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+// scilab Code Exa 18.54 Maximum Height of Hydro Turbines
+
+H=52; // head developed in m
+c1=6.5; // exit velocity in m/s
+pa=1.0133; // ambient pressure in bar
+rho=1e3;
+n_d=0.75; // Efficiency of the Draft Tube
+g=9.81; // Gravitational acceleration in m/s^2
+ta=20; // ambient temperature of water in degree C
+sigma_cr=0.1;
+pv=0.023; // vapour pressure of water at t value(from tables)
+Hv=pv*1e5/(rho*g);
+//Q=c1*A1=c2*A2
+Ar=1.5; // draft tube area ratio(A2/A1=c1/c2)
+Z(1)=0; // altitude in m
+Z(2)=2500;
+Z(3)=3000;
+Z(4)=4000;
+p(1)=pa; // at altitude Z=0
+p(2)=0.747; // at Z=2500m
+p(3)=0.701; // at altitude Z=3000m
+p(4)=0.657; // at Z=4000m
+ Hsd=(c1^2)*(1-(1/(Ar^2)))/(2*g); // ideal head gained by the draft tube
+    Hd=n_d*Hsd; //Actual head gained by the draft tube
+Ha=pa*1e5/(rho*g);
+for i=1:4
+        disp("m",Z(i),"For Z=")
+        Ha=p(i)*1e5/(rho*g);
+    H1=Ha-(Hsd+Hd);
+    Hs=Ha-((sigma_cr*H)+Hd+Hv); // vertical length of the draft tube between the turbine exit and the tail race in m
+    disp("m",Hs,"the maximum height of the turbine exit above the tail race is")
+    NPSH=sigma_cr*H;
+disp(NPSH,"NPSH=")
+end