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diff --git a/day2/session1.tex b/day2/session1.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f51ce54 --- /dev/null +++ b/day2/session1.tex @@ -0,0 +1,416 @@ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%Tutorial slides on Python. +% +% Author: Prabhu Ramachandran <prabhu at aero.iitb.ac.in> +% Copyright (c) 2005-2009, Prabhu Ramachandran +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +\documentclass[14pt,compress]{beamer} +%\documentclass[draft]{beamer} +%\documentclass[compress,handout]{beamer} +%\usepackage{pgfpages} +%\pgfpagesuselayout{2 on 1}[a4paper,border shrink=5mm] + +% Modified from: generic-ornate-15min-45min.de.tex +\mode<presentation> +{ + \usetheme{Warsaw} + \useoutertheme{split} + \setbeamercovered{transparent} +} + +\usepackage[english]{babel} +\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} +%\usepackage{times} +\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} + +% Taken from Fernando's slides. +\usepackage{ae,aecompl} +\usepackage{mathpazo,courier,euler} +\usepackage[scaled=.95]{helvet} + +\definecolor{darkgreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0} + +\usepackage{listings} +\lstset{language=Python, + basicstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries, + commentstyle=\color{red}\itshape, + stringstyle=\color{darkgreen}, + showstringspaces=false, + keywordstyle=\color{blue}\bfseries} + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% Macros +\setbeamercolor{emphbar}{bg=blue!20, fg=black} +\newcommand{\emphbar}[1] +{\begin{beamercolorbox}[rounded=true]{emphbar} + {#1} + \end{beamercolorbox} +} +\newcounter{time} +\setcounter{time}{0} +\newcommand{\inctime}[1]{\addtocounter{time}{#1}{\tiny \thetime\ m}} + +\newcommand{\typ}[1]{\texttt{#1}} + +\newcommand{\kwrd}[1]{ \texttt{\textbf{\color{blue}{#1}}} } + +%%% This is from Fernando's setup. +% \usepackage{color} +% \definecolor{orange}{cmyk}{0,0.4,0.8,0.2} +% % Use and configure listings package for nicely formatted code +% \usepackage{listings} +% \lstset{ +% language=Python, +% basicstyle=\small\ttfamily, +% commentstyle=\ttfamily\color{blue}, +% stringstyle=\ttfamily\color{orange}, +% showstringspaces=false, +% breaklines=true, +% postbreak = \space\dots +% } + + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% Title page +\title[Basic Python]{Python:\\A formal approach} + +\author[FOSSEE Team] {The FOSSEE Group} + +\institute[IIT Bombay] {Department of Aerospace Engineering\\IIT Bombay} +\date[] {1, November 2009\\Day 2, Session 1} +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +%\pgfdeclareimage[height=0.75cm]{iitmlogo}{iitmlogo} +%\logo{\pgfuseimage{iitmlogo}} + + +%% Delete this, if you do not want the table of contents to pop up at +%% the beginning of each subsection: +\AtBeginSubsection[] +{ + \begin{frame}<beamer> + \frametitle{Outline} + \tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection] + \end{frame} +} + +\AtBeginSection[] +{ + \begin{frame}<beamer> + \frametitle{Outline} + \tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection] + \end{frame} +} + +% If you wish to uncover everything in a step-wise fashion, uncomment +% the following command: +%\beamerdefaultoverlayspecification{<+->} + +%\includeonlyframes{current,current1,current2,current3,current4,current5,current6} + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% DOCUMENT STARTS +\begin{document} + +\begin{frame} + \titlepage +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame} + \frametitle{Outline} + \tableofcontents + % You might wish to add the option [pausesections] +\end{frame} + +\section{Data types} + +\begin{frame} + \frametitle{Primitive Data types} + \begin{itemize} + \item Numbers: float, int, complex + \item Strings + \item Boolean + \end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\subsection{Numbers} +\begin{frame}[fragile] + \frametitle{Numbers} + \begin{itemize} + \item \kwrd{int}\\ Any whole number is an \kwrd{int}, no matter what the size! + \begin{lstlisting} +In []: a = 13 + +In []: a = 99999999999999999999 + \end{lstlisting} + \item \kwrd{float} + \begin{lstlisting} +In []: fl = 3.141592 + \end{lstlisting} + \end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}[fragile] +\frametitle{Complex numbers} + \begin{lstlisting} +In []: cplx = 3+4j + +In []: abs(cplx) +Out[]: 5.0 + +In []: cplx.imag +Out[]: 4.0 + +In []: cplx.real +Out[]: 3.0 + \end{lstlisting} +\end{frame} + +\subsection{Boolean} +\begin{frame}{Boolean} + \begin{itemize} + \item \kwrd{True} + \item \kwrd{False} + \item \kwrd{not} + \item \kwrd{and} + \item \kwrd{or} + \end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\subsection{Strings} +\begin{frame}[fragile] + \frametitle{String methods} +Strings were introduced previously, let us now look at them in a little more detail. + \begin{lstlisting} +In []: a = 'hello world' + +In []: a.startswith('hell') +Out[]: True + +In []: a.endswith('ld') +Out[]: True + \end{lstlisting} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}[fragile] +\frametitle{Still with strings} +We saw split() previously. join() is the opposite of split() + \begin{lstlisting} +In []: ''.join(['a', 'b', 'c']) +Out[]: 'abc' + \end{lstlisting} + \begin{block}{Note:} +Strings are immutable.\\ That is string variables cannot be changed. + \end{block} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}[fragile] +\frametitle{String formatting} + \begin{lstlisting} +In []: x, y = 1, 1.234 +In []: 'x is %s, y is %s' %(x, y) +Out[]: 'x is 1, y is 1.234' + \end{lstlisting} + \small +\url{docs.python.org/lib/typesseq-strings.html}\\ +\inctime{10} +\end{frame} + +\section{Relational and logical operators} +\begin{frame}[fragile] + \frametitle{Relational and logical operators} + \begin{lstlisting} +In []: pos, zer, neg = 1, 0, -1 +In []: pos == neg +Out[]: False + +In []: pos >= neg +Out[]: True + +In []: neg < zer < pos +Out[]: True + +In []: pos + neg != zer +Out[]: False + \end{lstlisting} +\inctime{5} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame} + {A classic problem} + \begin{block} + {Interchange values} + How to interchange values of two variables? + \end{block} + \pause + \begin{block}{Note:} + This Python idiom works for all types of variables.\\ +They need not be of the same type! + \end{block} + \inctime{} +\end{frame} + +\section{Control flow} +\begin{frame} + \frametitle{Control flow constructs} + \begin{itemize} + \item \kwrd{if/elif/else}: branching + \item \kwrd{while}: looping + \item \kwrd{for}: iterating + \item \kwrd{break, continue}: modify loop + \item \kwrd{pass}: syntactic filler + \end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\subsection{Basic Conditional flow} +\begin{frame}[fragile] + \frametitle{\typ{If...elif...else} example} +\begin{lstlisting} +x = int(raw_input("Enter an integer:")) +if x < 0: + print 'Be positive!' +elif x == 0: + print 'Zero' +elif x == 1: + print 'Single' +else: + print 'More' +\end{lstlisting} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{Simple IO} + \begin{block} + {Console Input} + \texttt{raw\_input()} waits for user input.\\Prompt string is optional.\\ + All keystrokes are Strings!\\\texttt{int()} converts string to int. + \end{block} + \begin{block} + {Console output} + \texttt{print} is straight forward. Note the distinction between \texttt{print x} and \texttt{print x,} + \end{block} +\end{frame} + +\subsection{Basic Looping} +\begin{frame}[fragile] + \frametitle{\kwrd{while}} +Example: Fibonacci series + \begin{lstlisting} +# the sum of two elements +# defines the next +a, b = 0, 1 +while b < 10: + print b, + a, b = b, a + b +\end{lstlisting} +\typ{1 1 2 3 5 8}\\ +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}[fragile] +\frametitle{\kwrd{range()}} +\kwrd{range([start,] stop[, step])}\\ +\begin{itemize} + \item \alert {range() returns a list of integers} + \item \alert {The start and the step arguments are optional} +\end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}[fragile] + \frametitle{\kwrd{for}} +Example: print squares of first \typ{n} numbers + \begin{lstlisting} +In []: for i in range(5): + ....: print i, i * i + ....: + ....: +0 0 +1 1 +2 4 +3 9 +4 16 +\end{lstlisting} +\inctime{15} +\end{frame} + +\section{Lists} +\begin{frame}[fragile] +\frametitle{More List methods} +\begin{lstlisting} +In []: lst = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] +In []: lst.reverse() +In []: lst +Out[]: [8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1] + +In []: lst.extend([0, -1, -2]) +In []: lst +Out[]: [8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, -1, -2] + +In []: lst.remove(0) +In []: lst +Out[]: [8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, -1, -2] +\end{lstlisting} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}[fragile] +\frametitle{List containership} +\begin{lstlisting} +In []: a = 8 + +In []: a in lst +Out[]: True + +In []: b = 10 +In []: b in lst +Out[]: False + +In []: b not in lst +Out[]: True +\end{lstlisting} +\inctime{10} +\end{frame} + +\section{Tuples} +\begin{frame}[fragile] +\frametitle{Tuples: Immutable lists} +\begin{lstlisting} +In []: tup = (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8) +In []: tup[0]+tup[3]+tup[-1] +Out[]: 13 +\end{lstlisting} +\begin{block}{Note:} +\begin{itemize} +\item Tuples are immutable - cannot be changed +\item Multiple return values in a function are actually tuples +\item Tuples are working behind the scenes in exchanging values - Tuple Unpacking +\end{itemize} +\end{block} +\inctime{5} +\end{frame} + +\section{Dictionaries} +\begin{frame}[fragile] +\frametitle{Dictionaries} + \alert {lists and tuples: integer indexes :: dictionaries: string indexes} +\begin{lstlisting} +In []: player = {'Mat': 134, 'Inn': 233, 'Runs': 10823, 'Avg': 52.53} + +In []: player['Avg'] +Out[]: 52.530000000000001 + +In []: player.keys() +Out[]: ['Runs', 'Inn', 'Avg', 'Mat'] + +In []: player.values() +Out[]: [10823, 233, 52.530000000000001, 134] +\end{lstlisting} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{Dictionaries} +\begin{itemize} +\item Duplicate keys are not allowed! +\item Dictionaries are iterable through keys. +\end{itemize} +\inctime{5} +\end{frame} + +\end{document} |