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authorNishanth Amuluru2011-01-08 11:20:57 +0530
committerNishanth Amuluru2011-01-08 11:20:57 +0530
commit65411d01d448ff0cd4abd14eee14cf60b5f8fc20 (patch)
treeb4c404363c4c63a61d6e2f8bd26c5b057c1fb09d /parts/django/docs/howto/deployment
parent2e35094d43b4cc6974172e1febf76abb50f086ec (diff)
downloadpytask-65411d01d448ff0cd4abd14eee14cf60b5f8fc20.tar.gz
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pytask-65411d01d448ff0cd4abd14eee14cf60b5f8fc20.zip
Added buildout stuff and made changes accordingly
--HG-- rename : profile/management/__init__.py => eggs/djangorecipe-0.20-py2.6.egg/EGG-INFO/dependency_links.txt rename : profile/management/__init__.py => eggs/djangorecipe-0.20-py2.6.egg/EGG-INFO/not-zip-safe rename : profile/management/__init__.py => eggs/infrae.subversion-1.4.5-py2.6.egg/EGG-INFO/dependency_links.txt rename : profile/management/__init__.py => eggs/infrae.subversion-1.4.5-py2.6.egg/EGG-INFO/not-zip-safe rename : profile/management/__init__.py => eggs/mercurial-1.7.3-py2.6-linux-x86_64.egg/EGG-INFO/dependency_links.txt rename : profile/management/__init__.py => eggs/mercurial-1.7.3-py2.6-linux-x86_64.egg/EGG-INFO/not-zip-safe rename : profile/management/__init__.py => eggs/py-1.4.0-py2.6.egg/EGG-INFO/dependency_links.txt rename : profile/management/__init__.py => eggs/py-1.4.0-py2.6.egg/EGG-INFO/not-zip-safe rename : profile/management/__init__.py => eggs/zc.buildout-1.5.2-py2.6.egg/EGG-INFO/dependency_links.txt rename : profile/management/__init__.py => eggs/zc.buildout-1.5.2-py2.6.egg/EGG-INFO/not-zip-safe rename : profile/management/__init__.py => eggs/zc.recipe.egg-1.3.2-py2.6.egg/EGG-INFO/dependency_links.txt rename : profile/management/__init__.py => eggs/zc.recipe.egg-1.3.2-py2.6.egg/EGG-INFO/not-zip-safe rename : profile/management/__init__.py => parts/django/Django.egg-info/dependency_links.txt rename : taskapp/models.py => parts/django/django/conf/app_template/models.py rename : taskapp/tests.py => parts/django/django/conf/app_template/tests.py rename : taskapp/views.py => parts/django/django/conf/app_template/views.py rename : taskapp/views.py => parts/django/django/contrib/gis/tests/geo3d/views.py rename : profile/management/__init__.py => parts/django/tests/modeltests/delete/__init__.py rename : profile/management/__init__.py => parts/django/tests/modeltests/files/__init__.py rename : profile/management/__init__.py => parts/django/tests/modeltests/invalid_models/__init__.py rename : profile/management/__init__.py => parts/django/tests/modeltests/m2m_signals/__init__.py rename : profile/management/__init__.py => parts/django/tests/modeltests/model_package/__init__.py rename : profile/management/__init__.py => parts/django/tests/regressiontests/bash_completion/__init__.py rename : profile/management/__init__.py => parts/django/tests/regressiontests/bash_completion/management/__init__.py rename : profile/management/__init__.py => parts/django/tests/regressiontests/bash_completion/management/commands/__init__.py rename : profile/management/__init__.py => parts/django/tests/regressiontests/bash_completion/models.py rename : profile/management/__init__.py => parts/django/tests/regressiontests/delete_regress/__init__.py rename : profile/management/__init__.py => parts/django/tests/regressiontests/file_storage/__init__.py rename : profile/management/__init__.py => parts/django/tests/regressiontests/max_lengths/__init__.py rename : profile/forms.py => pytask/profile/forms.py rename : profile/management/__init__.py => pytask/profile/management/__init__.py rename : profile/management/commands/seed_db.py => pytask/profile/management/commands/seed_db.py rename : profile/models.py => pytask/profile/models.py rename : profile/templatetags/user_tags.py => pytask/profile/templatetags/user_tags.py rename : taskapp/tests.py => pytask/profile/tests.py rename : profile/urls.py => pytask/profile/urls.py rename : profile/utils.py => pytask/profile/utils.py rename : profile/views.py => pytask/profile/views.py rename : static/css/base.css => pytask/static/css/base.css rename : taskapp/tests.py => pytask/taskapp/tests.py rename : taskapp/views.py => pytask/taskapp/views.py rename : templates/base.html => pytask/templates/base.html rename : templates/profile/browse_notifications.html => pytask/templates/profile/browse_notifications.html rename : templates/profile/edit.html => pytask/templates/profile/edit.html rename : templates/profile/view.html => pytask/templates/profile/view.html rename : templates/profile/view_notification.html => pytask/templates/profile/view_notification.html rename : templates/registration/activate.html => pytask/templates/registration/activate.html rename : templates/registration/activation_email.txt => pytask/templates/registration/activation_email.txt rename : templates/registration/activation_email_subject.txt => pytask/templates/registration/activation_email_subject.txt rename : templates/registration/logged_out.html => pytask/templates/registration/logged_out.html rename : templates/registration/login.html => pytask/templates/registration/login.html rename : templates/registration/logout.html => pytask/templates/registration/logout.html rename : templates/registration/password_change_done.html => pytask/templates/registration/password_change_done.html rename : templates/registration/password_change_form.html => pytask/templates/registration/password_change_form.html rename : templates/registration/password_reset_complete.html => pytask/templates/registration/password_reset_complete.html rename : templates/registration/password_reset_confirm.html => pytask/templates/registration/password_reset_confirm.html rename : templates/registration/password_reset_done.html => pytask/templates/registration/password_reset_done.html rename : templates/registration/password_reset_email.html => pytask/templates/registration/password_reset_email.html rename : templates/registration/password_reset_form.html => pytask/templates/registration/password_reset_form.html rename : templates/registration/registration_complete.html => pytask/templates/registration/registration_complete.html rename : templates/registration/registration_form.html => pytask/templates/registration/registration_form.html rename : utils.py => pytask/utils.py
Diffstat (limited to 'parts/django/docs/howto/deployment')
-rw-r--r--parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/fastcgi.txt400
-rw-r--r--parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/index.txt25
-rw-r--r--parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/modpython.txt418
-rw-r--r--parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/modwsgi.txt118
4 files changed, 961 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/fastcgi.txt b/parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/fastcgi.txt
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/fastcgi.txt
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+============================================
+How to use Django with FastCGI, SCGI, or AJP
+============================================
+
+.. highlight:: bash
+
+Although the current preferred setup for running Django is :doc:`Apache with
+mod_wsgi </howto/deployment/modwsgi>`, many people use shared hosting, on
+which protocols such as FastCGI, SCGI or AJP are the only viable options. In
+some setups, these protocols may provide better performance than mod_wsgi_.
+
+.. admonition:: Note
+
+ This document primarily focuses on FastCGI. Other protocols, such as SCGI
+ and AJP, are also supported, through the ``flup`` Python package. See the
+ Protocols_ section below for specifics about SCGI and AJP.
+
+Essentially, FastCGI is an efficient way of letting an external application
+serve pages to a Web server. The Web server delegates the incoming Web requests
+(via a socket) to FastCGI, which executes the code and passes the response back
+to the Web server, which, in turn, passes it back to the client's Web browser.
+
+Like mod_python, FastCGI allows code to stay in memory, allowing requests to be
+served with no startup time. Unlike mod_python_ (or `mod_perl`_), a FastCGI
+process doesn't run inside the Web server process, but in a separate,
+persistent process.
+
+.. _mod_wsgi: http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/
+.. _mod_perl: http://perl.apache.org/
+.. _mod_python: http://www.modpython.org/
+
+.. admonition:: Why run code in a separate process?
+
+ The traditional ``mod_*`` arrangements in Apache embed various scripting
+ languages (most notably PHP, Python and Perl) inside the process space of
+ your Web server. Although this lowers startup time -- because code doesn't
+ have to be read off disk for every request -- it comes at the cost of
+ memory use. For mod_python, for example, every Apache process gets its own
+ Python interpreter, which uses up a considerable amount of RAM.
+
+ Due to the nature of FastCGI, it's even possible to have processes that run
+ under a different user account than the Web server process. That's a nice
+ security benefit on shared systems, because it means you can secure your
+ code from other users.
+
+Prerequisite: flup
+==================
+
+Before you can start using FastCGI with Django, you'll need to install flup_, a
+Python library for dealing with FastCGI. Version 0.5 or newer should work fine.
+
+.. _flup: http://www.saddi.com/software/flup/
+
+Starting your FastCGI server
+============================
+
+FastCGI operates on a client-server model, and in most cases you'll be starting
+the FastCGI process on your own. Your Web server (be it Apache, lighttpd, or
+otherwise) only contacts your Django-FastCGI process when the server needs a
+dynamic page to be loaded. Because the daemon is already running with the code
+in memory, it's able to serve the response very quickly.
+
+.. admonition:: Note
+
+ If you're on a shared hosting system, you'll probably be forced to use
+ Web server-managed FastCGI processes. See the section below on running
+ Django with Web server-managed processes for more information.
+
+A Web server can connect to a FastCGI server in one of two ways: It can use
+either a Unix domain socket (a "named pipe" on Win32 systems), or it can use a
+TCP socket. What you choose is a manner of preference; a TCP socket is usually
+easier due to permissions issues.
+
+To start your server, first change into the directory of your project (wherever
+your :doc:`manage.py </ref/django-admin>` is), and then run the
+:djadmin:`runfcgi` command::
+
+ ./manage.py runfcgi [options]
+
+If you specify ``help`` as the only option after :djadmin:`runfcgi`, it'll
+display a list of all the available options.
+
+You'll need to specify either a :djadminopt:`socket`, a :djadminopt:`protocol`
+or both :djadminopt:`host` and :djadminopt:`port`. Then, when you set up your
+Web server, you'll just need to point it at the host/port or socket you
+specified when starting the FastCGI server. See the examples_, below.
+
+Protocols
+---------
+
+Django supports all the protocols that flup_ does, namely fastcgi_, `SCGI`_ and
+`AJP1.3`_ (the Apache JServ Protocol, version 1.3). Select your preferred
+protocol by using the :djadminopt:`protocol=\<protocol_name\> <protocol>` option
+with ``./manage.py runfcgi`` -- where ``<protocol_name>`` may be one of:
+``fcgi`` (the default), ``scgi`` or ``ajp``. For example::
+
+ ./manage.py runfcgi protocol=scgi
+
+.. _flup: http://www.saddi.com/software/flup/
+.. _fastcgi: http://www.fastcgi.com/
+.. _SCGI: http://python.ca/scgi/protocol.txt
+.. _AJP1.3: http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html
+
+Examples
+--------
+
+Running a threaded server on a TCP port::
+
+ ./manage.py runfcgi method=threaded host=127.0.0.1 port=3033
+
+Running a preforked server on a Unix domain socket::
+
+ ./manage.py runfcgi method=prefork socket=/home/user/mysite.sock pidfile=django.pid
+
+.. admonition:: Socket security
+
+ Django's default umask requires that the webserver and the Django fastcgi
+ process be run with the same group **and** user. For increased security,
+ you can run them under the same group but as different users. If you do
+ this, you will need to set the umask to 0002 using the ``umask`` argument
+ to ``runfcgi``.
+
+Run without daemonizing (backgrounding) the process (good for debugging)::
+
+ ./manage.py runfcgi daemonize=false socket=/tmp/mysite.sock maxrequests=1
+
+Stopping the FastCGI daemon
+---------------------------
+
+If you have the process running in the foreground, it's easy enough to stop it:
+Simply hitting ``Ctrl-C`` will stop and quit the FastCGI server. However, when
+you're dealing with background processes, you'll need to resort to the Unix
+``kill`` command.
+
+If you specify the :djadminopt:`pidfile` option to :djadmin:`runfcgi`, you can
+kill the running FastCGI daemon like this::
+
+ kill `cat $PIDFILE`
+
+...where ``$PIDFILE`` is the ``pidfile`` you specified.
+
+To easily restart your FastCGI daemon on Unix, try this small shell script::
+
+ #!/bin/bash
+
+ # Replace these three settings.
+ PROJDIR="/home/user/myproject"
+ PIDFILE="$PROJDIR/mysite.pid"
+ SOCKET="$PROJDIR/mysite.sock"
+
+ cd $PROJDIR
+ if [ -f $PIDFILE ]; then
+ kill `cat -- $PIDFILE`
+ rm -f -- $PIDFILE
+ fi
+
+ exec /usr/bin/env - \
+ PYTHONPATH="../python:.." \
+ ./manage.py runfcgi socket=$SOCKET pidfile=$PIDFILE
+
+Apache setup
+============
+
+To use Django with Apache and FastCGI, you'll need Apache installed and
+configured, with `mod_fastcgi`_ installed and enabled. Consult the Apache
+documentation for instructions.
+
+Once you've got that set up, point Apache at your Django FastCGI instance by
+editing the ``httpd.conf`` (Apache configuration) file. You'll need to do two
+things:
+
+ * Use the ``FastCGIExternalServer`` directive to specify the location of
+ your FastCGI server.
+ * Use ``mod_rewrite`` to point URLs at FastCGI as appropriate.
+
+.. _mod_fastcgi: http://www.fastcgi.com/mod_fastcgi/docs/mod_fastcgi.html
+
+Specifying the location of the FastCGI server
+---------------------------------------------
+
+The ``FastCGIExternalServer`` directive tells Apache how to find your FastCGI
+server. As the `FastCGIExternalServer docs`_ explain, you can specify either a
+``socket`` or a ``host``. Here are examples of both:
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+ # Connect to FastCGI via a socket / named pipe.
+ FastCGIExternalServer /home/user/public_html/mysite.fcgi -socket /home/user/mysite.sock
+
+ # Connect to FastCGI via a TCP host/port.
+ FastCGIExternalServer /home/user/public_html/mysite.fcgi -host 127.0.0.1:3033
+
+In either case, the file ``/home/user/public_html/mysite.fcgi`` doesn't
+actually have to exist. It's just a URL used by the Web server internally -- a
+hook for signifying which requests at a URL should be handled by FastCGI. (More
+on this in the next section.)
+
+.. _FastCGIExternalServer docs: http://www.fastcgi.com/mod_fastcgi/docs/mod_fastcgi.html#FastCgiExternalServer
+
+Using mod_rewrite to point URLs at FastCGI
+------------------------------------------
+
+The second step is telling Apache to use FastCGI for URLs that match a certain
+pattern. To do this, use the `mod_rewrite`_ module and rewrite URLs to
+``mysite.fcgi`` (or whatever you specified in the ``FastCGIExternalServer``
+directive, as explained in the previous section).
+
+In this example, we tell Apache to use FastCGI to handle any request that
+doesn't represent a file on the filesystem and doesn't start with ``/media/``.
+This is probably the most common case, if you're using Django's admin site:
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+ <VirtualHost 12.34.56.78>
+ ServerName example.com
+ DocumentRoot /home/user/public_html
+ Alias /media /home/user/python/django/contrib/admin/media
+ RewriteEngine On
+ RewriteRule ^/(media.*)$ /$1 [QSA,L,PT]
+ RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
+ RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ /mysite.fcgi/$1 [QSA,L]
+ </VirtualHost>
+
+.. _mod_rewrite: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/mod/mod_rewrite.html
+
+Django will automatically use the pre-rewrite version of the URL when
+constructing URLs with the ``{% url %}`` template tag (and similar methods).
+
+lighttpd setup
+==============
+
+lighttpd_ is a lightweight Web server commonly used for serving static files. It
+supports FastCGI natively and, thus, is a good choice for serving both static
+and dynamic pages, if your site doesn't have any Apache-specific needs.
+
+.. _lighttpd: http://www.lighttpd.net/
+
+Make sure ``mod_fastcgi`` is in your modules list, somewhere after
+``mod_rewrite`` and ``mod_access``, but not after ``mod_accesslog``. You'll
+probably want ``mod_alias`` as well, for serving admin media.
+
+Add the following to your lighttpd config file:
+
+.. code-block:: lua
+
+ server.document-root = "/home/user/public_html"
+ fastcgi.server = (
+ "/mysite.fcgi" => (
+ "main" => (
+ # Use host / port instead of socket for TCP fastcgi
+ # "host" => "127.0.0.1",
+ # "port" => 3033,
+ "socket" => "/home/user/mysite.sock",
+ "check-local" => "disable",
+ )
+ ),
+ )
+ alias.url = (
+ "/media" => "/home/user/django/contrib/admin/media/",
+ )
+
+ url.rewrite-once = (
+ "^(/media.*)$" => "$1",
+ "^/favicon\.ico$" => "/media/favicon.ico",
+ "^(/.*)$" => "/mysite.fcgi$1",
+ )
+
+Running multiple Django sites on one lighttpd
+---------------------------------------------
+
+lighttpd lets you use "conditional configuration" to allow configuration to be
+customized per host. To specify multiple FastCGI sites, just add a conditional
+block around your FastCGI config for each site::
+
+ # If the hostname is 'www.example1.com'...
+ $HTTP["host"] == "www.example1.com" {
+ server.document-root = "/foo/site1"
+ fastcgi.server = (
+ ...
+ )
+ ...
+ }
+
+ # If the hostname is 'www.example2.com'...
+ $HTTP["host"] == "www.example2.com" {
+ server.document-root = "/foo/site2"
+ fastcgi.server = (
+ ...
+ )
+ ...
+ }
+
+You can also run multiple Django installations on the same site simply by
+specifying multiple entries in the ``fastcgi.server`` directive. Add one
+FastCGI host for each.
+
+Cherokee setup
+==============
+
+Cherokee is a very fast, flexible and easy to configure Web Server. It
+supports the widespread technologies nowadays: FastCGI, SCGI, PHP, CGI, SSI,
+TLS and SSL encrypted connections, Virtual hosts, Authentication, on the fly
+encoding, Load Balancing, Apache compatible log files, Data Base Balancer,
+Reverse HTTP Proxy and much more.
+
+The Cherokee project provides a documentation to `setting up Django`_ with Cherokee.
+
+.. _setting up Django: http://www.cherokee-project.com/doc/cookbook_django.html
+
+Running Django on a shared-hosting provider with Apache
+=======================================================
+
+Many shared-hosting providers don't allow you to run your own server daemons or
+edit the ``httpd.conf`` file. In these cases, it's still possible to run Django
+using Web server-spawned processes.
+
+.. admonition:: Note
+
+ If you're using Web server-spawned processes, as explained in this section,
+ there's no need for you to start the FastCGI server on your own. Apache
+ will spawn a number of processes, scaling as it needs to.
+
+In your Web root directory, add this to a file named ``.htaccess``:
+
+.. code-block:: apache
+
+ AddHandler fastcgi-script .fcgi
+ RewriteEngine On
+ RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
+ RewriteRule ^(.*)$ mysite.fcgi/$1 [QSA,L]
+
+Then, create a small script that tells Apache how to spawn your FastCGI
+program. Create a file ``mysite.fcgi`` and place it in your Web directory, and
+be sure to make it executable:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+ #!/usr/bin/python
+ import sys, os
+
+ # Add a custom Python path.
+ sys.path.insert(0, "/home/user/python")
+
+ # Switch to the directory of your project. (Optional.)
+ # os.chdir("/home/user/myproject")
+
+ # Set the DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE environment variable.
+ os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = "myproject.settings"
+
+ from django.core.servers.fastcgi import runfastcgi
+ runfastcgi(method="threaded", daemonize="false")
+
+Restarting the spawned server
+-----------------------------
+
+If you change any Python code on your site, you'll need to tell FastCGI the
+code has changed. But there's no need to restart Apache in this case. Rather,
+just reupload ``mysite.fcgi``, or edit the file, so that the timestamp on the
+file will change. When Apache sees the file has been updated, it will restart
+your Django application for you.
+
+If you have access to a command shell on a Unix system, you can accomplish this
+easily by using the ``touch`` command::
+
+ touch mysite.fcgi
+
+Serving admin media files
+=========================
+
+Regardless of the server and configuration you eventually decide to use, you
+will also need to give some thought to how to serve the admin media files. The
+advice given in the :ref:`modpython <serving-the-admin-files>` documentation
+is also applicable in the setups detailed above.
+
+Forcing the URL prefix to a particular value
+============================================
+
+Because many of these fastcgi-based solutions require rewriting the URL at
+some point inside the Web server, the path information that Django sees may not
+resemble the original URL that was passed in. This is a problem if the Django
+application is being served from under a particular prefix and you want your
+URLs from the ``{% url %}`` tag to look like the prefix, rather than the
+rewritten version, which might contain, for example, ``mysite.fcgi``.
+
+Django makes a good attempt to work out what the real script name prefix
+should be. In particular, if the Web server sets the ``SCRIPT_URL`` (specific
+to Apache's mod_rewrite), or ``REDIRECT_URL`` (set by a few servers, including
+Apache + mod_rewrite in some situations), Django will work out the original
+prefix automatically.
+
+In the cases where Django cannot work out the prefix correctly and where you
+want the original value to be used in URLs, you can set the
+:setting:`FORCE_SCRIPT_NAME` setting in your main ``settings`` file. This sets the
+script name uniformly for every URL served via that settings file. Thus you'll
+need to use different settings files if you want different sets of URLs to
+have different script names in this case, but that is a rare situation.
+
+As an example of how to use it, if your Django configuration is serving all of
+the URLs under ``'/'`` and you wanted to use this setting, you would set
+``FORCE_SCRIPT_NAME = ''`` in your settings file.
diff --git a/parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/index.txt b/parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/index.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..740f9bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/index.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+Deploying Django
+================
+
+Django's chock-full of shortcuts to make Web developer's lives easier, but all
+those tools are of no use if you can't easily deploy your sites. Since Django's
+inception, ease of deployment has been a major goal. There's a number of good
+ways to easily deploy Django:
+
+.. toctree::
+ :maxdepth: 1
+
+ modwsgi
+ modpython
+ fastcgi
+
+If you're new to deploying Django and/or Python, we'd recommend you try
+:doc:`mod_wsgi </howto/deployment/modwsgi>` first. In most cases it'll be the easiest,
+fastest, and most stable deployment choice.
+
+.. seealso::
+
+ * `Chapter 12 of The Django Book`_ discusses deployment and especially
+ scaling in more detail.
+
+.. _chapter 12 of the django book: http://djangobook.com/en/2.0/chapter12/
diff --git a/parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/modpython.txt b/parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/modpython.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba55335
--- /dev/null
+++ b/parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/modpython.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+.. _howto-deployment-modpython:
+
+============================================
+How to use Django with Apache and mod_python
+============================================
+
+.. warning::
+
+ Support for mod_python will be deprecated in a future release of Django. If
+ you are configuring a new deployment, you are strongly encouraged to
+ consider using :doc:`mod_wsgi </howto/deployment/modwsgi>` or any of the
+ other :doc:`supported backends </howto/deployment/index>`.
+
+.. highlight:: apache
+
+The `mod_python`_ module for Apache_ can be used to deploy Django to a
+production server, although it has been mostly superseded by the simpler
+:doc:`mod_wsgi deployment option </howto/deployment/modwsgi>`.
+
+mod_python is similar to (and inspired by) `mod_perl`_ : It embeds Python within
+Apache and loads Python code into memory when the server starts. Code stays in
+memory throughout the life of an Apache process, which leads to significant
+performance gains over other server arrangements.
+
+Django requires Apache 2.x and mod_python 3.x, and you should use Apache's
+`prefork MPM`_, as opposed to the `worker MPM`_.
+
+.. seealso::
+
+ * Apache is a big, complex animal, and this document only scratches the
+ surface of what Apache can do. If you need more advanced information about
+ Apache, there's no better source than `Apache's own official
+ documentation`_
+
+ * You may also be interested in :doc:`How to use Django with FastCGI, SCGI,
+ or AJP </howto/deployment/fastcgi>`.
+
+.. _Apache: http://httpd.apache.org/
+.. _mod_python: http://www.modpython.org/
+.. _mod_perl: http://perl.apache.org/
+.. _prefork MPM: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/prefork.html
+.. _worker MPM: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/worker.html
+.. _apache's own official documentation: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/
+
+Basic configuration
+===================
+
+To configure Django with mod_python, first make sure you have Apache installed,
+with the mod_python module activated.
+
+Then edit your ``httpd.conf`` file and add the following::
+
+ <Location "/mysite/">
+ SetHandler python-program
+ PythonHandler django.core.handlers.modpython
+ SetEnv DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE mysite.settings
+ PythonOption django.root /mysite
+ PythonDebug On
+ </Location>
+
+...and replace ``mysite.settings`` with the Python import path to your Django
+project's settings file.
+
+This tells Apache: "Use mod_python for any URL at or under '/mysite/', using the
+Django mod_python handler." It passes the value of :ref:`DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE
+<django-settings-module>` so mod_python knows which settings to use.
+
+.. versionadded:: 1.0
+ The ``PythonOption django.root ...`` is new in this version.
+
+Because mod_python does not know we are serving this site from underneath the
+``/mysite/`` prefix, this value needs to be passed through to the mod_python
+handler in Django, via the ``PythonOption django.root ...`` line. The value set
+on that line (the last item) should match the string given in the ``<Location
+...>`` directive. The effect of this is that Django will automatically strip the
+``/mysite`` string from the front of any URLs before matching them against your
+URLconf patterns. If you later move your site to live under ``/mysite2``, you
+will not have to change anything except the ``django.root`` option in the config
+file.
+
+When using ``django.root`` you should make sure that what's left, after the
+prefix has been removed, begins with a slash. Your URLconf patterns that are
+expecting an initial slash will then work correctly. In the above example,
+since we want to send things like ``/mysite/admin/`` to ``/admin/``, we need
+to remove the string ``/mysite`` from the beginning, so that is the
+``django.root`` value. It would be an error to use ``/mysite/`` (with a
+trailing slash) in this case.
+
+Note that we're using the ``<Location>`` directive, not the ``<Directory>``
+directive. The latter is used for pointing at places on your filesystem,
+whereas ``<Location>`` points at places in the URL structure of a Web site.
+``<Directory>`` would be meaningless here.
+
+Also, if your Django project is not on the default ``PYTHONPATH`` for your
+computer, you'll have to tell mod_python where your project can be found:
+
+.. parsed-literal::
+
+ <Location "/mysite/">
+ SetHandler python-program
+ PythonHandler django.core.handlers.modpython
+ SetEnv DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE mysite.settings
+ PythonOption django.root /mysite
+ PythonDebug On
+ **PythonPath "['/path/to/project'] + sys.path"**
+ </Location>
+
+The value you use for ``PythonPath`` should include the parent directories of
+all the modules you are going to import in your application. It should also
+include the parent directory of the :ref:`DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE
+<django-settings-module>` location. This is exactly the same situation as
+setting the Python path for interactive usage. Whenever you try to import
+something, Python will run through all the directories in ``sys.path`` in turn,
+from first to last, and try to import from each directory until one succeeds.
+
+Make sure that your Python source files' permissions are set such that the
+Apache user (usually named ``apache`` or ``httpd`` on most systems) will have
+read access to the files.
+
+An example might make this clearer. Suppose you have some applications under
+``/usr/local/django-apps/`` (for example, ``/usr/local/django-apps/weblog/`` and
+so forth), your settings file is at ``/var/www/mysite/settings.py`` and you have
+specified :ref:`DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE <django-settings-module>` as in the above
+example. In this case, you would need to write your ``PythonPath`` directive
+as::
+
+ PythonPath "['/usr/local/django-apps/', '/var/www'] + sys.path"
+
+With this path, ``import weblog`` and ``import mysite.settings`` will both
+work. If you had ``import blogroll`` in your code somewhere and ``blogroll``
+lived under the ``weblog/`` directory, you would *also* need to add
+``/usr/local/django-apps/weblog/`` to your ``PythonPath``. Remember: the
+**parent directories** of anything you import directly must be on the Python
+path.
+
+.. note::
+
+ If you're using Windows, we still recommended that you use forward
+ slashes in the pathnames, even though Windows normally uses the backslash
+ character as its native separator. Apache knows how to convert from the
+ forward slash format to the native format, so this approach is portable and
+ easier to read. (It avoids tricky problems with having to double-escape
+ backslashes.)
+
+ This is valid even on a Windows system::
+
+ PythonPath "['c:/path/to/project'] + sys.path"
+
+You can also add directives such as ``PythonAutoReload Off`` for performance.
+See the `mod_python documentation`_ for a full list of options.
+
+Note that you should set ``PythonDebug Off`` on a production server. If you
+leave ``PythonDebug On``, your users would see ugly (and revealing) Python
+tracebacks if something goes wrong within mod_python.
+
+Restart Apache, and any request to ``/mysite/`` or below will be served by
+Django. Note that Django's URLconfs won't trim the "/mysite/" -- they get passed
+the full URL.
+
+When deploying Django sites on mod_python, you'll need to restart Apache each
+time you make changes to your Python code.
+
+.. _mod_python documentation: http://modpython.org/live/current/doc-html/directives.html
+
+Multiple Django installations on the same Apache
+================================================
+
+It's entirely possible to run multiple Django installations on the same Apache
+instance. Just use ``VirtualHost`` for that, like so::
+
+ NameVirtualHost *
+
+ <VirtualHost *>
+ ServerName www.example.com
+ # ...
+ SetEnv DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE mysite.settings
+ </VirtualHost>
+
+ <VirtualHost *>
+ ServerName www2.example.com
+ # ...
+ SetEnv DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE mysite.other_settings
+ </VirtualHost>
+
+If you need to put two Django installations within the same ``VirtualHost``
+(or in different ``VirtualHost`` blocks that share the same server name),
+you'll need to take a special precaution to ensure mod_python's cache doesn't
+mess things up. Use the ``PythonInterpreter`` directive to give different
+``<Location>`` directives separate interpreters::
+
+ <VirtualHost *>
+ ServerName www.example.com
+ # ...
+ <Location "/something">
+ SetEnv DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE mysite.settings
+ PythonInterpreter mysite
+ </Location>
+
+ <Location "/otherthing">
+ SetEnv DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE mysite.other_settings
+ PythonInterpreter othersite
+ </Location>
+ </VirtualHost>
+
+The values of ``PythonInterpreter`` don't really matter, as long as they're
+different between the two ``Location`` blocks.
+
+Running a development server with mod_python
+============================================
+
+If you use mod_python for your development server, you can avoid the hassle of
+having to restart the server each time you make code changes. Just set
+``MaxRequestsPerChild 1`` in your ``httpd.conf`` file to force Apache to reload
+everything for each request. But don't do that on a production server, or we'll
+revoke your Django privileges.
+
+If you're the type of programmer who debugs using scattered ``print``
+statements, note that output to ``stdout`` will not appear in the Apache
+log and can even `cause response errors`_.
+
+.. _cause response errors: http://blog.dscpl.com.au/2009/04/wsgi-and-printing-to-standard-output.html
+
+If you have the need to print debugging information in a mod_python setup, you
+have a few options. You can print to ``stderr`` explicitly, like so::
+
+ print >> sys.stderr, 'debug text'
+ sys.stderr.flush()
+
+(note that ``stderr`` is buffered, so calling ``flush`` is necessary if you wish
+debugging information to be displayed promptly.)
+
+A more compact approach is to use an assertion::
+
+ assert False, 'debug text'
+
+Another alternative is to add debugging information to the template of your page.
+
+.. _serving-media-files:
+
+Serving media files
+===================
+
+Django doesn't serve media files itself; it leaves that job to whichever Web
+server you choose.
+
+We recommend using a separate Web server -- i.e., one that's not also running
+Django -- for serving media. Here are some good choices:
+
+ * lighttpd_
+ * Nginx_
+ * TUX_
+ * A stripped-down version of Apache_
+ * Cherokee_
+
+If, however, you have no option but to serve media files on the same Apache
+``VirtualHost`` as Django, here's how you can turn off mod_python for a
+particular part of the site::
+
+ <Location "/media">
+ SetHandler None
+ </Location>
+
+Just change ``Location`` to the root URL of your media files. You can also use
+``<LocationMatch>`` to match a regular expression.
+
+This example sets up Django at the site root but explicitly disables Django for
+the ``media`` subdirectory and any URL that ends with ``.jpg``, ``.gif`` or
+``.png``::
+
+ <Location "/">
+ SetHandler python-program
+ PythonHandler django.core.handlers.modpython
+ SetEnv DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE mysite.settings
+ </Location>
+
+ <Location "/media">
+ SetHandler None
+ </Location>
+
+ <LocationMatch "\.(jpg|gif|png)$">
+ SetHandler None
+ </LocationMatch>
+
+
+.. _lighttpd: http://www.lighttpd.net/
+.. _Nginx: http://wiki.nginx.org/Main
+.. _TUX: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TUX_web_server
+.. _Apache: http://httpd.apache.org/
+.. _Cherokee: http://www.cherokee-project.com/
+
+.. _serving-the-admin-files:
+
+Serving the admin files
+=======================
+
+Note that the Django development server automagically serves admin media files,
+but this is not the case when you use any other server arrangement. You're
+responsible for setting up Apache, or whichever media server you're using, to
+serve the admin files.
+
+The admin files live in (:file:`django/contrib/admin/media`) of the Django
+distribution.
+
+Here are two recommended approaches:
+
+ 1. Create a symbolic link to the admin media files from within your
+ document root. This way, all of your Django-related files -- code **and**
+ templates -- stay in one place, and you'll still be able to ``svn
+ update`` your code to get the latest admin templates, if they change.
+
+ 2. Or, copy the admin media files so that they live within your Apache
+ document root.
+
+Using "eggs" with mod_python
+============================
+
+If you installed Django from a Python egg_ or are using eggs in your Django
+project, some extra configuration is required. Create an extra file in your
+project (or somewhere else) that contains something like the following:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+ import os
+ os.environ['PYTHON_EGG_CACHE'] = '/some/directory'
+
+Here, ``/some/directory`` is a directory that the Apache Web server process can
+write to. It will be used as the location for any unpacking of code the eggs
+need to do.
+
+Then you have to tell mod_python to import this file before doing anything
+else. This is done using the PythonImport_ directive to mod_python. You need
+to ensure that you have specified the ``PythonInterpreter`` directive to
+mod_python as described above__ (you need to do this even if you aren't
+serving multiple installations in this case). Then add the ``PythonImport``
+line in the main server configuration (i.e., outside the ``Location`` or
+``VirtualHost`` sections). For example::
+
+ PythonInterpreter my_django
+ PythonImport /path/to/my/project/file.py my_django
+
+Note that you can use an absolute path here (or a normal dotted import path),
+as described in the `mod_python manual`_. We use an absolute path in the
+above example because if any Python path modifications are required to access
+your project, they will not have been done at the time the ``PythonImport``
+line is processed.
+
+.. _Egg: http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/PythonEggs
+.. _PythonImport: http://www.modpython.org/live/current/doc-html/dir-other-pimp.html
+.. _mod_python manual: PythonImport_
+__ `Multiple Django installations on the same Apache`_
+
+Error handling
+==============
+
+When you use Apache/mod_python, errors will be caught by Django -- in other
+words, they won't propagate to the Apache level and won't appear in the Apache
+``error_log``.
+
+The exception for this is if something is really wonky in your Django setup. In
+that case, you'll see an "Internal Server Error" page in your browser and the
+full Python traceback in your Apache ``error_log`` file. The ``error_log``
+traceback is spread over multiple lines. (Yes, this is ugly and rather hard to
+read, but it's how mod_python does things.)
+
+If you get a segmentation fault
+===============================
+
+If Apache causes a segmentation fault, there are two probable causes, neither
+of which has to do with Django itself.
+
+ 1. It may be because your Python code is importing the "pyexpat" module,
+ which may conflict with the version embedded in Apache. For full
+ information, see `Expat Causing Apache Crash`_.
+
+ 2. It may be because you're running mod_python and mod_php in the same
+ Apache instance, with MySQL as your database backend. In some cases,
+ this causes a known mod_python issue due to version conflicts in PHP and
+ the Python MySQL backend. There's full information in the
+ `mod_python FAQ entry`_.
+
+If you continue to have problems setting up mod_python, a good thing to do is
+get a barebones mod_python site working, without the Django framework. This is
+an easy way to isolate mod_python-specific problems. `Getting mod_python Working`_
+details this procedure.
+
+The next step should be to edit your test code and add an import of any
+Django-specific code you're using -- your views, your models, your URLconf,
+your RSS configuration, etc. Put these imports in your test handler function
+and access your test URL in a browser. If this causes a crash, you've confirmed
+it's the importing of Django code that causes the problem. Gradually reduce the
+set of imports until it stops crashing, so as to find the specific module that
+causes the problem. Drop down further into modules and look into their imports,
+as necessary.
+
+.. _Expat Causing Apache Crash: http://www.dscpl.com.au/wiki/ModPython/Articles/ExpatCausingApacheCrash
+.. _mod_python FAQ entry: http://modpython.org/FAQ/faqw.py?req=show&file=faq02.013.htp
+.. _Getting mod_python Working: http://www.dscpl.com.au/wiki/ModPython/Articles/GettingModPythonWorking
+
+If you get a UnicodeEncodeError
+===============================
+
+If you're taking advantage of the internationalization features of Django (see
+:doc:`/topics/i18n/index`) and you intend to allow users to upload files, you must
+ensure that the environment used to start Apache is configured to accept
+non-ASCII file names. If your environment is not correctly configured, you
+will trigger ``UnicodeEncodeError`` exceptions when calling functions like
+``os.path()`` on filenames that contain non-ASCII characters.
+
+To avoid these problems, the environment used to start Apache should contain
+settings analogous to the following::
+
+ export LANG='en_US.UTF-8'
+ export LC_ALL='en_US.UTF-8'
+
+Consult the documentation for your operating system for the appropriate syntax
+and location to put these configuration items; ``/etc/apache2/envvars`` is a
+common location on Unix platforms. Once you have added these statements
+to your environment, restart Apache.
diff --git a/parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/modwsgi.txt b/parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/modwsgi.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17ba0e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/parts/django/docs/howto/deployment/modwsgi.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+==========================================
+How to use Django with Apache and mod_wsgi
+==========================================
+
+Deploying Django with Apache_ and `mod_wsgi`_ is the recommended way to get
+Django into production.
+
+.. _Apache: http://httpd.apache.org/
+.. _mod_wsgi: http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/
+
+mod_wsgi is an Apache module which can be used to host any Python application
+which supports the `Python WSGI interface`_, including Django. Django will work
+with any version of Apache which supports mod_wsgi.
+
+.. _python wsgi interface: http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0333/
+
+The `official mod_wsgi documentation`_ is fantastic; it's your source for all
+the details about how to use mod_wsgi. You'll probably want to start with the
+`installation and configuration documentation`_.
+
+.. _official mod_wsgi documentation: http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/
+.. _installation and configuration documentation: http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/InstallationInstructions
+
+Basic Configuration
+===================
+
+Once you've got mod_wsgi installed and activated, edit your ``httpd.conf`` file
+and add::
+
+ WSGIScriptAlias / /path/to/mysite/apache/django.wsgi
+
+The first bit above is the url you want to be serving your application at (``/``
+indicates the root url), and the second is the location of a "WSGI file" -- see
+below -- on your system, usually inside of your project. This tells Apache
+to serve any request below the given URL using the WSGI application defined by that file.
+
+Next we'll need to actually create this WSGI application, so create the file
+mentioned in the second part of ``WSGIScriptAlias`` and add::
+
+ import os
+ import sys
+
+ os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'mysite.settings'
+
+ import django.core.handlers.wsgi
+ application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()
+
+If your project is not on your ``PYTHONPATH`` by default you can add::
+
+ path = '/usr/local/django'
+ if path not in sys.path:
+ sys.path.append(path)
+
+just above the final ``import`` line to place your project on the path. Remember to
+replace 'mysite.settings' with your correct settings file, and '/usr/local/django'
+with your own project's location.
+
+Serving media files
+===================
+
+Django doesn't serve media files itself; it leaves that job to whichever Web
+server you choose.
+
+We recommend using a separate Web server -- i.e., one that's not also running
+Django -- for serving media. Here are some good choices:
+
+ * lighttpd_
+ * Nginx_
+ * TUX_
+ * A stripped-down version of Apache_
+ * Cherokee_
+
+If, however, you have no option but to serve media files on the same Apache
+``VirtualHost`` as Django, you can set up Apache to serve some URLs as
+static media, and others using the mod_wsgi interface to Django.
+
+This example sets up Django at the site root, but explicitly serves ``robots.txt``,
+``favicon.ico``, any CSS file, and anything in the ``/media/`` URL space as a static
+file. All other URLs will be served using mod_wsgi::
+
+ Alias /robots.txt /usr/local/wsgi/static/robots.txt
+ Alias /favicon.ico /usr/local/wsgi/static/favicon.ico
+
+ AliasMatch /([^/]*\.css) /usr/local/wsgi/static/styles/$1
+
+ Alias /media/ /usr/local/wsgi/static/media/
+
+ <Directory /usr/local/wsgi/static>
+ Order deny,allow
+ Allow from all
+ </Directory>
+
+ WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/local/wsgi/scripts/django.wsgi
+
+ <Directory /usr/local/wsgi/scripts>
+ Order allow,deny
+ Allow from all
+ </Directory>
+
+.. _lighttpd: http://www.lighttpd.net/
+.. _Nginx: http://wiki.nginx.org/Main
+.. _TUX: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TUX_web_server
+.. _Apache: http://httpd.apache.org/
+.. _Cherokee: http://www.cherokee-project.com/
+
+More details on configuring a mod_wsgi site to serve static files can be found
+in the mod_wsgi documentation on `hosting static files`_.
+
+.. _hosting static files: http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/ConfigurationGuidelines#Hosting_Of_Static_Files
+
+Details
+=======
+
+For more details, see the `mod_wsgi documentation on Django integration`_,
+which explains the above in more detail, and walks through all the various
+options you've got when deploying under mod_wsgi.
+
+.. _mod_wsgi documentation on Django integration: http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithDjango