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diff --git a/68/CH10/EX10.1/ex1.sce b/68/CH10/EX10.1/ex1.sce
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+// Example 10.1 : To determine t_PHL, t_PLH and t_P

+// Consider CMOS inverter

+C_ox=6*10^-15; // (F/um^2)

+uC_n=115*10^-6; //uC_n=u_n*C_ox (A/V^2)

+uC_p=30*10^-6; //uC_p=u_p*C_ox (A/V^2)

+V_tn=0.4; // (V)

+V_tp=-0.4; // (V)

+V_DD=2.5; // (V)

+W_n=0.375*10^-6; // W for Q_N

+L_n=0.25*10^-6; // L for Q_N

+W_p=1.125*10^-6; // W for Q_P

+L_p=0.25*10^-6; // L for Q_P

+C_gd1=0.3*W_n*10^-9; // (F)

+C_gd2=0.3*W_p*10^-9; // (F)

+C_db1=10^-15; // (F)

+C_db2=10^-15; // (F)

+C_g3= 0.375*0.25*6*10^-15+2*0.3*0.375*10^-15; // (F)

+C_g4=1.125*0.25*6*10^-15+2*0.3*1.125*10^-15; // (F)

+C_w=0.2*10^-15; // (F)

+C=2*C_gd1+2*C_gd2+C_db1+C_db2+C_g3+C_g4+C_w; // (F)

+i_DN0=uC_n*W_n*(V_DD-V_tn)^2/(2*L_n); // i_DN0 = i_DN(0) (A)

+i_DNtPHL=uC_n*W_n*((V_DD-V_tn)*V_DD/2-((V_DD/2)^2)/2)/L_n; // i_DNtPHL = i_DN(t_PHL) (A)

+i_DNav=(i_DN0+i_DNtPHL)/2; // i_DN|av (A)

+t_PHL=C*(V_DD/2)/i_DNav;

+disp(t_PHL,"t_PHL (s)")

+t_PLH=1.3*t_PHL; // Since W_p/W_n=3 and u_n/u_p=3.83 thus t_PLH is greater than t_PHL by 3.83/3

+disp(t_PLH,"t_PLH (s)")

+t_P=(t_PHL+t_PLH)/2; 

+disp(t_P,"t_P (s)")
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diff --git a/68/CH10/EX10.2/ex2.sce b/68/CH10/EX10.2/ex2.sce
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+// Example 10.2 : W/L ratios for the logic circuit

+//For basic inverter

+n=1.5;

+p=5;

+L=0.25*10^-6; // (m)

+WbyL=2*n; // W/L for Q_NB , Q_NC , Q_ND

+disp(WbyL,"W/L ratio for Q_NB")

+disp(WbyL,"W/L ratio for Q_NC")

+disp(WbyL,"W/L ratio for Q_ND")

+WbyL=n; // W/L ratio for Q_NA

+disp(WbyL,"W/L ratio for Q_NA")

+WbyL=3*p; // W/L for Q_PA, Q_PC , Q_PD

+disp(WbyL,"W/L ratio for Q_PA") 

+disp(WbyL,"W/L ratio for Q_PC")

+disp(WbyL,"W/L ratio for Q_PD")
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diff --git a/68/CH10/EX10.3/ex3.sce b/68/CH10/EX10.3/ex3.sce
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+// Example 10.3 : To determine the parameters of pseudo NMOS inverter

+// Consider a pseudo NMOS inverter

+uC_n=115*10^-6; //uC_n=u_n*C_ox (A/V^2)

+uC_p=30*10^-6; //uC_p=u_p*C_ox (A/V^2)

+V_tn=0.4; // (V)

+V_tp=-0.4; // (V)

+V_DD=2.5; // (V)

+W_n=0.375*10^-6; // W for Q_N (m)

+L_n=0.25*10^-6; // L for Q_N (m)

+r=9;

+

+// 10.3a

+V_OH=V_DD;

+disp(V_OH,"V_OH (V)")

+V_OL=(V_DD-V_tn)*(1-sqrt(1-1/r));

+disp(V_OL,"V_OL (V)")

+V_IL=V_tn+(V_DD-V_tn)/sqrt(r*(r+1));

+disp(V_IL,"V_IL (V)")

+V_IH=V_tn+2*(V_DD-V_tn)/(sqrt(3*r));

+disp(V_IH,"V_IH (V)")

+V_M=V_tn+(V_DD-V_tn)/sqrt(r+1);

+disp(V_M,"V_M (V)")

+NM_H=V_OH-V_IH;

+NM_L=V_IL-V_OL;

+disp(NM_L,NM_H,"The highest and the lowest values of allowable noise margin (V)")

+

+// 10.3b

+WbyL_p=uC_n*(W_n/L_n)/(uC_p*r); // WbyL_p=(W/L)_p

+disp(WbyL_p,"(W/L)_p")

+

+//10.3c

+I_stat=(uC_p*WbyL_p*(V_DD-V_tn)^2)/2;

+disp(I_stat,"I_stat (A)")

+P_D=I_stat*V_DD;

+disp(P_D,"Static power dissipation P_D (W)")

+

+//10.3d

+C=7*10^-15;

+t_PLH=1.7*C/(uC_p*WbyL_p*V_DD);

+disp(t_PLH,"t_PLH (s)")

+t_PHL=1.7*C/(uC_n*(W_n/L_n)*sqrt(1-0.46/r)*V_DD);

+disp(t_PHL,("t_PHL (s)"))

+t_p=(t_PHL+t_PLH)/2;

+disp(t_p,"t_p (s)")
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diff --git a/68/CH10/EX10.4/ex4.sce b/68/CH10/EX10.4/ex4.sce
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+// Example 10.4 : To determine parameters for NMOS transistor

+// Consider NMOS transistor switch

+uC_n=50*10^-6; //uC_n=u_n*C_ox (A/V^2)

+uC_p=20*10^-6; //uC_px    `=u_p*C_ox (A/V^2)

+V_tO=1; // (V)

+y=0.5; // (V^1/2)

+fie_f=0.6/2; // (V)

+V_DD=5; // (V)

+W_n=4*10^-6; // (m)

+L_n=2*10^-6; // (m)

+C=50*10^-15; // (F)

+

+// 10.4a

+V_t=1.6; // (V)

+V_OH=V_DD-V_t; // V_OH is the value of v_O at which Q stops conducting (V)

+disp(V_OH,"V_OH (V)")

+ 

+// 10.4b

+W_p=10*10^-6; // (m)

+L_p=2*10^-6; // (m)

+i_DP=uC_p*W_p*((V_DD-V_OH-V_tO)^2)/(2*L_p);

+disp(i_DP,"Static current of the inverter (A)")

+P_D=V_DD*i_DP;

+disp(P_D,"Power dissipated (W)")

+V_O=0.08; // Output voltage (V) found by equating the current of Q_N=18uA

+disp(V_O," The output voltage of the inverter (V) ")

+

+// 10.4c

+i_D0=uC_n*W_n*((V_DD-V_tO)^2)/(2*2*10^-6); // i_D0=i_D(0) (A) current i_D at t=0

+v_O=2.5; // (V)

+V_t=V_tO+0.5*(sqrt(v_O+2*fie_f)-sqrt(2*fie_f)); // at v_O=2.5V

+i_DtPLH=(uC_n*W_n*(V_DD-v_O-V_t)^2)/(2*L_n); // i_DtPLH=i_D(t_PLH) (A) current i_D at t=t_PLH

+i_Dav=(i_D0+i_DtPLH)/2; // i_Dav=i_D|av (A) average discharge current

+t_PLH=C*(V_DD/2)/i_Dav;

+disp(t_PLH,"t_PHL (s)")

+

+// 10.4d

+// Case with v_t going low

+i_D0=uC_n*W_n*((V_DD-V_tO)^2)/(2*2*10^-6); // i_D0=i_D(0) (A) current i_D at t=0

+i_DtPHL=uC_n*W_n*((V_DD-V_tO)*v_O-(v_O^2)/2)/(L_n); // i_DtPHL=i_D(t_PHL) (A) current i_D at t=T_PHL

+i_Dav=(i_D0+i_DtPHL)/2; // i_Dav=i_D|av (A) average discarge current

+t_PHL=C*(V_DD/2)/i_Dav;

+disp(t_PHL,"t_PHL (s)")

+

+// 10.4e

+t_P=(t_PHL+t_PLH)/2;

+disp(t_P,"t_P (s)")
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