initial commit / add all books

25 files changed, 560 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.1/3_1.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.1/3_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..047600367
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.1/3_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_1.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_1_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Compression Ratio 

+r=((p2/p1)^(1/y))

+//Air Standard Efficiency

+n=1-(1/(r^(y-1)))

+printf("\n\nResults\n\n")

+printf("\n\nCompression ratio %f\n\n",r)

+printf("\n\nAir - Standard efficiency %f\n\n",n*100)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.10/3_10.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.10/3_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3c631b361
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.10/3_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_10.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_10_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Otto cycle efficiency

+notto=(1-(1/r^(y-1)))*100

+e=(p3/p4n)^(1/y)

+//Efficiency of Atkinson cycle

+natk=(1-(y*(e-r))/(e^y-r^y))*100

+//Ratio of the efficiencies

+rn=natk/notto

+printf("\n\nRESULS\n\n")

+printf("\nOtto cycle efficiency:%f\n",notto)

+printf("\nEfficiency of Atkinson cycle:%f\n",natk)

+printf("\nRatio of the efficiencies:%f\n",rn)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.11/3_11.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.11/3_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c787c8622
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.11/3_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_11.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_11_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Cutoff ratio

+rc=(x*(r-1)+1)

+//Air standard efficiency

+nas=1-((1/(r^(y-1)))*((rc^y-1)/(y*(rc-1))))

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nAir standard efficiency:%f\n",nas*100)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.12/3_12.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.12/3_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..871e5790a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.12/3_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_12.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_12_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Swept volume(in cc)

+Vs=0.25*%pi*d^2*L

+//Compression ratio

+r=1+(Vs/Vc)

+//Cutoff ratio

+rc=((x*(r-1)+1))

+//Efficiency of diesel cycle

+n=1-((1/r^(y-1))*((rc^y-1)/(y*(rc-1))))

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nEfficiency of diesel engine:%f\n",n*100)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.13/3_13.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.13/3_13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..37b58ca78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.13/3_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_13.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_13_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Cutoff ratio

+rc=(p2/p1)^(1/y)/re

+//Temperature at the end of compression stroke(in K)

+T2=T1*(p2/p1)^((y-1)/y)

+//Temperature at the start of expansion stroke(in K)

+T3=T2*(rc)

+//Temperature at the end of expansion stroke(in K)

+T4=T3*(1/re)^(y-1)

+//Heat added(in kJ/kg)

+Ha=Cp*(T3-T2)

+//Heat rejected(in kJ/kg)

+Hr=Cv*(T4-T1)

+//Efficiency

+n=(Ha-Hr)/Ha*100

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nHeat added:%f\n",Ha)

+printf("\nHeat rejected:%f\n",Hr)

+printf("\nEfficiency:%f\n",n)

diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.14/3_14.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.14/3_14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2b6f6ffa4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.14/3_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_14.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_14_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Air standard efficiency of diesel cycle

+n=1-((1/(r^(y-1)*y))*(((r/re)^y-1)/(((r/re)-1))))

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nEfficiency of diesel engine:%f\n",n*100)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.15/3_15.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.15/3_15.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2afe0f375
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.15/3_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_15.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_15_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Efficiency of diesel cycle

+n=1-((1/(r^(y-1)*y))*(((rc^y)-1)/((rc-1))))

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nEfficiency of diesel engine:%f\n",n*100)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.16/3_16.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.16/3_16.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d84d04425
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.16/3_16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_16.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_16_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Pressure at he end of compression stroke(in bar)

+p2=p1*(r)^y

+//Pressure at the end of expansion stroke(in bar)

+p4=p2*(rc/r)^y

+//Mean effective pressure(in bar)

+pm=(1/(r-1))*((p2*(rc-1))+((p2*rc-p4*r)/(y-1))-(p2-(p1*r))/(y-1))

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\np2:%f\n",p2)

+printf("\np4:%f\n",p4)

+printf("\nMean effective pressure:%f\n",pm)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.17/3_17.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.17/3_17.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6733f1d6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.17/3_17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_17.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_17_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Temperature at the end of compression stroke(in K)

+T2=r^((Cp/Cv)-1)*T1

+//Temperature at he start of expansion stroke(in K)

+T3=CV/(AF*Cp)+T2

+//Cutoff ratio

+rc=T3/T2

+//Efficiency of diesel cycle

+n=1-(1/(y*r^(y-1))*(((rc^y)-1)/(rc-1)))

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nEfficiency of diesel cycle:%f\n",n*100)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.18/3_18.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.18/3_18.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..60a9da2ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.18/3_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_18.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_18_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Compression ratio

+r=(p2/p1)^(1/y)

+//Temperature at end of compression(in K)

+T2=r^(y-1)*T1

+//Temperature at start of expansion stroke(in K)

+T3=(Hs/Cp)+T2

+//Cutoff ratio

+rc=T3/T2

+//Efficiency of diesel cycle

+n=1-(1/(y*r^(y-1))*(((rc^y)-1)/(rc-1)))

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nCompression ratio:%f\n",r)

+printf("\nTemperature at end of compression:%f\n",T2)

+printf("\nTemperature at start of expansion stroke:%f\n",T3)

+printf("\nEfficiency of diesel cycle:%f\n",n*100)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.19/3_19.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.19/3_19.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4ca8a4e5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.19/3_19.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_19.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_19_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Compression ratio

+r=1+rsc

+//Pressure at end of compression stroke(in bar)

+p2=r^y*p1

+//Temperature at end of compression(in K)

+T2=r^(y-1)*T1

+//Pressure at start of expansion stroke(in bar)

+p3=p2

+//Cutoff ratio

+rc=T3/T2

+//Expansion ratio

+re=r/rc

+//Temperature at end of expansion stroke(in K)

+T4=T3/(re^(y-1))

+//Pressure at end of expansion stroke(in bar)

+p4=p3/re^y

+//Efficiency of diesel cycle

+ncyc=(1-((Cv*(T4-T1))/(Cp*(T3-T2))))*100

+//Work output(in kJ/kg)

+W=Cp*(T3-T2)-Cv*(T4-T1)

+//Gas constant(in kJ/kgK)

+R=Cp-Cv

+//Initial volume(in m^3)

+V1=((1+rsc)/rsc)*k*0.25*%pi*d^2*L

+//Mass flow rate of air(in kg/s)

+ma=(p1*10^5*V1*N)/(R*1000*T1*2)

+//Power output(in kW)

+P=W*ma

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nCompression ratio:%f\n",r)

+printf("\nPressure at end of compression stroke:%f\n",p2)

+printf("\nTemperature at end of compression:%f\n",T2)

+printf("\nPressure at start of expansion stroke:%f\n",p3)

+printf("\nTemperature at end of expansion stroke:%f\n",T4)

+printf("\nPressure at end of expansion stroke:%f\n",p4)

+printf("\nEfficiency of diesel cycle:%f\n",ncyc)

+printf("\nPower output:%f\n",P)

+

diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.2/3_2.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.2/3_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..78a14a98b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.2/3_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_2.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_2_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Compression Ratio

+r=(t2/t1)^(1/(y-1))

+//Efficiency of otto cycle

+notto = 1-(t1/t2)

+printf("\n\nResults:\n\n")

+printf("\n\nCompression Ratio: %f\n\n",r)

+printf("\n\nAir Standard Efficiency On Ideal Otto Cycle : %f\n\n",notto*100)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.20/3_20.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.20/3_20.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9f70435c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.20/3_20.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_20.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_20_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Pressure at the end of compression stroke(in N/m^2)

+p2=r^y*p1*10^5

+//Pressure at start of expansion stroke(in N/m^2)

+p3=p2

+//Cutoff ratio

+pm*(r-1)=p3*(rc-1)+((p3*rc-(p3/r^y)*rc^1.4)/(y-1))-((p3-(p3/r^y)*r)/(y-1))

+//Air standard efficiency

+n=1-(1/(y*r^(y-1))*(((rc^y)-1)/(rc-1)))

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nCutoff ratio:%f\n",rc)

+printf("\nAir standard efficiency:%f\n",n*100)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.21/3_21.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.21/3_21.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..46fab56ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.21/3_21.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_21.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_21_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Ratio of specific heats

+y=Cp/Cv

+//Temperature at end of compression stroke(in K)

+T2=(r^(y-1))*T1

+//Pressure at the end of compression stroke(in bar)

+p2=(r^y)*p1

+//Temperature at start of constant pressure heat addition(in K)

+T3=(p3*T2)/p2

+//Cutoff ratio

+rc=T4/T3

+//Heat supplied(in kJ)

+Hs=Cv*(T3-T2)+Cp*(T4-T3)

+//Temperature at end of expansion stroke(in K)

+T5=T4*(rc/r)^(y-1)

+//Heat rejected per kg(in kJ)

+Hr=Cv*(T5-T1)

+//Work output per kg(in kJ)

+W=Hs-Hr

+//Efficiency of dual cycle

+ndual=W/Hs*100

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nTemperature at start of constant pressure heat addition:%f\n",T3)

+printf("\nCutoff ratio:%f\n",rc)

+printf("\nHeat supplied:%f\n",Hs)

+printf("\nTemperature at end of expansion stroke:%f\n",T5)

+printf("\nWork output per kg:%f\n",W)

+printf("\nEfficiency of dual cycle:%f\n",ndual)

diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.22/3_22.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.22/3_22.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..05ac7564a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.22/3_22.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_22.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_22_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Ratio of specific heats

+y=Cp/Cv

+//Temperature at end of compression stroke(in K)

+T2=(r^(y-1))*T1

+//Pressure at the end of compression stroke(in bar)

+p2=(r^y)*p1

+//Temperature at start of constant pressure heat addition(in K)

+T3=(p3*T2)/p2

+//Heat added during constant volume combustion(in kJ/kg)

+Hav=Cv*(T3-T2)

+//Heat added during constant pressure combustion(in kJ/kg)

+Hap=Htot-Hav

+//Temperature at end of constant pressure heat addition(in K)

+T4=(Hap/Cp)+T3

+//Cutoff ratio

+rc=T4/T3

+//Temperature at end of expansion stroke(in K)

+T5=T4*(rc/r)^(y-1)

+//Pressure at end of expansion stroke(in bar)

+p5=p4*(rc/r)^y

+//Heat rejected(in kJ/kg)

+Hr=Cv*(T5-T1)

+//Efficiency of dual cycle

+n=(Htot-Hr)/Htot

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nPressure at the end of compression stroke:%f\n",p2)

+printf("\nTemperature at end of compression stroke:%f\n",T2)

+printf("\nTemperature at start of constant pressure heat addition:%f\n",T3)

+printf("\nTemperature at end of constant pressure heat addition:%f\n",T4)

+printf("\nTemperature at end of expansion stroke:%f\n",T5)

+printf("\nPressure at end of expansion stroke:%f\n",p5)

+printf("\nEfficiency of dual cycle:%f\n",n*100)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.23/3_23.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.23/3_23.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9093391b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.23/3_23.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_23.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_23_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Ratio of specific heats

+y=Cp/Cv

+//Cutoff ratio

+rc=r/re

+//Temperature at end of compression stroke(in K)

+T2=(r^(n-1))*T1

+//Pressure at the end of compression stroke(in bar)

+p2=(r^n)*p1

+//Temperature at start of constant pressure heat addition & heat liberated at constant pressure is twice the heat liberated at constant volume(in K)

+T3=(2*T2)/(y*((2/y)-(rc-1)))

+//Temperature at start of expansion stroke(in K)

+T4=rc*T3

+//Pressure at start of constant pressure heat addition(in bar)

+p3=(T3/T2)*p2

+//Pressure at end of constant pressure heat addition(in bar)

+p4=p3

+//Temperature at end of expansion stroke(in K)

+T5=T4/(re^(n-1))

+//Pressure at end of expansion stroke(in bar)

+p5=p4/(re^n)

+//Mean effective pressure(in bar)

+pm=((((p3*rc-p5*r)/(n-1))+(p3*(rc-1))-((p2-p1*r)/(n-1)))/(r-1))

+//Work done(in kJ/kg)

+w=(pm*(r-1)*10^5*m*R*T1)/(p1*r*10^5)*10^-3

+//Heat supplied(in kJ/kg)

+qs=Cv*(T3-T2)+Cp*(T4-T3)

+//Efficiency of dual cycle

+n=w/qs*100

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nMean effecive pressure:%f\n",pm)

+printf("\nEfficiency of dual cycle:%f\n",n)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.24/3_24.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.24/3_24.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e6b49559e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.24/3_24.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_24.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_24_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Efficiency of Otto cycle

+notto=1-(1/r^(y-1))

+//Heat supplied(in kJ/s)

+qs=P/notto

+//No of cycles per second

+Nc=N/(2*60)

+//Net work output per cycle per cylinder(in kJ)

+W=P/(k*Nc)

+//Mean effective pressure(in N/m^2)

+pm=W*1000/Vs

+//Temperature at end of compression stroke(in K)

+T2=T1*(r)^(y-1)

+//Heat supplied per cycle per cylinder(in kJ)

+q23=qs/(k*Nc)

+//Volume flow of air(in m^3/kg)

+v1=(R*T1)/(p1*10^5)

+//Volume at start of compression stroke(in m^3)

+V1=(Vs*r)/(r-1)

+//Mass flow rate(in kg)

+m=V1/v1

+//Temperature rise resulting from heat addition(in K)

+T3=T2+(q23/(m*Cv))

+//Now considering diesel cycle

+//Temperature rise resulting from heat addition(in K)

+T3d=(q23/(m*Cp))+T2

+//Cutoff ratio

+rc=T3d/T2

+//Air standard efficiency

+nd=1-(1/(y*r^(y-1))*(((rc^y)-1)/(rc-1)))

+//Power output(in kW)

+Pd=nd*qs

+//Power ouput per cylinder

+Pn=Pd/k

+//Work done per cycle per cylinder(in kJ)

+Wd=Pn/Nc

+//Mean effective pressure(in N/m^2)

+pmd=Wd*1000/Vs

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nEfficiency of Otto cycle:%f\n",notto*100)

+printf("\nHeat supplied:%f\n",qs)

+printf("\nMean effective pressure:%f\n",pm)

+printf("\nTemperature rise resulting from heat addition:%f\n",T3)

+printf("\nTemperature rise resulting from heat addition for diesel cycle:%f\n",T3d)

+printf("\nAir standard efficiency:%f\n",nd*100)

+printf("\nMean effective pressure:%f\n",pmd)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.25/3_25.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.25/3_25.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2d0720b4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.25/3_25.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_25.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_25_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Volume flow(in m^3/kg)

+v1=(R*T1)/(p1*10^5)

+//Temperature at end of compression stroke(in K)

+T2=T1*(r)^(y-1)

+//Pressure at the end of compression stroke(in bar)

+p2=(r^y)*p1

+//Temperature at start of constant pressure heat addition(in bar)

+T3=(p3/p2)*T2

+//Heat supplied at constant volume(in kJ/kg)

+qv=Cv*(T3-T2)

+//Heat supplied at constant pressure(in kJ/kg)

+qp=Hs-qv

+//Temperature at start of expansion stroke(in K)

+T4=T3+(qp/Cp)

+//Volume flow at start of expansion(in m^3/kg)

+v4=(v1/r)*(T4/T3)

+//Temperature at end of expansion stroke(in K)

+T5=T4*(v4/v1)^(y-1)

+//Heat rejected(in kJ/kg)

+Hr=Cv*(T5-T1)

+//Work done(in kJ/kg)

+W=Hs-Hr

+//Efficiency of dual cycle

+n1=W/Hs

+//Mean effective pressure(in bar)

+pm=(W*10^3)/(v1*(1-(1/r)))*10^-5

+//Temperature rise resulting from heat addition(in K)

+T3v=(Hs/(Cv))+T2

+//Pressure at end of heat addition process(in bar)

+p3v=T3v*(p2/T2)

+//Temperature at end of expansion stroke(in K)

+T4v=T3v*((1/r)^(y-1))

+//Heat rejected(in kJ/kg)

+Hrv=Cv*(T4v-T1)

+//Work done(in kJ)

+Wv=Hs-Hrv

+//Efficiency of constant volume cycle

+n2=Wv/Hs

+//Mean effective pressure(in bar)

+pm2=(Wv*1000)/((1-(1/r))*v1)*10^-5

+//If the gases were expanded isentropically to their original pressure of p1bar then temperature T6 at the end of expansion would be(in K)

+T6=T3v*(p1/p3v)^((y-1)/y)

+//Heat rejected at constant pressure(in kJ/kg)

+Hr1=Cp*(T6-T1)

+//Increase in work(in kJ/kg)

+Win=Hrv-Hr1

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nEfficiency of dual cycle:%f\n",n1*100)

+printf("\nMean effective pressure:%f\n",pm)

+printf("\nEfficiency of constant volume cycle:%f\n",n2*100)

+printf("\nMean effective pressure:%f\n",pm2)

+printf("\nIncrease in work:%f\n",Win)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.3/3_3.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.3/3_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..31a932b63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.3/3_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_3.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_3_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//For Process 1 and 2

+//Compression Ratio 

+r=(p2/p1)^(1/y)

+//Efficiency 

+n=1-((1/r)^(y-1))

+//Final Temperature (in kelvin)

+t2=(p2*t1)/(p1*r) 

+//For Process 2 and 3

+t3=(p3 /p2)*t2

+//Heat Supplied

+qs=Cv*(t3 - t2)

+//Work Done (in kJ/ kG)

+w=n*qs

+//Volume flow at inlet(in m^3/kg)

+v1=R*(t1/(29*p1*10^5))

+//Swept Volume 

+Vs=(r-1)/(r)*v1

+//Mean Effective Pressure (in N/m2)

+pm=(w*10^3)/Vs*10^-5

+printf("\n\nResults\n\n")

+printf("\n\nEfficiency: %f\n\n ",n*100)

+printf("\n\nMean Effective Pressure : %f \n\n",pm)

diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.4/3_4.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.4/3_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8a750bd65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.4/3_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_4.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_4_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+z=(p2/p1)^(1/n)

+//Compression ratio

+r=((yn*z)-x)/(yn-(x*z))

+// Air Standard Efficiency 

+nastd=1-(1/(r^(y-1)))

+//Relative Efficiency = Indicated Efficiency / Air Standard Efficiency

+nith=nr*nastd 

+//Fuel Consumption (in kg/KWH) isfc = m/ip where m ( is in kg/sec)

+a=1/(CV*nith)

+isfc=a*3600

+printf ("\n\nResults \n\n")

+printf("z:%f",z)

+printf("\n\nr:%f\n",r)

+printf("\n\nAir Standard Efficiency :  %f\n\n",nastd*100)

+printf("\nIndicated Thermal Efficiency :  %f\n\n",nith*100)

+printf(" \n\nFuel Consumption:  %f\n\n",isfc)

diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.5/3_5.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.5/3_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..153cf37c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.5/3_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_5.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_5_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Stroke Volume vs (in cc)

+Vs=(%pi*d*d*L)/4

+//Compression Ratio r 

+r=1+(Vs/Vc)

+//Ratio Of SPecific Heats 

+y=Cp/Cv

+//Air Standard Efficiency

+n=1-(1/r^(y-1))

+printf("\n\nResults\n\n")

+printf("\nStroke Volume: %f\n",Vs)

+printf("\nCompression Ratio: %f\n",r)

+printf("\nRatio Of Specific Heats: %f\n",y)

+printf("\nAir Standard Efficiency: %f\n",n*100)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.6/3_6.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.6/3_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9f13d7f7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.6/3_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_6.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_6_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Pressure at end of compression stroke(in N/m^2)

+p2=(r^y)*p1*10^5

+//Temperature at the end of compression sroke(in K)

+T2=(r^(y-1))*300

+//Temperature at start of expansion stroke(in N/m^2)

+T3=((p3*10^5)/p2)*T2

+//Pressure at the end of expansion sroke(in N/m^2)

+p4=p3/(r^(y))*10^5

+//Temperature at the end of expansion stroke(in K)

+T4=T3/(r^(y-1))

+//Efficiency of Otto cycle

+notto=(1-1/(r^(y-1)))*100

+//Mean effective pressure(in bar)

+pm=(1/((r-1)*(y-1)))*(((p3*10^5)-p4*r)-(p2-(p1*10^5*r)))*10^-5

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nPressure at end of compression stroke:%f\n",p2)

+printf("\nTemperature at the end of compression sroke:%f\n",T2)

+printf("\nTemperature at start of expansion stroke:%f\n",T3)

+printf("\nPressure at the end of expansion sroke:%f\n",p4)

+printf("\nTemperature at the end of expansion stroke:%f\n",T4)

+printf("\nEfficiency of Otto cycle:%f\n",notto)

+printf("\nMean effecive pressure:%f\n",pm)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.7/3_7.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.7/3_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b2271a109
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.7/3_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_7.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_7_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Pressure at end of compression stroke(in N/m^2)

+p2=(r^y)*p1*10^5

+//Temperature at the end of compression sroke(in K)

+T2=(r^(y-1))*T1

+//Temperature at start of expansion stroke(in N/m^2)

+T3=(qs/Cv)+T2

+//Peak pressure(in N/m^2)

+p3=(T3/T2)*p2

+//Temperature at end of expansion stroke(in K)

+T4=T3/(r^(y-1))

+//Work output per kg(in kJ)

+W=(((y*Cv)-Cv)/(y-1))*((T3-T4)-(T2-T1))

+//Efficiency of otto cycle

+notto=(1-(1/r^(y-1)))*100

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nTemperature at start of expansion stroke:%f\n",T3)

+printf("\nPeak pressure:%f\n",p3)

+printf("\nWork output per kg:%f\n",W)

+printf("\nEfficiency of otto cycle:%f\n",notto)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.8/3_8.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.8/3_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..42c61675a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.8/3_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_8.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_8_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Volume at start of compression stroke(in m^3)

+V1=(m*R*T1)/(M*p1*10^5)

+//Pressure at end of compression of sroke(in bar)

+p2=p1*r^y

+//Volume at end of compression stroke(in m^3)

+V2=V1/r

+//Temperature at end of compression stroke(in K)

+T2=(p2/p1)*(V2/V1)*T1

+//Volume at start of expansion(in m^3)

+V3=V2

+//Temperature at start of expansion stroke(in K)

+T3=(p3*T2)/p2

+//Pressure at end of expansion stroke(in bar)

+p4=p3*(V3/V1)^y

+//Volume at end of expansion(in m^3)

+V4=V1

+//Temperature at end of expansion(in m^3)

+T4=T1*(p4/p1)

+//Specific heat at constant volume(in kJ/kgK)

+Cv=R/(M*(y-1))

+//Heat supplied per unit mass(in kJ)

+Hs=Cv*(T3-T2)

+//Heat Rejected per unit mass(in kJ)

+Hr=Cv*(T4-T1)

+//Ratio of heat supplied and rejected

+Rsr=Hs/Hr

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nVolume at start of compression stroke:%f\n",V1)

+printf("\nPressure at end of compression of sroke:%f\n",p2)

+printf("\nVolume at end of compression stroke:%f\n",V2)

+printf("\nTemperature at end of compression stroke:%f\n",T2)

+printf("\nVolume at start of expansion:%f\n",V3)

+printf("\nTemperature at start of expansion stroke:%f\n",T3)

+printf("\nPressure at end of expansion stroke:%f\n",p4)

+printf("\nVolume at end of expansion:%f\n",V4)

+printf("\nTemperature at end of expansion:%f\n",T4)

+printf("\nRatio of heat supplied and rejected:%f\n",Rsr)

diff --git a/443/CH3/EX3.9/3_9.sce b/443/CH3/EX3.9/3_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b41175c92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/443/CH3/EX3.9/3_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+pathname=get_absolute_file_path('3_9.sce')

+filename=pathname+filesep()+'3_9_data.sci'

+exec(filename)

+//Temperature at end of compression(in K)

+T2=T1*(p2/p1)^((y-1)/y)

+//Theoretical thermal efficiency

+n=1-(T1/T2)

+//Heat supplied(in kJ/kg)

+qs=Cv*(T3-T2)

+//Work done per kg of air(in kJ/kg)

+w=n*qs

+//Pressure at start of expansion stroke(in bar)

+p3=p2*(T3/T2)

+//Pressure at the end of expansion stroke(in bar)

+p4=p3*(p1/p2)

+printf("\n\nRESULTS\n\n")

+printf("\nTheoretical thermal efficiency:%f\n",n*100)

+printf("\nHeat supplied:%f\n",qs)

+printf("\nWork done per kg of air:%f\n",w)

+printf("\nPressure at start of expansion stroke:%f\n",p3)

+printf("\nPressure at the end of expansion stroke:%f\n",p4)
\ No newline at end of file