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{
"metadata": {
"name": "",
"signature": "sha256:1e02050388cdd15ca19e058c38c307c0fd0b145ef71769674c045940ea70b08b"
},
"nbformat": 3,
"nbformat_minor": 0,
"worksheets": [
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 1,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"7: Atomic physics"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example number 7.1, Page number 113"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"mewB=9.27*10**-24;\n",
"B=3; #magnetic field(T)\n",
"e=1.6*10**-19; #conversion factor from J to eV\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"E=2*mewB*B/e; #energy difference(eV)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"energy difference is\",round(E*10**4,2),\"*10**-4 eV\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"energy difference is 3.48 *10**-4 eV\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 2
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example number 7.3, Page number 118"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"l=2;\n",
"s=1/2;\n",
"j1=2+(1/2);\n",
"j2=2-(1/2);\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"L=math.sqrt(l*(l+1)); #value of L(hbar)\n",
"S=math.sqrt(s*(s+1)); #value of S(hbar)\n",
"J1=math.sqrt(j1*(j1+1)); #value of J for D5/2 state(hbar)\n",
"J2=math.sqrt(j2*(j2+1)); #value of J for D3/2 state(hbar)\n",
"costheta1=((j1*(j1+1))-(l*(l+1))-(s*(s+1)))/(2*L*S);\n",
"theta1=math.acos(costheta1); #angle between L and S for D5/2(radian)\n",
"theta1=theta1*180/math.pi; #angle between L and S for D5/2(degrees)\n",
"costheta2=((j2*(j2+1))-(l*(l+1))-(s*(s+1)))/(2*L*S);\n",
"theta2=math.acos(costheta2); #angle between L and S for D3/2(radian)\n",
"theta2=theta2*180/math.pi; #angle between L and S for D3/2(degrees)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"value of L is\",round(L,3),\"hbar\"\n",
"print \"value of S is\",round(S,3),\"hbar\"\n",
"print \"value of J for D5/2 state is\",round(J1,3),\"hbar\"\n",
"print \"value of J for D3/2 state is\",round(J2,3),\"hbar\"\n",
"print \"angle between L and S for D5/2 is\",round(theta1,2),\"degrees\"\n",
"print \"angle between L and S for D3/2 is\",int(theta2),\"degrees\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"value of L is 2.449 hbar\n",
"value of S is 0.866 hbar\n",
"value of J for D5/2 state is 2.958 hbar\n",
"value of J for D3/2 state is 1.936 hbar\n",
"angle between L and S for D5/2 is 61.87 degrees\n",
"angle between L and S for D3/2 is 135 degrees\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 4
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example number 7.10, Page number 136"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"S=1;\n",
"L=1; \n",
"J=1;\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"a=L*(L+1)-(L*(L+1));\n",
"g1=1+(a/(2*L*(L+1))); #lande's g-factor for pure orbital angular momentum\n",
"b=(S*(S+1)+(S*(S+1)))/(2*S*(S+1)); #lande's g-factor for pure spin angular momentum\n",
"g2=1+b; #lande's g-factor for pure spin angular momentum\n",
"c=J*(J+1)+(S*(S+1))-(L*(L+1));\n",
"g3=1+(c/(2*J*(J+1))); #lande's g-factor for state 3P1\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"lande's g-factor for pure orbital angular momentum is\",g1\n",
"print \"ande's g-factor for pure spin angular momentum is\",g2\n",
"print \"lande's g-factor for state 3P1 is\",g3"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"lande's g-factor for pure orbital angular momentum is 1.0\n",
"ande's g-factor for pure spin angular momentum is 2.0\n",
"lande's g-factor for state 3P1 is 1.5\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 6
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example number 7.12, Page number 141"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"EKalpha=21.99; #energy in silver(keV)\n",
"EKbita=25.145; #energy in silver(keV)\n",
"E=-25.514; #energy of n=1 state(keV)\n",
" \n",
"#Calculation\n",
"ELalpha=EKbita-EKalpha; #energy of L alpha X ray(keV)\n",
"E2=-E-EKalpha; #binding energy of L electron(keV)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"energy of L alpha X ray is\",ELalpha,\"keV\"\n",
"print \"binding energy of L electron is\",E2,\"keV\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"energy of L alpha X ray is 3.155 keV\n",
"binding energy of L electron is 3.524 keV\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 8
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example number 7.13, Page number 141"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#importing modules\n",
"import math\n",
"from __future__ import division\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"h=6.626*10**-34; #planck's constant(Js)\n",
"c=3*10**8; #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
"Z=11; #atomic number\n",
"R=1.097*10**7; #value of R(per m)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"E=(3*h*c*R*(Z-1)**2)/4; #energy of k aplha X-ray(keV)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"energy of k aplha X-ray is\",round(E*10**16,2),\"*10**-16 keV\"\n",
"print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"energy of k aplha X-ray is 1.64 *10**-16 keV\n",
"answer given in the book is wrong\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 12
}
],
"metadata": {}
}
]
}
|
