initial commit / add all books

14 files changed, 389 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.1/Example3_1.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.1/Example3_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5d95b7781
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.1/Example3_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//Example 3.1

+//Program to Determine 

+//(a)Overall signal attenuation

+//(b)Signal attenuation per kilometer

+//(c)Overall signal attenuation for 10 km optical link with splices 

+//(d)Numerical Input/Output power ratio

+

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data

+Pi=120;          //uW - INPUT OPTICAL POWER

+Po=3;            //uW - OUTPUT OPTICAL POWER

+L=8;             //km - FIBER LENGTH

+

+//(a)Overall signal attenuation

+Alpha_dB_L=10*log10(Pi/Po);

+

+//(b)Signal attenuation per kilometer

+Alpha_dB=Alpha_dB_L/L;

+

+//(c)Overall signal attenuation for 10 km optical link with splices 

+A=Alpha_dB*10+9;

+

+//(d)Numerical Input/Output power ratio

+Pi_by_Po=10^(round(A)/10);

+

+//Displaying the Results in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t (a)Overall signal attenuation is %1.0f dB.",Alpha_dB_L);

+printf("\n\n\t (b)Signal attenuation per kilometer is %1.0f dB/km.",Alpha_dB);

+printf("\n\n\t (c)Overall signal attenuation for 10 km optical link with splices is %1.0f dB.",A);

+printf("\n\n\t (d)Numerical Input/Output power ratio is %0.1f.",Pi_by_Po);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.10/Example3_10.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.10/Example3_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e798502bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.10/Example3_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+//Example 3.10

+//Program to estimate

+//(a)RMS pulse broadening per kilometer

+//(b)Bandwidth-Length product for the fiber

+

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data

+NA=0.3 ;         //NUMERICAL APERTURE

+n1=1.45;         //CORE REFRACTIVE INDEX 

+M=250*10^(-6);   //s/km^2 - MATERIAL DISPERSION PARAMETER 

+sigma_lambda=50*10^(-9); //metre - RMS SPECTRAL WIDTH

+L=1;             //km - LENGTH OF OPTICAL LINK

+c=2.998*10^8;    //m/s - VELOCITY OF LIGHT IN VACCUM

+

+//RMS pulse broadening /km due to material dispersion

+sigma_m=sigma_lambda*L*M;

+

+//RMS pulse broadening /km due to intermodal dispersion

+sigma_s=L*NA^2/(4*sqrt(3)*n1*c);

+

+//(a)Total RMS pulse broadening /km

+sigma_t=sqrt(sigma_m^2+sigma_s^2);

+

+//(b)Bandwidth-Length product

+BoptXL=0.2/sigma_t;

+

+//Displaying the Results in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t Total RMS pulse broadening per kilometer is %0.1f ns/km.",sigma_t/10^(-12));

+printf("\n\n\t Bandwidth-Length product is %0.1f MHz km.",BoptXL/10^(9));
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.11/Example3_11.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.11/Example3_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cc25eb039
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.11/Example3_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+//Example 3.11

+//Program to compare the total first order dispersion and determine 

+//waveguide dispersion

+

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data

+lambda0=1310;           //nm - ZERO DISPERSION WAVELENGTH 

+So=0.09*10^(-12);       //s/nm^2/km - DISPERSION SLOPE

+

+//Dt at 1280nm

+lambda1=1280;           //nm - OPERATING WAVELENGTH 

+Dt1=lambda1*So/4*(1-(lambda0/lambda1)^4);

+

+//Dt at 1550nm

+lambda2=1550;           //nm - OPERATING WAVELENGTH 

+Dt2=lambda2*So/4*(1-(lambda0/lambda2)^4);

+

+//Waveguide Dispersion at 1550nm

+Dm=13.5*10^(-12);       //s/nm/km - MATERIAL DISPERSION 

+Dp=0.4*10^(-12);        //s/nm/km - PROFILE DISPERSION

+Dw=Dt2-(Dm+Dp);

+

+//Displaying the Results in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t Dt(1280nm) = %0.1f ps/nm/km.",Dt1/10^(-12));

+printf("\n\n\t Dt(1550nm) = %0.1f ps/nm/km.",Dt2/10^(-12));

+printf("\n\n\t Dw = %0.1f ps/nm/km.",Dw/10^(-12));
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.12/Example3_12.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.12/Example3_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e892d49c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.12/Example3_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//Example 3.12

+//Program to determine modal birefringence, coherence length and difference between propagation constants for the two orthogonal modes 

+

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data

+lambda=0.9*10^(-6);   //metre - PEAK WAVELENGTH 

+Lb=9*10^(-2);         //metre - BEAT LENGTH

+del_lambda=1*10^(-9); //metre - SPECTRAL LINE WIDTH

+

+//Modal Birefringence

+Bf=lambda/Lb;

+

+//Coherence Length

+Lbc=lambda^2/(Bf*del_lambda);

+

+//Difference between propagation constants for the two orthogonal 

+//modes 

+Bx_minus_By=2*%pi/Lb;

+

+//Displaying the Results in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t The Modal birefringence  is %1.0f X 10^(-5) .",Bf/10^(-5));

+printf("\n\n\t The Coherence Length is %d m.",round(Lbc));

+printf("\n\n\t The difference between propagation constants for the two orthogonal modes is %0.1f .",Bx_minus_By);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.13/Example3_13.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.13/Example3_13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2fed9064e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.13/Example3_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Example 3.13

+//Program to determine fiber birefringence for given beat lengths

+//(1)Lb = 0.7 mm

+//(2)Lb = 80 m

+

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data

+lambda=1.3*10^(-6); //metre - OPERATING WAVELENGTH 

+

+//Part (1)

+Lb1=0.7*10^(-3);    //metre - BEAT LENGTH

+Bf1=lambda/Lb1;

+

+//Part (2)

+Lb2=80;             //metre - BEAT LENGTH

+Bf2=lambda/Lb2;

+

+//Displaying the Results in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t The fiber birefringence for Lb = 0.7 mm is %0.2f X 10^(-3) which is high.",Bf1/10^(-3));

+printf("\n\n\t The fiber birefringence for Lb = 80 m is %0.2f X 10^(-8) which is low.",Bf2/10^(-8));
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.14/Example3_14.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.14/Example3_14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..64b12e32c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.14/Example3_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//Example 3.14

+//Program to determine the mode coupling parameter for the fiber

+

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data

+L=3.5*10^3;        //metre - LENGTH

+CT=-27;            //dB - POLARIZATION CROSSTALK

+

+//Mode coupling parameter for the fiber

+h=(10^(CT/10))/L; //as tan(h*L)=h*L for small values

+

+//Displaying the Result in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t The mode coupling parameter for the fiber is %0.1f X 10^(-7)/m.",h/10^(-7));
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.2/Example3_2.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.2/Example3_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b3e9f9902
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.2/Example3_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+//Example 3.2

+//Program to Determine Theoretical attenuation in dB/km due to fundamental rayleigh scattering at optical wavelengths:

+//(a)0.63um

+//(b)1.00um

+//(c)1.30um

+

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data

+n=1.46;             //REFRACTIVE INDEX

+p=0.286;            //PHOTOELASTIC COEFFICIENT

+Bc=7*10^(-11);      //m^2/N - ISOTHERMAL COMPRESSIBILITY

+K=1.381*10^(-23);   //J/K - BOLTZMANN's CONSTANT

+Tf=1400;            //Kelvin - FICTIVE TEMPERATURE

+l=1000;             //metre - FIBER LENGTH

+

+//(a)Attenuation in dB/km due to fundamental rayleigh scattering at 0.63um

+lambda=0.63*10^(-6);             //metre - WAVELENGTH

+Gamma_R=8*(%pi)^3*n^8*p^2*Bc*K*Tf/(3*lambda^4);

+L_km1=exp(-Gamma_R*l)

+A1=10*log10(1/L_km1);

+

+//(b)Attenuation in dB/km due to fundamental rayleigh scattering at 1.00um

+lambda=1.00*10^(-6);             //metre - WAVELENGTH

+Gamma_R=8*(%pi)^3*n^8*p^2*Bc*K*Tf/(3*lambda^4);

+L_km2=exp(-Gamma_R*l)

+A2=10*log10(1/L_km2);

+

+//(c)Attenuation in dB/km due to fundamental rayleigh scattering at 1.30um

+lambda=1.30*10^(-6);             //metre - WAVELENGTH

+Gamma_R=8*(%pi)^3*n^8*p^2*Bc*K*Tf/(3*lambda^4);

+L_km3=exp(-Gamma_R*l)

+A3=10*log10(1/L_km3);

+

+//Displaying the Results in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t (a)Attenuation in dB/km due to fundamental rayleigh scattering at 0.63um = %0.1f dB/km.",A1);

+printf("\n\n\t (b)Attenuation in dB/km due to fundamental rayleigh scattering at 1.00um = %0.1f dB/km.",A2);

+printf("\n\n\t (c)Attenuation in dB/km due to fundamental rayleigh scattering at 1.30um = %0.1f dB/km.",A3);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.3/Example3_3.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.3/Example3_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a2cb8671a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.3/Example3_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Example 3.3

+//Program to compare the threshold optical powers for stimulated 

+//Brillouin and Raman Scattering

+

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data

+alpha_dB=0.5;       //dB/km - ATTENUATION

+lambda=1.3;         //micrometre - OPERATING WAVELENGTH

+d=6;                //micrometre - FIBER CORE DIAMETER

+nu=0.6;             //GHz    - LASER SOURCE BANDWIDTH    

+

+//Threshold optical power for SBS

+Pb=4.4*10^(-3)*(d^2)*(lambda^2)*alpha_dB*nu;

+

+//Threshold optical power for SRS

+Pr=5.9*10^(-2)*d^2*lambda*alpha_dB;

+

+//Displaying the Results in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t The threshold optical power for SBS is %0.1f mW.",Pb*10^3);

+printf("\n\n\t The threshold optical power for SRS is %0.2f W.",Pr);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.4/Example3_4.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.4/Example3_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..08165c97c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.4/Example3_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+//Example 3.4

+//Program to estimate critical radius of curvature at which large 

+//bending loss occur

+

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data for part (a)

+n1=1.500;        //metre - LENGTH

+delta=0.03;      //*100 percent - RELATIVE REFRACTIVE INDEX DIFFERENCE

+lambda=0.82*10^(-6); //metre - OPERATING WAVELENGTH

+

+//Calculation of the radius of curvature of Multi Mode fiber

+n2=sqrt(n1^2-2*delta*n1^2);

+Rc=3*n1^2*lambda/(4*%pi*(n1^2-n2^2)^(3/2));

+

+//Given data for part (b)

+n1=1.500;        //metre - LENGTH

+delta=0.003;     //*100 percent - RELATIVE REFRACTIVE INDEX DIFFERENCE

+lambda=1.55*10^(-6); //metre - OPERATING WAVELENGTH

+d=8*10^(-6);     //metre - CORE DIAMETER

+

+//Calculation of the radius of curvature of Single Mode fiber

+n2=sqrt(n1^2-2*delta*n1^2);

+a=d/2;

+lambda_c=2*%pi*a*n1*sqrt(2*delta)/2.405;

+Rcs=20*lambda*(2.748-0.996*lambda/lambda_c)^(-3)/(n1-n2)^(3/2);

+

+//Displaying the Results in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t (a)The radius of curvature of Multi Mode fiber is %1.0f um.",Rc/10^(-6));

+printf("\n\n\t (b)The radius of curvature of Single Mode fiber is %1.0f mm.",Rcs/10^(-3));
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.5/Example3_5.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.5/Example3_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..00fbd8d00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.5/Example3_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//Example 3.5

+//Program to estimate 

+//(a)The maximum possible bandwidth on the link assuming no ISI

+//(b)The pulse dispersion per unit length

+//(c)The bandwidth-length product for the fiber

+

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data

+tau=0.1*10^(-6); //second - TOTAL PULSE BROADENING

+L=15;            //km - DISTANCE

+

+//(a)The maximum possible bandwidth on the link assuming no ISI

+B_opt=1/(2*tau);

+

+//(b)The pulse dispersion per unit length

+Dispersion=tau/L;

+

+//(c)The bandwidth-length product for the fiber

+B_optXL=B_opt*L;

+

+//Displaying the Results in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t (a)The maximum possible bandwidth on the link assuming no ISI is %1.0f MHz.",B_opt/10^6);

+printf("\n\n\t (b)The pulse dispersion per unit length is %0.2f ns/km.",Dispersion/10^(-9));

+printf("\n\n\t (c)The bandwidth-length product for the fiber is %1.0f MHz km.",B_optXL/10^6);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.6/Example3_6.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.6/Example3_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c4e1372af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.6/Example3_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Example 3.6

+//Program to estimate Material dispersion parameter and rms pulse 

+//broadening per kilometer

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data

+lambda=0.85*10^(-6);    //metre - WAVELENGTH

+L=1;                    //km - DISTANCE

+MD=0.025;//MATERIAL DISPERSION = mod(lamda^2*[del^2(n1)/del(lamda)^2) 

+c=2.998*10^8;           //m/s - VELOCITY OF LIGHT IN VACCUM

+sigma_lambda=20*10^(-9);//metre - RMS SPECTRAL WIDTH 

+

+//Material Dispersion Parameter

+M=MD/(lambda*c);

+

+//R.M.S. pulse broadening per kilometer

+sigma_m=sigma_lambda*L*M;

+

+//Displaying the Results in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t Material Dispersion Parameter is %0.1f ps/nm/km.",M*10^6);

+printf("\n\n\t R.M.S. pulse broadening per kilometer is %0.2f ns/km.",sigma_m/10^(-12));
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.7/Example3_7.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.7/Example3_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..081047e80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.7/Example3_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//Example 3.7

+//Program to estimate rms pulse broadening per kilometer for the fiber

+

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data

+lambda=0.85*10^(-6);    //metre - WAVELENGTH

+L=1;                    //km - DISTANCE

+MD=0.025;//MATERIAL DISPERSION = mod(lamda^2*[del^2(n1)/del(lamda)^2) 

+c=2.998*10^8;           //m/s - VELOCITY OF LIGHT IN VACCUM

+sigma_lambda_by_lambda=0.0012;// sigma_lambda/lambda

+

+//Material Dispersion Parameter

+M=MD/(lambda*c);

+

+//R.M.S. Spectral Width

+sigma_lambda=sigma_lambda_by_lambda*lambda;

+

+//R.M.S. pulse broadening per kilometer

+sigma_m=sigma_lambda*L*M;

+

+//Displaying the Result in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t R.M.S. pulse broadening per kilometer is %0.2f ns/km.",sigma_m/10^(-12));
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.8/Example3_8.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.8/Example3_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..178599d54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.8/Example3_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+//Example 3.8

+//Program to estimate 

+//(a)The delay difference between the slowest and fastest modes at the fiber output

+//(b)The rms pulse broadening due to intermodal dispersion on the link

+//(c)The maximum bit rate  

+//(d)Bandwidth-length product corresponding to (c)

+

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data

+delta=0.01;      //*100 percent - RELATIVE REFRACTIVE INDEX DIFFERENCE

+L=6;             //km - LENGTH OF OPTICAL LINK

+n1=1.5;          //CORE REFRACTIVE INDEX 

+c=2.998*10^8;    //m/s - VELOCITY OF LIGHT IN VACCUM

+

+//(a)The delay difference between the slowest and fastest modes at the fiber output

+del_Ts=L*n1*delta/c;

+

+//(b)The rms pulse broadening due to intermodal dispersion on the link

+sigma_s=L*n1*delta/(2*sqrt(3)*c);

+

+//(c)The maximum bit rate  

+Bt=1/(2*del_Ts);

+//Improved maximum bit rate  

+Bti=0.2/sigma_s;

+

+//(d)Bandwidth-length product corresponding to (c)

+BoptXL=Bti*L;

+

+//Displaying the Results in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t (a)The delay difference between the slowest and fastest modes at the fiber output is %1.0f ns.",del_Ts/10^(-12));

+printf("\n\n\t (b)The rms pulse broadening due to intermodal dispersion on the link is %0.1f ns.",sigma_s/10^(-12));

+printf("\n\n\t (c)The maximum bit rate is %0.1f Mbit/s and improved bit rate is %0.1f Mbit/s.",Bt/10^(9),Bti/10^(9));

+printf("\n\n\t (d)Bandwidth-length product is %0.1f MHz km.",BoptXL/10^(9));
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/401/CH3/EX3.9/Example3_9.sce b/401/CH3/EX3.9/Example3_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e97565ee9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/401/CH3/EX3.9/Example3_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//Example 3.9

+//Program to compare rms pulse broadening per kilometer due to 

+//intermodal dispersion for multimode step index fiber with that of 

+//near parabolic graded index fiber 

+

+clear;

+clc ;

+close ;

+

+//Given data

+delta=0.01;      //*100 percent - RELATIVE REFRACTIVE INDEX DIFFERENCE

+L=1;             //km - LENGTH OF OPTICAL LINK

+n1=1.5;          //CORE REFRACTIVE INDEX 

+c=2.998*10^8;    //m/s - VELOCITY OF LIGHT IN VACCUM

+

+//RMS pulse broadening /km due to intermodal dispersion for MMSI Fiber

+sigma_s=L*n1*delta/(2*sqrt(3)*c);

+

+//RMS pulse broadening /km for near parabolic graded index fiber

+sigma_g=L*n1*delta^2/(20*sqrt(3)*c);

+

+//Displaying the Results in Command Window

+printf("\n\n\t RMS pulse broadening per kilometer due to intermodal dispersion for MMSI Fiber is %0.1f ns/km.",sigma_s/10^(-12));

+printf("\n\n\t RMS pulse broadening per kilometer for near parabolic graded index fiber is %0.1f ps/km.",sigma_g/10^(-15));
\ No newline at end of file