initial commit / add all books

22 files changed, 286 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.1/example13_1.sce b/416/CH13/EX13.1/example13_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c9d7f1eac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.1/example13_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clc

+clear

+disp('example 13.1')

+pg=3000  //kva rating of generators single phase

+xg=0.1  //10%reactanse of generator

+vg=11   //voltage at the terminals of generator

+xbf=5    //reactanse of feeder fron bus to fault

+pb=pg;vb=vg;ib=pg/vg  //let power and voltage of as respective base then current base

+zb=(vb*10^3)/ib   //base impedence

+xpu=xbf/zb  //per unit reactance of feeder

+tx=(xg/2)+(xpu) //total reactance 

+sckva=pg/tx  //short circuit kva is ratio ofpower to total reactance

+sci=sckva/vg   //short circuit current

+disp('a')

+printf(" p.u.feeder reactor %.3fp.u \n total reactance is %.3fp.u \n short circuit kVA %dkVA \n short circuit current %.1fA",xpu,tx,sckva,sci)

+gz=zb*xg  //generator impedence

+tz=(gz/2)+xbf  //total impedence

+scc=(vg*10^3)/tz  //short circuit current in ampears

+disp('b') 

+printf(" generator impedence %.3fohm \n total impedence %.3f ohm \n short circuit current %.1fA",gz,tz,scc)

diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.1/example13_1.txt b/416/CH13/EX13.1/example13_1.txt
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..71193ce4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.1/example13_1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+ 

+ example 13.1   

+ 

+ a   

+ p.u.feeder reactor 0.124p.u 

+ total reactance is 0.174p.u 

+ short circuit kVA 17244kVA 

+ short circuit current 1567.7A 

+ b   

+ generator impedence 4.033ohm 

+ total impedence 7.017 ohm 

+ short circuit current 1567.7A 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.10/example13_10c.sce b/416/CH13/EX13.10/example13_10c.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0cf56eec8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.10/example13_10c.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clc

+clear

+disp('example 13 10') //given //p=power/v=voltage/f=frequency/x=reactance/iff=feeder reactance take off

+pa=20;va=11;f=50;xa=0.2;pb=30;xb=0.2;pf=10;xf=0.06;iff=0.5

+pba=20;vba=11

+xap=xa*pba/pb

+xfp=xf*pba/pf

+nx=xfp+(xa/2)*(xa/2+xap)/(xa+xap)

+fcp=nx^(-1)

+bc=pba*1000/(va*sqrt(3))

+fc=fcp*bc

+disp('a')

+printf("fault current %.2fohm",fc)

+ic=iff*fcp

+xtx=ic^(-1)

+xn=xtx-nx

+zb=va^2/pba

+xnn=xn*zb

+disp('b')

+printf("reactance required %.4fohm",xnn)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.10/example13_10c.txt b/416/CH13/EX13.10/example13_10c.txt
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..223576d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.10/example13_10c.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+ 

+ example 13 10   

+ 

+ a   

+fault current 5524.88ohm 

+ b   

+reactance required 1.1495ohm 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.11/example13_11.sce b/416/CH13/EX13.11/example13_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cfb1e2fdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.11/example13_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+clc

+clear

+disp('example 13 11')

+n1=5;x=0.4;d=0.1;g=20  //given

+mva=(g/x)+(g*(n1-1)/(x+n1*d))

+n2=10  //given

+mva2=(g/x)+(g*(n2-1)/(x+n2*d))

+disp('a')

+printf("fault MVA =(g/x)+(g*(n-1)/(x+nd)) \n fault level is to equal to fault MVA if n=infinity")

+disp('b')

+printf(" MVA=%.2fMVA if n=%d \n MVA=%.2fMVA if n=%d",mva,n1,mva2,n2)

+fl=g*((1/x)+(1/d))

+disp('c')

+printf("\nfault level %dMVA",fl)

diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.11/example13_11.txt b/416/CH13/EX13.11/example13_11.txt
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..47f3f8f80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.11/example13_11.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+

+ example 13 11   

+ 

+ a   

+fault MVA =(g/x)+(g*(n-1)/(x+nd)) 

+ fault level is to equal to fault MVA if n=infinity 

+ b   

+ MVA=138.89MVA if n=5 

+ MVA=178.57MVA if n=10 

+ c   

+

+fault level 250MVA 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.2/example13_2.sce b/416/CH13/EX13.2/example13_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..358cca267
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.2/example13_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+clc

+clear

+disp('example 13.2')

+pa1=20000 ;pa2=30000  //kva in in 3 ph power

+va1=11    ;va2=11  //voltage in kilo volts

+pt1=20000 ;pt2=30000//kva of 3 ph transformer

+vpt1=11   ;vpt2=11//voltage of primery of transformer

+vst1=132  ;vst2=132//voltage of secondary of transformer

+xg1=0.5  ;xg2=0.65   //reactance of generator

+xt1=0.05 ;xt2=0.05 //reactance of transformer with their own kva

+pb=pa2;vbg=va2;vbt=vpt2;//assumeing base quantoties

+xtn1=xt1*pb/pa1 ;xtn2=xt2*pb/pa2 //transformer reactance with new base

+xgn1=xg1*pb/pa1;xgn2=xg2*pb/pa2

+xn1=xtn1+xgn1;xn2=xtn2+xgn2  //reactancee up to fault from each generator

+xn=(xn1*xn2)/(xn1+xn2)  //equalent reactance between generator and fault

+sckva=pb/xn ; //short circuit KVA

+disp('(a)')

+printf(" equivalent reactance is %.4f p.u \n short circuit KVA %dKVA",xn,sckva)

+disp('(b)')

+sccb=sckva/(vst1*sqrt(3))

+sccg1=sccb*(xn2/(xn1+xn2))*vst1/vpt1

+sccg2=sccb*(xn1/(xn1+xn2))*vst2/vpt2

+printf(" short circuit current on bus bar side %.1fA \n short circuit current of generator 1 is %.1fA \n short circuit current of generator 2 is %.1fA \n",sccb,sccg1,sccg2)

diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.2/example13_2.txt b/416/CH13/EX13.2/example13_2.txt
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d2c6a5a5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.2/example13_2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+ 

+ example 13.2   

+ 

+ (a)   

+ equivalent reactance is 0.3787 p.u 

+ short circuit KVA 79220KVA 

+ (b)   

+ short circuit current on bus bar side 346.5A 

+ short circuit current of generator 1 is 1908.6A 

+ short circuit current of generator 2 is 2249.4A 

+ 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.3/example13_3.sce b/416/CH13/EX13.3/example13_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..454a2f6cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.3/example13_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+clc

+clear

+disp('example 13.3')

+pa1=20000 ;pa2=30000  //kva in in 3 ph power

+va1=11    ;va2=11  //voltage in kilo volts

+pt1=20000 ;pt2=30000//kva of 3 ph transformer

+vpt1=11   ;vpt2=11//voltage of primery of transformer

+vst1=132  ;vst2=132//voltage of secondary of transformer

+xg1=0.5  ;xg2=0.65   //reactance of generator

+xt1=0.05 ;xt2=0.05 //reactance of transformer with their own kva

+pb=pa2;vbg=va2;vbt=vpt2;//assumeing base quantoties

+xtn1=xt1*pb/pa1 ;xtn2=xt2*pb/pa2 //transformer reactance with new base

+xgn1=xg1*pb/pa1;xgn2=xg2*pb/pa2

+xn1=xtn1+xgn1;xn2=xtn2+xgn2  //reactancee up to fault from each generator

+xn=(xn1*xn2)/(xn1+xn2)  //equalent reactance between generator and fault

+sckva=pb/xn ; //short circuit KVA

+pf=50000  //fault kva rating

+xf=pb/pf  //reactance from fault

+xx=xf*xn1/(xn1-xf)

+x=xx-xn2 //reactance to be added 

+bi=(vst1^2)*1000/(pb)

+xo=x*bi

+printf(" reactance to be added in circuit of generator 2 have %.1f p.u. \n reactance in ohms %.1f",x,xo)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.3/example13_3.txt b/416/CH13/EX13.3/example13_3.txt
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..df936f279
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.3/example13_3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+  

+ example 13.3   

+ reactance to be added in circuit of generator 2 have 1.5 p.u. 

+ reactance in ohms 871.2 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.4/example13_4cpp.sce b/416/CH13/EX13.4/example13_4cpp.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e7179fe77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.4/example13_4cpp.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+clc

+clear

+disp('example 13.4')

+pa=50;xgb=0.5;xb=0.1;//given power,reactance of generator

+x1=xgb+xb;

+x=x1*x1*xgb/(x1*x1+x1*xgb+x1*xgb)

+f=pa/x

+printf(" total reactance %.4f.p.u \n fault MVA %.1fMVA",x,f)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.4/example13_4cpp.txt b/416/CH13/EX13.4/example13_4cpp.txt
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..aa70645b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.4/example13_4cpp.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+ 

+ example 13.4   

+ total reactance 0.1875.p.u 

+ fault MVA 266.7MVA 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.5/example13_5nc.sce b/416/CH13/EX13.5/example13_5nc.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..70a7bf79f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.5/example13_5nc.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+clc

+clear

+disp('example13_5')

+vb=33

+pb=20;zb=vb^2/pb   //base voltage and base power

+pa1=10;pa2=10;xa1=0.08;xa2=0.08;  //given power and reactance for different branches

+pbb=20;xb=0.06;pc=15;xc=0.12;pd=20;xd=0.08;

+xab=2.17;xbc=3.26;xcd=1.63;xda=4.35;

+xap1=xa1*pb/pa1;

+xap2=xa2*pb/pa2;xap=xap1*xap2/(xap1+xap2)

+xbp=xb*pb/pbb;

+xcp=xc*pb/pc;

+xdp=xd*pb/pd;    //generators reactance in per unit

+xabp=round(xab*100/zb)/100;

+xbcp=round(xbc*100/zb)/100;

+xcdp=round(xcd*100/zb)/100;

+xdap=round(xda*100/zb)/100  //reactance in per unit between bus

+function [s1,s2,s3]=del2star(d12,d23,d31)

+    dsum=d12+d23+d31

+    s1=d12*d31/(dsum)

+    s2=d12*d23/(dsum)

+    s3=d31*d23/dsum

+endfunction

+function [d12,d31,d23]=star2del(s1,s2,s3)

+    d12=s1+s2+(s1*s2)/s3

+    d23=s2+s3+(s2*s3)/s1

+    d31=s3+s1+(s3*s1)/s2

+endfunction

+[xac,xrc,xra]=star2del(xcdp,xdap,xdp)

+rc=xrc*xcp/(xrc+xcp)

+ra=xra*xap/(xra+xap)

+[xpr,xpc,xpa]=del2star(xac,rc,ra)

+xf1=xbcp+xpc

+xf2=xpr+xabp

+xf=xf1*xf2/(xf1+xf2)

+xfr=xf+xpa

+xx=xfr*xbp/(xfr+xbp)

+netr=xx //net reactance

+fkva=pb*1000/xx

+printf("the rating of circuit breaker should be %d KVA, or %d MVA",fkva,fkva/1000)

diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.5/example13_5nc.txt b/416/CH13/EX13.5/example13_5nc.txt
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..050535bc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.5/example13_5nc.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+  

+ example13_5   

+the rating of circuit breaker should be 671200 KVA, or 671 MVA 

+ 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.6/example13_6c.sce b/416/CH13/EX13.6/example13_6c.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c819f75df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.6/example13_6c.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+clc

+clear

+disp('example 13_6')

+p=150 //given ,power

+v=11 //given voltage

+xg=0.12 //reactance of generator

+xb=0.08 //reactance of line

+scca=1/xg

+ms=scca^2

+sccb=1/(xg+xb)

+ms1=sccb^2

+disp('a')

+printf("short circuit current is %.3fp.u \n ratio of mechanical stress on short circuit to aech. stresses on full load %.2f",scca,ms)

+disp('b')

+printf("short circuit current is with reactor %.3fp.u \n ratio of mechanical stress on short circuit to aech. stresses on full load with reactor %.f",sccb,ms1)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.6/example13_6c.txt b/416/CH13/EX13.6/example13_6c.txt
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7b1681a68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.6/example13_6c.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+example 13_6   

+ 

+ a   

+short circuit current is 8.333p.u 

+ ratio of mechanical stress on short circuit to aech. stresses on full load 69.44 

+ b   

+short circuit current is with reactor 5.000p.u 

+ ratio of mechanical stress on short circuit to aech. stresses on full load with reactor 25 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.7/example13_7pp.sce b/416/CH13/EX13.7/example13_7pp.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9766ed60e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.7/example13_7pp.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+clc

+clear

+disp('example13_7')

+xf=complex(0,0.04)

+pf=0.8;ph=acosd(pf)

+v=1;i=1;//let v and i

+vb=v+i*xf*(complex(cosd(ph),-sind(ph)))

+iv=vb-abs(v);

+printf("bus bar voltage %.4f.p.u at angle %.1f\n increase in voltage %.4f =%.4fpersent",abs(vb),atand(imag(vb)/real(vb)),iv,iv*100)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.7/example13_7pp.txt b/416/CH13/EX13.7/example13_7pp.txt
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..12f1a1d6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.7/example13_7pp.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+ 

+  

+ example13_7   

+bus bar voltage 1.0245.p.u at angle 1.8

+ increase in voltage 0.0240 =2.4000persent 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.8/example13_8c.sce b/416/CH13/EX13.8/example13_8c.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4b93bdc37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.8/example13_8c.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+clc

+clear

+disp('example 13 8');

+p1=30;x1=0.3 //power and reactance of different sets

+p2=30;x2=0.3

+p3=20;x3=0.3

+l=10 ;xl=0.04

+pb=p1;xp3=x3*pb/p3

+tr=(xp3*x1*x2)/(xp3*x1+xp3*x2+x1*x2)

+sc=pb/tr

+disp('a')

+printf("total reactance %.4f p.u \n short circuit MVA on l.v.bus %.2fMVA",tr,sc)

+disp('b')

+xlp=xl*pb/l

+trr=tr+xlp

+scc=pb/trr

+printf("total reactance seen from h.v.side of transformer %.2fp.u \n short circuit MVA %.2fMVA",trr,scc)

diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.8/example13_8c.txt b/416/CH13/EX13.8/example13_8c.txt
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..eafce43be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.8/example13_8c.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+

+ example 13 8   

+ 

+ a   

+total reactance 0.1125 p.u 

+ short circuit MVA on l.v.bus 266.67MVA 

+ b   

+total reactance seen from h.v.side of transformer 0.23p.u 

+ short circuit MVA 129.03MVA 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.9/example13_9pp.sce b/416/CH13/EX13.9/example13_9pp.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..700fac4f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.9/example13_9pp.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+clc

+clear

+disp("example 13 9")

+p1=30;x1=0.15;p2=10;x2=0.125;

+pt=10;vs=3.3;pm=100

+pb=p1 //let base as power of unit 1

+x22=x2*pb/p2;x11=x1*pb/p1

+xx=1/((1/x22)+(1/x11)+(1/x11))

+xl=(pb/pm)-xx

+xt2=xl*pt/pb

+bi=vs^2/pt

+xtt=xt2*bi

+disp('a')

+printf("reactance of transformer is %.4f.p.u \n reactance of transformer on %dMVA base is %.5fp.u. \n reactance of transformer %.4fohm",xl,pt,xl,xtt)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/416/CH13/EX13.9/example13_9pp.txt b/416/CH13/EX13.9/example13_9pp.txt
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..df7f470b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/416/CH13/EX13.9/example13_9pp.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+ 

+ example 13 9   

+ 

+ a   

+reactance of transformer is 0.2375.p.u 

+ reactance of transformer on 10MVA base is 0.23750p.u. 

+ reactance of transformer 0.0862ohm 
\ No newline at end of file