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12 files changed, 438 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/3773/CH15/EX15.1/Ex15_1.sce b/3773/CH15/EX15.1/Ex15_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..505688201
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3773/CH15/EX15.1/Ex15_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Chapter 15: Antennas for Special Applications
+//Example 15-2.1
+clc;
+
+//Variable Initialization
+frequency = 100e3    //Frequency (Hz)
+height = 150    //Height of antenna(m)
+RL = 2          //Loss resistance (ohm)
+c = 3e8         //Speed of light (m/s)
+
+//Calculations
+wave_lt = c/frequency    //Wavelength (m)
+hp = height/wave_lt //Antenna (physical) height (lambda)
+he = hp/2           //Effective height (lambda)
+
+Rr = 400*(hp**2)  //Radiation resistance (ohm)
+
+R_E = Rr/(Rr+RL)        //Radiation efficiency (unitless)
+
+//Results
+mprintf("The Effective height of the antenna is %.3f lambda", he)
+mprintf("\nThe Radiation resistance for 150m vertical radiator is %d ohm", Rr)
+mprintf("\nThe radiation efficiency is %.2f or %.2f percent", R_E,R_E*100)
diff --git a/3773/CH15/EX15.10/Ex15_10.sce b/3773/CH15/EX15.10/Ex15_10.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..159ce003e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3773/CH15/EX15.10/Ex15_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+//Chapter 15: Antennas for Special Applications
+//Example 15-20.3
+clc;
+
+//Variable Initialization
+f = 30e9        //Frequency (Hz)
+Tr = 300        //Receiver temperature (K)
+Ta = 275        //Satellite antenna temperature (K)
+r = 1400e3      //Height (m)
+c = 3e8         //Speed of light(m/s)
+bw = 9.6e3      //Bandwidth per channel (Hz)
+rcp_gain = 10   //RCP satellite gain (dBi)
+rain_att = 10   //Rain attenuation (dB)
+k = 1.4e-23 //Boltzmann's constant (J/K)
+snr = 10    //Required SNR (dB)
+ap_eff = 0.7    //Aperture efficiency (unitless)
+Ta_2 = 10       //Dish antenna temperature (K)
+
+//Calculations
+wave_lt = c/f       //Wavelength (m)
+Ld = (wave_lt/(4*%pi*r))**2 //Spatial loss factor(unitless)
+Ld_db = 10*log10(Ld)    //Spatial loss factor(dB)
+Tsys = Ta+Tr        //System temperature (K)
+
+N = k*Tsys*bw   //Propagation loss due to rain (W)
+N = 10*log10(N) //Propagation loss due to rain (dB)
+
+Dr = -rcp_gain + snr - Ld_db + N + rain_att //Antenna gain (dB)
+Dr = 10**(Dr/10)    //Antenna gain (unitless)
+
+Dr_req = Dr/ap_eff   //Required antenna gain (unitless)
+Dr_req_db = 10*log10(Dr_req)   //Required antenna gain (dB)
+
+dish_dia = 2*wave_lt*sqrt(Dr_req/28)    //Required diameter of dish (m)
+
+hpbw = sqrt(40000/Dr_req)   //Half power beam width (degrees)
+
+Tsys2 = Ta_2 + Tr   //System temperature(K)
+N2 = k*Tsys2*bw     //Propagation loss due to rain(W)
+N2 = 10*log10(N2)   //Propagation loss due to rain(dB)
+
+Pt_db = snr - Dr_req_db - rcp_gain + N2 - Ld_db + rain_att         //Transmitted power (dB)
+Pt = 10**(Pt_db/10)
+
+//Results
+mprintf("The Uplink antenna gain required is %d dB",Dr_req_db)
+mprintf("\nThe Required dish size %.3f m",dish_dia)
+mprintf("\nThe HPBW is %.1f degrees",hpbw)
+mprintf("\nThe Downlink satellite power required is %.3f W", Pt)
diff --git a/3773/CH15/EX15.11/Ex15_11.sce b/3773/CH15/EX15.11/Ex15_11.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9356a5643
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3773/CH15/EX15.11/Ex15_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//Chapter 15: Antennas for Special Applications
+//Example 15-21.1
+clc;
+
+//Variable Initialization
+dia = 1000    //Diameter of asteroid (m)
+prc = 0.4     //Power reflection coefficient of asteroid (unitless)
+f = 4e9       //Frequency (Hz)
+P = 1e9       //Power (W)
+s = 20e3      //Asteroid speed (m/s)
+ast_dis = 0.4    //Distance of asteroid (AU)
+au = 1.5e11     //Astronomical Unit (m)
+c = 3e8       //Speed of light (m/s)
+k = 1.38e-23    //Boltzmann's constant (m^2 kg s^-2 K^-1)
+Tsys = 10      //System temperature (K)
+B = 1e6     //Bandwidth (Hz)
+snr = 10    //Signal to noise ratio (dB)
+eap = 0.75    //Aperture efficiency (unitless)
+
+sigma = prc*%pi*s**2    //Radar cross section (m^2)
+ast_dm = au*ast_dis    //Astroid distance (m)
+lmda = c/f     //Wavelength(m)
+
+d4 = (64*(lmda**2)*(ast_dm**4)*k*Tsys*B*snr)/((eap**2)*%pi*(sigma)*P)
+d = d4**(0.25)    //Diameter of dish (m)
+
+delf = 2*s/lmda    //Doppler shift (Hz)
+delt = 2*(ast_dm)/c    //Time delay (s)
+
+timp = ast_dm/s    //Time before impact (s) 
+
+
+//Result
+mprintf("The diameter of the dish is %.0f m",d)
+mprintf("\nThe doppler shift is %.1f Hz",delf)
+mprintf("\nThe time delay for the radar signal is %d s", delt)
+mprintf("\nThe time before impact is %d s", timp)
diff --git a/3773/CH15/EX15.12/Ex15_12.sce b/3773/CH15/EX15.12/Ex15_12.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d19f679e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3773/CH15/EX15.12/Ex15_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//Chapter 15: Antennas for Special Applications
+//Example 15-26.1
+clc;
+
+//Variable Initialization
+t1 = 0.3e-9     //Echo time off the top of pavement (s)
+t2 = 2.4e-9     //Echo time off bottom of pavement (s)
+t3 = 14.4e-9    //Echo time off bottom of water pocket (s)
+er_1 = 4        //Relative permittivity of pavement (unitless)
+er_2 = 81       //Relative permittivity of water pocket (unitless)
+c = 3e8         //Speed of light (m/s)
+
+//Calculations
+d1 = (t2-t1)*c/(2*sqrt(er_1))
+d2 = (t3-t2)*c/(2*sqrt(er_2))
+
+//Result
+mprintf("The thickness of pavement is %.2f m",d1)
+mprintf("\nThe thickness of water pocket is %.1f m",d2)
diff --git a/3773/CH15/EX15.2/Ex15_2.sce b/3773/CH15/EX15.2/Ex15_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..78686640d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3773/CH15/EX15.2/Ex15_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+//Chapter 15: Antennas for Special Applications
+//Example 15-4.1
+clc;
+
+//Variable Initialization
+eps_r1 = 16    //Real part of relative permittivity of ground (unitless)
+sigma = 1e-2    //conductivity of ground (mho per meter)
+eps_0 = 8.85e-12    //Air permittivity (F/m)
+f1 = 1e6       //Frequency (Hz)
+f2 = 100e6     //Frequency (Hz)
+
+//Calculation
+eps_r11 = sigma/(2*%pi*f1*eps_0)    //Loss part of relative permittivity for f1 (unitless)
+eps_r11_2 = sigma/(2*%pi*f2*eps_0)    //Loss part of relative permittivity for f2 (unitless)
+
+eps_ra = eps_r1 -(%i)*eps_r11    //Relative permittivity for f1 (unitless)
+eps_rb = eps_r1 -(%i)*eps_r11_2    //Relative permittivity for f2 (unitless)
+
+n1 = sqrt(eps_ra)    //Refractive index for f1 (unitless)
+n2 = sqrt(eps_rb)    //Refractive index for f2 (unitless)
+
+E_perp1t=[]
+E_perp2t=[]
+
+for i=0:%pi/180:%pi/2
+E_perp1 = [1 + (abs((sin(i) - n1)/(sin(i)+n1))*exp(%i*(2*%pi*sin(i) + ((sin(i) - n1)/(sin(i)+n1)))))]    
+E_perp2 = [1 + (abs((sin(i) - n2)/(sin(i)+n2))*exp(%i*(2*%pi*sin(i) + ((sin(i) - n2)/(sin(i)+n2)))))]
+E_perp1t($+1)=E_perp1
+E_perp2t($+1)=E_perp2
+end
+
+E_perp1_rel = E_perp1/(E_perp1t)    //Relative electric field for f1 (unitless)
+
+E_perp2_rel = E_perp2/(E_perp2t)    //Relative electric field for f2 (unitless)
+
+
+//Result
+mprintf("The loss parameter for 1MHz is %.0f", eps_r11)
+mprintf("\nThe loss parameter for 100MHz is %.1f", eps_r11_2)
+mprintf("\nThe relative permittivity for 1MHz is (%d%.0fj)", eps_ra,imag(eps_ra))
+mprintf("\nThe relative permittivity for 100MHz is (%d%.1fj)", eps_rb,imag(eps_rb))
diff --git a/3773/CH15/EX15.3/Ex15_3.sce b/3773/CH15/EX15.3/Ex15_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9cf97010a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3773/CH15/EX15.3/Ex15_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+//Chapter 15: Antennas for Special Applications
+//Example 15-12.1
+clc;
+
+//Variable Initialization
+f = 60e6    //Frequency(Hz)
+dep = 20    //Depth of antenna location (m)
+sigma = 1.33e-2    //Conductivity (mho per m)
+eps0 = 8.85e-12    //Air Permittivity (F/m)
+epr1 = 80    //Real part of relative permittivity (unitless)
+alphat = 10    //Elevation angle (degrees)
+cl = 1    //Circumference (lambda)
+%pitch = 12.5    //%pitch angle (degrees)
+c = 3e8    //Speed of light (m/s)
+
+dir_gb = 3    //Directivity of George Brown turnstile (unitless)
+Aer_gb = 6    //Effective aperture of George Brown turnstile (unitless)
+r = 1e3    //Distance between transmitter and receiver (m)
+Pt = 100    //Transmitted power (W)
+
+//Calculations
+epr11 = sigma/(eps0*2*%pi*f)    //Loss term of relative permittivity (unitless)
+epr = epr1 + %i*epr11    //Relative permittivity (unitless)
+alphac = acos(sqrt(1/epr1))    //Critical angle (degrees)
+alpha = acos(cos((alphat)*%pi/180)/sqrt(epr1))    //Angle of incidence (degrees)
+
+n1=12    //Number of turns
+rad = cl/(2*%pi)    //Radius of loop (lambda)
+sl = tan((12.5)*%pi/180)
+hpbw1 = 52/(cl*sqrt(n1*sl))    //Half power beamwidth for 12 turns(degrees)
+dir1 = 12*(cl**2)*n1*sl    //Directivity for 12 turns (unitless)
+n2 = n1*2    //Number of turns
+hpbw2 = 52/(cl*sqrt(n2*sl))    //Half power beamwidth for 24 turns(degrees)
+dir2 = 12*(cl**2)*n2*sl    //Directivity for 24 turns (unitless)
+num = 20    //Number of turns chosen
+
+p_perpt=[]
+p_pallt=[]
+for i=0:%pi/180:%pi
+p_perp = [(sin(i)-sqrt(epr - cos(i)**2))/(sin(i)+sqrt(epr - cos(i)**2))]
+p_pall = [(epr*sin(i)-sqrt(epr - cos(i)**2))/(epr*sin(i)+sqrt(epr - cos(i)**2))]
+p_perpt($+1)=p_perp
+p_pallt($+1)=p_pall
+end
+
+Sr = 0.5*((p_perpt)**2 + (p_pallt)**2)    //Relative power density reflected (unitless)
+St = 1 - Sr     //Relative power density transmitted (unitless)
+
+theta = 0:%pi/180:%pi
+
+subplot(1,2,1)
+plot(theta,St)
+title("Relative Power Vs Elevation Angle")
+
+subplot(1,2,2)
+polarplot(theta,real(St))
+title("Pattern of Transmission")
+
+wave_lt = c/f    //Wavelength (m)
+diam = wave_lt/(sqrt(epr1)*%pi)    //Submerged helix diameter (m)
+att_cons = (%pi*epr11)/(wave_lt*sqrt(epr1))    //Attenuation constant for water (Np/m)
+att_d = 20*log10(exp(-att_cons*dep))    //Attenuation in the water path (dB)
+Dir = 12*(cl**2)*num*sl    //Directivity for 20 turn helix (unitless)
+Ae = Dir*(wave_lt**2)/(4*%pi)    //Effective aperture (m^2)
+
+Pr = Pt*Ae*dir_gb/((r**2)*(wave_lt**2))    //Received power(W)
+
+loss_inter = 10*log10(St(10))    //Loss at the interface for alpha = 83.68 (dB)
+tot_loss = abs(att_d + loss_inter)    //Total loss (dB)
+Pr_act = Pr/(10**(ceil(tot_loss)/10))    //Net Actual received power (W)
+
+
+//Results
+mprintf("Half power beamwidth for 12 turns is %.0f degrees",hpbw1)
+mprintf("\nDirectivity for 12 turns is %.1f", dir1)
+mprintf("\nHalf power beamwidth for 24 turns is %.0f degrees",hpbw2)
+mprintf("\nDirectivity for 24 turns is %.1f", dir2)
+mprintf("\nA helix of %d turns is chosen for reasonable compromise",num)
+mprintf("\nThe signal level at the distance of 1km is %.2e W",Pr_act)
diff --git a/3773/CH15/EX15.4/Ex15_4.sce b/3773/CH15/EX15.4/Ex15_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e806a6e7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3773/CH15/EX15.4/Ex15_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//Chapter 15: Antennas for Special Applications
+//Example 15-13.1
+clc;
+
+//Variable Initialization
+fre = 3e9  //Frequency (Hz)
+Re_Zc = 14.4e-3 //Real part of intrinsic impedance of copper (ohm)
+Zd = 377    //Intrinsic impedance of air (ohm)
+
+//Calculation
+tau = atan(Re_Zc/Zd)*180/%pi //Tilt angle (degrees)
+
+//Result
+mprintf("The tilt angle is %.4f degrees",tau)
diff --git a/3773/CH15/EX15.5/Ex15_5.sce b/3773/CH15/EX15.5/Ex15_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c8eefd833
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3773/CH15/EX15.5/Ex15_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//Chapter 15: Antennas for Special Applications
+//Example 15-13.2
+clc;
+
+//Variable Initialization
+fre = 3e9  //Frequency (Hz)
+eps_r = 80  //Relative permittivity of water (unitless)
+
+//Calculation
+tau = atan(1/sqrt(eps_r))*180/%pi //Forward Tilt angle (degrees)
+
+//Result
+mprintf("The forward tilt angle is %.1f degrees",tau)
diff --git a/3773/CH15/EX15.6/Ex15_6.sce b/3773/CH15/EX15.6/Ex15_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..599d34322
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3773/CH15/EX15.6/Ex15_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//Chapter 15: Antennas for Special Applications
+//Example 15-13.3
+clc;
+
+//Variable Initialization
+lambda_g = 1.5      //Wavelength in guide (lambda)
+m = -1  //Mode number
+
+//Calculation
+phi = acos((1/lambda_g)+m)*180/%pi //Forward tilt angle (degrees)
+
+//Result
+mprintf("The beam angle is %.1f degrees",phi)
diff --git a/3773/CH15/EX15.7/Ex15_7.sce b/3773/CH15/EX15.7/Ex15_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ef436f8f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3773/CH15/EX15.7/Ex15_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//Chapter 15: Antennas for Special Applications
+//Example 15-14.1
+clc;
+
+//Variable Initialization
+fre = 4e9      //Frequency (Hz)
+T_sys = 100     //System Temperature (K)
+S_N = 20        //Signal to Noise ratio (dB)
+bandwidth = 30e6    //Bandwidth (Hz)
+P_trans = 5     //Satellite transponder power (W)
+dia = 2         //Satellite parabolic dish diameter (m)
+sat_spacing = 2 //Spacing between satellites (degrees)
+r = 36000e3       //Downlink distance (m)
+k = 1.38e-23    //Boltzmann's constant (J/K)
+c = 3e8         //Speed of light (m/s)
+
+//Calculation
+wave_lt = c/fre
+s_n = (wave_lt**2)/(16*(%pi**2)*(r**2)*k*T_sys*bandwidth)    
+s_n = 10*log10(s_n)     //Signal to noise ratio for isotropic antennas (dB)
+
+Ae = 0.5*%pi*(dia**2)/4      //Effective Aperture (m^2)
+Gs = 4*%pi*Ae/(wave_lt**2)   
+Gs = 10*log10(Gs)       //Antenna Gain (dB)
+
+Ge = 20 - s_n - Gs - 10*log10(P_trans) //Required earth station antenna gain(dB)
+Ae_e = (10**(Ge/10))*(wave_lt**2)/(4*%pi)       //Required earth station effective aperture (m^2)
+Ap = Ae_e*2     //Required Physical aperture (m^2)
+
+De = 2*sqrt(Ap/%pi)      //Required diameter of earth-station antenna(m)
+hpbw = 65/(De/wave_lt)     //Half power beam width (degree)
+bwfn = 145/(De/wave_lt)    //Beamwidth between first null (degree)
+
+//Results
+mprintf("The Required parabolic dish diameter of earth station antenna is %.1f m",De)
+mprintf("\nThe Half power beamwidth is %.1f degrees",hpbw)
+mprintf("\nThe Beamwidth between first null is %.1f",bwfn)
diff --git a/3773/CH15/EX15.8/Ex15_8.sce b/3773/CH15/EX15.8/Ex15_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a6e4c53cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3773/CH15/EX15.8/Ex15_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+//Chapter 15: Antennas for Special Applications
+//Example 15-20.1
+clc;
+
+//Variable Initialization
+Tr = 45     //Satellite receiver temperature (K)
+rcp_gain = 6    //Right circularly polarized antenna gain (dBi)
+rcp_quad_gain = 3   //RCP gain of quadrifilar helix antenna (dBi)
+bandwidth = 9.6e3   //Bandwidth (Hz)
+snr = 10        //Required Signal-to-Noise ratio (dB)
+c = 3e8     //Speed of light (m/s)
+f = 1.65e9  //Frequency (Hz)
+r = 780e3   //Distance to the satellite (m)
+Ta = 300    //Antenna temperature (K)
+k = 1.4e-23 //Boltzmann's constant (J/K)
+theta = 10  //Zenith angle (degree)
+Tr_handheld = 75    //Hand held receiver temperature (K)
+Tsky = 6        //Sky Temperature (K)
+theta_horz = 80 //Zenith angle for horizontal dipole (degree)
+
+//Calculations
+wave_lt = c/f       //Wavelength (m)
+Ld = (wave_lt/(4*%pi*r))**2 //Spatial loss factor(unitless)
+Ld_db = 10*log10(Ld)    //Spatial loss factor(dB)
+Tsys_up = Ta + Tr      //Satellite system temperature (K)
+N = k*Tsys_up*bandwidth    //Noise power(W)
+N_db = 10*log10(N)      //Noise power (dB)
+E_vert = cos(%pi*cos(theta*%pi/180)/2)/sin(theta*%pi/180)       //Pattern factor for vertical lambda/2 dipole (unitless)
+E_vert_db = 20*log10(E_vert)
+Pt_vert_up = snr - (2.15 + (E_vert_db) - 3) - rcp_gain + ceil(N_db) - floor(Ld_db)           //Uplink power for vertical lambda/2 antenna (dB)
+Pt_vert_up = 10**(Pt_vert_up/10)               //Uplink power for vertical lambda/2 antenna (W)
+Ta_down = 0.5*(Ta)+0.5*(Tsky)+3   //Downlink antenna temperature (K)
+Tsys_down = Ta_down + Tr_handheld   //System temperature(K)
+N_down = k*Tsys_down*bandwidth  //Noise power (W)
+N_down_db = 10*log10(N_down)    //Noise power (dB)
+Pt_vert_down = snr -(2.15+ (E_vert_db) - 3) -      rcp_gain + ceil(N_down_db) - floor(Ld_db)        //Downlink power for vertical lambda/2 antenna (dB)
+Pt_vert_down = 10**(Pt_vert_down/10)         //Downlink power for vertical lambda/2 antenna (W)
+E_horz = cos(%pi*cos(theta_horz*%pi/180)/2)/sin(theta_horz*%pi/180)        //Pattern factor for horizontal lambda/2 dipole (unitless)
+E_horz_db = (20*log10(E_horz))
+Pt_horz_up = snr -(2.15 + E_horz_db - 3) - rcp_gain + round(N_db) - round(Ld_db)          //Uplink power for horizonal lambda/2 dipole (dB)
+Pt_horz_up = 10**(Pt_horz_up/10)       //Uplink power for horizonal lambda/2 dipole (W)
+Pt_horz_down = snr -(2.15 + E_horz_db - 3) -    rcp_gain + round(N_down_db) - round(Ld_db)          //Downlink power for horizonal lambda/2 dipole (dB)
+Pt_horz_down = 10**(Pt_horz_down/10)      //Downlink power for horizonal lambda/2 dipole (W)
+Pt_quad_up = snr -(rcp_quad_gain + E_horz_db) -    rcp_gain + round(N_db) - round(Ld_db)          //Uplink power for RCP quadrifilar helix antenna (dB)
+Pt_quad_up = 10**(Pt_quad_up/10)      //Uplink power for RCP quadrifilar helix antenna (W)
+Ta_quad = 0.85*(Tsky) + 0.15*(Ta) //Downlink antenna temperature (K)
+Tsys_quad = Ta_quad + Tr_handheld   //System temperature(K)
+N_quad = k*Tsys_quad*bandwidth  //Noise power (W)
+N_quad_db = 10*log10(N_quad)    //Noise power (dB)
+Pt_quad_down = snr -(rcp_quad_gain + E_horz_db) -  rcp_gain + round(N_quad_db) - round(Ld_db)          //Downlink power for RCP quadrifilar helix antenna (dB)
+Pt_quad_down = 10**(Pt_quad_down/10)      //Downlink power for RCP quadrifilar helix antenna (W)
+
+
+//Results
+mprintf("The Uplink power for vertical lambda/2 dipole is %.1f W",Pt_vert_up)
+mprintf("\nThe Uplink power for horizontal lambda/2 dipole is %.3f W",Pt_horz_up)
+mprintf("\nThe Uplink power for RCP quadrifilar helix antenna is %.3f W",Pt_quad_up)
+mprintf("\nThe Downlink power for vertical lambda/2 dipole is %.1f W",Pt_vert_down)
+mprintf("\nThe Downlink power for horizontal lambda/2 dipole is %.3f W",Pt_horz_down)
+mprintf("\nThe Downlink power for RCP quadrifilar helix antenna is %.3f W",Pt_quad_down)
diff --git a/3773/CH15/EX15.9/Ex15_9.sce b/3773/CH15/EX15.9/Ex15_9.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..102b382ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3773/CH15/EX15.9/Ex15_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+//Chapter 15: Antennas for Special Applications
+//Example 15-20.2
+clc;
+
+//Variable Initialization
+f = 1.6e9       //Frequency (Hz)
+r = 1400e3      //Height (m)
+r_sep = 3500e3    //Height for 10 degree seperation (m)
+c = 3e8         //Speed of light(m/s)
+Ta = 300        //Satellite antenna temperature (K)
+Tr = 45         //Satellite receiver temperature (K)
+k = 1.3e-23     //Boltzmann's constant (J/K)
+bandwidth = 9.6e3   //Bandwidth (Hz)
+snr = 6         //Signal to noise ratio (dB)
+rcp_gain = 3    //Helix gain(dB)
+beam_angle = 25 //RCP spot beam (degree)
+Tsky = 6        //Sky Temperature (K)
+Tr_handheld = 75    //Hand held receiver temperature (K)
+
+
+//Calculations
+wave_lt = c/f       //Wavelength (m)
+Ld = (wave_lt/(4*%pi*r))**2  
+Ld = 10*log10(Ld)       //Propagation loss factor (dB)
+sat_gain = 40000/(beam_angle**2)
+sat_gain = 10*log10(sat_gain)   //Satellite gain (dB)
+
+Tsys = Ta+Tr        //System temperature (K)
+N = k*Tsys*bandwidth    //Noise power (W)
+N_db = 10*log10(N)      //Noise power (dB)
+
+Pt_up = snr - (rcp_gain) - (sat_gain) + N_db - Ld   //Uplink power (dB)
+Pt_up = 10**(Pt_up/10)      //Uplink power (W)
+
+Ta_quad = 0.85*(Tsky) + 0.15*(Ta) //Downlink antenna temperature (K)
+Tsys_quad = Ta_quad + Tr_handheld   //System temperature(K)
+N_quad = k*Tsys_quad*bandwidth  //Noise power (W)
+N_quad_db = 10*log10(N_quad)    //Noise power (dB)
+
+Pt_down = snr - (rcp_gain) - (sat_gain) + round(N_quad_db) - round(Ld)                                  //Downlink power (dB)
+Pt_down = 10**(Pt_down/10)      //Downlink power (W)
+
+Ld_sep = (wave_lt/(4*%pi*r_sep))**2  
+Ld_sep = 10*log10(Ld_sep)   //Propagation loss factor(dB)
+
+Pt_sep = snr - (rcp_gain) - sat_gain + ceil(N_db) - round(Ld_sep)                                //Uplink power (dB)
+Pt_sep = 10**(Pt_sep/10)        //Uplink power (W)
+
+//Results
+mprintf( "The Satellite gain is %.1f dB",sat_gain)
+mprintf( "\nThe Uplink power required is %.3f W", Pt_up)
+mprintf( "\nThe Downlink power required is %.4f W",Pt_down)
+mprintf( "\nThe Uplink power required for 10 deg. from horizon is %.3f W",Pt_sep)