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authorpriyanka2015-06-24 15:03:17 +0530
committerpriyanka2015-06-24 15:03:17 +0530
commitb1f5c3f8d6671b4331cef1dcebdf63b7a43a3a2b (patch)
treeab291cffc65280e58ac82470ba63fbcca7805165 /2780/CH2
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initial commit / add all books
Diffstat (limited to '2780/CH2')
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.10/Ex2_10.sce7
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.11/Ex2_11.sce7
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.12/Ex2_12.sce8
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.13/Ex2_13.sce22
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.14/Ex2_14.sce6
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.15/Ex2_15.sce18
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.16/Ex2_16.sce56
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.17/Ex2_17.sce9
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.18/Ex2_18.sce11
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.19/Ex2_19.sce15
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce9
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.20/Ex2_20.sce12
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.21/Ex2_21.sce7
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.22/Ex2_22.sce7
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.23/Ex2_23.sce10
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.24/Ex2_24.sce8
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.25/Ex2_25.sce11
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.26/Ex2_26.sce12
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.27/Ex2_27.sce11
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.28/Ex2_28.sce13
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.29/Ex2_29.sce13
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce15
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.30/Ex2_30.sce18
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce8
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce9
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce7
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce11
-rwxr-xr-x2780/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce8
28 files changed, 348 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.10/Ex2_10.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.10/Ex2_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5e1c4a42f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.10/Ex2_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+clc
+//to calculate thickness of glass plate
+n=3
+mu=1.5 //refractive index (unitless)
+lambda=5450*10^-10 //wavelength in m
+t=n*lambda/(mu-1)
+disp("the thickness of glass plate is t="+string(t)+"m")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.11/Ex2_11.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.11/Ex2_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c84b90f51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.11/Ex2_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+clc
+//to calculate refractive index of the sheet
+t=6.3*10^-6 //thickness of thin sheet of transparent material in m
+lambda=5460*10^-10 //wavelength in m
+n=6
+mu=(n*lambda/t)+1
+disp("the refractive index of the sheet is mu="+string(mu)+"unitless")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.12/Ex2_12.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.12/Ex2_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fa94c2392
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.12/Ex2_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+clc
+//to calculate refractive index of mica
+t=1.2*10^-8 //thickness of thin sheet of mica in m
+n=1
+lambda=6*10^-7 //wavelength in m
+mu=(n*lambda/t)+1
+disp("the refractive index of mica is mu="+string(mu)+"unitless")
+//answer is given wrong in the book=1.50
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.13/Ex2_13.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.13/Ex2_13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..220d870bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.13/Ex2_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+clc
+//to calculate intensity
+mu=1.5 //refractive index(unitless)
+t=1.5*10^-6 //thickness of thin glass plate in m
+pathdifference=(mu-1)*t // in m
+lambda=5*10^-7 //wavelength in m
+//del=2*%pi*pathdifference/lambda
+del=3*%pi
+a1=1
+ //where a1=a2=a
+a2=1
+//formula is I=a1^2+a2^2+2*a1*a2*cos del
+// where cos 3%pi=-1
+I=a1^2+a2^2+2*a1*a2*(-1)
+disp("the intensity at the centre of the screen is I="+string(I)+"unitless" )
+//to calculate lateral shift
+D=1 //distance in m
+twod=5*10^-4 //distance between two slits in m
+mu=1.5 //refractive index (unitless)
+t=1.5*10^-6 //thickness of thin glass plate in m
+x0=D*(mu-1)*t/twod
+disp("the lateral shift of the central maximum is x0="+string(x0)+"m")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.14/Ex2_14.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.14/Ex2_14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4313f1ac8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.14/Ex2_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+clc
+//to calculate spacing between the slits
+lambda=6*10^-5 //wavelength in cm
+omegatheta=0.1*%pi/180 //angular width of a fringe in radians
+twod=lambda/omegatheta
+disp("the spacing between the slits is twod="+string(twod)+"cm")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.15/Ex2_15.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.15/Ex2_15.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a5ab5be0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.15/Ex2_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+clc
+//to calculate distance of the third bright fringe on the screen from the central maximum
+lambda=6.5*10^-5 //wavelength in cm
+twod=0.2 //distance between the slits in cm
+D=120 //distance between the plane of the slits and the screen in cm
+n=3
+X3=D*n*lambda/twod
+disp("the distance of the third bright fringe from the central maximum is X3="+string(X3)+"cm")
+//to calculate the least distance from the central maximum
+lambda1=6.5*10^-5 //wavelength in cm
+lambda2=5.2*10^-5 //wavelength in cm
+//Xn=Dnlambda1/2d=D(n+1)lambda2/2d
+//we get,
+n=lambda2/(lambda1-lambda2)
+disp("n="+string(n)+"unitless")
+Xn=D*n*lambda1/twod
+disp("the distance from the central maximum when the bright fringes due to both wavelengths coincide is Xn="+string(Xn)+"cm")
+
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.16/Ex2_16.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.16/Ex2_16.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..84e90800d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.16/Ex2_16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+clc
+//to calculate refractive index
+D=10 //distance in cm
+twod=0.2 //distance detween the slits in cm
+t=0.05 //thickness of transparent plate in cm
+deltaX=0.5 //in cm
+mu=(deltaX*twod/(D*t))+1
+disp("the refractive index of the transparent plate is mu="+string(mu)+"unitless")
+//to calculate order
+n=10
+lambda=7000*10^-8 //wavelength in cm
+//path difference =n*lambda
+n1=n*lambda/(5000*10^-8)
+disp("the order will be visible is n1="+string(n1)+"unitless")
+//to calculate distance between the two coherent sources
+D=100 //distance in m
+lambda=6000*10^-8 //wavelength in cm
+omega=0.05 //distance between two consecutive bright fringes on the screen in cm
+twod=D*lambda/omega
+disp("the distance between the coherent sources is twod="+string(twod)+"cm")
+//to calculate wavelength
+Xn=1 //distance of fourth bright fringe from the central fringe in cm
+twod=0.02 //distance between the two coherent sources in cm
+n=4
+D=100 //distance in cm
+lambda=Xn*twod/(n*D)
+disp("the wavelength of light is lambda="+string(lambda)+"cm")
+//to calculate wavelength
+//position of nth bright fringe from the centre of the central fringe is Xn=D*n*lambda/2d----eq(1)
+//fringe width umega=D*lambda/2d---------------------eq(2)
+//from eq(1) and eq(2) we get, Xn=n*omega
+//for 11th bright fringe X11=11*omega
+//position for nth dark fringe Xn'=(2n+1)D*lambda/4d
+//X4'=(7/2)*omega
+//distance between 11th and 4th dark fringe =0.8835 cm
+//we get
+omega=0.1178 //in cm
+twod=0.05 //distance between slis in cm
+D=100 // distance in cm
+lambda=omega*twod/D
+disp("the wavelength of light is lambda="+string(lambda)+"cm")
+//to calculate changed fringe width
+//X10-X0=10*omega
+//given that X10-X0=14.73-12.34=2.39mm
+omega=0.239 //in mm
+lambda=6000 //wavelength in angstrom
+lambda1=5000 //lambda'=5000 angstrom
+omega1=omega*lambda1/lambda
+disp("the changed fringe width is omega1="+string(omega1)+"mm")
+//to calculate thickness of mica sheet
+n=3
+mu=1.6 //refractive index(unitless)
+lambda=5.89*10^-5 //wavelength in cm
+t=n*lambda/(mu-1)
+disp("the thickness of mica sheet is t="+string(t)+"cm")
+//answer of thickness is given wrong in the book =0.002945 cm
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.17/Ex2_17.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.17/Ex2_17.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e49b73e16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.17/Ex2_17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+clc
+//to calculate the smallest thickness of the plate
+mu=1.5 //refractive index(unitless)
+r=60*%pi/180 //angle of refraction in radians
+lambda=5890*10^-10 //wavelength in m
+n=1
+//formula is t=n*lambda/(2*mu*cosr) where cosr=0.5
+t=n*lambda/(2*mu*0.5)
+disp("the smallest thickness of the plate which will appear dark by reflection is t="+string(t)+"m")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.18/Ex2_18.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.18/Ex2_18.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cf282b1df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.18/Ex2_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+clc
+//to calculate least thickness of the film
+lambda=5893*10^-10//wavelength in m
+r=0 //in degree
+mu=1.42 //refractive index
+n=1
+//the formula is t=n*lambda/(2*mu*cosr), where cos0=1
+t=n*lambda/(2*mu*1)
+disp("the least thickness of the film that will appear black is t="+string(t)+"m")
+t=(2*n-1)*lambda/(2*mu*1*2)
+disp("the least thickness of the film that will appear bright is t="+string(t)+"m")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.19/Ex2_19.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.19/Ex2_19.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..01fe6bf65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.19/Ex2_19.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+clc
+//to calculate thickness of the film
+lambda1=6.1*10^-7 //wavelength in m
+lambda2=6*10^-7 // wavelength in m
+//the two dark consecutive fringes are overlapping for the wavelength lambda1 and lambda2 respectively
+//then, n*lambda1=(n+1)*lambda2
+//we get,
+n=lambda2/(lambda1-lambda2)
+sini=4/5
+mu=4/3
+//formula is mu=sini/sinr
+sinr=0.6
+cosr=sqrt(1-(sinr)^2)
+t=n*lambda1/(2*mu*cosr)
+disp("the thickness of the film is t="+string(t)+"m")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2cecc7b32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.2/Ex2_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+clc
+//to calculate ratio of intensity
+//I1/I2=1/25
+//formula is a1/a2=sqrt(I1/I2)=1/5
+a2=5 //a2=5*a1
+a1=1
+I=((1+5)^2)/((1-5)^2)
+disp("ratio of intensity at the maxima and minima in the interference pattern is Imax/Imin=((a1+a2)^2)/((a1-a2)^2)="+string(((a1+a2)^2)/((a1-a2)^2))+"unitless")
+//answer is given in terms of ratio
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.20/Ex2_20.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.20/Ex2_20.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4b13f89cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.20/Ex2_20.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+clc
+//to calculate thickness of the film
+mu=1.33 //refractive index of soap film (unitless)
+i=45*%pi/180
+//the formula is mu=sini/sinr
+sinr=0.5317
+cosr=sqrt(1-(sinr)^2)
+//for destructive interference
+lambda=5890*10^-10 //wavelength in m
+n=1
+t=n*lambda/(2*mu*cosr)
+disp("the thickness of the film is t="+string(t)+"m")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.21/Ex2_21.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.21/Ex2_21.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..90b9f60e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.21/Ex2_21.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+clc
+//to calculate angle of the wedge
+lambda=6000*10^-10 //wavelength in m
+mu=1.4 //refractive index in unitless
+omega=2*10^-3 //distance in m
+theta=lambda/(2*mu*omega)
+disp("the angle of the wedge is theta ="+string(theta)+"radians")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.22/Ex2_22.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.22/Ex2_22.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..666bc054a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.22/Ex2_22.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+clc
+//to calculate wavelength of light
+theta=10*%pi/(60*60*180) //angle of wedge in radians
+omega=5*10^-3 //distance between the successive fringes in cm
+mu=1.4 //refractive index
+lambda=2*mu*theta*omega
+disp("the wavelength of light is lambda="+string(lambda)+"m")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.23/Ex2_23.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.23/Ex2_23.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4fe4a4447
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.23/Ex2_23.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+clc
+//to calculate wavelength of the light
+D15=0.590*10^-2 //diamater of 15th ring in m
+D5=0.336*10^-2 //diameter of 5th ring in m
+p=10
+R=1 //radius of plano convex lens in m
+//formula is lambda=Dn+p^2-Dn^2/4pR
+lambda=((D15^2)-(D5^2))/(4*p*R)
+disp("the wavelength of the monochromatic light is lambda="+string(lambda)+"m")
+
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.24/Ex2_24.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.24/Ex2_24.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..255578be2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.24/Ex2_24.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+clc
+//to calculate refractive index of the liquid
+n=6
+lambda=6000*10^-10 //wavelength in m
+R=1 //radius of curvature of the curved surface in m
+Dn=3.1*10^-3 //diameter of 6th bright ring in m
+mu=2*(2*n-1)*lambda*R/Dn^2
+disp("the refractive index of the liquid is mu="+string(mu)+"unitless")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.25/Ex2_25.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.25/Ex2_25.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..657da51b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.25/Ex2_25.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+clc
+//to calculate radius of curvature
+lambda=5900*10^-10 //wavelength in m
+n=10
+Dn=5*10^-3 // diameter of 10th dark ring in m
+R=Dn^2/(4*n*lambda)
+disp("the radius of curvature of the lens is R="+string(R)+"m")
+//to calculate thichness
+t=n*lambda/2
+disp("the thickness of the air film is t="+string(t)+"m")
+
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.26/Ex2_26.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.26/Ex2_26.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..50e49d3c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.26/Ex2_26.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+clc
+//to calculate the distance from the apex of the wedge at which the maximum due to the two wavelengths first coincide
+//condition for maxima for normal incidence air film is 2t=(2n+1)lambda/2
+//let nth order maximum due to lambda1 coincides with (n+1)th order maximum due to lambda2
+//we get , n=(3lambda2-lambda1)/2(lambda1-lambda2)
+// we also get, 2t=lambda1*lambda2/(lambda1-lambda2)
+//t=X*theta
+lambda1=5896*10^-8 //wavelength in cm
+lambda2=5890*10^-8 //wavelength in cm
+theta=0.3*%pi/180 //angle of wedge
+X=lambda1*lambda2/(2*(lambda1-lambda2)*theta)
+disp("the distance from the apex of the wedge is X="+string(X)+"cm")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.27/Ex2_27.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.27/Ex2_27.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..069416289
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.27/Ex2_27.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+clc
+//to calculate radius of curvature
+n=10
+Dn=0.50 //diameter of 10th ring in cm
+lambda=6000*10^-8 //wavelength in cm
+R=Dn^2/(4*n*lambda)
+disp("the radius of curvature of the lens is R="+string(R)+"cm")
+//answer is given wrong in the book =106 cm
+//to calculate thickness of the film
+t=Dn^2/(8*R)
+disp("the thickness of the film is t="+string(t)+"cm")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.28/Ex2_28.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.28/Ex2_28.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..07d3d45d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.28/Ex2_28.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+clc
+//to calculate diameter
+//the difference of (n+p)th and nth dark ring is Dn+p^2-Dn^2=4nRlambda
+N=12 //where N=n+p
+n=4
+D12=0.7 //diameter of 12th dark ring in cm
+D4=0.4 //diameter of 4th dark ring in cm
+//D12^2-D4^2=4pRlambda where p=8 ----eq(1)
+//D20^2-D4^2=4pRlambda where p=16 -----eq(2)
+//divide eq(2) by eq(1) ,we get
+D20=sqrt((2*D12^2)-D4^2)
+disp("the diameter of 20th dark ring is D20="+string(D20)+"cm")
+
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.29/Ex2_29.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.29/Ex2_29.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9d889a2e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.29/Ex2_29.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+clc
+//to calculate diameter
+lambda1=6*10^-5 //wavelength in cm
+lambda2=4.5*10^-5 //wavelength in cm
+R=90 //radius of curvature of the curved surface in cm
+//Dn^2=4nRlambda1 -------eq(1)
+//Dn+1^2=4(n+1)Rlambda2-------eq(2)
+//the nth dark ring due to lambda1 coincides with (n+1)th dark ring due to lambda2
+//from eq(1) and eq(2)-4nRlambda1=4(n+1)Rlambda2
+// we get,
+n=lambda2/(lambda1-lambda2)
+Dn=sqrt(4*n*R*lambda1)
+disp("the diameter of nth dark ring for lambda1 is Dn="+string(Dn)+"cm")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..16eed67fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.3/Ex2_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+clc
+//to calculate ratio of intensity at this point to that at the centre of a bright fringe
+//the intensity at any pont is I=a1^2+a2^2+2*a1*a2*cos del
+//let a1=a2=a
+//phase difference del is 0
+//then I0=a^2+a^2+2*a*a*cos 0
+//we get I0=4a^2
+I0=4 //intensity
+//path difference is lemda/8
+//phase difference =2*%pi/lemda*path difference=%pi/4
+//I1=a^2+a^2+2a*a*cos %pi/4
+//I1=3.414a^2
+I1=3.414
+intensity=I1/I0
+disp(" ratio of intensity ="+string(intensity)+"unitless")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.30/Ex2_30.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.30/Ex2_30.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d2e0cb7e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.30/Ex2_30.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+clc
+//to calculate the difference of square of diameters for nth and (n+p)th ring when light of wavelength lambda is changed to lambda'
+lambda=6*10^-5 //wavelength in cm
+lambda1=4.5*10^-5 //wavelength in cm
+//Let D=(D^2-Dn^2)=0.125 cm^2
+D=0.125
+//formula is D'(n+p)^2-D'n^2=lambda'*(D(n+p)^2-Dn^2)/lambda
+disp("the difference of square of diameters is D1(n+p)^2-D1n^2=(lambda1*D)/lambda="+string((lambda1*D)/lambda)+"cm^2")
+//to calculate difference of square of diamaters when liqquid of refractive index mu' is introduced
+mu=1 //refractive index (unitless)
+mu1=1.33 // mu'=1.33
+//formula is D'(n+p)^2-D'n^2=(mu/mu')*(D(n+p)^2-Dn^2)
+disp("the difference of square of diameters is D1(n+p)^2-D1n^2=(mu*D)/mu1="+string((mu*D)/mu1)+"cm^2")
+//to calculate difference of square of diameters when radius of curvature of convex surface of the plano convex lens is doubled
+R1=2 //radius of curvature is R'=2R
+R=1
+//formula is D'(n+p)^2-D'n^2=(R'/R)*(D(n+p)^2-Dn^2)
+disp("the difference of square of diameters is D1(n+p)^2-D1n^2=(R1*D)/R="+string((R1*D)/R)+"cm^2")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e6801b420
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.4/Ex2_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+clc
+//to calculate ratio of maximum intensity to minimum intensity
+//formula is I1/I2=a1^2/a2^2=100/1
+//a1/a2=10/1
+a1=10 //a1=10*a2
+a2=1
+disp("the ratio of maximum intensity to minmum intensity in the interference pattern Imax/Imin=((a1+a2)^2)/((a1-a2)^2)="+string(((a1+a2)^2)/((a1-a2)^2))+"unitless")
+//answer is given in terms of ratio in the book
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..95a439521
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.5/Ex2_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+clc
+//to calculate relative intensities
+//Imax/Imin=(a1+a2)^2/(a1-a2)^2+105/95
+//(a1+a2)/(a1-a2)=1.051
+//we get a1/a2=40
+a1=40 //a1=40*a2
+a2=1
+disp("the ratio of the intensities of interfering sources is I1/I2=a1^2/a2^2="+string(a1^2/a2^2)+"unitless")
+//answer is given in terms of ratio in the book
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0ecc6586a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.7/Ex2_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+clc
+//to calculate distance between the two coherent sources
+lambda=5890*10^-10 //wavelength in m
+omega=9.424*10^-4 //width of the fringes in m
+D=.80 //distance in m
+twod=D*lambda/omega
+disp("the distance between two coherent sources is twod="+string(twod)+"m")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5845b08a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.8/Ex2_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+clc
+//to calculate fringe width
+mu=1.5 //refractive index (unitless)
+alpha=%pi/180 //refracting angle in radian
+Y1=20*10^-2 //distance between the source and the biprism in m
+Y2=80*10^-2 //distance in m
+D=Y1+Y2 // distance in m
+lambda=6900*10^-10 //wavelength in m
+twod=2*(mu-1)*alpha*Y1
+omega=D*lambda/twod
+disp("the fringe width is omega="+string(omega)+"m")
diff --git a/2780/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce b/2780/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..96fa37f88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2780/CH2/EX2.9/Ex2_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+clc
+//to calculate wavelength of light
+omega=1.888*10^-2/20 //in (m)
+D=1.20 //distance of eye piece from the source in m
+twod=0.00075 //distance between two virtual sources in m
+lambda=omega*twod/D
+disp("the wavelength of light is lambda="+string(lambda)+"m")
+