initial commit / add all books

18 files changed, 514 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e36dc8d13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.1/Ex4_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+l = 10.0       //Length of 1-phase line(km)
+d = 100.0      //Spacing b/w conductors(cm)
+r = 0.3        //Radius(cm)
+u_r_1 = 1.0    //Relative permeability of copper
+u_r_2 = 100.0  //Relative permeability of steel
+
+// Calculation Section
+r_1 = 0.7788*r                                  //Radius of hypothetical conductor(cm)
+L_1 = 4 * 10**(-7) * log(d/r_1)            //Loop inductance(H/m)
+L_T1 = L_1 * l * 10**6                          //Total loop inductance(mH)
+
+L_2 = 4 * 10**(-7) * (log(d/r) + (u_r_2/4))//Loop inductance(H/m)
+L_T2 = L_2 * l * 10**6                          //Total loop inductance(mH)
+
+// Result Section
+printf('(i) Total loop inductance of copper conductor = %.2f mH' ,L_T1)
+printf('(ii)Total loop inductance of steel conductor = %.2f mH' ,L_T2)
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b7643bd1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.10/Ex4_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+
+// calculation of GMD , Dm
+// Dab = (da1b1 * da1b2 * da2b1 * da2b2)*(1/4) = (gkkg)^(1/2) = sqrt(gk)
+// Inductance/phase  = 2 * 10^-7 log ( Dm / Ds)
+
+printf("Inductance/phase = 2 * 10^-7 / 3 * log(g^2*k^2*h*d/(r^3*f^2*m)) H/m")
+
+// Capacitance/phase = 2*%pi*%e/( log(Dm/Ds))
+
+disp("Capacitance/phase = 6*%pi*%e / (log(g^2*k^2*h*d/(r^3*f^2*m))) F/m")
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.11/Ex4_11.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.11/Ex4_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..389ae6129
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.11/Ex4_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+h = 5        //Height of conductor above ground(m)
+d = 1.5      //Conductor spacing(m)
+r = 0.006    //Radius of conductor(m)
+
+// Calculation Section
+C_AB = %pi * 8.854*10**-9/log(d/(r*(1+((d*d)/(4*h*h)))**0.5))  //Capacitance with effect of earth(F/km)
+C_AB1 = %pi * 8.854*10**-9/log(d/r)                            //Capacitance ignoring effect of earth(F/km)
+ch = (C_AB - C_AB1)/C_AB * 100                                          //Change in capacitance with effect of earth(%)
+
+
+// Result Section
+printf('Line capacitance with effect of earth , C_AB = %.3e F/km' ,C_AB)
+printf('Line capacitance ignoring effect of earth , C_AB = %.3e F/km' ,C_AB1)
+printf('With effect of earth slight increase in capacitance = %.1f percent' ,ch)
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.12/Ex4_12.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.12/Ex4_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..960dd8d18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.12/Ex4_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+R = 0.16             //Resistance(ohm)
+L = 1.26*10**(-3)    //Inductance(H)
+C = 8.77*10**(-9)    //Capacitance(F)
+l = 200.0            //Length of line(km)
+P = 50.0             //Power(MVA)
+pf = 0.8             //Lagging power factor
+V_r = 132000.0       //Receiving end voltage(V)
+f = 50.0             //Frequency(Hz)
+
+// Calculation Section
+w = 2 * %pi * f
+z = complex(R, w*L)        //Series impedance per phase per km(ohm)
+y = complex(0, w*C)        //Shunt admittance per phase per km(mho)
+
+g = (y*z)**(0.5)           //propagation constant(/km)
+gl = g * l
+Z_c = (z/y)**(0.5)         //Surge impedance(ohm)
+
+cosh_gl = cosh(gl)
+sinh_gl = sinh(gl)
+
+A = cosh_gl
+B = Z_c * sinh_gl
+C = (sinh_gl/Z_c)
+D = cosh_gl
+
+fi = acos(pf)                                           //Power factor angle(radians)
+V_R = V_r/(3**0.5)                                           //Receiving end voltage(V)
+I_R = (P*10**6/((3**0.5)*V_r))*(pf - complex(0,sin(fi)))//Receiving end current(A)
+V_S = (A*V_R + B*I_R)                                        //Sending end voltage(V/phase)
+V_S_L = V_S * (3**0.5)*10**-3                                //Sending end line voltage(kV)
+I_S = C*V_R + D*I_R                                          //Sending end current(A)
+pf_S = cos((phasemag(I_S)*%pi/180) - (phasemag(V_S)*%pi/180))         //Sending end power factor
+P_S = abs(V_S*I_S)*pf_S*10**-6                               //Sending end power/phase(MW)
+P_R = (P/3)*pf                                               //Receiving end power/phase(MW)
+P_L = 3*(P_S - P_R)                                          //Total line loss(MW)
+
+
+// Result Section
+printf('Sending end voltage , V_S = %.2f∠%.2f° kV/phase' ,abs(V_S*10**-3),phasemag(V_S))
+printf('Sending end line voltage = %.2f kV' ,abs(V_S_L))
+printf('Sending end current , I_S = %.2f∠%.2f° A' ,abs(I_S),phasemag(I_S))
+printf('Sending end power factor = %.2f lagging' ,pf_S)
+printf('Total transmission line loss = %.3f MW' ,P_L)
+printf('NOTE : Answers are slightly different because of rounding error.')
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.13/Ex4_13.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.13/Ex4_13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fd5a300c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.13/Ex4_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+R = 0.1      //Resistance/phase/km(ohm)
+D_m = 800.0  //Spacing b/w conductors(cm)
+d = 1.5      //Diameter of each conductor(cm)
+l = 300.0    //Length of transmission line(km)
+f = 50.0     //Frequency(Hz)
+
+// Calculation Section
+L = 2*10**(-4)*log(D_m*2/d)                //Inductance/phase/km(H)
+C = 2*%pi*8.854*10**(-9)/log(D_m*2/d)  //Capacitance/phase/km(F)
+w = 2 * %pi * f
+z = complex(R, w*L)                             //Series impedance per phase per km(ohm/km)
+y = complex(0, w*C)                             //Shunt admittance per phase per km(mho/km)
+g = (y*z)**(0.5)                                //propagation constant(/km)
+gl = g * l
+Z_c = (z/y)**(0.5)                              //Surge impedance(ohm)
+sinh_gl = sinh(gl)
+tanh_gl = tanh(gl/2)
+Z_S = Z_c * sinh_gl                             //Series impedance(ohm)
+Y_P = (1/Z_c)*tanh(gl/2)                  //Pillar admittance(mho)
+
+// Result Section
+printf('Values of equivalent-pi network are :')
+printf('Series impedance , Z_S = (%.2f + j%.2f) ohm' ,real(Z_S),imag(Z_S))
+printf('Pillar admittance , Y_P = %.2e∠%.2f° mho = j%.2e mho' ,abs(Y_P),phasemag(Y_P),imag(Y_P))
+printf('NOTE : Answers are slightly different because of rounding error.')
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.14/Ex4_14.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.14/Ex4_14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b7248a223
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.14/Ex4_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+V_r = 220000.0   //Voltage(V)
+P = 100.0        //Power(MW)
+r = 0.08         //Series resistance(ohm)
+x = 0.8          //Series reactance(ohm)
+s = 6.0*10**(-6) //Shunt susceptance(mho)
+pf = 0.8         //Power factor lagging
+l_1 = 60.0       //Transmission length(km) for case(i)
+l_2 = 200.0      //Transmission length(km) for case(ii)
+l_3 = 300.0      //Transmission length(km) for case(iii)
+l_4 = 500.0      //Transmission length(km) for case(iv)
+
+// Calculation Section
+z = complex(r,x)                                                   //Series impedance/km(ohm)
+y = complex(0,s)                                                   //Shunt admittance/km(mho)
+theta_R = acos(pf)
+P_R = P/3                                                          //Active power at receiving end/phase(MW)
+Q_R = (P/3)*tan(theta_R)                                      //Reactive power at receiving end/phase(MVAR)
+V_R = V_r/(3**0.5)                                                 //Receiving end voltage/phase(V)
+I_R = P*10**6/((3**0.5)*V_r*pf)*(pf - complex(0,sin(theta_R)))//Receiving end current(A)
+Z_c = (z/y)**(0.5)                                                 //Surge impedance(ohm)
+
+A_1 = 1                                                 //Constant A
+B_1 = z*l_1                                             //Constant B(ohm)
+C_1 = 0                                                 //Constant C(mho)
+D_1 = A_1                                               //Constant D
+V_S_1 = A_1*V_R + B_1*I_R                               //Sending end voltage(V/phase)
+I_S_1 = I_R                                             //Sending end current(A)
+theta_S_1 = (phasemag(I_S_1)*%pi/180) - (phasemag(V_S_1)*%pi/180)     //Sending end power factor
+P_S_1 = abs(V_S_1*I_S_1)*cos(theta_S_1)*10**-6     //Sending end power(MW)
+n_1 = (P_R/P_S_1)*100                                   //Transmission efficiency(%)
+reg_1 = (abs(V_S_1/A_1) - V_R)/V_R*100                  //Regulation(%)
+Q_S_1 = V_S_1 * conj(I_S_1)*10**-6                //Sending end reactive power(MVAR)
+Q_line_1 = imag(Q_S_1) - Q_R                             //Reactive power absorbed by line(MVAR)
+
+Z_S_2 = z*l_2
+Y_P_2 = y*l_2/2
+A_2 = 1 + Y_P_2*Z_S_2
+B_2 = Z_S_2
+C_2 = Y_P_2*(2 + Y_P_2*Z_S_2)
+D_2 = A_2
+V_S_2 = A_2*V_R + B_2*I_R              //Sending end voltage(V/phase) 
+I_S_2 = C_2*V_R + D_2*I_R              //Sending end current(A)
+S_S_2 = V_S_2*conj(I_S_2)*10**-6 //Sending end complex power(MVA)
+P_S_2 = real(S_S_2)                     //Power at sending end(MW)
+n_2 = (P_R/P_S_2)*100                  //Transmission efficiency(%)
+reg_2 = (abs(V_S_2/A_2) - V_R)/V_R*100 //Regulation(%)
+Q_line_2 = imag(S_S_2) - Q_R            //Reactive power absorbed by line(MVAR)
+
+g_3 = (y*z)**(0.5)                     //propagation constant(/km)
+gl_3 = g_3 * l_3
+cosh_gl_3 = cosh(gl_3)
+sinh_gl_3 = sinh(gl_3)
+A_3 = cosh_gl_3
+B_3 = Z_c * sinh_gl_3
+C_3 = sinh_gl_3/Z_c
+D_3 = cosh_gl_3
+V_S_3 = A_3*V_R + B_3*I_R              //Sending end voltage(V/phase) 
+I_S_3 = C_3*V_R + D_3*I_R              //Sending end current(A)
+S_S_3 = V_S_3*conj(I_S_3)*10**-6 //Sending end complex power(MVA)
+P_S_3 = real(S_S_3)                     //Power at sending end(MW)
+n_3 = (P_R/P_S_3)*100                  //Transmission efficiency(%)
+reg_3 = (abs(V_S_3/A_3) - V_R)/V_R*100 //Regulation(%)
+Q_line_3 = imag(S_S_3) - Q_R            //Reactive power absorbed by line(MVAR)
+
+g_4 = (y*z)**(0.5)                     //propagation constant(/km)
+gl_4 = g_4 * l_4
+cosh_gl_4 = cosh(gl_4)
+sinh_gl_4 = sinh(gl_4)
+A_4 = cosh_gl_4
+B_4 = Z_c * sinh_gl_4
+C_4 = sinh_gl_4/Z_c
+D_4 = cosh_gl_4
+V_S_4 = A_4*V_R + B_4*I_R              //Sending end voltage(V/phase) 
+I_S_4 = C_4*V_R + D_4*I_R              //Sending end current(A)
+S_S_4 = V_S_4*conj(I_S_4)*10**-6 //Sending end complex power(MVA)
+P_S_4 = real(S_S_4)                     //Power at sending end(MW)
+n_4 = (P_R/P_S_4)*100                  //Transmission efficiency(%)
+reg_4 = (abs(V_S_4/A_4) - V_R)/V_R*100 //Regulation(%)
+Q_line_4 = imag(S_S_4) - Q_R            //Reactive power absorbed by line(MVAR)
+
+// Result Section
+printf('Case(i) : For Length = 60 km')
+printf('Efficiency , n = %.2f percent' ,n_1)
+printf('Regulation = %.3f percent' ,reg_1)
+printf('Reactive power at sending end , Q_S = %.2f MVAR' ,imag(Q_S_1))
+printf('Reactive power absorbed by line , Q_line = %.2f MVAR' ,Q_line_1)
+printf('\nCase(ii) : For Length = 200 km')
+printf('Efficiency , n = %.2f percent' ,n_2)
+printf('Regulation = %.2f percent' ,reg_2)
+printf('Reactive power at sending end , Q_S = %.2f MVAR' ,imag(S_S_2))
+printf('Reactive power absorbed by line , Q_line = %.2f MVAR' ,Q_line_2)
+printf('\nCase(iii) : For Length = 300 km')
+printf('Efficiency , n = %.2f percent' ,n_3)
+printf('Regulation = %.2f percent' ,reg_3)
+printf('Reactive power at sending end , Q_S = %.2f MVAR' ,imag(S_S_3))
+printf('Reactive power absorbed by line , Q_line = %.2f MVAR' ,Q_line_3)
+printf('\nCase(iv) : For Length = 500 km')
+printf('Efficiency , n = %.2f percent' ,n_4)
+printf('Regulation = %.2f percent' ,reg_4)
+printf('Reactive power at sending end , Q_S = %.2f MVAR' ,imag(S_S_4))
+printf('Reactive power absorbed by line , Q_line = %.2f MVAR' ,Q_line_4)
+printf('\nNOTE : ERROR : Calculation mistake in case(iv) efficiency in textbook')
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.16/Ex4_16.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.16/Ex4_16.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8202bc733
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.16/Ex4_16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+A = 0.8*exp(%i*1.4*%pi/180)     //Line constant
+B = 326.0*exp(%i*84.8*%pi/180)  //Line constant(ohm)
+V_R = 220.0                               //Receiving end voltage(kV)
+V_S = 220.0                               //Sending end voltage(kV)
+P = 75.0                                  //Power(MVA) for case(a)
+pf = 0.8                                  //Power factor lagging
+
+a = phasemag(A)*%pi/180                        //Phase angle of A(radian)
+b = phasemag(B)*%pi/180                        //Phase angle of B(radian)
+
+// Calculation Section
+P_R = P * pf                                                                        //Active power demanded by load(MW)
+P_React = P *(1-pf**2)**0.5                                                         //Reactive power demanded by load(MVAR)
+cos_b_delta_1 = P_R*abs(B)/(V_R*V_S) + abs(A)*cos(b-a)                         //cos(b-delta)[in radians]
+delta_1 = b - acos(cos_b_delta_1)                                              //delta(radians)
+Q_R_1 = (V_R*V_S/abs(B))*sin(b-delta_1) - (abs(A)*V_R**2/abs(B))*sin(b-a) //Reactive power at sending end(MVAR)
+Reactive_power_1 = P_React - Q_R_1                                                  //Reactive power to be supplied by compensating equipment(MVAR)
+
+cos_b_delta_2 = (abs(A)*V_R/V_S)*cos(b-a)                                      //cos(b-delta)[in radians]
+delta_2 = b - acos(cos_b_delta_2)                                              //delta(radians)
+Q_R_2 = (V_R*V_S/abs(B))*sin(b-delta_2) - (abs(A)*V_R**2/abs(B))*sin(b-a) //Reactive power at sending end(MVAR)
+Reactive_power_2 = Q_R_2                                                            //Reactive power to be absorbed by compensating equipment(MVAR)
+
+// Result Section
+printf('(a) Reactive VARs to be supplied by compensating equipment = %.2f MVAR' ,Reactive_power_1)
+printf('(b) Reactive VARs to be absorbed by compensating equipment = %.2f MVAR' ,Reactive_power_2)
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.17/Ex4_17.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.17/Ex4_17.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..66cbdc538
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.17/Ex4_17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+r = 25.0       //Resistance/phase(ohm)
+x = 90.0       //Reactance/phase(ohm)
+V_S = 145.0    //Sending end voltage(kV)
+V_R = 132.0    //Receiving end voltage(kV)
+P_R_1 = 0      //Power(MW)
+P_R_2 = 50.0   //Power(MW)
+
+// Calculation Section
+A = 1.0*exp(%i*0*%pi/180)       //Line constant
+B = complex(r,x)                          //Line constant(ohm)
+a = phasemag(A)*%pi/180                        //Phase angle of A(radian)
+b = phasemag(B)*%pi/180                        //Phase angle of B(radian)
+
+cos_b_delta_1 = (V_R/V_S)*cos(b-a)
+delta_1 = b - acos(cos_b_delta_1)
+Q_R_1 = (V_R*V_S/abs(B))*sin(b-delta_1) - (abs(A)*V_R**2/abs(B))*sin(b-a)
+
+cos_b_delta_2 = (P_R_2*abs(B)/(V_R*V_S))+(abs(A)*V_R/V_S)*cos(b-a)
+delta_2 = (b - acos(cos_b_delta_2))
+Q_R_2 = (V_R*V_S/abs(B))*sin(b-delta_2)-(abs(A)*V_R**2/abs(B))*sin(b-a) //Reactive power available at receiving end(MVAR)
+Q_S_2 = Q_R_1 + Q_R_2                                                             //Reactive power to be supplied by equipment(MVAR)
+pf = cos(atan(Q_S_2/P_R_2))                                             //Power factor
+
+// Result Section
+printf('Rating of device = %.2f MVAR' ,Q_R_1)
+printf('Power factor = %.2f lagging' ,pf)
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.18/Ex4_18.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.18/Ex4_18.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9adde50f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.18/Ex4_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+A = 0.9*exp(%i*1.0*%pi/180)     //Line constant
+B = 143.0*exp(%i*84.5*%pi/180)  //Line constant(ohm)
+V_R = 220.0                               //Receiving end voltage(kV)
+V_S = 240.0                               //Sending end voltage(kV)
+P = 100.0                                 //Power(MVA)
+pf = 0.8                                  //Power factor lagging
+
+a = phasemag(A)*%pi/180                        //Phase angle of A(radian)
+b = phasemag(B)*%pi/180                        //Phase angle of B(radian)
+
+// Calculation Section
+P_R = P * pf                                                                    //Active power at receiving end(MW)
+cos_b_delta = (P_R*abs(B)/(V_R*V_S))+(abs(A)*V_R/V_S)*cos(b-a)             //cos(b-delta)[in radians]
+delta_1 = (b - acos(cos_b_delta))
+Q_R = (V_R*V_S/abs(B))*sin(b-delta_1)-(abs(A)*V_R**2/abs(B))*sin(b-a) //Reactive power at receiving end(MVAR)
+P_Re = P *(1-pf**2)**0.5                                                        //Reactive power(MVAR)
+rating = P_Re - Q_R                                                             //Rating of phase modifier(MVAR)
+
+delta_2 = b                                                                     //Maximum power is received when delta = b
+P_Rmax = (V_R*V_S/abs(B))-(abs(A)*V_R**2/abs(B))*cos(b-a)                  //Maximum power at receiving end(MW)
+Q_R = -(abs(A/B)*V_R**2)*sin(b-a)                                          //Reactive power at receive end(MVAR)
+P_S = (V_S**2*abs(A/B))*cos(b-a)-(V_S*V_R/abs(B))*cos(b+delta_2)      //Sending end power(MW)
+n_line = (P_Rmax/P_S)*100                                                       //Line efficiency(%)
+
+// Result Section
+printf('Case(a) :')
+printf('Rating of phase modifier = %.3f MVAR' ,rating)
+printf('Power angle , delta = %.2f°' ,(delta_1*180/%pi))
+printf('\nCase(b) :')
+printf('Maximum power at receive end , P_Rmax = %.2f MW' ,P_Rmax)
+printf('Reactive power available , Q_R = %.2f MVAR' ,Q_R)
+printf('Line efficiency = %.2f percent' ,n_line)
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.19/Ex4_19.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.19/Ex4_19.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..41853d6d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.19/Ex4_19.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+A = 0.96*exp(%i*1.0*%pi/180)    //Line constant
+B = 100.0*exp(%i*83.0*%pi/180)  //Line constant(ohm)
+V_R = 110.0                               //Receiving end voltage(kV)
+V_S = 110.0                               //Sending end voltage(kV)
+pf = 0.8                                  //Power factor lagging
+delta = 15*%pi/180                    //Power angle(radians)
+
+// Calculation Section
+a = phasemag(A)*%pi/180                        //Phase angle of A(radian)
+b = phasemag(B)*%pi/180                        //Phase angle of B(radian)
+
+P_R = (V_R*V_S/abs(B))*cos(b-delta) - (abs(A/B)*V_R**2)*cos(b-a) //Active power at receiving end(MW)
+Q_RL = P_R*tan(acos(pf))                                         //Reactive power demanded by load(MVAR)
+
+Q_R = (V_R*V_S/abs(B))*sin(b-delta) - (abs(A/B)*V_R**2)*sin(b-a) //Reactive power(MVAR)
+rating = Q_RL - Q_R                                                        //Rating of device(MVAR)
+
+P_S = (V_S**2*abs(A/B))*cos(b-a) - (V_R*V_S/abs(B))*cos(b+delta) //Sending end active power(MW)
+n_line = (P_R/P_S)*100                                                     //Efficiency of line(%)
+
+Q_S = (V_S**2*abs(A/B))*sin(b-a) - (V_R*V_S/abs(B))*sin(b+delta) //Sending end reactive power(MVAR)
+
+// Result Section
+printf('(i)  Active power demanded by load , P_R = %.2f MW' ,P_R)
+printf('     Reactive power demanded by load , Q_RL = %.2f MVAR' ,Q_RL)
+printf('(ii) Rating of the device , Q_R = %.2f MVAR' ,rating)
+printf('(iii)Efficiency of line = %.2f percent' ,n_line)
+printf('(iv) Reactive power supplied by source and line , Q_S = %.2f MVAR' ,Q_S)
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..15eee1f0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.2/Ex4_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// Variable Declaration
+r = 0.4    //Radius of conductor(cm)
+h = 1000   //Height of line(cm)
+
+// Calculation Section
+d = 2*h                                              //Spacing between conductors(cm)
+L = 2 * 10**(-4) * log(2*h/(0.7788*r)) * 1000   //Inductance of conductor(mH/km)
+
+// Result Section
+printf('Inductance of the conductor = %.3f mH/km' ,L)
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6634e89ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.3/Ex4_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+d_ab = 4    //Distance b/w conductor a & b(m)
+d_bc = 9    //Distance b/w conductor b & c(m)
+d_ca = 6    //Distance b/w conductor c & a(m)
+r = 1.0     //Radius of each conductor(cm)
+
+// Calculation Section
+D_m = (d_ab * d_bc * d_ca)**(1.0/3)             //Geometric mean separation(m)
+r_1 = 0.7788 * (r/100)                          //Radius of hypothetical conductor(m)
+L = 2 * 10**(-7) * log(D_m/r_1) * 10**6    //Line inductance(mH/phase/km)
+
+// Result Section
+printf('Line inductance , L = %.2f mH/phase/km' ,L)
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9c7117749
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.4/Ex4_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+r = 1.0       //Radius of each conductor(cm)
+d_11 = 30     //Distance b/w conductor 1 & 1'(cm)
+d_22 = 30     //Distance b/w conductor 2 & 2'(cm)
+d_12 = 130    //Distance b/w conductor 1 & 2(cm)
+d_122 = 160   //Distance b/w conductor 1 & 2'(cm)
+d_112 = 100   //Distance b/w conductor 1' & 2(cm)
+d_1122 = 130  //Distance b/w conductor 1' & 2'(cm)
+
+// Calculation Section
+r_1 = 0.7788 * r                               //Radius of hypothetical conductor(cm)
+D_s = (d_11 * r_1 * d_22 * r_1)**(1.0/4)       //Geometric mean radius(cm)
+D_m = (d_12 * d_122 * d_112 * d_1122)**(1.0/4) //Geometric mean separation(cm)
+L = 4 * 10**(-7) * log(D_m/D_s) * 10**6   //Loop inductance(mH/km)
+
+R = 2**0.5                                     //Radius of single conductor(cm)
+d = 130.0                                      //Conductor position(cm)
+L_1 = 4*10**(-7)*log(d/(0.7788*R))*10**6  //Loop inductance(mH/km)
+L_diff = (L_1 - L)/L*100                       //Change in inductance(%)
+r_diff = D_s - R                               //Effective radius difference
+
+
+// Result Section
+printf('Loop inductance , L = %.3f mH/km' ,L)
+printf('Loop inductance having two conductors only , L = %.3f mH/km'  ,L_1)
+printf('There is an Increase of %.f percent in inductance value ' ,L_diff)
+printf('Effective radius of bundled conductors is about %.1f times that of unbundled system reducing field stress almost by that ratio' ,r_diff)
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.5/Ex4_5.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.5/Ex4_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8ca1a121e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.5/Ex4_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+r = 1.5        //Radius of each conductor(cm)
+D_a1a2 = 0.3   //Distance b/w conductor a1 & a2(m)
+D_a2a1 = 0.3   //Distance b/w conductor a2 & a1(m)
+D_a1b1 = 15.3  //Distance b/w conductor a1 & b1(m)
+D_a1b2 = 15.6  //Distance b/w conductor a1 & b2(m)
+D_a2b1 = 15.0  //Distance b/w conductor a2 & b1(m)
+D_a2b2 = 15.3  //Distance b/w conductor a2 & b2(m)
+D_b1c1 = 15.3  //Distance b/w conductor b1 & c1(m)
+D_b1c2 = 15.6  //Distance b/w conductor b1 & c2(m)
+D_b2c1 = 15.0  //Distance b/w conductor b2 & c1(m)
+D_b2c2 = 15.3  //Distance b/w conductor b2 & c2(m)
+D_a1c1 = 30.6  //Distance b/w conductor a1 & c1(m)
+D_a1c2 = 30.9  //Distance b/w conductor a1 & c2(m)
+D_a2c1 = 30.3  //Distance b/w conductor a2 & c1(m)
+D_a2c2 = 30.6  //Distance b/w conductor a2 & c2(m)
+
+// Calculation Section
+r_1 = 0.7788 * (r/100)                              //Radius of hypothetical conductor(m)
+D_s = (D_a1a2 * r_1 * D_a2a1 * r_1)**(1.0/4)        //Geometric mean radius(m)
+D_ab = (D_a1b1 * D_a1b2 * D_a2b1 * D_a2b2)**(1.0/4) //Mutual GMD b/w conductor a & b(m)
+D_bc = (D_b1c1 * D_b1c2 * D_b2c1 * D_b2c2)**(1.0/4) //Mutual GMD b/w conductor b & c(m)
+D_ca = (D_a1c1 * D_a1c2 * D_a2c1 * D_a2c2)**(1.0/4) //Mutual GMD b/w conductor c & a(m)
+D_m = (D_ab * D_bc * D_ca)**(1.0/3)                 //Geometric mean separation(m)
+L = 2 * 10**(-4) * log(D_m/D_s) * 1000         //Inductance(mH/km)
+
+// Result Section
+printf('Inductance/phase/km = %.3f mH/km' ,L)
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.6/Ex4_6.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.6/Ex4_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..672f32d86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.6/Ex4_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+
+// part - I
+// Dsa = GMR of phase a in section - I
+// (r'Da1a2)(Da1a2r')^(1/4) = sqrt(r'Da1a2)
+// Da1a2 = sqrt(D^2 +  4d^2)
+printf(" Dsa = sqrt(r * sqrt(D^2 + 4*d^2))")
+
+// Dsb = GMR of phase b in section - II
+// Dsb = sqrt(r * Db1b2)
+// Db1b2 = D
+
+printf(" Dsb = sqrt(rD) ")
+
+// Dsc = GMR of phase c in section - I
+//  = sqrt(r'Dc1c2)
+// Dc1c2 = sqrt(D^2 + rd^2)
+printf(" Dsc = sqrt(r * sqrt(D^2 + 4*d^2))")
+
+// part - II
+// Dab = Mutual GMD between phase a and b in section I of the trasportation cycle.
+
+printf(" Dab = sqrt(d * sqrt(d^2 + D^2))")
+printf(" Dbc = sqrt(d * sqrt(d^2 + D^2))")
+printf(" Dca = sqrt(2d * D)")
+
+// part - III
+// GMD for fictitious equilateral spacing
+
+printf ( " Ds = (r)^(1/2) * (D^2 * 4d^2)^(1/6)*D^(1/6)")
+// so the inductance per phase is,
+
+printf(" L = 2 * 10^-4 * log((2^(1/6)*(D^2+d^2)^(1/6) * d^(1/2))/(r^(1/2) * (D^2 + 4d^2)^(1/6))) H/km" )
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e442e8c2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.7/Ex4_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+r = 0.6       //Radius of each conductor(cm)
+d = 150       //Separation distance(cm)
+L = 40*10**3  //Length of overhead line(m)
+f = 50        //Frequency(Hertz)
+v = 50*10**3  //System voltage(V)
+
+// Calculation Section
+C_ab = (%pi * 8.854 * 10**(-12))/(log(d/r)) * L   //Capacitance b/w conductors(F)
+I = complex(0,v * 2 * %pi * f * C_ab)                  //Charging current leads voltage by 90°(A)
+
+// Result Section
+printf('Capacitance between two conductors , C_ab = %.3e F' ,C_ab)
+printf('Charging current , I = j%.3f A' ,imag(I))
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c434fed23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.8/Ex4_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+r = 0.015      //Radius of each conductor(m)
+D_a1a2 = 0.3   //Distance b/w conductor a1 & a2(m)
+D_a2a1 = 0.3   //Distance b/w conductor a2 & a1(m)
+D_a1b1 = 15.3  //Distance b/w conductor a1 & b1(m)
+D_a1b2 = 15.6  //Distance b/w conductor a1 & b2(m)
+D_a2b1 = 15.0  //Distance b/w conductor a2 & b1(m)
+D_a2b2 = 15.3  //Distance b/w conductor a2 & b2(m)
+D_b1c1 = 15.3  //Distance b/w conductor b1 & c1(m)
+D_b1c2 = 15.6  //Distance b/w conductor b1 & c2(m)
+D_b2c1 = 15.0  //Distance b/w conductor b2 & c1(m)
+D_b2c2 = 15.3  //Distance b/w conductor b2 & c2(m)
+D_a1c1 = 30.6  //Distance b/w conductor a1 & c1(m)
+D_a1c2 = 30.9  //Distance b/w conductor a1 & c2(m)
+D_a2c1 = 30.3  //Distance b/w conductor a2 & c1(m)
+D_a2c2 = 30.6  //Distance b/w conductor a2 & c2(m)
+
+// Calculation Section
+D_s = (D_a1a2 * r * D_a2a1 * r)**(1.0/4)                  //Geometric mean radius(m)
+D_ab = (D_a1b1 * D_a1b2 * D_a2b1 * D_a2b2)**(1.0/4)       //Mutual GMD b/w conductor a & b(m)
+D_bc = (D_b1c1 * D_b1c2 * D_b2c1 * D_b2c2)**(1.0/4)       //Mutual GMD b/w conductor b & c(m)
+D_ca = (D_a1c1 * D_a1c2 * D_a2c1 * D_a2c2)**(1.0/4)       //Mutual GMD b/w conductor c & a(m)
+D_m = (D_ab * D_bc * D_ca)**(1.0/3)                       //Geometric mean separation(m)
+C_n = 2 * %pi * 8.854 * 10**(-9) /(log(D_m/D_s)) //Capacitance per phase(F/km)
+
+// Result Section
+printf('Capacitance per phase , C_n = %.3e F/km' ,C_n)
diff --git a/3035/CH4/EX4.9/Ex4_9.sce b/3035/CH4/EX4.9/Ex4_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..368774e84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3035/CH4/EX4.9/Ex4_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+// Variable Declaration
+r = 0.015    //Radius of each conductor(m)
+D_ab = 15    //Horizontal distance b/w conductor a & b(m)
+D_bc = 15    //Horizontal distance b/w conductor b & c(m)
+D_ac = 30    //Horizontal distance b/w conductor a & c(m)
+
+// Calculation Section
+D_m = (D_ab * D_bc * D_ac)**(1.0/3)                       //Geometric mean separation(m)
+D_s = 2**(1.0/2) * r                                      //Geometric mean radius(m)
+C_n = 2 * %pi * 8.854 * 10**(-9) /(log(D_m/D_s)) //Capacitance/phase/km(F/km)
+
+// Result Section
+printf('Capacitance per phase , C_n = %.3e F/km' ,C_n)