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+//Optoelectronics - An Introduction, 2nd Edition by J. Wilson and J.F.B. Hawkes
+//Example 9.1
+//OS=Windows XP sp3
+//Scilab version 5.5.2
+clc;
+clear;
+
+//given
+eta=0.6;//Dimensionless Quantum Efficiency of photodiode
+Lambda0=1.3e-6;//Wavelength in m
+e=1.6e-19;//Electronic charge in C
+P=10e-6;//Optical power in W
+h=6.6e-34;//Planck's constant in SI Units
+c=3e8;//Speed of light in m/s
+iD=3e-9;//Reverse bias leakage current in A
+Deltaf=500e6;//Bandwidth of system in Hz
+k=1.38e-23;//Boltzmann constant in SI Units
+Rl=50;//Load resistor in Ohms
+T=300;//Absolute temperature in K
+Fn=1;//Assumption
+
+iLambda=eta*P*e*Lambda0/(h*c);//Corresponding photogenerated current in A
+mprintf("\n iLambda = %.2f uA",iLambda/1e-6);//Dividing by 10^(-6) to convert to uA
+//The answers vary due to round off error
+
+//Let the total shot noise be Ishot
+Ishot=sqrt(2*(iLambda+iD)*e*Deltaf);
+mprintf("\n Ishot = %.1f nA",Ishot/1e-9);//Dividing by 10^(-9) to convert to nA
+
+DeltaiJ=sqrt(4*k*T*Fn*Rl*Deltaf)/Rl;//Corresponding Johnson noise in A
+mprintf("\n DeltaiJ = %.2f nA",DeltaiJ/1e-9);//Dividing by 10^(-9) to convert to nA
+//The answers vary due to round off error
+
+SNR=(iLambda^2)/(Ishot^2 + DeltaiJ^2);//Corresponding Dimensionless Signal to Noise Ratio
+mprintf("\n (S/N) = %.2f",SNR);//The answers vary due to round off error
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+//Optoelectronics - An Introduction, 2nd Edition by J. Wilson and J.F.B. Hawkes
+//Example 9.2
+//OS=Windows XP sp3
+//Scilab version 5.5.2
+clc;
+clear;
+
+//given
+L=15;//Length of link in km
+Deltaf=100e6;//Bandwidth in b/s
+Pmin=-50;//Receiver sensitivity in dBm is the minimum power received by receiver
+alphat=2;//Fiber transmission loss in dB/km
+Ns=10;//Number of splices contributing to loss
+Ls=0.5;//Loss of each splice in dB
+Lc=1;//Detector coupling loss in dB
+La=5;//Additional Losses due to various factors in dB;
+//Let the transmitter launch power in dBm be 'P'
+P=0;
+
+Margin=P-Pmin;//Power Margin in dBm
+mprintf("\n Margin = %d dBm",Margin);
+
+//Let the total system loss in dB be 'Lt'
+Lt=alphat*L+Lc+Ns*Ls+La;
+mprintf("\n Total System Loss = %d dB",Lt);
+mprintf("\n Excess power margin = %d dB",Margin-Lt);//Excess power margin in dB
diff --git a/3740/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.jpg b/3740/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.jpg
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+//Optoelectronics - An Introduction, 2nd Edition by J. Wilson and J.F.B. Hawkes
+//Example 9.3
+//OS=Windows XP sp3
+//Scilab version 5.5.2
+clc;
+clear;
+
+//given
+Lambda0=0.63e-6;//Wavelength in m
+Deltan=6e-3;//Dimensionless Change in refractive index of titanium
+n1=2.286;//Ordinary dimensionless refractive index of Titanium
+
+n2=n1-Deltan;//Changed dimensionless refractive index of titanium
+NA=sqrt(n1^2 - n2^2);//Corresponding dimensionless numerical aperture
+mprintf("\n NA = %.3f",NA);