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cells:
- markdown: |
# Making GUIs with Tkinter
- Widgets
- Geometry management
- Packing
- Layout
- Events
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slide_type: slide
- markdown: |
## Widgets
- Basic elements of the UI toolkit
- Label
- Button
- Entry
- ComboBox
- CheckButton
- Radio
- ScrolledText
- SpinBox
- MenuBar
- Menu
- Canvas
- Frame
- ...
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- code: |
# Starting up on IPython/Jupyter
%gui tk
metadata:
slideshow:
slide_type: slide
- code: |
import tkinter as tk
- code: |
root = tk.Tk()
l = tk.Label(root, text='Hello world!')
l.pack()
- code: |
root = tk.Tk()
f = tk.Frame(master=root)
f.pack()
l = tk.Label(f, text='Hello world!')
l.pack()
- code: |
f.destroy()
# or
f.quit()
- markdown: |
## Doing more with widgets
- Create a simple window with label and button
- Configuration of the widgets
- When button is clicked do something.
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- code: |
root = tk.Tk()
f = tk.Frame(master=root)
f.pack()
l = tk.Label(f, text='Hello world!')
l.pack()
b = tk.Button(f, text='Click me!', fg='red')
b.pack()
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slideshow:
slide_type: slide
- code: |
# Configuring the widgets
l['fg'] = 'red'
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slideshow:
slide_type: slide
- code: |
l['text'] = 'Hello'
- code: |
l.config(text='Hello world!')
- code: |
root = tk.Tk()
f = tk.Frame(master=root)
f.pack()
l = tk.Label(f, text='Hello world!')
l.pack()
b = tk.Button(f, text='Click me!', fg='red')
b.pack()
metadata:
slideshow:
slide_type: slide
- code: |
# Doing something on clicked.
def clicked():
print("Hello")
b.config(command=clicked)
# or
#b.configure(command=clicked)
- markdown: |
## Exercise
- Write code to change the label's text and fg color on clicked
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- code: |
# Solution
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- markdown: |
## Creating an application
- Create a standalone application with Tkinter
- Must explicitly start the mainloop.
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slide_type: slide
- code: |
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
f = tk.Frame(master=root)
f.pack()
l = tk.Label(f, text='Hello world!')
l.pack()
def clicked():
print("Hello")
b = tk.Button(f, text='Click me!', fg='red', command=clicked)
b.pack()
root.mainloop()
metadata:
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slide_type: slide
- markdown: |
## Geometry management
- `pack`
- `grid`
- `place` -- not covered
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slide_type: slide
- code: |
l.pack?
- code: |
root = tk.Tk()
f = tk.Frame(master=root)
f.pack()
l = tk.Label(f, text='Hello world!')
l.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
b = tk.Button(f, text='Click me!', fg='red')
b.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
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slide_type: slide
- code: |
l.grid?
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slideshow:
slide_type: slide
- code: |
root = tk.Tk()
f = tk.Frame(master=root)
f.pack()
l = tk.Label(f, text='Hello world!')
l.grid(row=0, column=0)
b = tk.Button(f, text='Click me!', fg='red')
b.grid(row=0, column=1)
- markdown: |
## Other useful widgets
- Entry
- Checkbutton
- Combobox
metadata:
slideshow:
slide_type: slide
- code: |
root = tk.Tk()
f = tk.Frame(master=root)
f.pack()
l = tk.Label(f, text='Enter value')
l.grid(row=0, column=0)
e = tk.Entry(f, width=10)
e.grid(row=0, column=1)
def clicked():
print(e.get())
b = tk.Button(f, text='OK', command=clicked)
b.grid(row=1, columnspan=2)
# Use e.set to set the value.
metadata:
slideshow:
slide_type: slide
- code: |
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
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slideshow:
slide_type: slide
- code: |
root = tk.Tk()
f = tk.Frame(master=root)
f.pack()
cb = ttk.Combobox(f, values=[1, 2, 3, 'hello'])
cb.pack()
- code: |
cb.set(2)
cb.current()
cb.current(0)
cb.get()
- markdown: |
## Special variables
- A variable that is auto-updated based on UI
- Update variable, and UI updates.
- `StringVar`
- `IntVar`
- `DoubleVar`
- `BooleanVar`
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- code: |
root = tk.Tk()
f = tk.Frame(master=root)
f.pack()
cvar = tk.BooleanVar()
cvar.set(False)
cb = tk.Checkbutton(f, text='Select', variable=cvar)
cb.pack()
- code: |
cvar.set(True)
- code: |
cvar.set(False)
- code: |
cvar.get()
- markdown: |
## Events and binding
- Use the `bind` method on widgets
- Pass a callback
metadata:
slideshow:
slide_type: slide
- code: |
root = tk.Tk()
f = tk.Frame(master=root)
f.pack()
b = tk.Button(f, text='Click me!')
b.pack()
metadata:
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slide_type: slide
- code: |
def on_mouse1(event):
print('M1', event)
def on_mouse2(event):
print('M2', event)
b.bind('<Button-1>', on_mouse1)
b.bind('<Button-2>', on_mouse2)
- markdown: |
## More information
- https://docs.python.org/3/library/tk.html
- http://effbot.org/tkinterbook/
- https://www.edureka.co/blog/tkinter-tutorial/
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