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authorNishanth Amuluru2011-01-11 22:41:51 +0530
committerNishanth Amuluru2011-01-11 22:41:51 +0530
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-To merge files Mercurial uses merge tools.
-
-A merge tool combines two different versions of a file into a merged
-file. Merge tools are given the two files and the greatest common
-ancestor of the two file versions, so they can determine the changes
-made on both branches.
-
-Merge tools are used both for :hg:`resolve`, :hg:`merge`, :hg:`update`,
-:hg:`backout` and in several extensions.
-
-Usually, the merge tool tries to automatically reconcile the files by
-combining all non-overlapping changes that occurred separately in
-the two different evolutions of the same initial base file. Furthermore, some
-interactive merge programs make it easier to manually resolve
-conflicting merges, either in a graphical way, or by inserting some
-conflict markers. Mercurial does not include any interactive merge
-programs but relies on external tools for that.
-
-Available merge tools
-"""""""""""""""""""""
-
-External merge tools and their properties are configured in the
-merge-tools configuration section - see hgrc(5) - but they can often just
-be named by their executable.
-
-A merge tool is generally usable if its executable can be found on the
-system and if it can handle the merge. The executable is found if it
-is an absolute or relative executable path or the name of an
-application in the executable search path. The tool is assumed to be
-able to handle the merge if it can handle symlinks if the file is a
-symlink, if it can handle binary files if the file is binary, and if a
-GUI is available if the tool requires a GUI.
-
-There are some internal merge tools which can be used. The internal
-merge tools are:
-
-``internal:merge``
- Uses the internal non-interactive simple merge algorithm for merging
- files. It will fail if there are any conflicts and leave markers in
- the partially merged file.
-
-``internal:fail``
- Rather than attempting to merge files that were modified on both
- branches, it marks them as unresolved. The resolve command must be
- used to resolve these conflicts.
-
-``internal:local``
- Uses the local version of files as the merged version.
-
-``internal:other``
- Uses the other version of files as the merged version.
-
-``internal:prompt``
- Asks the user which of the local or the other version to keep as
- the merged version.
-
-``internal:dump``
- Creates three versions of the files to merge, containing the
- contents of local, other and base. These files can then be used to
- perform a merge manually. If the file to be merged is named
- ``a.txt``, these files will accordingly be named ``a.txt.local``,
- ``a.txt.other`` and ``a.txt.base`` and they will be placed in the
- same directory as ``a.txt``.
-
-Internal tools are always available and do not require a GUI but will by default
-not handle symlinks or binary files.
-
-Choosing a merge tool
-"""""""""""""""""""""
-
-Mercurial uses these rules when deciding which merge tool to use:
-
-1. If a tool has been specified with the --tool option to merge or resolve, it
- is used. If it is the name of a tool in the merge-tools configuration, its
- configuration is used. Otherwise the specified tool must be executable by
- the shell.
-
-2. If the ``HGMERGE`` environment variable is present, its value is used and
- must be executable by the shell.
-
-3. If the filename of the file to be merged matches any of the patterns in the
- merge-patterns configuration section, the first usable merge tool
- corresponding to a matching pattern is used. Here, binary capabilities of the
- merge tool are not considered.
-
-4. If ui.merge is set it will be considered next. If the value is not the name
- of a configured tool, the specified value is used and must be executable by
- the shell. Otherwise the named tool is used if it is usable.
-
-5. If any usable merge tools are present in the merge-tools configuration
- section, the one with the highest priority is used.
-
-6. If a program named ``hgmerge`` can be found on the system, it is used - but
- it will by default not be used for symlinks and binary files.
-
-7. If the file to be merged is not binary and is not a symlink, then
- ``internal:merge`` is used.
-
-8. The merge of the file fails and must be resolved before commit.
-
-.. note::
- After selecting a merge program, Mercurial will by default attempt
- to merge the files using a simple merge algorithm first. Only if it doesn't
- succeed because of conflicting changes Mercurial will actually execute the
- merge program. Whether to use the simple merge algorithm first can be
- controlled by the premerge setting of the merge tool. Premerge is enabled by
- default unless the file is binary or a symlink.
-
-See the merge-tools and ui sections of hgrc(5) for details on the
-configuration of merge tools.