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| author | Trupti Kini | 2016-07-07 23:30:28 +0600 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Trupti Kini | 2016-07-07 23:30:28 +0600 |
| commit | 65cdf51a89cc30011895520868de6d7326e443b0 (patch) | |
| tree | 4882387831859f381e0b8c4b3e3241cf63c085d3 /Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter8.ipynb | |
| parent | 1321ac7872b82362d9b3da9469729bbddb6fbe2c (diff) | |
| download | Python-Textbook-Companions-65cdf51a89cc30011895520868de6d7326e443b0.tar.gz Python-Textbook-Companions-65cdf51a89cc30011895520868de6d7326e443b0.tar.bz2 Python-Textbook-Companions-65cdf51a89cc30011895520868de6d7326e443b0.zip | |
Added(A)/Deleted(D) following books
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter1.ipynb
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter10.ipynb
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter13.ipynb
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter14.ipynb
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter15.ipynb
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter2.ipynb
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter3.ipynb
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter4.ipynb
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter5.ipynb
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter6.ipynb
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter7.ipynb
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter8.ipynb
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter9.ipynb
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/screenshots/Screenshot_(88).png
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/screenshots/Screenshot_(89).png
A Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/screenshots/Screenshot_(90).png
A "sample_notebooks/PRAVEENKUMAR C/STATICS_CHAPTER_1.ipynb"
Diffstat (limited to 'Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter8.ipynb')
| -rw-r--r-- | Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter8.ipynb | 1134 |
1 files changed, 1134 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter8.ipynb b/Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter8.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6db881de --- /dev/null +++ b/Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J.B.Gupta/chapter8.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,1134 @@ +{
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "#Chapter 8 , Hybrid Parameteres and Transistor Amplifiers"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.1 , Page Number 285"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 1,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "hie : 1.1 kilo-ohm.\n",
+ "hfe : 50.0 .\n",
+ "hre : 0.00025 .\n",
+ "hoe : 30.0 micro-S.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IB1 = 20.0 *10**-6 #Base current with ac o/p shorted (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IC1 = 1.0 *10**-3 #Collector current with ac o/p shorted (in Ampere)\n",
+ "VBC1 = 22.0 * 10**-3 #Base-collector voltage with ac o/p shorted (in volts)\n",
+ "VCE1 = 0 #Collector-emitter voltage wwith ac o/p shorted (in volts)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IB2 = 0 #Base current with ac i/p open-circuited (in Ampere)\n",
+ "VBE2 = 0.25 *10**-3 #Base-emitter voltage with ac i/p open-circuited (in volts)\n",
+ "IC2 = 30.0 * 10**-6 #Collector current with ac i/p open-circuited (in Ampere) \n",
+ "VCE2 = 1 #Collector-emitter voltage with ac i/p open-circuited (in volts)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hie = VBC1/IB1 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hfe = IC1/IB1 #Current gain in CE\n",
+ "hre = VBE2/VCE2 #hre \n",
+ "hoe = IC2/VCE2 #hoe (in Siemen)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"hie : \",hie*10**-3,\"kilo-ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"hfe : \",hfe,\".\"\n",
+ "print \"hre : \",hre,\".\"\n",
+ "print \"hoe : \",hoe * 10**6,\"micro-S.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.2 , Page Number 290"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 3,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "hfb : -0.98 .\n",
+ "hib : 16.27 ohm.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hfe = 50.0 #hfe\n",
+ "hie = 0.83 * 10**3 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hfb = -hfe/(1 + hfe) #Current gain\n",
+ "hib = hie/(1 + hfe) #Input impedance (in ohm) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"hfb : \",round(hfb,2),\".\\nhib : \",round(hib,2),\"ohm.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.3 , Page Number 290"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 5,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "hic : 2600.0 ohm.\n",
+ "hfc : -101 .\n",
+ "hrc : 1.0 .\n",
+ "hoc : 5e-06 S.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hfe = 100 #hfe\n",
+ "hre = 0.02 * 10**-2 #hre\n",
+ "hoe = 5 * 10**-6 #hoe (in Siemens) \n",
+ "hic = hie = 2600.0 #hie (in ohm) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hfc = -(1 + hfe) #hfc \n",
+ "hrc = 1 - hre #hrc\n",
+ "hoc = hoe #hoe (in Siemens) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"hic :\",hic,\"ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"hfc :\",hfc,\".\"\n",
+ "print \"hrc :\",round(hrc),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"hoc :\",hoc,\"S.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.4 , Page Number 294 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 9,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Current gain : -19.6 .\n",
+ "Input resistance : 1905.92 ohm.\n",
+ "Voltage gain : -308.5 .\n",
+ "Overall voltage gain : -235.0 .\n",
+ "Overall current gain : -4.7 .\n",
+ "Output conductance : 4.69846153846e-05 S.\n",
+ "Output resistance : 21284.0 ohm.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hie = 2000.0 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hre = 1.6 * 10**-4 #hre\n",
+ "hfe = 49 #Current gain \n",
+ "hoe = 50 * 10**-6 #hoe (in Ampere per volt)\n",
+ "RL = 30.0 * 10**3 #Load resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RS = 600.0 #Source resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Ai = - hfe/(1 + hoe*RL) #Current gain\n",
+ "Rin = hie - hre*hfe/(hoe + 1/RL)#Input resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Av = -hfe/((hoe + 1/RL)*Rin) #Voltage gain \n",
+ "Avs = Av*Rin/(Rin + RS) #Overall voltage gain \n",
+ "Ais = Ai*RS/(Rin + RS) #Overall current gain\n",
+ "Gout = hoe - hfe*hre/(hie + RS) #Output conductance (in Siemens)\n",
+ "Rout = 1/Gout #Output resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Current gain :\",Ai,\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Input resistance :\",Rin,\"ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Voltage gain :\",round(Av,1),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Overall voltage gain :\",round(Avs),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Overall current gain :\",round(Ais,1),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Output conductance :\",Gout,\"S.\"\n",
+ "print \"Output resistance :\",round(Rout),\"ohm.\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Slight variations due to higher precision."
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.5 , Page Number 294 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 11,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Current gain : -48.78 .\n",
+ "Input resistance : 1087.8 ohm.\n",
+ "Voltage gain : -44.84 .\n",
+ "Overall voltage gain : -23.36 .\n",
+ "Overall current gain : -23.364 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hie = 1.1 * 10**3 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hre = 0.25 * 10**-3 #hre\n",
+ "hfe = 50 #Current gain\n",
+ "hoe = 25.0 * 10**-6 #hoe (in Siemens)\n",
+ "RL = 1.0 * 10**3 #Load resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RS = 1.0 * 10**3 #Series resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Ai = - hfe/(1 + hoe*RL) #Current gain\n",
+ "Rin = hie - hre*hfe/(hoe + 1/RL)#Input resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Av = -hfe/((hoe + 1/RL)*Rin) #Voltage gain \n",
+ "Avs = Av*Rin/(Rin + RS) #Overall voltage gain \n",
+ "Ais = Ai*RS/(Rin + RS) #Overall current gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Current gain :\",round(Ai,2),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Input resistance :\",round(Rin,1),\"ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Voltage gain :\",round(Av,2),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Overall voltage gain :\",round(Avs,2),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Overall current gain :\",round(Ais,3),\".\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.6 , Page Number 295 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 13,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Current gain : -100.0 .\n",
+ "Input resistance : 1000.0 ohm.\n",
+ "Voltage gain : -200.0 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hie = 1.0 * 10**3 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hfe = 100 #Current gain\n",
+ "RL = 2.0 * 10**3 #Load resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "hre = hoe = 0 #hre \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Ai = - hfe/(1 + hoe*RL) #Current gain\n",
+ "Rin = hie - hre*hfe/(hoe + 1/RL)#Input resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Av = -hfe/((hoe + 1/RL)*Rin) #Voltage gain \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Current gain :\",round(Ai,2),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Input resistance :\",round(Rin,1),\"ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Voltage gain :\",round(Av,2),\".\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.7 , Page Number 295 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 20,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Current gain : 0.979 .\n",
+ "Input resistance : 24.47 ohm.\n",
+ "Voltage gain : 48.02 .\n",
+ "Overall voltage gain : 5.24 .\n",
+ "Overall current gain : 0.873 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "RS = 200.0 #internal resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RL = 1200.0 #Load resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "hib = 24.0 #hib (in ohm)\n",
+ "hrb = 4.0 * 10**-4 #hrb\n",
+ "hfb = -0.98 #hfb\n",
+ "hob = 0.6 * 10**-6 #hob (in Ampere per volt)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Ai = - hfb/(1 + hob*RL) #Current gain\n",
+ "Rin = hib + hrb*Ai*RL #Input resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Av = Ai*RL/Rin #Voltage gain \n",
+ "Avs = Av*Rin/(Rin + RS) #Overall voltage gain \n",
+ "Ais = Ai*RS/(Rin + RS) #Overall current gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Current gain :\",round(Ai,3),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Input resistance :\",round(Rin,2),\"ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Voltage gain :\",round(Av,2),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Overall voltage gain :\",round(Avs,2),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Overall current gain :\",round(Ais,3),\".\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.8 , Page Number 296 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 29,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "hfe : 120.0 .\n",
+ "hoe : 2.5e-05 S.\n",
+ "hie : 2.5 kilo-ohm.\n",
+ "Current amplification factor : 0.99 .\n",
+ "hob : 2.06611570248e-07 .\n",
+ "hib : 20.83 ohm.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IE = 1.2 * 10**-3 #Emitter current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "beta = 120.0 #Current gain\n",
+ "ro = 40.0 * 10**3 #O/p resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "hre = 0 #hre \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hfe = beta #hfe\n",
+ "hoe = 1/ro #hoe (in Siemen)\n",
+ "hie = 25.0*10**-3/IE*beta #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "alpha = beta/(1 + beta) #Current gain in CB\n",
+ "hob = hoe/(1 + beta) #hob (in Siemen) \n",
+ "hib = 25 * 10**-3/IE #hib (in ohm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"hfe :\",hfe,\".\"\n",
+ "print \"hoe :\",hoe,\"S.\"\n",
+ "print \"hie :\",hie*10**-3,\"kilo-ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Current amplification factor :\",round(alpha,2),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"hob :\",hob,\".\"\n",
+ "print \"hib :\",round(hib,2),\"ohm.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.9 , Page Number 296 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 33,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Current gain : 99.75 .\n",
+ "Input resistance : 51864.074 ohm.\n",
+ "Voltage gain : 0.9617 .\n",
+ "Overall voltage gain : 0.9435 .\n",
+ "Overall current gain : 1.887 .\n",
+ "Output resistance : 29.69 ohm.\n",
+ "Output conductance : 0.0337 Siemen.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hic = hie = 2.0 * 10**3 #hic (in ohm)\n",
+ "hfe = 100.0 #Current gain in CE\n",
+ "hre = 2.5 * 10**-4 #hre\n",
+ "hoe = 25.0 * 10**-6 #hoe (in Ampere per volt)\n",
+ "RS = 1.0 * 10**3 #Source resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RL = 500.0 #Load resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hfc = -(1 + hfe) #hfc\n",
+ "hrc = 1 - hre #hrc\n",
+ "hoc = hoe #hoc (in Siemens)\n",
+ "Ai = -hfc/(1 + hoc*RL) #Current gain\n",
+ "Rin = hic - hrc*hfc/(hoc + 1/RL) #Input resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Av = -hfc/((hoc + 1/RL)*Rin) #Voltage gain\n",
+ "Avs = Av*Rin/(Rin + RS) #Overall voltage gain\n",
+ "Ais = Ai*RS/(Rin + RS) #Overall current gain\n",
+ "Go = hoc -(hfc*hrc/(hic + RS)) #O/P conductance (in Siemens)\n",
+ "Ro = 1/Go #O/P resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Current gain :\",round(Ai,2),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Input resistance :\",round(Rin,3),\"ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Voltage gain :\",round(Av,4),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Overall voltage gain :\",round(Avs,4),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Overall current gain :\",round(Ais,3),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Output resistance :\",round(Ro,2),\"ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Output conductance :\",round(Go,4),\"Siemen.\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Slight variations due to higher precision."
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.10 , Page Number 300"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 38,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Power gain : 826.0 .\n",
+ "EMF E : 0.29 V.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hie = 2.0 * 10**3 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hoe = 25.0 * 10**-6 #hoe (in Siemens)\n",
+ "hfe = 55.0 #Current gain in CE\n",
+ "Pin = 10.0 * 10**-3 #Output power (in watt)\n",
+ "RB = 80.0 * 10**3 #Base resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RC = 10.0 * 10**3 #Collector resitance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RL = 10.0 * 10**3 #Load resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RS = 5.0 * 10**3 #Source resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Zb = hie #Zb (in ohm)\n",
+ "Zin = RB #Impedance (in ohm)\n",
+ "ZS = RS + Zin #Imput impedance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Zout = RC/hoe*(1/(RC + 1/hoe)) #Output impedance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Rac = Zout*RL/(Zout + RL) #AC load resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Vout = -34.3*0.29 #Output voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "Pout = Vout**2/RL #Output power (in watt) \n",
+ "E = 0.29 #EMF (in volts)\n",
+ "Ap = Pin/0.29**2*6.95*10**3 #Power gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Power gain : \",round(Ap),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"EMF E : \",E,\"V.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.11 , Page Number 301 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 46,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Input impedance : 0.87 kilo-ohm.\n",
+ "Output impedance : 1.9 kilo-ohm\n",
+ "Current gain : -43.5 .\n",
+ "Voltage gain : -100.0 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hie = 1.0 * 10**3 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hfe = 100.0 #Current gain \n",
+ "R1 = 20.0 * 10**3 #Resistance1 (in ohm)\n",
+ "R2 = 10 * 10**3 #Resistance2 (in ohm)\n",
+ "hoe = 25.0 * 10**-6 #hoe (in Siemens)\n",
+ "RC = 2* 10**3 #Collector resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RL = 2* 10**3 #Load resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Zb = hie #Zb (in ohm) \n",
+ "Zin = Zb*R1*R2/(Zb*R1 + Zb*R2 + R1*R2) #Input impedance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Zout = 1/hoe*RC/(RC + 1/hoe) #Output impedance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Av = -(RC*RL)/(RC + RL)*hfe/hie #Voltage gain\n",
+ "RB = R1*R2/(R1 + R2) #Base resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Ai = -hfe*RB*RC/((RC + RL)*(RB + Zb)) #Current gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Input impedance : \",round(Zin * 10**-3,2),\"kilo-ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Output impedance : \",round(Zout * 10**-3,1),\"kilo-ohm\"\n",
+ "print \"Current gain : \",round(Ai,1),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Voltage gain : \",Av,\".\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.12 , Page Number 302 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 56,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Ai : -100.0 .\n",
+ "Av : -9.597 .\n",
+ "Avs : -4.19 .\n",
+ "Rin : 7.74 kilo-ohm.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hie = 1100.0 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hre = 0 #hre\n",
+ "hfe = 50.0 #Current gain \n",
+ "hoe = 100.0 #hoe \n",
+ "R1 = 100.0 * 10**3 #Resistance1 (in ohm)\n",
+ "R2 = 10.0 * 10**3 #Resistance2 (n ohm)\n",
+ "RE = 1.0 * 10**3 #Emitter resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RL = 5.0 * 10**3 #Load resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "RS = 10.0 * 10**3 #Source resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "RB = hie + (1 + hfe)*RE #Base resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Rin = RB*R1*R2/((RB*R1 + RB*R2 + R1*R2)) #Input resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Ai = -hoe #Current gain\n",
+ "Av = -hoe*RL/(hie + (1 + hfe)*RE) #Voltage gain\n",
+ "Avs = Av * Rin/(Rin + RS) #Overall voltage gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Ai : \",Ai,\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Av : \",round(Av,3),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Avs : \",round(Avs,2),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Rin : \",round(Rin*10**-3,2),\"kilo-ohm.\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Slight variation due to higher precision."
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.13 , Page Number 302 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 60,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Quiescent collector current : 1.0 mA.\n",
+ "Small signal voltage gain : -40.63 .\n",
+ "Maximum possible swing of collector current : 4.55 mA.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "RE = 100.0 #Emitter resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "RC = 1.0 * 10**3 #Collector resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "VBE = 0.7 #Base-emitter voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "RB = 420.0 * 10**3 #Base resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "beta = 100 #Current gain in CE\n",
+ "VCC = 5.0 #Collector supply voltage (in volts) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IB = (VCC -VBE)/(RB + (beta + 1)*RE) #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "ICQ = beta * IB #Q-point collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IE = (beta + 1)*IB #Emitter current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "r1e = 25.0*10**-3/IE #Resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "Rin = RB*(beta*r1e)/(RB + beta*r1e) #Input resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Rout = RC #Output resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Av = -ICQ/IB*Rout/Rin #Small signal voltage gain \n",
+ "swing = VCC/(RC + RE) #Max. possible swing (in Ampere) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Quiescent collector current : \",round(ICQ*10**3,3),\"mA.\"\n",
+ "print \"Small signal voltage gain : \",round(Av,2),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Maximum possible swing of collector current : \",round(swing*10**3,2),\"mA.\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Slight variation due to high precision."
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.14 , Page Number 303 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 9,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "1.20603015075e-05 0.00156783919598 0.00156783919598 0.00157989949749\n",
+ "ICQ : 0.945 mA and VCEQ : 2.251 V.\n",
+ "VCE when R2 is open circuited : -8.117 V.\n",
+ "AV : -455.0 .\n",
+ "Rin : 1.0 kilo-ohm.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "beta = hfe = 130 #Current gain in CE\n",
+ "R1 = 510.0 * 10**3 #Resistance1 (in ohm)\n",
+ "R2 = 510.0 * 10**3 #Resistance2 (n ohm)\n",
+ "RE = 7.5 * 10**3 #Emitter resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RC = 9.1 * 10**3 #Collector resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "VCC = 18.0 #Collector supply voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "VBE = 0 #Base-Emitter voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "hie = 1.0 * 10**3 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Rth = R1*R2/(R1 + R2) #Thevenin's eq. resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Vth = VCC * R2/(R1 + R2) #Thevenin's eq. voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "IB = (Vth - VBE)/(Rth + (beta + 1)*RE) #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "ICQ = IC #Q-point IC (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IE = (beta + 1)*IB #Emitter current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "VCEQ = VCC - ICQ*RC - IE*RE #Q-point VCE (in Ampere) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "IB1 = (VCC - VBE)/(R1 + (beta + 1)*RE) #Base current1 (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IC1 = beta*IB1 #Collector current1 (in Ampere) \n",
+ "ICQ1 = IC1 #Q-point IC (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IE1 = (beta + 1)*IB1 #Emitter current1 (in Ampere)\n",
+ "VCEQ1 = VCC - ICQ1*RC - IE1*RE #Q-point VCE (in Ampere) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "Rin = (R1*R2*hie)/(R1*R2 + hie*R2 + hie*R1) #Input resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Av = -50/hie*RC #Voltage gain \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print IB1,IC1,ICQ1,IE1\n",
+ "print \"ICQ : \",round(ICQ*10**3,3),\"mA and VCEQ : \",round(VCEQ,3),\"V.\"\n",
+ "print \"VCE when R2 is open circuited : \",round(VCEQ1,3),\"V.\"\n",
+ "print \"AV : \",round(Av,3),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Rin : \",round(Rin*10**-3,2),\"kilo-ohm.\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Mistake in book for the value of hfe in calculation of Av."
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.15 , Page Number 304 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 10,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Zin : 1.595 kilo-ohm.\n",
+ "Zout : 4.296 kilo-ohm.\n",
+ "Av : -323.125 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hfe = 110 #Current gain in CE\n",
+ "hie = 1.6 * 10**3 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hre = 2 * 10**-4 #hre\n",
+ "hoe = 20.0 * 10**-6 #hoe (in Ampere per volt) \n",
+ "RB = 470.0 * 10**3 #Base resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RC = 4.7 * 10**3 #Collector resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Zin = RB*hie/(RB + hie) #Input impedance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Zout = RC*1/hoe/(RC + 1/hoe) #Output impedance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Av = -RC*hfe/hie #Voltage gain \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Zin : \",round(Zin*10**-3,3),\" kilo-ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Zout : \",round(Zout*10**-3,3),\" kilo-ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Av : \",round(Av,3),\".\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.16 , Page Number 307 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 13,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Zin : 24.84 ohm.\n",
+ "Zout : 7.97 kilo-ohm.\n",
+ "Av : 134.4 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hib = 25.0 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hfb = -0.98 #Current gain in CB \n",
+ "hob = 0.5 * 10**-6 #hob (in Siemens) \n",
+ "R1 = 20.0 * 10**3 #Resistance1 (in ohm)\n",
+ "R2 = 5.0 * 10**3 #Resistance2 (n ohm)\n",
+ "RE = 4.0 * 10**3 #Emitter resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RL = 6.0 * 10**3 #Load resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "RC = 8.0 * 10**3 #Collector resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Zin = hib*RE/(hib + RE) #Input impedance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Zout = RC*1/hob/(RC + 1/hob) #Output impedance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Av = -(RC*RL)/(RC+RL)*hfb/hib #Voltage gain \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Zin : \",round(Zin,2),\" ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Zout : \",round(Zout*10**-3,2),\" kilo-ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Av : \",round(Av,3),\".\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Slight variation due to higher precision."
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.17 , Page Number 309 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 18,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Input impedance : 4.9 kilo-ohm.\n",
+ "Outpur impedance : 28.0 ohm.\n",
+ "Voltage gain : 1 .\n",
+ "Current gain : 101.0 .\n",
+ "Power gain : 101.0 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hie = 2000.0 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hfe = 100.0 #Current gain \n",
+ "R1 = 10.0 * 10**3 #Resistance1 (in ohm)\n",
+ "R2 = 10.0 * 10**3 #Resistance2 (n ohm)\n",
+ "RE = 5.0 * 10**3 #Emitter resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RL = 5.0 * 10**3 #Load resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "RS = 1.0 * 10**3 #Source resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hic = hie #hic\n",
+ "hfc = -(1 + hfe) #hfc\n",
+ "Zb = hic - hfc*(RE*RL)/(RE + RL) #ZB (in ohm)\n",
+ "Zin = Zb*R1*R2/(Zb*R1 + R1*R2 + Zb*R2)#Input impedance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Ze = -(hic + (R1*R2*RS/(R1*R2 + R2*RS + R1*RS)))/hfc #Ze (in ohm)\n",
+ "Zout = Ze*RE/(Ze + RE) #Output impedance (in ohm) \n",
+ "Av = 1 #Coltage gain\n",
+ "RB = R1*R2/(R1 + R2) #Base resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Ai = -hfc #Current gain\n",
+ "Ap = Ai #Power gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Input impedance : \",round(Zin * 10**-3,1),\"kilo-ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Outpur impedance : \",round(Zout),\"ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Voltage gain : \",Av,\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Current gain : \",Ai,\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Power gain : \",Ap,\".\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.18 , Page Number 310 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 4,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Input impedance : 227.667 kilo-ohm.\n",
+ "Voltage gain : 0.9956 .\n",
+ "Current gain : 45.33 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "RL = 5.0 * 10**3 #Load resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "RS = 0.5 * 10**3 #Source resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "hie = 1000.0 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hfe = 50.0 #Current gain \n",
+ "hoe = 25.0 * 10**-6 #hor (in Siemens) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hic = hie #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hrc = 1 #hrc\n",
+ "hfc = -(1 + hfe) #hfc \n",
+ "hoc = hoe #hoe (in Siemens)\n",
+ "Ai = -hfc/(1 + hoc*RL) #Current gain\n",
+ "Ri = hic - hrc*hfc/(hoc + 1/RL) #Input resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Av = Ai*RL/Ri #Voltage gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Input impedance : \",round(Ri * 10**-3,3),\"kilo-ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Voltage gain : \",round(Av,4),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Current gain : \",round(Ai,2),\".\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.19 , Page Number 310"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 10,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Input impedance : 34.254 kilo-ohm.\n",
+ "Outpur impedance : 21.1 ohm.\n",
+ "Voltage gain : 0.9789 .\n",
+ "Current gain : 33.53 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "VCC = 15.0 #Collector supply voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "RB = 100.0 * 10**3 #Base resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "RE = 1.0 * 10**3 #Emitter resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "hie = 1100.0 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hfe = 50 #hfe\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hic = hie #hic (in ohm)\n",
+ "hfc = -(1 + hfe) #hfc\n",
+ "Zin = (hic - hfc*RE)*RB/((hic - hfc*RE) + RB) #Input impedance (in ohm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Zout = RE*(-hic/hfc)/(RE - hic/hfc) #Output impedance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Av = -hfc*RE/(hic - hfc*RE) #Voltage gain\n",
+ "Ai = Av*Zin/RE #Current gain \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Input impedance : \",round(Zin * 10**-3,3),\"kilo-ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Outpur impedance : \",round(Zout,1),\"ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Voltage gain : \",round(Av,4),\".\"\n",
+ "print \"Current gain : \",round(Ai,2),\".\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation mistake in the value of Zout in the book."
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 8.20 , Page Number 311 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 13,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Zin : 1.0883 kilo-ohm.\n",
+ "Av : 0.99 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hre = hoe = 0 #hre\n",
+ "hie = 1.0 * 10**3 #hie (in ohm)\n",
+ "hfe = 100.0 #hfe\n",
+ "VCC = 5.0 #Collector supply voltage (in volts) \n",
+ "R1 = 2.2 * 10**3 #Resistance1 (in ohm)\n",
+ "R2 = 2.2 * 10**3 #Resistance2 (in ohm)\n",
+ "RE = 1.0 * 10**3 #Emitter resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "hic = hie #hic (in ohm)\n",
+ "hfc = -(1 + hfe) #hfc \n",
+ "hrc = 1 - hre #hrc\n",
+ "hoc = hoe = 0 #hoc\n",
+ "Zin = (hic - hfc*RE)*R1*R2/(((hic - hfc*RE)*(R1+R2))+R1*R2) #Input impedance (in ohm)\n",
+ "Av = -hfc*RE/(hic - hfc*RE) #Voltage gain \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Zin : \",round(Zin*10**-3,4),\"kilo-ohm.\"\n",
+ "print \"Av : \",round(Av,2),\".\""
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+ "kernelspec": {
+ "display_name": "Python 2",
+ "language": "python",
+ "name": "python2"
+ },
+ "language_info": {
+ "codemirror_mode": {
+ "name": "ipython",
+ "version": 2
+ },
+ "file_extension": ".py",
+ "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+ "name": "python",
+ "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+ "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+ "version": "2.7.10"
+ }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
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