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diff --git a/317/CH15/EX15.1/example1.sce b/317/CH15/EX15.1/example1.sce
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+// find diode current

+// Electronic Principles

+// By Albert Malvino , David Bates

+// Seventh Edition

+// The McGraw-Hill Companies

+// Example 15-1, page 524

+

+clear; clc; close;

+

+// Given data

+Vb=10;// breakover voltage of the diode

+V=15;// input voltage in volts

+Ih=4*10^-3;// holding current in amperes

+Vd=0.7 ;// voltage across diode in volts

+R=100;// resistance in ohms

+

+// Calculations

+// as V>Vb ,the diode breaks over .Taking into consideration the voltage across the diode

+I=(V-Vd)/R;// diode current in amperes 

+disp("Amperes",I,"diode current=")

+

+// Result

+// Diode current is 143 mAmperes
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diff --git a/317/CH15/EX15.1/example1.txt b/317/CH15/EX15.1/example1.txt
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+Diode current is 143 mAmperes
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diff --git a/317/CH15/EX15.4/example4.sce b/317/CH15/EX15.4/example4.sce
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+// find input and supply voltage for the SCR

+// Electronic Principles

+// By Albert Malvino , David Bates

+// Seventh Edition

+// The McGraw-Hill Companies

+// Example 15-4, page 531

+

+clear; clc; close;

+

+// Given data

+Vgt=0.75 ;// gate trigger voltage in volts

+Igt=7*10^-3;// gate trigger current in amperes

+Rg=10^3;// in ohms

+Rl=100;// in ohms

+Ih=6*10^-3;// holding current in amperes

+

+// Calculations

+Vin=Vgt + (Igt*Rg);// input voltage in volts

+Vcc=0.7 + (Ih*Rl);// supply voltage in volts

+disp("Volts",Vin,"Input voltage=")

+disp("Volts",Vcc,"Supply voltage=")

+

+// Result

+// Minimum input voltage needed to trigger the SCR is 7.75 Volts

+// Supply voltage that turns off the SCR is 1.3 Volts
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diff --git a/317/CH15/EX15.4/example4.txt b/317/CH15/EX15.4/example4.txt
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+Minimum input voltage needed to trigger the SCR is 7.75 Volts

+Supply voltage that turns off the SCR is 1.3 Volts
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diff --git a/317/CH15/EX15.5/example5.sce b/317/CH15/EX15.5/example5.sce
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+// find peak output voltage and frequency

+// Electronic Principles

+// By Albert Malvino , David Bates

+// Seventh Edition

+// The McGraw-Hill Companies

+// Example 15-5, page 532

+

+clear; clc; close;

+

+// Given data

+R1=900;// from the figure in ohms

+R2=100;// from the figure in ohms

+Vgt=1 ;// gate trigger voltage in volts

+Igt=200*10^-6;// gate trigger current in amperes

+C=0.2*10^-6;// capacitance in faraday

+R=50;// thevenin resistance facing the capacitance when the SCR is off

+

+// Calculations

+Rth=R1*R2/(R1+R2);// thevenin resistance

+Rg=Rth;// in ohms 

+Vin=Vgt + (Igt*Rg);// input voltage in volts

+Vpeak=10*Vin;// because of 10:1 voltage divider, the output voltage is 10(Vin)

+T=0.2*R*C ;// period of sawtooth is 20% of time constant in seconds

+f=1/T;// frequency in Hertz

+disp("Volts",Vpeak,"Peak output voltage=")

+disp("hertz",f,"frequency=")

+

+// Results

+// Peak output voltage is 10.1 Volts

+// Frequency is 50 KHertz
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diff --git a/317/CH15/EX15.5/example5.txt b/317/CH15/EX15.5/example5.txt
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+Peak output voltage is 10.1 Volts

+Frequency is 50 KHertz
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diff --git a/317/CH15/EX15.6/example6.sce b/317/CH15/EX15.6/example6.sce
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+++ b/317/CH15/EX15.6/example6.sce
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+// find supply voltage 

+// Electronic Principles

+// By Albert Malvino , David Bates

+// Seventh Edition

+// The McGraw-Hill Companies

+// Example 15-6, page 536

+

+clear; clc; close;

+

+// Given dataVz=5.6;// breakdown voltage in volts

+Vgt=0.75;// gate trigger voltage in volts

+Vz=5.6;// breakdown voltage in volts

+

+// Calculations

+Vcc=Vz+Vgt;// overvoltage firing the SCR in volts

+disp("Volts",Vcc,"Supply voltage=")

+

+// Results

+// Supply voltage that turns the crowbar is 6.35 volts
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diff --git a/317/CH15/EX15.6/example6.txt b/317/CH15/EX15.6/example6.txt
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+Supply voltage that turns the crowbar is 6.35 volts
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diff --git a/317/CH15/EX15.8/example8.sce b/317/CH15/EX15.8/example8.sce
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+// find current through the resistor

+// Electronic Principles

+// By Albert Malvino , David Bates

+// Seventh Edition

+// The McGraw-Hill Companies

+// Example 15-8, page 546

+

+clear; clc; close;

+

+// Given data

+R1=82;// givenin ohms

+R2=22;// given in ohms

+Vgt=75;//  in volts

+

+// Calculations

+// Ideally the triac has 0 voltas across it when conducting 

+I=Vgt/R2;// current through 22 ohm resistor in amperes

+disp("Amperes",I,"current through 22 ohm resistor=")

+

+// Results

+// Current through the 22 ohm resistor is 3.41 Amperes
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diff --git a/317/CH15/EX15.8/example8.txt b/317/CH15/EX15.8/example8.txt
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+Current through the 22 ohm resistor is 3.41 Amperes
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