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Diffstat (limited to 'advanced-features-functions')
-rw-r--r-- | advanced-features-functions/quickref.tex | 8 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | advanced-features-functions/script.rst | 203 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | advanced-features-functions/slides.tex | 106 |
3 files changed, 317 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/advanced-features-functions/quickref.tex b/advanced-features-functions/quickref.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b26d168 --- /dev/null +++ b/advanced-features-functions/quickref.tex @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +Creating a linear array:\\ +{\ex \lstinline| x = linspace(0, 2*pi, 50)|} + +Plotting two variables:\\ +{\ex \lstinline| plot(x, sin(x))|} + +Plotting two lists of equal length x, y:\\ +{\ex \lstinline| plot(x, y)|} diff --git a/advanced-features-functions/script.rst b/advanced-features-functions/script.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9ed8dc5 --- /dev/null +++ b/advanced-features-functions/script.rst @@ -0,0 +1,203 @@ +======== + Script +======== + +{{{ show the welcome slide }}} + +Welcome to the tutorial on advanced feature of functions. + +{{{ show the outline slide }}} + +In this tutorial we shall be looking at specifying default arguments +to functions when defining them and calling functions using keyword +arguments. We shall also, look at some of the built-in functions +available in the standard library of Python. + +{{{ switch to terminal }}} + +We have an ``ipython`` terminal open, which we shall be using through +out this session. + +Let's use the ``round`` function as an example to understand what a +default value of an argument means. Let's type the following +expressions in the terminal. + +:: + + round(2.484) + + round(2.484, 2) + +Both the first expression and the second are calls to the ``round`` +function, but the first calls it with only one argument and the second +calls it with two arguments. By observing the output, we can guess +that the first one is equivalent to call with the second argument +being 0. 0 is the default value of the argument. + +{{{ show a slide with examples of functions showing default values }}} +:: + + s.strip() # strips on spaces. + s.strip('@') # strips the string of '@' symbols. + + plot(x, y) # plots with x vs. y using default line style. + plot(x, y, 'o') # plots x vs. y with circle markers. + + linspace(0, 2*pi, 100) # returns 100 points between 0 and 2pi + linspace(0, 2*pi) # returns 50 points between 0 and 2pi + +#[punch: all above content goes on to a slide] + +{{{ switch back to ipython }}} + +Let's now define a simple function that uses default arguments. We +define a simple function that prints a welcome message to a person, +given a greeting and his/her name. + +:: + + def welcome(greet, name="World"): + print greet, name + +Let us first call the function with two arguments, one for ``greet`` +and other for ``name``. + +:: + + welcome("Hi", "Guido") + +We get the expected welcome message, "Hi Guido". + +Now let us call the function with just one argument "Hello". +:: + + welcome("Hello") + +"Hello" is treated as the ``greet`` and we get "Hello World" as +the output. "World" is the default value for the argument ``name``. + +E%% %% Pause the video here and redefine the function ``welcome``, by +interchanging it's arguments. Place the ``name`` argument with it's +default value of "Hello" before the ``greet`` argument. Then, resume +the video. + +:: + + def welcome(name="World", greet): + print greet, name + +We get an error that reads ``SyntaxError: non-default argument follows +default argument``. When defining a function all the argument with +default values should come at the end. + +E%% %% Pause the video here and type ``linspace?`` to see the +definition of the command and notice how all the arguments with +default values are towards the end. + +:: + + linspace? + +E%% %% Pause the video here and redefine the function ``welcome`` with +a default value of "Hello" to the ``greet`` argument. Then, call the +function without any arguments. Then, resume the video. + +:: + + def welcome(greet="Hello", name="World"): + print greet, name + + + welcome() + + +Let us now learn what keyword arguments are. + +{{{ show a slide with examples using keyword arguments. }}} +:: + + legend(['sin(2y)'], loc = 'center') + + plot(y, sin(y), 'g', linewidth = 2) + + annotate('local max', xy = (1.5, 1)) + + pie(science.values(), labels = science.keys()) + +When you are calling functions in Python, you don't need to remember +the order in which to pass the arguments. Instead, you can use the +name of the argument to pass it a value. This slide shows a few +function calls that use keyword arguments. ``loc``, ``linewidth``, +``xy`` and ``labels`` are being called with keyword arguments. + +{{{ switch to ipython terminal }}} + +Let us try and understand this better using the ``welcome`` function +that we have been using all along. Let us call it in different ways +and observe the output to see how keyword arguments work. + +:: + + welcome() + + welcome("Hello", "James") + + welcome("Hi", name="Guido") + +When no keyword is specified, the arguments are allotted based on +their position. So, "Hi" is the value of the argument ``greet`` and +name is passed the value "Guido". +:: + + welcome(name="Guido", greet="Hey! ") + +When keyword arguments are used, the arguments can be called in any +order. + +:: + + welcome(name="Guido", "Hey") + +This call returns an error that reads, ``non keyword arg after keyword +arg``. Python expects all the keyword to be present towards the end. + +That brings us to the end of what we wanted to learn about ``keyword`` +arguments. + +{{{ switch to a slide showing variety of functions with uses }}} + +Before defining a function of your own, make sure that you check the +standard library, for a similar function. Python is popularly called a +"Batteries included" language, for the huge library that comes along +with it. + +:: + + Math functions - abs, sin, .... + +#[punch: Need to decide, exactly what to put here. Reviewer comments + welcome.] + + +{{{ switch to slide showing classes of functions in pylab, scipy }}} + +Apart from the standard library there are other libraries like ``pylab``, +``scipy``, etc which have a huge collection of functions for scientific +purposes. +:: + + pylab + plot, bar, contour, boxplot, errorbar, log, polar, quiver, semilog + + scipy (modules) + fftpack, stats, linalg, ndimage, signal, optimize, integrate + +{{{ switch slide to summary slide }}} + +That brings us to the end of this tutorial. In this tutorial we have +learnt how to use functions with default values and keyword +arguments. We also looked at the range of functions available in the +Python standard library and the Scientific Computing related +packages. + +Thank You! diff --git a/advanced-features-functions/slides.tex b/advanced-features-functions/slides.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000..df1462c --- /dev/null +++ b/advanced-features-functions/slides.tex @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%Tutorial slides on Python. +% +% Author: FOSSEE +% Copyright (c) 2009, FOSSEE, IIT Bombay +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +\documentclass[14pt,compress]{beamer} +%\documentclass[draft]{beamer} +%\documentclass[compress,handout]{beamer} +%\usepackage{pgfpages} +%\pgfpagesuselayout{2 on 1}[a4paper,border shrink=5mm] + +% Modified from: generic-ornate-15min-45min.de.tex +\mode<presentation> +{ + \usetheme{Warsaw} + \useoutertheme{infolines} + \setbeamercovered{transparent} +} + +\usepackage[english]{babel} +\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} +%\usepackage{times} +\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} + +\usepackage{ae,aecompl} +\usepackage{mathpazo,courier,euler} +\usepackage[scaled=.95]{helvet} + +\definecolor{darkgreen}{rgb}{0,0.5,0} + +\usepackage{listings} +\lstset{language=Python, + basicstyle=\ttfamily\bfseries, + commentstyle=\color{red}\itshape, + stringstyle=\color{darkgreen}, + showstringspaces=false, + keywordstyle=\color{blue}\bfseries} + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% Macros +\setbeamercolor{emphbar}{bg=blue!20, fg=black} +\newcommand{\emphbar}[1] +{\begin{beamercolorbox}[rounded=true]{emphbar} + {#1} + \end{beamercolorbox} +} +\newcounter{time} +\setcounter{time}{0} +\newcommand{\inctime}[1]{\addtocounter{time}{#1}{\tiny \thetime\ m}} + +\newcommand{\typ}[1]{\lstinline{#1}} + +\newcommand{\kwrd}[1]{ \texttt{\textbf{\color{blue}{#1}}} } + +% Title page +\title{Your Title Here} + +\author[FOSSEE] {FOSSEE} + +\institute[IIT Bombay] {Department of Aerospace Engineering\\IIT Bombay} +\date{} + +% DOCUMENT STARTS +\begin{document} + +\begin{frame} + \maketitle +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}[fragile] + \frametitle{Outline} + \begin{itemize} + \item + \end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%% All other slides here. %% +%% The same slides will be used in a classroom setting. %% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +\begin{frame}[fragile] + \frametitle{Summary} + \begin{itemize} + \item + \end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame} + \frametitle{Thank you!} + \begin{block}{} + \begin{center} + This spoken tutorial has been produced by the + \textcolor{blue}{FOSSEE} team, which is funded by the + \end{center} + \begin{center} + \textcolor{blue}{National Mission on Education through \\ + Information \& Communication Technology \\ + MHRD, Govt. of India}. + \end{center} + \end{block} +\end{frame} + +\end{document} |