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+//chapter12
+//example12.19
+//page255
+
+printf(" i) if R2 is shorted, base will be grounded. It will be \n left without forward bias and transistor \n will be cutoff so output is zero.\n \n")
+printf(" ii) if R2 is open,forward bias will be very high. The \n collector current will be very high and collector \n emitter voltage will be very low. \n \n")
+printf(" iii) if R1 is shorted, transistor will be in saturation \n due to excessive forward bias. The base will be at \n Vcc and emitter will be slightly below Vcc.\n \n")
+printf(" iv) if R1 is open, transistor will be without forward bias.\n Hence transistor will be cutoff i.e. output will be zero. \n")