initial commit / add all books

23 files changed, 391 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.10/exa9_10_10.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.10/exa9_10_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9707dd3c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.10/exa9_10_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//caption:obtain_state_matrix

+//example 9.10.10

+//page 393

+s=%s;

+g=(s^2+6*s+8)/((s+3)*(s^2+2*s+5));

+CL=syslin('c',g);

+disp(CL,"C(s)/R(s)=");

+SS=tf2ss(CL)

+[Ac,Bc,U,ind]=canon(SS(2),SS(3))

+disp(SS,"state space matrix=")

+disp(Ac,"Ac",Bc,"Bc",U,"U",ind,"ind")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.11/exa9_10_11.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.11/exa9_10_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c99f11012
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.11/exa9_10_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//caption:obtain_time_response

+//example 9.10.11

+//page 394

+s=%s;

+syms t

+A=[0 1;-2 0]

+B=[1 -1]

+x0=[1 1]'

+[r c]=size(A);//size of matrix A

+p=s*eye(r,c)-A;//s*I-A where I is identity matrix

+q=det(p)//determinant of sI-A

+r=inv(p)//inverse of sI-A

+//for calculating state transistion matrix

+ip=[0 0;0 0]

+i=1;j=1;

+for i=1:2

+  for j=1:2

+    ip(i,j)=ilaplace(r(i,j),s,t);

+    j=j+1;

+  end

+  i=i+1;

+end

+disp(ip,"state transistion matrix,ip(t)=");

+x=ip*x0

+y=x(1,1)-x(2,1)

+y=simple(y) //output

+disp(y,"time response of the system,y(t)=");

diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.12.i/exa9_10_12_i.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.12.i/exa9_10_12_i.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fc9dd8742
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.12.i/exa9_10_12_i.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//caption:obtain_zero_input_response

+//example 9.10.12_(i)

+//page 395

+s=%s;

+syms t

+A=[0 1;-2 -1]

+B=[0 1]'

+x0=[1 0]'

+[r c]=size(A);//size of matrix A

+p=s*eye(r,c)-A;//s*I-A where I is identity matrix

+q=det(p)//determinant of sI-A

+r=inv(p)//inverse of sI-A

+//for calculating state transistion matrix

+ip=[0 0;0 0]

+i=1;j=1;

+for i=1:2

+  for j=1:2

+    ip(i,j)=ilaplace(r(i,j),s,t);

+    j=j+1;

+  end

+  i=i+1;

+end

+disp(ip,"state transistion matrix,ip(t)=");

+x=ip*x0

+disp(x,"zero input response of the system,x(t)=");

diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.12.ii/exa9_10_12_ii.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.12.ii/exa9_10_12_ii.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6e2ab4348
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.12.ii/exa9_10_12_ii.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//caption:obtain_zero_state_response

+//example 9.10.12_(ii)

+//page 395

+s=%s;

+syms t

+A=[0 1;-2 -1]

+B=[0 1]'

+x0=[1 0]'

+[r c]=size(A);//size of matrix A

+p=s*eye(r,c)-A;//s*I-A where I is identity matrix

+q=det(p)//determinant of sI-A

+r=inv(p)//inverse of sI-A

+m=r*B*(1/s);

+//for calculating zero state response

+x=[0;0]

+x(1,1)=ilaplace(m(1,1),s,t);

+x(2,1)=ilaplace(m(2,1),s,t);

+disp(x,"zero input response of the system,x(t)=");

diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.13/exa9_10_13.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.13/exa9_10_13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a44ac45cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.13/exa9_10_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//caption:obtain_time_response

+//example 9.10.13

+//page 397

+syms t;

+A=[0 1;-2 0]

+x0=[1 1]'

+[r c]=size(A);//size of matrix A

+//since exp(At)=I+A*t+(A*t)^2/2+(A*t)^3/3+...

+I=eye(r,c)

+p=I+A*t+(A*t)^2/2+(A*t)^3/3

+x=p*x0;

+disp(x(1,1),"time response of the system,x1(t)=");

+disp(x(2,1),"time response of the system,x2(t)=");
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.14/exa9_10_14.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.14/exa9_10_14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..55b6a520b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.14/exa9_10_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+//caption:obtain_time_response_using_diagonalization_process

+//example 9.10.14

+//page 398

+syms m11 m22 m21 m12 t;

+s=%s;

+poly(0,"l");

+A=[1 4;-2 -5]

+B=[0;1]

+C=[1;0]'

+x0=[1 0]'

+[r c]=size(A);//size of matrix A

+I=eye(r,c);

+p=l*I-A;//l*I-A where I is identity matrix

+q=det(p)//determinant of lI-A

+

+//roots of q are -1 and -3

+l1=-1;

+l2=-3;

+//for determining modal matrix

+x1=[m11;m21]

+q1=(l1*I-A)*x1

+//on solving we find m11=1, m21=-0.5

+m11=1;m21=-0.5

+x2=[m12;m22]

+q2=(l2*I-A)*x1

+//on solving we find m12=1, m22=-1

+m12=1;m22=-1

+M=[m11 m12;m21 m22]

+M1=inv(M);

+k1=M1*A*M;

+z0=M1*x0;

+k2=M1*B

+Z=inv(s*I-k1)*z0+(inv(s*I-k1)*k2)*(1/s);

+X=M*Z

+x=[0;0]

+x(1,1)=ilaplace(X(1,1),s,t);

+x(2,1)=ilaplace(X(2,1),s,t);

+y=C*x

+disp(y,"output_equation_is,y(t)=")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.15/exa9_10_15.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.15/exa9_10_15.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..34616873e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.15/exa9_10_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+//caption:obtain_time_response_using_diagonalization_process

+//example 9.10.15

+//page 403

+syms t;

+s=%s;

+poly(0,"l");

+A=[0 1;-6 -5]

+B=[0;1]

+C=[6 1]

+x0=[1 0]'

+[r c]=size(A);//size of matrix A

+I=eye(r,c);

+p=l*I-A;//l*I-A where I is identity matrix

+q=det(p)//determinant of lI-A

+//roots of q are -1 and -3

+l1=-2;

+l2=-3;

+//for determining vandermonde's matrix

+P=[1 1;l1 l2];

+P1=inv(P);

+k1=P1*A*P;

+z0=P1*x0;

+k2=P1*B

+Z=inv(s*I-k1)*z0+(inv(s*I-k1)*k2)*(1/s);

+X=P*Z

+X(2,1)=-5/(s^2+5*s+6)

+x=[0;0]

+x(1,1)=ilaplace(X(1,1),s,t);

+x(2,1)=ilaplace(X(2,1),s,t);

+y=C*x

+y=simple(y)

+disp(y,"output_equation_is,y(t)=")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.16/exa9_10_16.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.16/exa9_10_16.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f8dbe0564
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.16/exa9_10_16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//caption:determine_transfer_matrix

+//example 9.10.16

+//page 406

+clc;

+s=%s

+A=[1 -2;4 -5]

+B=[2;1]

+C=[1 1]

+[r c]=size(A);//size of matrix A

+p=s*eye(r,c)-A;//s*I-A where I is identity matrix

+r=inv(p)//inverse of sI-A

+G=C*r*B//transfer matrix

+disp(G,"transfer matrix=")

diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.17/exa9_10_17.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.17/exa9_10_17.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..70fc9f052
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.17/exa9_10_17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//caption:determine_transfer_matrix

+//example 9.10.17

+//page 407

+s=%s

+A=[-3 1;0 -1]

+B=[1;1]

+C=[1 1]

+D=0;

+[r c]=size(A);//size of matrix A

+p=s*eye(r,c)-A;//s*I-A where I is identity matrix

+r=inv(p)//inverse of sI-A

+G=C*r*B//transfer matrix

+disp(G,"transfer matrix=")

diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.18/exa9_10_18.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.18/exa9_10_18.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..31700cf3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.18/exa9_10_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//caption:determine_transfer_matrix

+//example 9.10.17

+//page 407

+s=%s

+A=[0 3;-2 -5]

+B=[1 1;1 1]

+C=[2 1;1 0]

+D=0;

+[r c]=size(A);//size of matrix A

+p=s*eye(r,c)-A;//s*I-A where I is identity matrix

+r=inv(p)//inverse of sI-A

+G=C*r*B//transfer matrix

+disp(G,"transfer matrix=")

diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.20/exa9_10_20.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.20/exa9_10_20.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2f15184c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.20/exa9_10_20.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//caption:check_for_contrallability_of_system

+//example 9.10.20

+//page 410

+A=[0 1 0;0 0 1;0 -2 -3]

+B=[0 1;0 0;1 1]

+P=cont_mat(A,B);

+disp(P,"Controllability Matrix=");

+S=[P(1) P(4) P(7);P(2) P(5) P(8);P(3) P(6) P(9)];//collecting columns from P to form a square matrix (3*3)

+d=det(S);

+if d==0

+  printf("matrix is singular, so system is uncontrollable");

+else

+  printf("system is controllable");

+end;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.21/exa9_10_21.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.21/exa9_10_21.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..beae1cf20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.21/exa9_10_21.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//caption:check_for_contrallability_and_observability_of_system

+//example 9.10.21

+//page 411

+A=[0 1 0;0 0 1;-6 -11 -6]

+B=[1 0 1]'

+C=[10 5 1]

+P=cont_mat(A,B);

+disp(P,"Controllability Matrix=");

+d=det(P)

+if d==0

+  printf("matrix is singular, so system is uncontrollable");

+else

+  printf("system is controllable");

+end;

+P1=obsv_mat(A,C);

+disp(P1,"Observability Matrix=");

+d1=det(P1)

+if d1==0

+  printf("matrix is singular, so system is unobservable");

+else

+  printf("system is observable");

+end;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.22/exa9_10_22.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.22/exa9_10_22.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f3383b3ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.22/exa9_10_22.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+//caption:check_for_contrallability_and_observability_of_system

+//example 9.10.21

+//page 411

+s=%s;

+g=(10*(s+3))/((s+4)*(s+2)^2);

+CL=syslin('c',g);

+disp(CL,"Y(s)/U(s)=");

+SS=tf2ss(CL)

+[Ac,Bc,U,ind]=canon(SS(2),SS(3))

+A=SS(2)

+B=SS(3)

+C=SS(4)

+P=cont_mat(A,B);

+P=round(P)

+disp(P,"Controllability Matrix=");

+d=det(P)

+if d==0

+  printf("matrix is singular, so system is uncontrollable");

+else

+  printf("system is controllable");

+end;

+P1=obsv_mat(A,C);

+P1=round(P1);

+disp(P1,"Observability Matrix=");

+d1=det(P1)

+if d1==0

+  printf("matrix is singular, so system is unobservable");

+else

+  printf("system is observable");

+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.4.a/exa9_10_4_a.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.4.a/exa9_10_4_a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..850208a93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.4.a/exa9_10_4_a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//caption:obtain_state_matrix

+//example 9.10.4_a

+//page 387

+s=%s;

+g=1/((s+1)*(s+3));

+CL=syslin('c',g);

+disp(CL,"C(s)/R(s)=");

+SS=tf2ss(CL)

+[Ac,Bc,U,ind]=canon(SS(2),SS(3))

+disp(SS,"state space matrix=")

+disp(Ac,"Ac",Bc,"Bc",U,"U",ind,"ind")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.4.b/exa9_10_4_b.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.4.b/exa9_10_4_b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c8d910df6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.4.b/exa9_10_4_b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//caption:obtain_state_matrix

+//example 9.10.4_b

+//page 387

+clc;

+s=%s;

+g=(2*s+1)/(s^2+2);

+CL=syslin('c',g);

+disp(CL,"C(s)/R(s)=");

+SS=tf2ss(CL)

+[Ac,Bc,U,ind]=canon(SS(2),SS(3))

+disp(SS,"state space matrix=")

+disp(Ac,"Ac",Bc,"Bc",U,"U",ind,"ind")

diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.5/exa9_10_5.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.5/exa9_10_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..94c55aa93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.5/exa9_10_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//caption:obtain_state_matrix

+//example 9.10.5

+//page 388

+s=%s;

+g=(s+3)/(s^2+3*s+4);

+CL=syslin('c',g);

+disp(CL,"C(s)/R(s)=");

+SS=tf2ss(CL)

+[Ac,Bc,U,ind]=canon(SS(2),SS(3))

+disp(SS,"state space matrix=")

+disp(Ac,"Ac",Bc,"Bc",U,"U",ind,"ind")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.6/exa9_10_6.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.6/exa9_10_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..901889d19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.6/exa9_10_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//caption:obtain_state_matrix

+//example 9.10.6

+//page 389

+s=%s;

+g=(s^2+3*s+2)/(s^3+9*s^2+26*s+24);

+CL=syslin('c',g);

+disp(CL,"C(s)/R(s)=");

+SS=tf2ss(CL)

+[Ac,Bc,U,ind]=canon(SS(2),SS(3))

+disp(SS,"state space matrix=")

+disp(Ac,"Ac",Bc,"Bc",U,"U",ind,"ind")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.7/exa9_10_7.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.7/exa9_10_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5c78cd19e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.7/exa9_10_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//caption:obtain_state_matrix

+//example 9.10.7

+//page 390

+s=%s;

+g=(s+3)/((s+1)*(s+2));

+CL=syslin('c',g);

+disp(CL,"C(s)/R(s)=");

+SS=tf2ss(CL)

+[Ac,Bc,U,ind]=canon(SS(2),SS(3))

+disp(SS,"state space matrix=")

+disp(Ac,"Ac",Bc,"Bc",U,"U",ind,"ind")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.10.9/exa9_10_9.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.10.9/exa9_10_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..964be6667
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.10.9/exa9_10_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//caption:obtain_state_matrix

+//example 9.10.9

+//page 392

+s=%s;

+g=(10*(s+3))/((s+4)*(s+2)^2);

+CL=syslin('c',g);

+disp(CL,"C(s)/R(s)=");

+SS=tf2ss(CL)

+[Ac,Bc,U,ind]=canon(SS(2),SS(3))

+disp(SS,"state space matrix=")

+disp(Ac,"Ac",Bc,"Bc",U,"U",ind,"ind")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.8.1/exa9_8_1.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.8.1/exa9_8_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cddb6f979
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.8.1/exa9_8_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//caption:check_for_contrallability_of_system

+//example 9.8.1

+//page 381

+A=[1 1;0 -1]

+B=[1;0]

+P=cont_mat(A,B);

+disp(P,"Controllability Matrix=");

+d=determ(P)

+if d==0

+  printf("matrix is singular, so system is uncontrollable");

+else

+  printf("system is controllable");

+end;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.8.2/exa9_8_2.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.8.2/exa9_8_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2d8176767
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.8.2/exa9_8_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//caption:check_for_contrallability_of_system

+//example 9.8.2

+//page 381

+A=[-2 0;0 -1]

+B=[1;1]

+P=cont_mat(A,B);

+disp(P,"Controllability Matrix=");

+d=determ(P)

+if d==0

+  printf("matrix is singular, so system is uncontrollable");

+else

+  printf("system is controllable");

+end;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.9.1.a/exa9_9_1_a.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.9.1.a/exa9_9_1_a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ae0f6489b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.9.1.a/exa9_9_1_a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//caption:check_for_observability_of_system

+//example 9.9.1_a

+//page 383

+A=[0 1;-2 -3]

+B=[0;1]

+C=[1 1]

+P=obsv_mat(A,C);

+disp(P,"Observability Matrix=");

+d=determ(P)

+if d==0

+  printf("matrix is singular, so system is unobservable");

+else

+  printf("system is observable");

+end;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/29/CH9/EX9.9.1.b/exa9_9_1_b.sce b/29/CH9/EX9.9.1.b/exa9_9_1_b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e4eeec6ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/29/CH9/EX9.9.1.b/exa9_9_1_b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//caption:check_for_observability_of_system

+//example 9.9.1_b

+//page 383

+A=[-2 1;0 1]

+B=[1;1]

+C=[1 1]

+P=obsv_mat(A,C);

+disp(P,"Observability Matrix=");

+d=determ(P)

+if d==0

+  printf("matrix is singular, so system is unobservable");

+else

+  printf("system is observable");

+end;
\ No newline at end of file