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diff --git a/usr/man/mann/mathfunc.n b/usr/man/mann/mathfunc.n new file mode 100755 index 000000000..23499650d --- /dev/null +++ b/usr/man/mann/mathfunc.n @@ -0,0 +1,537 @@ +'\" +'\" Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California. +'\" Copyright (c) 1994-2000 Sun Microsystems, Inc. +'\" Copyright (c) 2005 by Kevin B. Kenny <kennykb@acm.org>. All rights reserved +'\" +'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution +'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES. +'\" +.\" The -*- nroff -*- definitions below are for supplemental macros used +.\" in Tcl/Tk manual entries. +.\" +.\" .AP type name in/out ?indent? +.\" Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure. +.\" type is type of argument (int, etc.), in/out is either "in", "out", +.\" or "in/out" to describe whether procedure reads or modifies arg, +.\" and indent is equivalent to second arg of .IP (shouldn't ever be +.\" needed; use .AS below instead) +.\" +.\" .AS ?type? ?name? +.\" Give maximum sizes of arguments for setting tab stops. Type and +.\" name are examples of largest possible arguments that will be passed +.\" to .AP later. If args are omitted, default tab stops are used. +.\" +.\" .BS +.\" Start box enclosure. From here until next .BE, everything will be +.\" enclosed in one large box. +.\" +.\" .BE +.\" End of box enclosure. +.\" +.\" .CS +.\" Begin code excerpt. +.\" +.\" .CE +.\" End code excerpt. +.\" +.\" .VS ?version? ?br? +.\" Begin vertical sidebar, for use in marking newly-changed parts +.\" of man pages. The first argument is ignored and used for recording +.\" the version when the .VS was added, so that the sidebars can be +.\" found and removed when they reach a certain age. If another argument +.\" is present, then a line break is forced before starting the sidebar. +.\" +.\" .VE +.\" End of vertical sidebar. +.\" +.\" .DS +.\" Begin an indented unfilled display. +.\" +.\" .DE +.\" End of indented unfilled display. +.\" +.\" .SO ?manpage? +.\" Start of list of standard options for a Tk widget. The manpage +.\" argument defines where to look up the standard options; if +.\" omitted, defaults to "options". The options follow on successive +.\" lines, in three columns separated by tabs. +.\" +.\" .SE +.\" End of list of standard options for a Tk widget. +.\" +.\" .OP cmdName dbName dbClass +.\" Start of description of a specific option. cmdName gives the +.\" option's name as specified in the class command, dbName gives +.\" the option's name in the option database, and dbClass gives +.\" the option's class in the option database. +.\" +.\" .UL arg1 arg2 +.\" Print arg1 underlined, then print arg2 normally. +.\" +.\" .QW arg1 ?arg2? +.\" Print arg1 in quotes, then arg2 normally (for trailing punctuation). +.\" +.\" .PQ arg1 ?arg2? +.\" Print an open parenthesis, arg1 in quotes, then arg2 normally +.\" (for trailing punctuation) and then a closing parenthesis. +.\" +.\" # Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages. +.if t .wh -1.3i ^B +.nr ^l \n(.l +.ad b +.\" # Start an argument description +.de AP +.ie !"\\$4"" .TP \\$4 +.el \{\ +. ie !"\\$2"" .TP \\n()Cu +. el .TP 15 +.\} +.ta \\n()Au \\n()Bu +.ie !"\\$3"" \{\ +\&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP (\\$3) +.\".b +.\} +.el \{\ +.br +.ie !"\\$2"" \{\ +\&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP +.\} +.el \{\ +\&\\fI\\$1\\fP +.\} +.\} +.. +.\" # define tabbing values for .AP +.de AS +.nr )A 10n +.if !"\\$1"" .nr )A \\w'\\$1'u+3n +.nr )B \\n()Au+15n +.\" +.if !"\\$2"" .nr )B \\w'\\$2'u+\\n()Au+3n +.nr )C \\n()Bu+\\w'(in/out)'u+2n +.. +.AS Tcl_Interp Tcl_CreateInterp in/out +.\" # BS - start boxed text +.\" # ^y = starting y location +.\" # ^b = 1 +.de BS +.br +.mk ^y +.nr ^b 1u +.if n .nf +.if n .ti 0 +.if n \l'\\n(.lu\(ul' +.if n .fi +.. +.\" # BE - end boxed text (draw box now) +.de BE +.nf +.ti 0 +.mk ^t +.ie n \l'\\n(^lu\(ul' +.el \{\ +.\" Draw four-sided box normally, but don't draw top of +.\" box if the box started on an earlier page. +.ie !\\n(^b-1 \{\ +\h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul' +.\} +.el \}\ +\h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul' +.\} +.\} +.fi +.br +.nr ^b 0 +.. +.\" # VS - start vertical sidebar +.\" # ^Y = starting y location +.\" # ^v = 1 (for troff; for nroff this doesn't matter) +.de VS +.if !"\\$2"" .br +.mk ^Y +.ie n 'mc \s12\(br\s0 +.el .nr ^v 1u +.. +.\" # VE - end of vertical sidebar +.de VE +.ie n 'mc +.el \{\ +.ev 2 +.nf +.ti 0 +.mk ^t +\h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\L'|\\n(^Yu-1v\(bv'\v'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu'\h'-|\\n(^lu+3n' +.sp -1 +.fi +.ev +.\} +.nr ^v 0 +.. +.\" # Special macro to handle page bottom: finish off current +.\" # box/sidebar if in box/sidebar mode, then invoked standard +.\" # page bottom macro. +.de ^B +.ev 2 +'ti 0 +'nf +.mk ^t +.if \\n(^b \{\ +.\" Draw three-sided box if this is the box's first page, +.\" draw two sides but no top otherwise. +.ie !\\n(^b-1 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c +.el \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c +.\} +.if \\n(^v \{\ +.nr ^x \\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu +\kx\h'-\\nxu'\h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\ky\L'-\\n(^xu'\v'\\n(^xu'\h'|0u'\c +.\} +.bp +'fi +.ev +.if \\n(^b \{\ +.mk ^y +.nr ^b 2 +.\} +.if \\n(^v \{\ +.mk ^Y +.\} +.. +.\" # DS - begin display +.de DS +.RS +.nf +.sp +.. +.\" # DE - end display +.de DE +.fi +.RE +.sp +.. +.\" # SO - start of list of standard options +.de SO +'ie '\\$1'' .ds So \\fBoptions\\fR +'el .ds So \\fB\\$1\\fR +.SH "STANDARD OPTIONS" +.LP +.nf +.ta 5.5c 11c +.ft B +.. +.\" # SE - end of list of standard options +.de SE +.fi +.ft R +.LP +See the \\*(So manual entry for details on the standard options. +.. +.\" # OP - start of full description for a single option +.de OP +.LP +.nf +.ta 4c +Command-Line Name: \\fB\\$1\\fR +Database Name: \\fB\\$2\\fR +Database Class: \\fB\\$3\\fR +.fi +.IP +.. +.\" # CS - begin code excerpt +.de CS +.RS +.nf +.ta .25i .5i .75i 1i +.. +.\" # CE - end code excerpt +.de CE +.fi +.RE +.. +.\" # UL - underline word +.de UL +\\$1\l'|0\(ul'\\$2 +.. +.\" # QW - apply quotation marks to word +.de QW +.ie '\\*(lq'"' ``\\$1''\\$2 +.\"" fix emacs highlighting +.el \\*(lq\\$1\\*(rq\\$2 +.. +.\" # PQ - apply parens and quotation marks to word +.de PQ +.ie '\\*(lq'"' (``\\$1''\\$2)\\$3 +.\"" fix emacs highlighting +.el (\\*(lq\\$1\\*(rq\\$2)\\$3 +.. +.\" # QR - quoted range +.de QR +.ie '\\*(lq'"' ``\\$1''\\-``\\$2''\\$3 +.\"" fix emacs highlighting +.el \\*(lq\\$1\\*(rq\\-\\*(lq\\$2\\*(rq\\$3 +.. +.\" # MT - "empty" string +.de MT +.QW "" +.. +.TH mathfunc n 8.5 Tcl "Tcl Mathematical Functions" +.BS +'\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below! +.SH NAME +mathfunc \- Mathematical functions for Tcl expressions +.SH SYNOPSIS +package require \fBTcl 8.5\fR +.sp +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::abs\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::acos\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::asin\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::atan\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::atan2\fR \fIy\fR \fIx\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::bool\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::ceil\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::cos\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::cosh\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::double\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +.VS 8.5 +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::entier\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +.VE 8.5 +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::exp\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::floor\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::fmod\fR \fIx\fR \fIy\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::hypot\fR \fIx\fR \fIy\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::int\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::isqrt\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::log\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::log10\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::max\fR \fIarg\fR ?\fIarg\fR ...? +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::min\fR \fIarg\fR ?\fIarg\fR ...? +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::pow\fR \fIx\fR \fIy\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::rand\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::round\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::sin\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::sinh\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::sqrt\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::srand\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::tan\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::tanh\fR \fIarg\fR +.br +\fB::tcl::mathfunc::wide\fR \fIarg\fR +.sp +.BE +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.PP +The \fBexpr\fR command handles mathematical functions of the form +\fBsin($x)\fR or \fBatan2($y,$x)\fR by converting them to calls of the +form \fB[tcl::mathfunc::sin [expr {$x}]]\fR or +\fB[tcl::mathfunc::atan2 [expr {$y}] [expr {$x}]]\fR. +A number of math functions are available by default within the +namespace \fB::tcl::mathfunc\fR; these functions are also available +for code apart from \fBexpr\fR, by invoking the given commands +directly. +.PP +Tcl supports the following mathematical functions in expressions, all +of which work solely with floating-point numbers unless otherwise noted: +.DS +.ta 3c 6c 9c +\fBabs\fR \fBacos\fR \fBasin\fR \fBatan\fR +\fBatan2\fR \fBbool\fR \fBceil\fR \fBcos\fR +\fBcosh\fR \fBdouble\fR \fBentier\fR \fBexp\fR +\fBfloor\fR \fBfmod\fR \fBhypot\fR \fBint\fR +\fBisqrt\fR \fBlog\fR \fBlog10\fR \fBmax\fR +\fBmin\fR \fBpow\fR \fBrand\fR \fBround\fR +\fBsin\fR \fBsinh\fR \fBsqrt\fR \fBsrand\fR +\fBtan\fR \fBtanh\fR \fBwide\fR +.DE +.PP +In addition to these predefined functions, applications may +define additional functions by using \fBproc\fR (or any other method, +such as \fBinterp alias\fR or \fBTcl_CreateObjCommand\fR) to define +new commands in the \fBtcl::mathfunc\fR namespace. In addition, an +obsolete interface named \fBTcl_CreateMathFunc\fR() is available to +extensions that are written in C. The latter interface is not recommended +for new implementations. +.SS "DETAILED DEFINITIONS" +.TP +\fBabs \fIarg\fR +Returns the absolute value of \fIarg\fR. \fIArg\fR may be either +integer or floating-point, and the result is returned in the same form. +.TP +\fBacos \fIarg\fR +Returns the arc cosine of \fIarg\fR, in the range [\fI0\fR,\fIpi\fR] +radians. \fIArg\fR should be in the range [\fI\-1\fR,\fI1\fR]. +.TP +\fBasin \fIarg\fR +Returns the arc sine of \fIarg\fR, in the range [\fI\-pi/2\fR,\fIpi/2\fR] +radians. \fIArg\fR should be in the range [\fI\-1\fR,\fI1\fR]. +.TP +\fBatan \fIarg\fR +Returns the arc tangent of \fIarg\fR, in the range [\fI\-pi/2\fR,\fIpi/2\fR] +radians. +.TP +\fBatan2 \fIy x\fR +Returns the arc tangent of \fIy\fR/\fIx\fR, in the range [\fI\-pi\fR,\fIpi\fR] +radians. \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR cannot both be 0. If \fIx\fR is greater +than \fI0\fR, this is equivalent to +.QW "\fBatan \fR[\fBexpr\fR {\fIy\fB/\fIx\fR}]" . +.TP +\fBbool \fIarg\fR +Accepts any numeric value, or any string acceptable to +\fBstring is boolean\fR, and returns the corresponding +boolean value \fB0\fR or \fB1\fR. Non-zero numbers are true. +Other numbers are false. Non-numeric strings produce boolean value in +agreement with \fBstring is true\fR and \fBstring is false\fR. +.TP +\fBceil \fIarg\fR +Returns the smallest integral floating-point value (i.e. with a zero +fractional part) not less than \fIarg\fR. The argument may be any +numeric value. +.TP +\fBcos \fIarg\fR +Returns the cosine of \fIarg\fR, measured in radians. +.TP +\fBcosh \fIarg\fR +Returns the hyperbolic cosine of \fIarg\fR. If the result would cause +an overflow, an error is returned. +.TP +\fBdouble \fIarg\fR +The argument may be any numeric value, +If \fIarg\fR is a floating-point value, returns \fIarg\fR, otherwise converts +\fIarg\fR to floating-point and returns the converted value. May return +\fBInf\fR or \fB\-Inf\fR when the argument is a numeric value that exceeds +the floating-point range. +.TP +\fBentier \fIarg\fR +.VS 8.5 +The argument may be any numeric value. The integer part of \fIarg\fR +is determined and returned. The integer range returned by this function +is unlimited, unlike \fBint\fR and \fBwide\fR which +truncate their range to fit in particular storage widths. +.VE 8.5 +.TP +\fBexp \fIarg\fR +Returns the exponential of \fIarg\fR, defined as \fIe\fR**\fIarg\fR. +If the result would cause an overflow, an error is returned. +.TP +\fBfloor \fIarg\fR +Returns the largest integral floating-point value (i.e. with a zero +fractional part) not greater than \fIarg\fR. The argument may be +any numeric value. +.TP +\fBfmod \fIx y\fR +Returns the floating-point remainder of the division of \fIx\fR by +\fIy\fR. If \fIy\fR is 0, an error is returned. +.TP +\fBhypot \fIx y\fR +Computes the length of the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle +.QW "\fBsqrt\fR [\fBexpr\fR {\fIx\fB*\fIx\fB+\fIy\fB*\fIy\fR}]". +.TP +\fBint \fIarg\fR +The argument may be any numeric value. The integer part of \fIarg\fR +is determined, and then the low order bits of that integer value up +to the machine word size are returned as an integer value. For reference, +the number of bytes in the machine word are stored in +\fBtcl_platform(wordSize)\fR. +.TP +\fBisqrt \fIarg\fR +Computes the integer part of the square root of \fIarg\fR. \fIArg\fR must be +a positive value, either an integer or a floating point number. +Unlike \fBsqrt\fR, which is limited to the precision of a floating point +number, \fIisqrt\fR will return a result of arbitrary precision. +.TP +\fBlog \fIarg\fR +Returns the natural logarithm of \fIarg\fR. \fIArg\fR must be a +positive value. +.TP +\fBlog10 \fIarg\fR +Returns the base 10 logarithm of \fIarg\fR. \fIArg\fR must be a +positive value. +.TP +\fBmax \fIarg\fB \fI...\fR +Accepts one or more numeric arguments. Returns the one argument +with the greatest value. +.TP +\fBmin \fIarg\fB \fI...\fR +Accepts one or more numeric arguments. Returns the one argument +with the least value. +.TP +\fBpow \fIx y\fR +Computes the value of \fIx\fR raised to the power \fIy\fR. If \fIx\fR +is negative, \fIy\fR must be an integer value. +.TP +\fBrand\fR +Returns a pseudo-random floating-point value in the range (\fI0\fR,\fI1\fR). +The generator algorithm is a simple linear congruential generator that +is not cryptographically secure. Each result from \fBrand\fR completely +determines all future results from subsequent calls to \fBrand\fR, so +\fBrand\fR should not be used to generate a sequence of secrets, such as +one-time passwords. The seed of the generator is initialized from the +internal clock of the machine or may be set with the \fBsrand\fR function. +.TP +\fBround \fIarg\fR +If \fIarg\fR is an integer value, returns \fIarg\fR, otherwise converts +\fIarg\fR to integer by rounding and returns the converted value. +.TP +\fBsin \fIarg\fR +Returns the sine of \fIarg\fR, measured in radians. +.TP +\fBsinh \fIarg\fR +Returns the hyperbolic sine of \fIarg\fR. If the result would cause +an overflow, an error is returned. +.TP +\fBsqrt \fIarg\fR +The argument may be any non-negative numeric value. Returns a floating-point +value that is the square root of \fIarg\fR. May return \fBInf\fR when the +argument is a numeric value that exceeds the square of the maximum value of +the floating-point range. +.TP +\fBsrand \fIarg\fR +The \fIarg\fR, which must be an integer, is used to reset the seed for +the random number generator of \fBrand\fR. Returns the first random +number (see \fBrand\fR) from that seed. Each interpreter has its own seed. +.TP +\fBtan \fIarg\fR +Returns the tangent of \fIarg\fR, measured in radians. +.TP +\fBtanh \fIarg\fR +Returns the hyperbolic tangent of \fIarg\fR. +.TP +\fBwide \fIarg\fR +The argument may be any numeric value. The integer part of \fIarg\fR +is determined, and then the low order 64 bits of that integer value +are returned as an integer value. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +expr(n), mathop(n), namespace(n) +.SH "COPYRIGHT" +.nf +Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California. +Copyright (c) 1994-2000 Sun Microsystems Incorporated. +Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 by Kevin B. Kenny <kennykb@acm.org>. +.fi |