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11 files changed, 145 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/3557/CH19/EX19.1/Ex19_1.sce b/3557/CH19/EX19.1/Ex19_1.sce
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+//Example 19.1//

+

+t=0;//time

+y=100;//nm//thickness of oxide coating

+c4=1;//given

+c5=y^2-c4*t;//substituting value in the equation

+mprintf("c5 = %e nm^2",c5)

+//For

+t1=1;//h //hour //time

+y1=200;//nm //thickness of oxide coating

+c4=y1^2-c5 //substituting values in the equation

+mprintf("\nc4 = %e nm^2/h",c4)

+//Then

+t2=24;//h//hour //time

+y2=c4*t2+c5

+mprintf("\ny2 = %e nm^2",y2)

+mprintf("\nor y=854nm (=0.854 mew m) ")

diff --git a/3557/CH19/EX19.10/Ex19_10.sce b/3557/CH19/EX19.10/Ex19_10.sce
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index 000000000..5f5d5b5cc
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+++ b/3557/CH19/EX19.10/Ex19_10.sce
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+//Example19.10//

+

+k=45*10^-3;// wear coefficient

+P=50;//Kg //Kilograms //Load

+x=5;//mm //millimeter //distance

+H=235;//kg/mm^2 //hardness of the surface being worn away

+V=(k*P*x)/(3*H)

+mprintf("V = %f mm^3",V)

+//As the volume of a hemisphere is (1/12)*pi*d^3

+a=12; //volume of hemisphere

+d=nthroot(((a*V)/%pi),3)

+mprintf("\nd = %f mm ",d)

diff --git a/3557/CH19/EX19.11/Ex19_11.sce b/3557/CH19/EX19.11/Ex19_11.sce
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index 000000000..0ac07ca4c
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+//Example 19.11//
+
+EK=(-7112);//eV // the innermost electron orbital shell
+EL=(-708);//eV // the innermost electron next shell
+Eka=abs(EK-EL)
+mprintf("Eka = %i eV",Eka)
+EM=(-53);//eV //heavier electrons
+Ekb=abs(EK-EM)
+mprintf("\nEkb = %i eV",Ekb)
+EKLL=abs(EK-EL)-abs(EL)
+mprintf("\nEKLL = %i eV",EKLL)
+
diff --git a/3557/CH19/EX19.2/Ex19_2.sce b/3557/CH19/EX19.2/Ex19_2.sce
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index 000000000..207c6bac6
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+++ b/3557/CH19/EX19.2/Ex19_2.sce
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+//Example19.2//

+

+a=2; //Number of atoms

+b=63.55;//amu //atomic mass of copper //(From Appendix 1)

+c=16.00;//amu //atomic mass of Oxygen //(From Appendix 1)

+d=8.93;//density

+e=6.00;//Mg/m^3 //density of Cu2O

+R=([(a*b)+c]*d)/(a*b*e);//Pilling-Bedworth

+disp(R)

diff --git a/3557/CH19/EX19.3/Ex19_3.sce b/3557/CH19/EX19.3/Ex19_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0a5db1129
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3557/CH19/EX19.3/Ex19_3.sce
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+//Example19.3//

+

+//The current indicates a flow rate of electrons

+a=10*10^-3;//C/s // coulomb per second

+b=1;//electron

+c=0.16*10^-18;//C //1 Coulomb of charge

+I=a*b/c

+mprintf("I = %e electrons/s",I)

+

+//As the oxidation of each iron atom generates two electrons

+d=1;//reaction

+e=2;//electrons

+r=I*d/e

+mprintf("\nr = %e reaction/s",r)

diff --git a/3557/CH19/EX19.4/Ex19_4.sce b/3557/CH19/EX19.4/Ex19_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f883f3763
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+++ b/3557/CH19/EX19.4/Ex19_4.sce
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+//Example 19.4//

+

+//(a)

+mprintf("Inspection of Table 19.2 indicates that zinci is anodic to iron. Therefore zinci will be corroded")

+

+//(b)Again using Table 19.2 the voltage will be

+b=(-0.763);//V //Electrode  potential versus normal hydrogen at 25 degree C //(From the table)

+a=(-0.440);//V ///Electrode  potential versus normal hydrogen at 25 degree C

+voltage=a-b

+mprintf("\nvoltage = %f V",voltage)

diff --git a/3557/CH19/EX19.5/Ex19_5.sce b/3557/CH19/EX19.5/Ex19_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d27fcafff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3557/CH19/EX19.5/Ex19_5.sce
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+//Example 19.5//

+

+a=100;//g Fe //corrosion

+b=55.85;//g Fe/g atom Fe // Atomic mass of iron (From Appendix 1)

+c=1/2;//mole O2 //Given

+d=1;//mole Fe //Given

+m=(a/b)*(c/d)

+mprintf("m = %f mole O2",m)

+

+//Using ideal gas law, we obtain

+//At STP

+n=0.895;//mole //number of moles

+R=8.314;//J/mol K //gas constant

+T=273;//K //Temperature of the gas

+a1=1;//atm //atmosphere

+b1=1;//Pa //Pascal

+P=9.869*10^-6;//atm // atmosphere //pressure of the gas

+V=(n*R*T)/(a1*b1/P)

+mprintf("\n V= %f m^3",V)

diff --git a/3557/CH19/EX19.6/Ex19_6.sce b/3557/CH19/EX19.6/Ex19_6.sce
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index 000000000..409a90ab9
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+++ b/3557/CH19/EX19.6/Ex19_6.sce
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+//Example 19.6//

+

+a=0.000;//V //volt //standard state potential for the hydrogen half cell

+b=(-0.763);//V //volt //standard state potential for the zinci half cell

+V0=a-b

+mprintf("V0 = %f V",V0)

+n=2;//As two electrons  are transferred per Zn atom

+V=0.45;//V //Cell voltage

+c=(-0.059);//From the formula

+pH=((V-V0)*n)/(c*n)

+mprintf("\npH = %f ",pH)

+

diff --git a/3557/CH19/EX19.7/Ex19_7.sce b/3557/CH19/EX19.7/Ex19_7.sce
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index 000000000..b24f2e68c
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+++ b/3557/CH19/EX19.7/Ex19_7.sce
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+//Example 19.7//

+

+f1=24.31;//g //atomic mass of magnesium

+e=0.6023*10^24;//atoms //Avogardo's Number

+q=0.16*10^-18;// C/electron  //1 coulomb of charge

+a=2;//kg //Kilogram //sacrificial anode of magnesium

+b=3;// months //period

+c=1000;//g //gram

+d=1;//kg //kilogram

+f=2;//electrons/atom

+h=1;//month //period

+a1=31;//d //days //period

+a3=1;//d //days //period

+b1=24;//h //hours //time

+b2=1;//h //hours //time

+c1=3600;//s //seconds //time

+d1=1;//A //ampere //current

+e1=1;// C/s //coloumb per second

+current=(a/b)*(c/d)*(e/f1)*f*q*(h/a1)*(a3/b1)*(b2/c1)*(d1/e1)

+mprintf("current %f A ",current)

diff --git a/3557/CH19/EX19.8/Ex19_8.sce b/3557/CH19/EX19.8/Ex19_8.sce
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index 000000000..2f1d455b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3557/CH19/EX19.8/Ex19_8.sce
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+//Example 19.8//

+

+b=0.09;//V //constant equal to slope of the electrochemical potential plot

+i=1;//A/m^2 //corresponding current density

+i0=10^-3// A/m^2 //standard state current density

+n=b*log10(i/i0)

+mprintf("n = %f V",n)

+

+//Giving an electrochemical potential at 1A/m^2 of

+a=(-0.763);//V //standard state potential for the zinci half cell

+V=a+n

+mprintf("\nV = %f V",V)

diff --git a/3557/CH19/EX19.9/Ex19_9.sce b/3557/CH19/EX19.9/Ex19_9.sce
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index 000000000..96968f541
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+++ b/3557/CH19/EX19.9/Ex19_9.sce
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+//Example 19.9//

+

+h=(0.6626*10^-33);//J s //Joule-second //Planck's Constant

+c=(0.2998*10^9);//m/s //meters per second //speed of light

+l=400*10^-9;//m //meters // Wavelength

+a=6.242*10^18;//eV/J //1 Coulomb of charge

+E=((h*c)/l)*a

+mprintf("E = %f eV",E)