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diff --git a/Engineering_Physics/Chapter_5.ipynb b/Engineering_Physics/Chapter_5.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index e9ebdd41..00000000 --- a/Engineering_Physics/Chapter_5.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,549 +0,0 @@ -{ - "metadata": { - "name": "" - }, - "nbformat": 3, - "nbformat_minor": 0, - "worksheets": [ - { - "cells": [ - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 1, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Chapter 5: Fibre Optics" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.1, Page 5.15" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "from math import pi, sqrt, asin\n", - "\n", - "# Given \n", - "mu1 = 1.52 # refractive index for core\n", - "mu2 = 1.41 # refractive index for cladding\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "theta_c = asin(mu2 / mu1) * (180 / pi)\n", - "NA = sqrt(mu1**2 - mu2**2)\n", - "theta_0 = asin(NA) * (180 / pi)\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Critical angle = %.2f degree \\nNumerical aperture = %.3f\\nMaximum incidence angle = %.1f degree\"%(theta_c,NA,theta_0)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Critical angle = 68.07 degree \n", - "Numerical aperture = 0.568\n", - "Maximum incidence angle = 34.6 degree\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 2 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.2, Page 5.16" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "from math import pi, sqrt, asin\n", - "\n", - "# Given \n", - "mu1 = 1.6 # refractive index for core\n", - "mu2 = 1.5 # refractive index for cladding\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "NA = sqrt(mu1**2 - mu2**2)#calculation for numerical aperture\n", - "theta_0 = asin(NA) * (180 / pi)#calculation for maximum incidence angle\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Numerical aperture = %.3f\\nMaximum incidence angle = %.2f degree\"%(NA,theta_0)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Numerical aperture = 0.557\n", - "Maximum incidence angle = 33.83 degree\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 3 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.3, Page 5.16" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "from math import pi, sqrt, asin\n", - " \n", - "# Given \n", - "mu_0 = 1 # refractive index of air\n", - "mu1 = 1.5 # refractive index for core\n", - "mu2 = 1.48 # refractive index for cladding\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "theta_c = asin(mu2 / mu1) * (180 / pi)\n", - "delta_mu = (mu1 - mu2) / mu1\n", - "NA = sqrt(mu1**2 - mu2**2)\n", - "theta_0 = asin(NA) * (180 / pi)\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Critical angle = %.2f degrees \\nNumerical aperture = %.3f \\nAcceptance angle = %.2f degrees\\nFractional refractive index = %.2f %%\"%(theta_c,NA,theta_0,delta_mu*100)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Critical angle = 80.63 degrees \n", - "Numerical aperture = 0.244 \n", - "Acceptance angle = 14.13 degrees\n", - "Fractional refractive index = 1.33 %\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 6 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.4, Page 5.17" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "from math import * \n", - "# Given \n", - "mu1 = 1.62 # refractive index for core\n", - "mu2 = 1.52 # refractive index for cladding\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "NA = sqrt(mu1**2 - mu2**2)\n", - "theta_0 = asin(NA) * (180 / pi)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Numerical aperture = %.2f \\nMaximum incidence angle = %.1f degrees\"%(NA,theta_0)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Numerical aperture = 0.56 \n", - "Maximum incidence angle = 34.1 degrees\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 8 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.5, Page 5.17" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "from math import sqrt\n", - "\n", - "# Given \n", - "NA = 0.22 # numerical aperture\n", - "delta_mu = 0.012 # fractional refractive index\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "mu1 = sqrt(NA**2 / (1 - (1 - delta_mu)**2))\n", - "mu2 = (1 - delta_mu) * mu1\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Refractive index for core = %.3f\\nRefractive index for cladding = %.2f\"%(mu1,mu2)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Refractive index for core = 1.424\n", - "Refractive index for cladding = 1.41\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 9 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.6, Page 5.17" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "from math import pi, sqrt, asin, sin\n", - "\n", - "# Given \n", - "d = 0.0064 # diameter of fiber in cm\n", - "mu1 = 1.53 # refractive index for core\n", - "mu2 = 1.39 # refractive index for clad\n", - "L = 90 # length of fiber in cm\n", - "mu_0 = 1 # refractive index of air\n", - "\n", - "#calculations\n", - "NA = sqrt(mu1**2 - mu2**2)\n", - "theta_0 = asin(NA) * (180 / pi)\n", - "N1 = L / (d * sqrt((mu1 / (mu_0 * sin(theta_0 * (pi / 180))))**2 - 1))\n", - "N2 = L / (d * sqrt((mu1 / (mu_0 * sin(theta_0 * (pi / 360))))**2 - 1))\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Numerical aperture = %.2f\\nAcceptance angle = %.1f degrees \\nNumber of reflections at maximum incidence = %.f \\nNumber of reflections in second case = %.f \"%(NA,theta_0,N1,N2)\n", - "#Incorrect answer in the textbook" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Numerical aperture = 0.64\n", - "Acceptance angle = 39.7 degrees \n", - "Number of reflections at maximum incidence = 6468 \n", - "Number of reflections in second case = 3204 \n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 10 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.7, Page 5.18" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "from math import pi\n", - "\n", - "# Given \n", - "d = 0.05 # diameter of fiber in mm\n", - "NA = 0.22 # numerical aperture\n", - "l = 8.5e-4 # wavelength of light in mm\n", - "\n", - "#calculations\n", - "Vn = (pi * d * NA) / l\n", - "Mm = 0.5 * (Vn)**2\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"The normalized frequency = %.2f\\nNumber of guided in the core = %d\"%(Vn,Mm)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The normalized frequency = 40.66\n", - "Number of guided in the core = 826\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 14 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.8, Page 5.18" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "from math import sqrt, pi\n", - "\n", - "# Given \n", - "l = 1.25e-6 #wavelength of light in meter\n", - "mu1 = 1.465 # refractive index for core\n", - "mu2 = 1.460 # refractive index for cladding\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "NA = sqrt(mu1**2 - mu2**2)\n", - "k = (2.4 * l) / ( pi * NA)\n", - "Mm = 0.5 * ((pi * 50e-6 * NA) / l)**2\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Diameter of core < %.1e meter,\\n number of modes = %d\"%(k,Mm)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Diameter of core < 7.9e-06 meter,\n", - " number of modes = 115\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 12 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.9, Page 5.19" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "from math import sqrt, pi\n", - "\n", - "# Given \n", - "l = 0.85e-6 #wavelength of light in meter\n", - "mu1 = 1.461 # refractive index for core\n", - "mu2 = 1.456 # refractive index for clad\n", - "d = 4e-5 # diameter of core in meter\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "NA = sqrt(mu1**2 - mu2**2)\n", - "Mm = 0.5 * ((pi * d * NA) / l)**2\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Numerical aperture = %.3f\\n Number of modes = %d \"%(NA,Mm)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Numerical aperture = 0.121\n", - " Number of modes = 159 \n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 13 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.10, Page 5.19\n" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "from math import sqrt, pi\n", - "\n", - "# Given\n", - "mu1 = 3.6 # refractive index for core\n", - "mu2 = 3.55 # refractive index for cladding\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "NA = sqrt(mu1**2 - mu2**2)#calculation for numerical aperture\n", - "Mm1 = 0.5 * (pi * 5 * NA)**2#calculation for no. of modes in first case\n", - "Mm2 = 0.5 * (pi * 50 * NA)**2#calculation for no. of modes in second case\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Number of modes in first case = %d \\nNumber of modes in second case = %d\"%(Mm1,Mm2)\n", - "#Incorrect answer in the textbook" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Number of modes in first case = 44 \n", - "Number of modes in second case = 4410\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 16 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.11, Page 5.20" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "from math import sqrt, pi\n", - "\n", - "# Given \n", - "l = 1.25e-6 #wavelength of light in meter\n", - "mu1 = 1.46 # refractive index for core\n", - "mu2 = 1.457 # refractive index for cladding\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "NA = sqrt(mu1**2 - mu2**2)#calculation for numerical aperture\n", - "k = (2.4 * l) / ( pi * NA)\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Maximum diameter of core = %.2f micro meter\"%(k*1e6)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Maximum diameter of core = 10.21 micro meter\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 17 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.12, Page 5.20" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "from math import log10\n", - "\n", - "# Given \n", - "L = 0.1 # length of fiber in km\n", - "p = 5e-6 # power of signal in watt\n", - "p_ = 1e-6 # power of signal inside the fiber in watt\n", - "\n", - "#Calculation\n", - "alpha = (10 * log10(p / p_)) / L#calculation for absorption coefficient\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Absorption coefficient = %d dB/km \"%alpha" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Absorption coefficient = 69 dB/km \n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 18 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.13, Page 5.20" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "from math import exp\n", - "\n", - "# Given \n", - "L = 3 # length of optical fiber in km\n", - "l = 6 # losses in dB\n", - "p = 5e-3 # input power in watt \n", - "\n", - "#calculations\n", - "alpha = (l * 3) / L\n", - "p_ = p / (exp((2.303 * alpha * L) / 10))\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Output power = %.3f mW \"%(p_*1e3)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Output power = 0.079 mW \n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 19 - } - ], - "metadata": {} - } - ] -}
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