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diff --git a/usr/man/mann/glob.n b/usr/man/mann/glob.n new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4882746f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/usr/man/mann/glob.n @@ -0,0 +1,504 @@ +'\" +'\" Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California. +'\" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc. +'\" +'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution +'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES. +'\" +.\" The -*- nroff -*- definitions below are for supplemental macros used +.\" in Tcl/Tk manual entries. +.\" +.\" .AP type name in/out ?indent? +.\" Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure. +.\" type is type of argument (int, etc.), in/out is either "in", "out", +.\" or "in/out" to describe whether procedure reads or modifies arg, +.\" and indent is equivalent to second arg of .IP (shouldn't ever be +.\" needed; use .AS below instead) +.\" +.\" .AS ?type? ?name? +.\" Give maximum sizes of arguments for setting tab stops. Type and +.\" name are examples of largest possible arguments that will be passed +.\" to .AP later. If args are omitted, default tab stops are used. +.\" +.\" .BS +.\" Start box enclosure. From here until next .BE, everything will be +.\" enclosed in one large box. +.\" +.\" .BE +.\" End of box enclosure. +.\" +.\" .CS +.\" Begin code excerpt. +.\" +.\" .CE +.\" End code excerpt. +.\" +.\" .VS ?version? ?br? +.\" Begin vertical sidebar, for use in marking newly-changed parts +.\" of man pages. The first argument is ignored and used for recording +.\" the version when the .VS was added, so that the sidebars can be +.\" found and removed when they reach a certain age. If another argument +.\" is present, then a line break is forced before starting the sidebar. +.\" +.\" .VE +.\" End of vertical sidebar. +.\" +.\" .DS +.\" Begin an indented unfilled display. +.\" +.\" .DE +.\" End of indented unfilled display. +.\" +.\" .SO ?manpage? +.\" Start of list of standard options for a Tk widget. The manpage +.\" argument defines where to look up the standard options; if +.\" omitted, defaults to "options". The options follow on successive +.\" lines, in three columns separated by tabs. +.\" +.\" .SE +.\" End of list of standard options for a Tk widget. +.\" +.\" .OP cmdName dbName dbClass +.\" Start of description of a specific option. cmdName gives the +.\" option's name as specified in the class command, dbName gives +.\" the option's name in the option database, and dbClass gives +.\" the option's class in the option database. +.\" +.\" .UL arg1 arg2 +.\" Print arg1 underlined, then print arg2 normally. +.\" +.\" .QW arg1 ?arg2? +.\" Print arg1 in quotes, then arg2 normally (for trailing punctuation). +.\" +.\" .PQ arg1 ?arg2? +.\" Print an open parenthesis, arg1 in quotes, then arg2 normally +.\" (for trailing punctuation) and then a closing parenthesis. +.\" +.\" # Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages. +.if t .wh -1.3i ^B +.nr ^l \n(.l +.ad b +.\" # Start an argument description +.de AP +.ie !"\\$4"" .TP \\$4 +.el \{\ +. ie !"\\$2"" .TP \\n()Cu +. el .TP 15 +.\} +.ta \\n()Au \\n()Bu +.ie !"\\$3"" \{\ +\&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP (\\$3) +.\".b +.\} +.el \{\ +.br +.ie !"\\$2"" \{\ +\&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP +.\} +.el \{\ +\&\\fI\\$1\\fP +.\} +.\} +.. +.\" # define tabbing values for .AP +.de AS +.nr )A 10n +.if !"\\$1"" .nr )A \\w'\\$1'u+3n +.nr )B \\n()Au+15n +.\" +.if !"\\$2"" .nr )B \\w'\\$2'u+\\n()Au+3n +.nr )C \\n()Bu+\\w'(in/out)'u+2n +.. +.AS Tcl_Interp Tcl_CreateInterp in/out +.\" # BS - start boxed text +.\" # ^y = starting y location +.\" # ^b = 1 +.de BS +.br +.mk ^y +.nr ^b 1u +.if n .nf +.if n .ti 0 +.if n \l'\\n(.lu\(ul' +.if n .fi +.. +.\" # BE - end boxed text (draw box now) +.de BE +.nf +.ti 0 +.mk ^t +.ie n \l'\\n(^lu\(ul' +.el \{\ +.\" Draw four-sided box normally, but don't draw top of +.\" box if the box started on an earlier page. +.ie !\\n(^b-1 \{\ +\h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul' +.\} +.el \}\ +\h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul' +.\} +.\} +.fi +.br +.nr ^b 0 +.. +.\" # VS - start vertical sidebar +.\" # ^Y = starting y location +.\" # ^v = 1 (for troff; for nroff this doesn't matter) +.de VS +.if !"\\$2"" .br +.mk ^Y +.ie n 'mc \s12\(br\s0 +.el .nr ^v 1u +.. +.\" # VE - end of vertical sidebar +.de VE +.ie n 'mc +.el \{\ +.ev 2 +.nf +.ti 0 +.mk ^t +\h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\L'|\\n(^Yu-1v\(bv'\v'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu'\h'-|\\n(^lu+3n' +.sp -1 +.fi +.ev +.\} +.nr ^v 0 +.. +.\" # Special macro to handle page bottom: finish off current +.\" # box/sidebar if in box/sidebar mode, then invoked standard +.\" # page bottom macro. +.de ^B +.ev 2 +'ti 0 +'nf +.mk ^t +.if \\n(^b \{\ +.\" Draw three-sided box if this is the box's first page, +.\" draw two sides but no top otherwise. +.ie !\\n(^b-1 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c +.el \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c +.\} +.if \\n(^v \{\ +.nr ^x \\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu +\kx\h'-\\nxu'\h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\ky\L'-\\n(^xu'\v'\\n(^xu'\h'|0u'\c +.\} +.bp +'fi +.ev +.if \\n(^b \{\ +.mk ^y +.nr ^b 2 +.\} +.if \\n(^v \{\ +.mk ^Y +.\} +.. +.\" # DS - begin display +.de DS +.RS +.nf +.sp +.. +.\" # DE - end display +.de DE +.fi +.RE +.sp +.. +.\" # SO - start of list of standard options +.de SO +'ie '\\$1'' .ds So \\fBoptions\\fR +'el .ds So \\fB\\$1\\fR +.SH "STANDARD OPTIONS" +.LP +.nf +.ta 5.5c 11c +.ft B +.. +.\" # SE - end of list of standard options +.de SE +.fi +.ft R +.LP +See the \\*(So manual entry for details on the standard options. +.. +.\" # OP - start of full description for a single option +.de OP +.LP +.nf +.ta 4c +Command-Line Name: \\fB\\$1\\fR +Database Name: \\fB\\$2\\fR +Database Class: \\fB\\$3\\fR +.fi +.IP +.. +.\" # CS - begin code excerpt +.de CS +.RS +.nf +.ta .25i .5i .75i 1i +.. +.\" # CE - end code excerpt +.de CE +.fi +.RE +.. +.\" # UL - underline word +.de UL +\\$1\l'|0\(ul'\\$2 +.. +.\" # QW - apply quotation marks to word +.de QW +.ie '\\*(lq'"' ``\\$1''\\$2 +.\"" fix emacs highlighting +.el \\*(lq\\$1\\*(rq\\$2 +.. +.\" # PQ - apply parens and quotation marks to word +.de PQ +.ie '\\*(lq'"' (``\\$1''\\$2)\\$3 +.\"" fix emacs highlighting +.el (\\*(lq\\$1\\*(rq\\$2)\\$3 +.. +.\" # QR - quoted range +.de QR +.ie '\\*(lq'"' ``\\$1''\\-``\\$2''\\$3 +.\"" fix emacs highlighting +.el \\*(lq\\$1\\*(rq\\-\\*(lq\\$2\\*(rq\\$3 +.. +.\" # MT - "empty" string +.de MT +.QW "" +.. +.TH glob n 8.3 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands" +.BS +'\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below! +.SH NAME +glob \- Return names of files that match patterns +.SH SYNOPSIS +\fBglob \fR?\fIswitches\fR? \fIpattern \fR?\fIpattern ...\fR? +.BE + +.SH DESCRIPTION +.PP +This command performs file name +.QW globbing +in a fashion similar to +the csh shell. It returns a list of the files whose names match any +of the \fIpattern\fR arguments. No particular order is guaranteed +in the list, so if a sorted list is required the caller should use +\fBlsort\fR. +.LP +If the initial arguments to \fBglob\fR start with \fB\-\fR then +they are treated as switches. The following switches are +currently supported: +.TP +\fB\-directory\fR \fIdirectory\fR +Search for files which match the given patterns starting in the given +\fIdirectory\fR. This allows searching of directories whose name +contains glob-sensitive characters without the need to quote such +characters explicitly. This option may not be used in conjunction with +\fB\-path\fR, which is used to allow searching for complete file paths +whose names may contain glob-sensitive characters. +.TP +\fB\-join\fR +The remaining pattern arguments, after option processing, are treated +as a single pattern obtained by joining the arguments with directory +separators. +.TP +\fB\-nocomplain\fR +Allows an empty list to be returned without error; without this +switch an error is returned if the result list would be empty. +.TP +\fB\-path\fR \fIpathPrefix\fR +Search for files with the given \fIpathPrefix\fR where the rest of the name +matches the given patterns. This allows searching for files with names +similar to a given file (as opposed to a directory) even when the names +contain glob-sensitive +characters. This option may not be used in conjunction with +\fB\-directory\fR. For example, to find all files with the same root name +as $path, but differing extensions, you should use \fBglob +-path [file rootname $path] .*\fR which will work even if $path contains +numerous glob-sensitive characters. +.TP +\fB\-tails\fR +Only return the part of each file found which follows the last directory +named in any \fB\-directory\fR or \fB\-path\fR path specification. +Thus \fBglob -tails -directory $dir *\fR is equivalent to +\fBset pwd [pwd] ; cd $dir ; glob *; cd $pwd\fR. For +\fB\-path\fR specifications, the returned names will include the last +path segment, so \fBglob -tails -path [file rootname ~/foo.tex] .*\fR +will return paths like \fBfoo.aux foo.bib foo.tex\fR etc. +.TP +\fB\-types\fR \fItypeList\fR +Only list files or directories which match \fItypeList\fR, where the items +in the list have two forms. The first form is like the \-type option of +the Unix find command: +\fIb\fR (block special file), +\fIc\fR (character special file), +\fId\fR (directory), +\fIf\fR (plain file), +\fIl\fR (symbolic link), +\fIp\fR (named pipe), +or \fIs\fR (socket), where multiple types may be specified in the list. +\fBGlob\fR will return all files which match at least one of the types given. +Note that symbolic links will be returned both if \fB\-types l\fR is given, +or if the target of a link matches the requested type. So, a link to +a directory will be returned if \fB\-types d\fR was specified. +.RS +.PP +The second form specifies types where all the types given must match. +These are \fIr\fR, \fIw\fR, \fIx\fR as file permissions, and +\fIreadonly\fR, \fIhidden\fR as special permission cases. On the +Macintosh, MacOS types and creators are also supported, where any item +which is four characters long is assumed to be a MacOS type +(e.g. \fBTEXT\fR). Items which are of the form \fI{macintosh type XXXX}\fR +or \fI{macintosh creator XXXX}\fR will match types or creators +respectively. Unrecognized types, or specifications of multiple MacOS +types/creators will signal an error. +.PP +The two forms may be mixed, so \fB\-types {d f r w}\fR will find all +regular files OR directories that have both read AND write permissions. +The following are equivalent: +.RS +.CS +\fBglob \-type d *\fR +\fBglob */\fR +.CE +.RE +except that the first case doesn't return the trailing +.QW / +and is more platform independent. +.RE +.TP +\fB\-\|\-\fR +Marks the end of switches. The argument following this one will +be treated as a \fIpattern\fR even if it starts with a \fB\-\fR. +.PP +The \fIpattern\fR arguments may contain any of the following +special characters: +.TP 10 +\fB?\fR +Matches any single character. +.TP 10 +\fB*\fR +Matches any sequence of zero or more characters. +.TP 10 +\fB[\fIchars\fB]\fR +Matches any single character in \fIchars\fR. If \fIchars\fR +contains a sequence of the form \fIa\fB\-\fIb\fR then any +character between \fIa\fR and \fIb\fR (inclusive) will match. +.TP 10 +\fB\e\fIx\fR +Matches the character \fIx\fR. +.TP 10 +\fB{\fIa\fB,\fIb\fB,\fI...\fR} +Matches any of the strings \fIa\fR, \fIb\fR, etc. +.LP +On Unix, as with csh, a +.QW . +at the beginning of a file's name or just after a +.QW / +must be matched explicitly or with a {} construct, unless the +\fB\-types hidden\fR flag is given (since +.QW . +at the beginning of a file's name indicates that it is hidden). On +other platforms, files beginning with a +.QW . +are handled no differently to any others, except the special directories +.QW . +and +.QW .. +which must be matched explicitly (this is to avoid a recursive pattern like +.QW "glob -join * * * *" +from recursing up the directory hierarchy as well as down). In addition, all +.QW / +characters must be matched explicitly. +.LP +If the first character in a \fIpattern\fR is +.QW ~ +then it refers to the home directory for the user whose name follows the +.QW ~ . +If the +.QW ~ +is followed immediately by +.QW / +then the value of the HOME environment variable is used. +.LP +The \fBglob\fR command differs from csh globbing in two ways. +First, it does not sort its result list (use the \fBlsort\fR +command if you want the list sorted). +Second, \fBglob\fR only returns the names of files that actually +exist; in csh no check for existence is made unless a pattern +contains a ?, *, or [] construct. +.LP +When the \fBglob\fR command returns relative paths whose filenames +start with a tilde +.QW ~ +(for example through \fBglob *\fR or \fBglob -tails\fR, the returned +list will not quote the tilde with +.QW ./ . +This means care must be taken if those names are later to +be used with \fBfile join\fR, to avoid them being interpreted as +absolute paths pointing to a given user's home directory. +.SH "PORTABILITY ISSUES" +.PP +\fBWindows\fR +. +For Windows UNC names, the servername and sharename components of the path +may not contain ?, *, or [] constructs. On Windows NT, if \fIpattern\fR is +of the form +.QW \fB~\fIusername\fB@\fIdomain\fR , +it refers to the home +directory of the user whose account information resides on the specified NT +domain server. Otherwise, user account information is obtained from +the local computer. On Windows 95 and 98, \fBglob\fR accepts patterns +like +.QW .../ +and +.QW ..../ +for successively higher up parent directories. +.PP +Since the backslash character has a special meaning to the glob +command, glob patterns containing Windows style path separators need +special care. The pattern \fIC:\e\efoo\e\e*\fR is interpreted as +\fIC:\efoo\e*\fR where \fI\ef\fR will match the single character \fIf\fR +and \fI\e*\fR will match the single character \fI*\fR and will not be +interpreted as a wildcard character. One solution to this problem is +to use the Unix style forward slash as a path separator. Windows style +paths can be converted to Unix style paths with the command \fBfile +join $path\fR (or \fBfile normalize $path\fR in Tcl 8.4). +.SH EXAMPLES +Find all the Tcl files in the current directory: +.CS +\fBglob\fR *.tcl +.CE +.PP +Find all the Tcl files in the user's home directory, irrespective of +what the current directory is: +.CS +\fBglob\fR \-directory ~ *.tcl +.CE +.PP +Find all subdirectories of the current directory: +.CS +\fBglob\fR \-type d * +.CE +.PP +Find all files whose name contains an +.QW a , +a +.QW b +or the sequence +.QW cde : +.CS +\fBglob\fR \-type f *{a,b,cde}* +.CE + +.SH "SEE ALSO" +file(n) + +.SH KEYWORDS +exist, file, glob, pattern |