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diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_Gaggioli_and_Obert/12-Non_steady_flow_friction_and_availability.ipynb b/Thermodynamics_by_Gaggioli_and_Obert/12-Non_steady_flow_friction_and_availability.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7bfe834 --- /dev/null +++ b/Thermodynamics_by_Gaggioli_and_Obert/12-Non_steady_flow_friction_and_availability.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,336 @@ +{ +"cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 12: Non steady flow friction and availability" + ] + }, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 12.1: Work_done_calculation.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc\n", +"clear\n", +"//Initialization of variables\n", +"p1=100 //psia\n", +"p2=14.7 //psia\n", +"k=1.4\n", +"T1=700 //R\n", +"R=10.73/29\n", +"V=50\n", +"cv=0.171\n", +"cp=0.24\n", +"R2=1.986/29\n", +"//calculations\n", +"T2=T1/ (p1/p2)^((k-1)/k)\n", +"m1=p1*V/(R*T1)\n", +"m2=p2*V/(R*T2)\n", +"Wrev= cv*(m1*T1 - m2*T2) - (m1-m2)*(T2)*cp\n", +"//results\n", +"printf('Work done in case 1 = %d Btu',Wrev)" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 12.2: Friction_calculations.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc\n", +"clear\n", +"//Initialization of variables\n", +"p1=100 //psia\n", +"p2=10 //psia\n", +"n=1.3\n", +"T1=800 //R\n", +"cv=0.172\n", +"R=1.986/29\n", +"T0=537 //R\n", +"cp=0.24\n", +"//calculations\n", +"T2=T1*(p2/p1)^((n-1)/n)\n", +"dwir=cv*(T1-T2)\n", +"dwr=R*(T2-T1)/(1-n)\n", +"dq=dwr-dwir\n", +"dI=-T0*(cp*log(T2/T1) - R*log(p2/p1))\n", +"//results\n", +"printf('The friction of the process per pound of air = %.1f Btu/lbm',dq)\n", +"printf('\n Loss of available energy = %.2f Btu/lbm',dI)" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 12.3: Energy_loss_calculations.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc\n", +"clear\n", +"//Initialization of variables\n", +"ms=10 //lbm\n", +"den=62.3 //lbm/ft^3\n", +"A1=0.0218 //ft^2\n", +"A2=0.00545 //ft^2\n", +"p2=50 //psia\n", +"p1=100 //psia\n", +"gc=32.2 //ft/s^2\n", +"dz=30 //ft\n", +"T0=537 //R\n", +"T1=620 //R\n", +"T2=420 //R\n", +"//calculations\n", +"V1=ms/(A1*den)\n", +"V2=ms/(A2*den)\n", +"df=-144/den*(p2-p1) - (V2^2 -V1^2)/(2*gc) - dz\n", +"dI=-T0/T1 *df\n", +"dI2= -T0/T2 *df\n", +"//results\n", +"printf('Friction = %.1f ft-lbf/lbm',df)\n", +"printf('\n Available energy loss in case a = %.1f ft-lbf/lbm',dI)\n", +"printf('\n Available energy loss in case b = %.1f ft-lbf/lbm',dI2)" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 12.4: Pressure_drop_calculatio.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc\n", +"clear\n", +"//Initialization of variables\n", +"r=2.5 //in\n", +"mf=160 //cfm\n", +"rho=1/14\n", +"mu=0.0000121\n", +"v=14 //ft^3/lbm\n", +"g=32.2 //ft/s^2\n", +"z=100 //ft\n", +"//calculations\n", +"A=3.14*(r/12)^2\n", +"V=mf/A /60\n", +"Re=(2*r/12)*V*rho/mu\n", +"disp('From fig 12.4,')\n", +"f=0.0225/4\n", +"dp=4*f*(rho)*(V/v)^2 /(2*g*(2*r/12)) *z\n", +"//dp=2.32\n", +"//results\n", +"printf('Pressure drop = %.2f lbf/ft^2 100 ft',dp)\n", +"disp('The answer in the textbook is wrong. Please use a calculator to verify it.')" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 12.5: Mass_rate_calculatio.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc\n", +"clear\n", +"//Initialization of variables\n", +"D=0.0724 //ft\n", +"gc=32.2 //ft/s^2\n", +"rho=1/14\n", +"L=100 //ft\n", +"mu2=1.46*10^(-10)\n", +"dp=2.32\n", +"dia=5 //in\n", +"rho2=48500\n", +"vol=14 //ft^3/lbm\n", +"//calculations\n", +"ref=D^3 *2*dp*gc*rho/(mu2*L)\n", +"mf=rho2*%pi/4 *(dia/12) *sqrt(mu2)\n", +"mfr=mf*vol*60\n", +"//results\n", +"printf('Mass rate of air flow = %d cfm',mfr)\n", +"disp('The answer is a bit different due to rounding off error in textbook')" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 12.6: Loss_and_effectiveness_calculations.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc\n", +"clear\n", +"//Initialization of variables\n", +"cp=0.25\n", +"T=3460 //R\n", +"T0=520 //R\n", +"dG=1228 //Btu/lbm\n", +"//calculations\n", +"hf=cp*(T-T0)-T0*cp*log(T/T0)\n", +"dC=hf-dG\n", +"Ec=hf/dG\n", +"//results\n", +"printf('Loss of available energy = %d Btu/lbm mixture ',dC)\n", +"printf('\n Effectiveness of combustion = %.3f ',Ec)" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 12.7: Loss_and_effectiveness_calculations.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc\n", +"clear\n", +"//Initialization of variables\n", +"cp1=0.25\n", +"T=3460 //R\n", +"T0=946.2 //R\n", +"T00=520 //R\n", +"dG=1228 //Btu/lbm\n", +"cp=0.45\n", +"//calculations\n", +"dqa=cp1*(T-T0)\n", +"w=cp*dqa\n", +"hf=cp1*(T-T00)-T00*cp1*log(T/T00)\n", +"heat=w-hf\n", +"eff=w/hf\n", +"epower=w/dG\n", +"//results\n", +"printf('Loss of available energy = %.1f Btu/lbm mixture ',heat)\n", +"printf('\n Efficiency of cycle = %.3f ',eff)\n", +"printf('\n Effectiveness of overall cycle = %.2f',epower)\n", +"disp('The answer is a bit different due to rounding off error in textbook')" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 12.8: Loss_and_effectiveness_calculations.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc\n", +"clear\n", +"//Initialization of variables\n", +"p1=400 //psia\n", +"t1=600 //F\n", +"h1=1306.9 //Btu/lbm\n", +"b1=480.9 //Btu/lbm\n", +"p2=50 //psia\n", +"h2=1122 //Btu/lbm\n", +"h3=1169.5 //Btu/lbm\n", +"b3=310.9 //Btu/lbm\n", +"//calculations\n", +"disp('All the values are obtained from Mollier chart,')\n", +"dw13=h1-h3\n", +"dw12=h1-h2\n", +"dasf=b3-b1\n", +"etae=dw13/dw12\n", +"eta=abs(dw13/dasf)\n", +"dq=dw13+dasf\n", +"//results\n", +"printf('Engine efficiency = %.1f percent',etae*100)\n", +"printf('\n Effectiveness = %.1f percent',eta*100)\n", +"printf('\n Loss of available energy = %.1f Btu/lbm',dq)" + ] + } +], +"metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Scilab", + "language": "scilab", + "name": "scilab" + }, + "language_info": { + "file_extension": ".sce", + "help_links": [ + { + "text": "MetaKernel Magics", + "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md" + } + ], + "mimetype": "text/x-octave", + "name": "scilab", + "version": "0.7.1" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} |