;//Force as measured by the scale when stationary (N)
+printf('\nDiscussion:\nForce as measured by the scale when stationary = %0.1f N',F_s1)
+F_s_b=m*g;//Force as measured by the scale when moving with constant upward velocity (N)
+printf('\nb.Force as measured by the scale when moving with constant upward velocity = %0.1f N',F_s_b)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.sce b/3845/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..118dad443 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH5/EX5.1/Ex5_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 5.1
+f_k=45;//Friction (N)
+m=62;//Mass of skier (kg)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+theta=25;//Inclination of slope (deg)
+N=m*g*cosd(theta);//Normal force perpendicular to slope (N)
+mu_k=f_k/N;//Coefficient of kinetic friction
+printf('Coefficient of kinetic friction = %0.3f',mu_k)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.sce b/3845/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b97ae9856 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH5/EX5.2/Ex5_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 5.2
+m=85;//Mass of skydiver (kg)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+rho=1.21;//Density of air (kg/m^3)
+C=1;//Coefficient of drag
+A=2*0.35;//Projected area (m^2)
+v_t=sqrt(2*m*g/(rho*C*A));//Terminal velocity (m/s)
+printf('Terminal velocity = %0.1f m/s',v_t)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce b/3845/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4b720ac7b --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH5/EX5.3/Ex5_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 5.3
+F=3.0*10^6;//Maximum tension (N)
+L_0=3020;//Original length considered (m)
+Y=210*10^9;//Young's modulus (N/m^2)
+d=5.6*10^-2;//Diameter of cable (m)
+A=%pi*(d^2)/4;//Cross-sectional area of cable (m^2)
+delta_L=F*L_0/(Y*A);//Change in length (m)
+printf('Change in length = %0.2f m',delta_L)
+//An error of more than 2% with the answer in textbook for delta_L, but the answer can be rounded off to 18m
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce b/3845/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b9aa3eb15 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH5/EX5.4/Ex5_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 5.4
+m=62;//Mass supported (kg)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+F=m*g;//Weight supported (N)
+L_0=0.400;//Original length (m)
+Y=9*10^9;//Young's modulus (N/m^2)
+r=2*10^-2;//Bone radius (m)
+A=%pi*(r^2);//Cross-sectional area of bone (m^2)
+delta_L=F*L_0/(Y*A);//Change in length (m)
+printf('Change in length = %0.0e m',delta_L)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce b/3845/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..36949f4b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH5/EX5.5/Ex5_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 5.5
+S=80*10^9;//Shear modulus (N/m^2), See Table 5.3
+r=0.750*10^-3;//Radius of nail (m)
+A=%pi*r^2;//Cross-sectional area of nail (m^2)
+delta_x=1.8*10^-6;//Amount of flex (m)
+L_0=5*10^-3;//Original length (m)
+F=S*A*delta_x/L_0;//Weigth of the picture (N)
+m=F/g;//Picture's mass (kg)
+printf('Mass of the picture = %0.1f kg',m)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.sce b/3845/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8aa6e3129 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH5/EX5.6/Ex5_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 5.6
+F_by_A=5.00*10^7;//Force per unit area at 5km depth (N/m^2)
+B=2.2*10^9;//Bulk modulus (N/m^2), See Table 5.3
+v=(F_by_A)/B;//Fractional decrease in volume
+printf('Fractional decrease in volume (in percentage) = %0.1f%%',v*100)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce b/3845/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4a5427f9d --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 6.1
+v=15;//Velocity (m/s)
+r=0.300;//Radius (m)
+omega=v/r;//Angular velocity (rad/s)
+printf('Angular Velocity = %0.1f rad/s',omega)
+
+//Discussion:
+r1=1.2;//Tire radius for earth mover (m)
+omega1=v/r1;//Angular velocity (rad/s)
+printf('\nDiscussion: For earth mover\nAngular Velocity = %0.1f rad/s',omega1)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce b/3845/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e9e7fd3e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 6.2
+v=25;//Speed (m/s)
+r=500;//Radius (m)
+a_c=v^2/r;//Centripetal acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('Centripetal acceleration = %0.2f m/s^2',a_c)
+
+//Discussion:
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+printf('\nDiscussion:\nComparing with acceleration due to gravity, centripetal acceleration a_c = %0.3f g',a_c/g)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce b/3845/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..25dd791b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 6.3
+omega=7.50*10^4;//Angular velocity (rev/min)
+omega=omega*2*%pi/60;//Angular velocity (rad/s)
+r=7.50*10^-2;//Radial distance of point from the axis (m)
+a_c=r*omega^2;//Centripetal acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('Centripetal acceleration = %0.2e m/s^2',a_c)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+printf('\na_c/g = %0.2e',a_c/g)//Ratio of centripetal acceleration to acceleration due to gravity
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce b/3845/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..820cd7c9c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 6.4
+m=900;//Mass of car (kg)
+v=25;//Velocity (m/s)
+r=500;//Radius of curve (m)
+F_c=m*v^2/r;//Centripetal force (N)
+printf('a.Centripetal force = %0.1f N',F_c)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+mu_s=v^2/(r*g);//Coefficient of static friction
+printf('\nb.Coefficient of static friction = %0.2f',mu_s)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce b/3845/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5cfba6534 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 6.5
+theta=65;//Angle of bank (deg)
+r=100;//Radius of curve (m)
+g=9.80//Accleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+v=sqrt(r*g*tand(theta));//Speed (m/s)
+printf('Speed to be driven at = %0.1f m/s',v)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce b/3845/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a8945ae57 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 6.6
+G=6.67*10^-11;//Universal gravitational constant (N.m^2/kg^2)
+M=5.98*10^24;//Mass of the Earth (kg)
+r=3.84*10^8;//Radius of Moon's orbit (m)
+g=G*M/r^2;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+printf('a.Acceleration due to Earth''s gravity at the distance of the moon = %0.2e m/s^2',g)
+delta_theta=2*%pi;//One complete rotation of Moon's orbit (rad)
+delta_t=27.3*(1*24*60*60);//Period to make one complete rotation of Moon's orbit = 27.3 days,converted to seconds
+omega=delta_theta/delta_t;//Angular velocity (rad/s)
+a_c=r*omega^2;//Centripetal acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('\nb.Centripetal acceleration = %0.2e m/s^2',a_c)
+printf('\nDiscussion: Centripetal acceleration found in (b.) differs from acceleration due to Earth''s gravity found in (a.) \nby %0.2f%%',(a_c-g)/g*100)
+//Discussion : In agreement with answer in textbook; less than 1%
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce b/3845/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..61ceb81fa --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 6.7
+r1=3.84*10^8;//Average distance of the Moon from the Earth's center (m)
+h=1500;//Average distance of the artificial satellite from the Earth's surface (km)
+r=6380;//Radius of the Earth (km)
+r2=(h+r)*10^3;//Average distance of an artificial satellite from the Earth's center (m)
+T1=27.3;//Period of the Moon's orbit (days)
+T1=27.3*24;//Period of the Moon's orbit (h)
+T2=T1*(r2/r1)^(3/2);//Period of the artificial satellite's orbit (h)
+printf('Period of the artificial satellite''s orbit = %0.2f h',T2)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.sce b/3845/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..83a644bfe --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 7.1
+F=75;//Force (N)
+d=25;//Horizontal distance traversed (m)
+theta=35;//Angle (deg)
+W=F*d*cosd(theta);//Work (J)
+W1=W/4184;//Work (kcal)
+printf('Work done = %0.2e J or %0.3f kcal',W,W1)
+ratio=W1/2400;//Ratio of work done to the daily consumption
+printf('\nRatio of work done to the daily consumption = %0.2e',ratio)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.sce b/3845/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..91d5cc871 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 7.10
+m=65;//Mass of player (kg)
+v_i=6;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+f=450;//Force of friction (N)
+theta=5;//Angle of incline (deg)
+d=(1/2*m*v_i^2)/(f+m*g*sind(theta));//Distance slid (m)
+printf('Distance slid = %0.2f m',d)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH7/EX7.11/Ex7_11.sce b/3845/CH7/EX7.11/Ex7_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d2e358987 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH7/EX7.11/Ex7_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 7.11
+m=60;//Mass of the woman (kg)
+v_f=2;//Final speed (m/s)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+h=3;//Height (m)
+t=3.50;//Time taken (s)
+P=[(1/2*m*v_f^2)+(m*g*h)]/t;//Power (W)
+printf('Power output = %0.1f W',P)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH7/EX7.12/Ex7_12.sce b/3845/CH7/EX7.12/Ex7_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..70445addf --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH7/EX7.12/Ex7_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 7.12
+P=0.200;//Power rating (kW)
+t=6*30;//Duration of use; 6hours per day*30days (h)
+E=P*t;//Energy consumed (kWh)
+cost=E*0.120;//Cost per month, if cost of electricity is $0.120/kWh
+printf('Cost of running the computer for the given duration = $%0.2f per month',cost)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH7/EX7.13/Ex7_13.sce b/3845/CH7/EX7.13/Ex7_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d9b5906c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH7/EX7.13/Ex7_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 7.13
+Energy=1000;//Energy (kJ)
+E_by_time=400;//Rate of energy consumption (W)
+Time=Energy*10^3/E_by_time;//Time (s)
+printf('Duration of bicycling required per day = %0.1f min',Time/60)
+//Discussion
+Fat_loss=Energy*1/39;//Fat loss if energy content of fat is assumed to be 39kJ/g (g)
+printf('\nDiscussion:\nFat loss = %0.1f g',Fat_loss)
+//Answers vary due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce b/3845/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b435b3a7d --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 7.2
+m=30;//Mass (kg)
+v=0.500;//Speed (m/s)
+KE=(1/2)*m*v^2;//Kinetic energy (J)
+printf('Kinetic energy = %0.2f J',KE)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH7/EX7.3/Ex7_3.sce b/3845/CH7/EX7.3/Ex7_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e38dbe743 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH7/EX7.3/Ex7_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 7.3
+F_app=120;//Applied force (N)
+F_fr=5;//Opposing friction force(N)
+d=0.800;//Distance traversed (m)
+F_net=F_app-F_fr;//Net force (N)
+W_net=F_net*d;//Net work (J)
+printf('a.Net work done on the package = %0.1f J',W_net)
+W_app=F_app*d*cosd(0);//Work done due to applied force in direction of displacement (J)
+W_fr=F_fr*d*cosd(180);//Work done due to friction force acting in a direction opposite to that of displacement (J)
+W_gr=0;//Work done by gravity is zero as force due to gravity acts perpendicular to displacement, cosd(270)=0, (J)
+W_N=0;//Work done by the normal force is zero as it acts perpendicular to displacement, cosd(90)=0, (J)
+W_total=W_gr+W_N+W_app+W_fr;//Total work done (J)
+printf('\nb.Total work done as sum of work done by each force = %0.1f J',W_total)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce b/3845/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5a4983483 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 7.4
+W_net=92;//Net work done on the package (J), See Example 7.3
+v_0=0.5;//Initial speed (m/s), See Example 7.2
+m=30;//Mass (kg), See Example 7.2
+v=sqrt((W_net+1/2*m*v_0^2)*2/m);//Final speed, by rearranging Equation 7.22, (m/s)
+printf('Final Speed = %0.2f m/s',v)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.sce b/3845/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..da7f24db3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 7.5
+f=5;//Friction force (N), See Example 7.3
+initial_KE=3.75;//Initial kinetic energy (J), See Example 7.2
+W_net=92;//Net work done on the package (J), See Example 7.3
+//This is equal to the energy acquired due to the pushing
+W_fr=-(initial_KE+W_net);//Work by friction (J)
+theta=180;//Direction of friction force (opposite to displacement)(deg)
+d_prime=W_fr/(f*cosd(theta))
+printf('Distance to stop = %0.1f m',d_prime)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.sce b/3845/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d57480e79 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 7.6
+m=60;//Mass of the person (kg)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+h=3;//Height (m)
+theta=180;//Angle (deg)
+d=0.5*10^-2;//Magnitude of compression in knee joint (m)
+W=m*g*(-h);//Work done in stopping the person (J)
+F=W/(d*cosd(theta));//Force on the knee joints (N)
+printf('Force on the knee joints = %0.2e N',F)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.sce b/3845/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4cdf08a5b --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 7.7
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+h=20;//Magnitude of height (m)
+v_a=sqrt(2*g*h);//Final speed (m/s)
+printf('a.Final speed = %0.1f m/s',v_a)
+v_0=5;//Initial speed (m/s)
+v_b=sqrt(2*g*h +v_0^2);//Final speed (m/s)
+printf('\nb.Final speed = %0.1f m/s',v_b)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce b/3845/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..77911d39e --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 7.8
+k=250;//Force constant of spring (N/m)
+m=0.100;//Mass of car (kg)
+x_i=0.0400;//Initial compression of the sping (m)
+v_f_a=sqrt(k/m)*x_i;//Final velocity (m/s)
+printf('a.Final speed (before the start of the slope) = %0.2f m/s',v_f_a)
+h_f=0.180;//Final height (m)
+v_f_b=sqrt((k*x_i^2/m)-(2*g*h_f));//Final velocity (m/s)
+printf('\nb.Final speed (at the top of the slope) = %0.3f m/s',v_f_b)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.sce b/3845/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c2df29633 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 7.9
+m=65;//Mass of player (kg)
+v_i=6;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+f=450;//Force of friction (N)
+d=m*v_i^2/(2*f);//Distance slid (m)
+printf('Distance slid = %0.2f m',d)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.sce b/3845/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f8a8fe679 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 8.1
+m=110;//Mass of football player (kg)
+v=8;//Speed (m/s)
+p_player=m*v;//Momentum (kg.m/s)
+printf('a.Momentum of the player = %0.1f kg.m/s',p_player)
+m_ball=0.410;//Mass of the ball (kg)
+v_ball=25;//Velocity of ball (m/s)
+p_ball=m_ball*v_ball;//Momentum of ball (kg.m/s)
+printf('\nb.Ratio of momentum of the player to that of the ball = %0.1f',p_player/p_ball)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce b/3845/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a324a1744 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Example 8.2
+m=0.057;//Mass of ball (kg)
+v_i=0;//Initial velocity (m/s)
+v_f=58;//Final velocity (m/s)
+delta_p=m*(v_f-v_i);//Change in momentum (kg.m/s)
+delta_t=5*10^-3;//Duration of contact of ball with racquet (s)
+F_net=delta_p/delta_t;//Net external force (N)
+printf('Average force exerted on the ball by the racquet = %0.1f N',F_net)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce b/3845/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d93ee4a53 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 8.3
+printf('a.Solution is beyond the scope of numerical computation');
+//For (b), the ratio of magnitudes of impulse imparted to the balls = (2*m*u)/(2*m*u*cosd(30))
+theta=30;//Angle (deg)
+r=1/cosd(theta);
+printf('\nb.Ratio of magnitude of impulse exerted on first ball to that on second ball = %0.3f',r)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce b/3845/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7763c7eb7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Example 8.4
+m1=0.500;//Mass of object 1 (kg)
+m2=3.50;//Mass of object 2 (kg)
+v1=4.00;//Initial velocity of object 1 (m/s)
+v2=0;//Initial velocity of object 2 (m/s)
+//Using equations of conservation of momentum and conservation of internal kinetic energy, we can derive a quadratic equation with v1_final as the variable
+//(1/2*m1+1/2*m1^2/m2)v1_final^2-(m1^2/m2*v1)v1_final-(1/2*m1*v1^2-1/2*m1^2/m2*v1^2)
+
+p=[(1/2*m1+1/2*m1^2/m2) -(m1^2/m2*v1) -(1/2*m1*v1^2-1/2*m1^2/m2*v1^2)];//Coefficients of above polynomial
+
+r=roots(p);//Finding the roots of the equation
+if r(1,1)==v1 then
+ v1_final=r(2,1);
+else
+ v1_final=r(1,1);
+end//Assigning a meaningful value to final velocity of object 1 (m/s)
+v2_final=m1/m2*(v1-v1_final);//Final value of object 2 from momentum equation (m/s)
+
+printf('Final velocity of object 1 = %0.2f m/s',v1_final)
+printf('\nFinal velocity of object 2 = %0.2f m/s',v2_final)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.sce b/3845/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..333558b50 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 8.5
+m1=0.150;//Mass of puck (kg)
+m2=70.0;//Mass of goalie (kg)
+v1=35.0;//Initial velocity of puck (m/s)
+v=(m1*v1)/(m1+m2);//Final velocity from conservation of momentum (m/s)
+printf('a.Recoil velocity = %0.2e m/s',v)
+KE_int1=1/2*m1*v1^2;//Internal kinetic energy before collision (J)
+KE_int2=1/2*(m1+m2)*v^2;//Internal kinetic energy after collision (J)
+delta_KE=KE_int2-KE_int1;//Change in internal kinetic energy (J)
+printf('\nb.Change in internal kinetic energy = %0.1f J',delta_KE)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce b/3845/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..59aafc402 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 8.6
+m1=0.350;//Mass of cart 1 and spring (kg)
+m2=0.500;//Mass of cart 2 (kg)
+v1=2.00;//Initial velocity of cart 1 (m/s)
+v2=-0.500;//Initial velocity of cart 2 (m/s)
+v1_final=-4.00;//Final velocity of cart 1 (m/s)
+v2_final=(m1*v1+m2*v2-m1*v1_final)/m2;//Final velocity of cart 2 (m/s)
+printf('a.Final velocity of cart 2 = %0.2f m/s',v2_final)
+KE_int1=(1/2*m1*v1^2)+(1/2*m2*v2^2);//Internal kinetic energy before collision (J)
+KE_int2=(1/2*m1*v1_final^2)+(1/2*m2*v2_final^2);//Internal kinetic energy after collision (J)
+delta_KE=KE_int2-KE_int1;//Change in internal kinetic energy (J)
+printf('\nb.Energy released by the spring = %0.2f J',delta_KE)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
+
diff --git a/3845/CH8/EX8.7/Ex8_7.sce b/3845/CH8/EX8.7/Ex8_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..12d35b0ed --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH8/EX8.7/Ex8_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Example 8.7
+m1=0.250;//Mass of object 1 (kg)
+m2=0.400;//Mass of object 2 (kg)
+v1=2.00;//Initial speed of object 1 (m/s)
+v1_final=1.50;//Final speed of object 1 (m/s)
+theta1=45;//Angle of emergence (deg)
+theta2=atand((v1_final*sind(theta1))/(v1_final*cosd(theta1)-v1));//Direction of velocity of object 2 (deg)
+printf('Direction of velocity of object 2 after collision = %0.1f deg\n',theta2)
+if theta2<0
+ printf('\t\t\t\t\t\t or %0.1f deg',360+theta2)
+end
+v2_final=-(m1/m2)*v1_final*(sind(theta1)/sind(theta2));
+printf('\nMagnitude of velocity of object 2 after collision = %0.3f m/s',v2_final)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH8/EX8.8/Ex8_8.sce b/3845/CH8/EX8.8/Ex8_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..862ca6bfb --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH8/EX8.8/Ex8_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 8.8
+m=2.80*10^6;//Mass at liftoff (kg)
+delta_m_by_delta_t=1.40*10^4;//Fuel-burn rate (kg/s)
+v_e=2.40*10^3;//Exhaust velocity (m/s)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+a=v_e*(delta_m_by_delta_t)/m-g;//Acceleration (m/s^2)
+printf('Initial acceleration = %0.2f m/s^2',a)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.sce b/3845/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..240c10aa4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH9/EX9.1/Ex9_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Example 9.1
+m1=26.0;//Mass of 1st child (kg)
+m2=32.0;//Mass of 2nd child (kg)
+r1=1.60;//Distance of 1st child from pivot (m)
+r_p=0;//Distance of supporting force of pivot from pivot (m)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+theta=90;//Angle (deg)
+//Torque tau=r*(m*g)*sind(theta)
+//Torque due to supporting force of pivot is zero as r_p=0
+//For equilibrium,sum of torques must equal zero
+r2=(r1*m1*g*sind(theta))/(m2*g*sind(theta));//Distance of 2nd child from pivot (m)
+printf('a.Distance of 2nd child from pivot = %0.2f m',r2)
+F_p=(m1*g)+(m2*g);//Supporting force of pivot (N)
+printf('\nb.Supporting force of pivot = %0.1f N',F_p)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce b/3845/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b10e31d4c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 9.2
+theta=90;//Angle (deg)
+r_r=0.900;//Distance of right hand from left hand (m)
+r_cg=0.600;//Distance of CG from left hand (m)
+m=5.00;//Mass of the pole (kg)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+F_R=(r_cg*m*g*sind(theta))/(r_r*sind(theta));//Force exerted by right hand (N)
+printf('a.Force exerted by right hand = %0.1f N',F_R)
+F_L=m*g-F_R;//Force exerted by left hand (N)
+printf('\nb.Force exerted by left hand = %0.1f N',F_L)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.sce b/3845/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..24e62220c --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 9.3
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+F_o=45*g;//Combined weight of wheelbarrow and load, m*g, (N)
+l_o=7.50*10^-2;//Output lever arm (m)
+l_i=1.02;//Input lever arm (m)
+F_i=F_o*l_o/l_i;//Force to be exerted (N)
+printf('a.Upward force to be exerted = %0.1f N',F_i)
+N=F_o-F_i;//Normal force (N)
+printf('\nb.Force exerted on the ground by the wheelbarrow = %0.1f N',N)
+//Discussion
+MA=l_i/l_o;//Mechanical advantage
+printf('\nDiscussion : \nMechanical advantage = %0.1f',MA)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.sce b/3845/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..922ae5d39 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Example 9.4
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
+w_a=2.50*g;//Weight of forearm, m*g, (N)
+w_b=4.00*g;//Weight of load, m*g, (N)
+r1=4*10^-2;//Distance of force exerted by biceps from elbow (m)
+r2=16*10^-2;//Distance of CG of forearm from elbow (m)
+r3=38*10^-2;//Distance of load from elbow (m)
+F_B=(r2*w_a+r3*w_b)/r1;//Force exerted by biceps (N)
+printf('Force exerted by biceps = %0.1f N',F_B)
+ratio=F_B/(w_a+w_b);
+printf('\nRatio of force exerted by biceps to the total weight = %0.2f',ratio)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce b/3845/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..39bd41f51 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Example 9.5
+m_ub=55.0;//Mass of upper body (kg)
+m_box=30.0;//Mass of box (kg)
+r_ub=35*10^-2;//Distance of CG of upper body from pivot (m)
+r_box=50*10^-2;//Distance of CG of box from pivot (m)
+r_B=8*10^-2;//Distance of force F_B from pivot (m)
+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s)
+F_B=((r_ub*m_ub*g)+(r_box*m_box*g))/r_B;//Force in the back muscles (N)
+printf('a.Force in the back muscles = %0.2e N',F_B)
+ratio=F_B/(m_ub*g+m_box*g);
+printf('\nRatio of the force in the back muscles to the weight of the upper body plus the load = %0.2f',ratio)
+/////////////////////////////////////
+theta=29;//Direction of F_B (deg)
+F_Vy=(m_ub*g)+(m_box*g)+F_B*sind(theta);//Vertical component of force on vertebrae (N)
+F_Vx=F_B*cosd(theta);//Horizontal component of force on vertebrae (N)
+F_V=sqrt(F_Vx^2+F_Vy^2);//Force on vertebrae (N)
+printf('\nb.Force exerted by vertebrae = %0.2e N',F_V)
+THETA=atand(F_Vy/F_Vx);//Direction of F_V (deg)
+printf('\nDirection of force exerted by vertebrae = %0.1f deg',THETA)
+ratio1=F_V/(m_ub*g+m_box*g);
+printf('\nRatio of the force exerted by the vertebrae to the weight of the upper body plus the load = %0.2f',ratio1)
+//Openstax - College Physics
+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest
diff --git a/3845/DEPENDENCIES/Compute_Angle.sci b/3845/DEPENDENCIES/Compute_Angle.sci new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4af14ac15 --- /dev/null +++ b/3845/DEPENDENCIES/Compute_Angle.sci @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//To compute the angle (direction) in degrees measured anti-clockwise from the positive x-axis about the origin to a point, when the cartesian coordinates (x,y) of a point are known
+function [theta]=Compute_Angle(x,y)
+ if x==0&y==0
+ theta=atand(y/x);
+ elseif x==0&y>0
+ theta=90;
+ elseif x==0&y<0
+ theta=270;
+ elseif x>0&y>=0
+ theta=atand(y/x);
+ elseif x<0&y>=0
+ theta=180-atand(abs(y/x));
+ elseif x<0&y<0
+ theta=270-atand(abs(y/x));
+ elseif x>0&y<0
+ theta=360-atand(abs(y/x));
+end
+endfunction
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