diff options
Diffstat (limited to '3802/CH7')
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.jpg | bin | 0 -> 23103 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.sce | 31 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.jpg | bin | 0 -> 25114 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.sce | 27 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.jpg | bin | 0 -> 15320 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce | 26 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.3/EX7_3.jpg | bin | 0 -> 19007 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.3/Ex7_3.sce | 42 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.jpg | bin | 0 -> 42705 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce | 46 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.jpg | bin | 0 -> 18023 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.sce | 38 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.jpg | bin | 0 -> 12010 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.sce | 24 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.jpg | bin | 0 -> 53522 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.sce | 44 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.jpg | bin | 0 -> 30156 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce | 35 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.jpg | bin | 0 -> 26590 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3802/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.sce | 32 |
20 files changed, 345 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.jpg b/3802/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 000000000..7734d0b8c --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.jpg diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.sce b/3802/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fce88fcfd --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.1/Ex7_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//Book Name:Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering
+//Author:Rajendra Prasad
+//Publisher: PHI Learning Private Limited
+//Edition:Third ,2014
+
+//Ex7_1.sce.
+
+clc;
+clear;
+p=175e3; //power rating of transformer in KVA
+Ep=6600; //primary voltage in volts
+Es=440; //secondary voltage in volts
+f=50;
+Ns=100; //Number of secondary turns
+
+//(a)
+printf("\n (a)")
+Ip=p/Ep;
+Is=p/Es;
+printf("\n Full load primary current=%2.2f A ",Ip)
+printf("\n Full load secondary current=%3.2f A \n",Is)
+
+//(b)
+printf("\n (b)")
+Np=Ns*Ep/Es;
+printf("\n Number of primary turns=%d \n",Np)
+
+//(c)
+printf("\n (c)")
+max_flux=Es/(4.44*f*Ns);
+printf("\n The maximum value of flux=%1.5f Wb \n",max_flux)
diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.jpg b/3802/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 000000000..2f098e955 --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.jpg diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.sce b/3802/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0962ef68f --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.10/Ex7_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Book Name:Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering
+//Author:Rajendra Prasad
+//Publisher: PHI Learning Private Limited
+//Edition:Third ,2014
+
+//Ex7_10.sce.
+
+clc;
+clear;
+Ip=1000; //primary current in A
+Is=5; //secodary current in A
+Tp=1; //number of Primary turns
+
+printf("\n (a)")
+nominal_ratio=Ip/Is;
+Ie=7; //loss component of current in A
+actual_ratio=nominal_ratio+(Ie/Is);
+epsilon_r=((nominal_ratio-actual_ratio)/actual_ratio)*100;
+printf("\n Ratio error when turns ratio equal to nominal ratio=%1.3f percentage \n",epsilon_r)
+
+printf("\n (b)")
+reducing_value=0.5/100;
+Ts=nominal_ratio-(reducing_value*nominal_ratio);
+n=Ts/Tp; //transformer turns ratio
+actual_ratio=n+(Ie/Is);
+epsilon_r=((nominal_ratio-actual_ratio)/actual_ratio)*100;
+printf("\n Ratio error when secondary turns are reduced by 0.5 percentage=%1.1f percentage",epsilon_r)
diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.jpg b/3802/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 000000000..7f9c349de --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.jpg diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce b/3802/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..481ba6eb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.2/Ex7_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +//Book Name:Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering
+//Author:Rajendra Prasad
+//Publisher: PHI Learning Private Limited
+//Edition:Third ,2014
+
+//Ex7_2.sce.
+
+clc;
+clear;
+Np=1000; //number of Primary turns
+Ns=200; //number of secondary turns
+Io=3; //No load current in A
+cos_phi_not=0.2; //lagging
+Is=250; //secondary current in A
+cos_phi_s=0.8; //lagging
+
+Is_dash=Ns*Is/Np;
+phi_s=(acosd(0.8));
+phi_not=(acosd(0.2));
+Ip_cos_phi_p=(Is_dash*cos_phi_s)+(Io*cos_phi_not);
+Ip_sin_phi_p=(Is_dash*(sind(phi_s)))+(Io*(sind(phi_not)));
+Ip=sqrt((Ip_cos_phi_p)^2+(Ip_sin_phi_p)^2);
+printf("\n Primary current=%2.2f A\n",Ip)
+
+phi_p=atand((Ip_sin_phi_p)/(Ip_cos_phi_p));
+printf("\n Power factor=%1.3f lagging",cosd(phi_p))
diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.3/EX7_3.jpg b/3802/CH7/EX7.3/EX7_3.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 000000000..21bc3b91b --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.3/EX7_3.jpg diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.3/Ex7_3.sce b/3802/CH7/EX7.3/Ex7_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0216c8fd9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.3/Ex7_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +//Book Name:Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering
+//Author:Rajendra Prasad
+//Publisher: PHI Learning Private Limited
+//Edition:Third ,2014
+
+//Ex7_3.sce.
+
+clc;
+clear;
+T1=1000; //number of Primary turns
+T2=200; //number of secondary turns
+Is=250; //secodary load current in A
+I0=3; //No load current in A
+rp=0.72; //primary winding resistance in ohms
+rs=0.025; //secondary winding resistance in ohms
+xp=0.92; //primary winding leakage reactance in ohms
+xs=0.036; //secondary winding leakage reactance in ohms
+Vs=2.2e3; //supply voltage in volts
+
+N=T1/T2; //turns ratio of transformer
+Is_dash=Is/N;
+rs_dash=N^2*rs;
+xs_dash=N^2*xs;
+cos_pi_s=0.8;
+cos_pi_0=0.2;
+sin_pi_s=sind(acosd(0.8));
+sin_pi_0=sind(acosd(0.2));
+Isdash=(Is_dash*cos_pi_s)-%i*(Is_dash*sin_pi_s);
+Io=(I0*cos_pi_0)-%i*(I0*sin_pi_0);
+Ip=Isdash+Io;
+a=real(Ip);
+b=imag(Ip);
+Ip_mag=sqrt(a^2+b^2);
+printf("\n Primary Current=%2.2f A \n",Ip_mag)
+
+pi_p=atand(b/a);
+printf("\n Power factor=%1.3f lagging \n",cosd(pi_p))
+
+VL_dash=Vs-(Ip*(rp+%i*xp))-(Isdash*(rs_dash+%i*xs_dash)); //secondary terminal voltage referred to primary
+VL_dash_mag=real(VL_dash);
+VL=VL_dash_mag/N;
+printf("\n Secondary terminal voltage=%3.1f V \n",VL)
diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.jpg b/3802/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 000000000..c5dff35ae --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.jpg diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce b/3802/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..de9b6552d --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.4/Ex7_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +//Book Name:Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering
+//Author:Rajendra Prasad
+//Publisher: PHI Learning Private Limited
+//Edition:Third ,2014
+
+//Ex7_4.sce.
+
+clc;
+clear;
+P=75e3; //power rating of transformer in KVA
+Np=500; //number of Primary turns
+Ns=100; //number of secondary turns
+rp=0.4; //primary winding resistance in ohms
+rs=0.02; //secondary winding resistance in ohms
+xp=1.5; //primary winding leakage reactance in ohms
+xs=0.045; //secondary winding leakage reactance in ohms
+Vs=2200; //supply voltage in volts
+
+//case1
+printf("\n (a)")
+Re=rp+(Np/Ns)^2*rs; //Equivalent resistance in ohms
+Xe=xp+(Np/Ns)^2*xs; //Equivalent leakage reactance in ohms
+Ze=sqrt(Re^2+Xe^2);
+printf("\n Equivalent impedance referred to prinmary side=%1.3f ohms\n",Ze)
+
+//case2
+printf("\n (b).1")
+I1=P/Vs; //full load primary current in A
+cos_pi2=0.8;
+sin_pi2=sind(acosd(0.8));
+percentage_voltage_reg=((I1*((Re*cos_pi2)+(Xe*sin_pi2)))/Vs)*100;
+printf("\n Voltage regulation for 0.8 power factor lagging=%1.2f percentage \n",percentage_voltage_reg)
+NL_secondary_voltage=(Ns/Np)*Vs; //NL means "no load"
+del_V=(NL_secondary_voltage*percentage_voltage_reg)/100;
+FL_secondary_voltage=(NL_secondary_voltage)-(del_V);
+printf("\n Secodary terminal voltage at FL 0.8 power factor lagging=%3.3f V \n",FL_secondary_voltage)
+
+//case3
+printf("\n (b).2")
+percentage_voltage_reg=((I1*((Re*cos_pi2)-(Xe*sin_pi2)))/Vs)*100;
+printf("\n Voltage regulation for 0.8 power factor leading=%1.3f percentage \n",percentage_voltage_reg)
+del_V=(NL_secondary_voltage*percentage_voltage_reg)/100;
+FL_secondary_voltage=(NL_secondary_voltage)-(del_V);
+printf("\n Secodary terminal voltage at FL 0.8 power factor leading=%4.4f V \n",FL_secondary_voltage)
+//The anwser vary dueto roundoff error
+
diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.jpg b/3802/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 000000000..d09837ea3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.jpg diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.sce b/3802/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..029151346 --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.5/Ex7_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +//Book Name:Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering
+//Author:Rajendra Prasad
+//Publisher: PHI Learning Private Limited
+//Edition:Third ,2014
+
+//Ex7_5.sce.
+
+clc;
+clear;
+P=500e3; //KVA rating of the transformer
+Vp=6600; //primary voltage in V
+Vs=440; //secondary voltage in V
+rp=0.45; //primary winding resistance in ohms
+rs=0.0015; //secondary winding resistance in ohms
+iron_loss=2.9e3;
+pf=0.8; //power factor lagging
+
+//case1
+printf("\n (a)")
+Ip=P/Vp; //primary current in A
+Is=P/Vs; //secondary current in A
+Ip_square_rp=Ip^(2)*rp; //primary copper loss
+Is_square_rs=Is^(2)*rs; //secondary copper loss
+FL_copper_loss=Ip_square_rp+Is_square_rs; //FL means "full load"
+FL_total_loss=iron_loss+FL_copper_loss;
+FL_output_power=P*pf;
+FL_input_power=FL_output_power+FL_total_loss;
+FL_efficiency=(FL_output_power/FL_input_power)*100;
+printf("\n Full load efficiency=%2.2f percentage \n",FL_efficiency)
+
+//case2
+printf("\n (b)")
+HL_copper_loss=FL_copper_loss*(0.5^2); //HL means "half load"
+HL_total_loss=iron_loss+HL_copper_loss;
+HL_output_power=FL_output_power/2;
+HL_input_power=HL_output_power+HL_total_loss;
+HL_efficiency=(HL_output_power/HL_input_power)*100;
+printf("\n Half load efficiency=%2.4f percentage \n",HL_efficiency)
diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.jpg b/3802/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 000000000..9c5ac0e90 --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.jpg diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.sce b/3802/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..71032962c --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.6/Ex7_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Book Name:Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering
+//Author:Rajendra Prasad
+//Publisher: PHI Learning Private Limited
+//Edition:Third ,2014
+
+//Ex7_6.sce.
+
+clc;
+clear;
+//the given data are taken from previous example(Ex7_5)
+
+Vp=6600; //primary voltage in V
+Vs=440; //secondary voltage in V
+rp=0.45; //primary winding resistance in ohms
+rs=0.0015; //secondary winding resistance in ohms
+Wi=2.9e3; //iron loss in watt
+pf=0.8; //power factor lagging
+
+Re=rp+(Vp/Vs)^2*rs; //equivalent resistance referred to primary
+Ip=sqrt(Wi/Re);
+P_max=Vp*Ip*pf;
+total_loss=2*Wi;
+Max_efficiency=(P_max/(P_max+total_loss))*100;
+printf("\n Maximum Efficiency=%2.2f percentage \n",Max_efficiency)
diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.jpg b/3802/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 000000000..96b2ca359 --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.jpg diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.sce b/3802/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7b7c06762 --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.7/Ex7_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +//Book Name:Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering
+//Author:Rajendra Prasad
+//Publisher: PHI Learning Private Limited
+//Edition:Third ,2014
+
+//Ex7_7.sce
+clc;
+clear;
+KVA=50e3;
+
+printf("\n (a)")
+PF=0.7;
+iron_loss=430; //primary power of transformer on open circuit test in watt is called iron loss
+copper_loss_FL=525; //primary power of transformer on short circuit test in watt is called copper loss
+total_loss_FL=iron_loss+copper_loss_FL;
+eta_FL=(KVA*PF)/((KVA*PF)+total_loss_FL)*100; //full load efficiency
+printf("\n Full load efficiency for 0.7 power factor=%2.2f percentage \n",eta_FL)
+copper_loss_HL=(0.5^2)*copper_loss_FL;
+total_loss_HL=iron_loss+copper_loss_HL;
+eta_HL=(KVA*PF*0.5)/((KVA*0.5*PF)+total_loss_HL)*100;
+printf("\n Half load Efficiency for 0.7 power factor=%2.2f percentage \n",eta_HL)
+
+printf("\n (b)")
+Vsc=124; //primary voltage on short circuit test in volts
+Isc=15.3; //primary current on short circuit test in amphere
+Psc=525; //primary power of transformer on open circuit test in watt
+pi_e=acosd(Psc/(Vsc*Isc));
+pi_2=acosd(PF);
+Voc=3300;
+voltage_regulation1=Vsc*cosd(pi_e-pi_2)/(Voc)*100;
+printf("\n The voltage regulation for 0.7 lagging power factor=%1.1f percentage \n",voltage_regulation1)
+pi_2=-acosd(PF);
+voltage_regulation2=Vsc*cosd(pi_e-pi_2)/(Voc)*100;
+printf("\n The voltage regulation for 0.7 leading power factor=%1.2f percentage \n",voltage_regulation2)
+
+printf("\n (c)")
+Voc=400;
+decrease_in_voltage=voltage_regulation1*Voc/100;
+Vs1=Voc-decrease_in_voltage;
+increase_in_voltage=voltage_regulation2*Voc/100;
+Vs2=Voc-increase_in_voltage;
+printf("\n The secondary terminal voltage corresponding to 0.7 pf lagging=%3.1f V \n",Vs1)
+printf("\n The secondary terminal voltage corresponding to 0.7 pf leading=%3.1f V \n",Vs2)
+
diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.jpg b/3802/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 000000000..3ab36a692 --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.jpg diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce b/3802/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..de10ea05c --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.8/Ex7_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +//Book Name:Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering
+//Author:Rajendra Prasad
+//Publisher: PHI Learning Private Limited
+//Edition:Third ,2014
+
+//Ex7_8.sce.
+
+clc;
+clear;
+Np=1000; //number of Primary turns
+Ns=100; //number of secondary turns
+KVA=120e3; //KVA rating of the transformer
+V_SL=440; //supply voltage in V
+
+K=Np/Ns; //transformer turns ratio
+I_SL=KVA/(sqrt(3)*V_SL);
+
+printf("\n (a)")
+V_PL=(V_SL*K)/sqrt(3);
+I_PL=(sqrt(3)*I_SL)/K;
+transformation_ratio=V_PL/V_SL;
+printf("\n Delta star connection:\n")
+printf("\n Primary line current=%2.1f A ",I_PL)
+printf("\n Primary line voltage=%d V ",V_PL)
+printf("\n Transformation ratio =%2.1f \n",transformation_ratio)
+
+printf("\n(b)")
+V_PL=V_SL*K*sqrt(3);
+I_PL=I_SL/(sqrt(3)*K);
+transformation_ratio=V_PL/V_SL;
+printf("\n star delta connection:\n")
+printf("\n Primary line current=%1.1f A ",I_PL)
+printf("\n Primary line voltage=%d V ",V_PL)
+printf("\n Transformation ratio =%2.2f ",transformation_ratio)
+
diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.jpg b/3802/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 000000000..39cfbf8db --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.jpg diff --git a/3802/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.sce b/3802/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b65af80d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3802/CH7/EX7.9/Ex7_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +//Book Name:Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering
+//Author:Rajendra Prasad
+//Publisher: PHI Learning Private Limited
+//Edition:Third ,2014
+
+//Ex7_9.sce.
+
+clc;
+clear;
+Vp=220; //primary voltage in V
+Vs=250; //secondary voltage in V
+Ns=2000; //number of secondary turns
+
+printf("\n (a)")
+Np=(Vp/Vs)*Ns; //number of Primary turns
+tapping_point=Ns-Np; //number of turns from C to A in figure
+printf("\n The position of tapping point=%d turns \n",tapping_point)
+
+printf("\n (b)")
+Po=10e3; //output power in KVA
+Is=Po/Vs; //secodary current in A
+Ip=(Vs/Vp)*Is; //primary current in A
+approximate_current=Ip-Is;
+printf("\n The approximate value of current in each part of the winding:\n")
+printf("\t Is=%d A\n",Is)
+printf("\t Ip=%2.2f A\n",Ip)
+printf("\t Ip-Is=%1.2f A\n",approximate_current)
+
+printf("\n (c)")
+copper_saved=Vp/Vs;
+printf("\n copper saved=%1.2f p.u",copper_saved)
+
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