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authorJovina2011-06-29 14:25:31 +0530
committerJovina2011-06-29 14:25:31 +0530
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-.. Objectives
-.. ----------
-
-.. #. How to print some value
-.. #. How to print using modifiers
-.. #. How to take input from user
-.. #. How to display a prompt to the user before taking the input
-
-.. Prerequisites
-.. -------------
-
-.. 1. Loops
-
-.. Author : Nishanth Amuluru
- Internal Reviewer : Puneeth
- External Reviewer :
- Checklist OK? : <put date stamp here, if OK> [2010-10-05]
-
-Script
-------
-
-Hello friends and welcome to this tutorial on Input/Output
-
-{{{ Show the slide containing title }}}
-
-{{{ Show the slide containing the outline slide }}}
-
-Input and Output are used in almost every program we use.
-In this tutorial, we shall learn how to
-
- * Output data
- * Take input from the user
-
-type
-::
-
- a = "This is a string"
- a
- print a
-
-<<<<<<< local
-print a, prints the value of a.
-=======
-``print a``, obviously, is printing the value of ``a``.
->>>>>>> other
-As you can see, even when you type just a, the value of a is shown.
-But there is a difference.
-
-.. #[Amit: The next sentence does seem to be clear enough]
-
-Typing a shows the value of a while print a prints the string. This difference
-becomes more evident when we use strings with newlines in them.
-type
-::
-
- b = "A line \n New line"
- b
- print b
-
-As you can see, just typing b shows that b contains a newline character.
-While typing print b prints the string and hence the newline.
-
-Moreover when we type just a, the value a is shown only in interactive mode and
-does not have any effect on the program while running it as a script.
-
-.. #[punch: I think we could show that?]
-
-We shall look at different ways of outputting the data.
-
-<<<<<<< local
-.. #[Amit: C's printf syntax ?? i think its better to elaborate the
- idea]
-
-print statement in python supports string formatting.
-Various arguments can be passed to print using modifiers.
-=======
-``print`` statement also accepts the syntax of C's ``printf`` statement.
-Various arguments can be passed to ``print`` using modifiers.
->>>>>>> other
-type
-::
-
- x = 1.5
- y = 2
- z = "zed"
- print "x is %2.1f y is %d z is %s"%(x,y)
-
-As you can see, the values of x and y are substituted in place of
-``%2.1f`` and ``%d``
-
-{{{ Pause here and try out the following exercises }}}
-
-%% 1 %% What happens when you do ``print "x is %d y is %f" %(x, y)``
-
-{{{ continue from paused state }}}
-
-We see that the ``int`` value of x and ``float`` value of y are
-printed corresponding to the modifiers used in the print statement.
-
-We can also see that ``print`` statement prints a new line character
-at the end of the line, everytime it is called. This can be suppressed
-by using a "," at the end ``print`` statement.
-
-Let us see this by typing out following code on an editor as print_example.py
-
-{{{ open an editor }}}
-type
-::
-
- print "Hello"
- print "World"
-
- print "Hello",
- print "World"
-
-Now we run the script using %run /home/fossee/print_example.py
-
-As we can see, the print statement when used with comma in the end, prints a
-space instead of a new line.
-
-Now we shall look at taking input from the user.
-We will use the ~~raw_input~~ for this.
-type
-::
-
- ip = raw_input()
-
-The cursor is blinking indicating that it is waiting for input
-type
-::
-
- an input
-
-and hit enter.
-Now let us see what is the value of ip by typing.
-::
-
- ip
-
-We can see that it contains the string "an input"
-
-{{{ Pause here and try out the following exercises }}}
-
-%% 2 %% enter the number 5.6 as input and store it in a variable called c.
-
-{{{ continue from paused state }}}
-
-We have to use the raw_input command with variable c.
-type
-::
-
- c = raw_input()
- 5.6
- c
-
-Now let us see the type of c.
-
-::
-
- type(c)
-
-We see that c is a string. This implies that anything you enter as input, will
-be taken as a string no matter what you enter.
-
-{{{ Pause here and try out the following exercises }}}
-
-%% 3 %% What happens when you do not enter anything and hit enter
-
-{{{ continue from paused state }}}
-
-::
-
- d = raw_input()
- <RET>
- d
-
-We see that when nothing is entered, an empty string is considered as input.
-
-raw_input also can display a prompt to assist the user.
-::
-
- name = raw_input("Please enter your name: ")
-
-prints the string given as argument and then waits for the user input.
-
-{{{ Pause here and try out the following exercises }}}
-
-%% 4 %% How do you display a prompt and let the user enter input in next line
-
-{{{ continue from paused state }}}
-
-.. #[Puneeth: We didn't talk of new-line character till now, did we?]
-.. #[Puneeth: non-programmers might not know?]
-
-.. #[Amit: Well there is a discussion earlier about new lines, I think its good
-.. as a slight trick question. But may be next line is a more easier lexicon]
-
-The trick is to include a newline character at the end of the prompt string.
-::
-
- ip = raw_input("Please enter a number in the next line\n> ")
-
-prints the newline character and hence the user enters input in the next line
-
-{{{ Show summary slide }}}
-
-This brings us to the end of the tutorial.
-In this totorial we have learnt
-
- * How to print some value
- * How to print using modifiers
- * How to take input from user
- * How to display a prompt to the user before taking the input
-
-{{{ Show the "sponsored by FOSSEE" slide }}}
-
-
-This tutorial was created as a part of FOSSEE project, NME ICT, MHRD India
-
-Hope you have enjoyed and found it useful.
-Thank You.
-