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+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "# Chapter 6: CounterflowDouble pipe exchangers"
+ ]
+ },
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 6.1: Double_Pipe_Benzene_Toluene_Exchanger.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"printf('\t example 6.1 \n');\n",
+"printf('\t approximate values are mentioned in the book \n');\n",
+"T1=160; // inlet hot fluid,F\n",
+"T2=100; // outlet hot fluid,F\n",
+"t1=80; // inlet cold fluid,F\n",
+"t2=120; // outlet cold fluid,F\n",
+"w=9820; // lb/hr\n",
+"printf('\t 1.for heat balance \n');\n",
+"printf('\t for benzene \n');\n",
+"tav=((t1+t2)/2); // F\n",
+"printf('\t average temperature of benzene is : %.0f F \n',tav);\n",
+"c=0.425; // Btu/(lb)*(F)\n",
+"Q=((w)*(c)*(t2-t1)); // Btu/hr\n",
+"printf('\t total heat required for benzene is : %.2e Btu/hr \n',Q);\n",
+"printf('\t for toulene \n');\n",
+"Tav=((T1+T2)/2); //F\n",
+"printf('\t average temperature of toulene is : %.0f F \n',Tav);\n",
+"c=0.44; // Btu/(lb)*(F)\n",
+"W=((Q)/((c)*(T1-T2))); // lb/hr\n",
+"printf('\t W is :%.2e lb/hr \n',W);\n",
+"printf('\t 2.LMTD \n');\n",
+"printf('\t for counter current flow \n');\n",
+"delt1=T2-t1; //F\n",
+"delt2=T1-t2; // F\n",
+"printf('\t delt1 is : %.0f F \n',delt1);\n",
+"printf('\t delt2 is : %.0f F \n',delt2);\n",
+"LMTD=((delt2-delt1)/((2.3)*(log10(delt2/delt1))));\n",
+"printf('\t LMTD is :%.1f F \n',LMTD);\n",
+"printf('\t 3.caloric temperatures \n');\n",
+"printf('\t both streams will show that neither is viscous at the cold terminal (the viscosities less than 1 centipoise) and the temperature ranges and temperature difference are moderate. The coefficients may accordingly be evaluated from properties at the arithmetic mean, and the value of (mu/muw)^0.14 may be assumed equal to 1.0 \n');\n",
+"tav=((t1+t2)/2); // F\n",
+"printf('\t average temperature of benzene is : %.0f F \n',tav);\n",
+"Tav=((T1+T2)/2); //F\n",
+"printf('\t average temperature of toulene is : %.0f F \n',Tav);\n",
+"printf('\t hot fluid:annulus,toulene \n');\n",
+"D1=0.138; // ft\n",
+"D2=0.1725; // ft\n",
+"aa=((%pi)*(D2^2-D1^2)/4); // flow area,ft^2\n",
+"printf('\t flow area is : %.5f ft^2 \n',aa);\n",
+"De=(D2^2-D1^2)/D1; // equiv diameter,ft\n",
+"printf('\t equiv diameter is : %.4f ft \n',De);\n",
+"Ga=(W/aa); // mass velocity,lb/(hr)*(ft^2)\n",
+"printf('\t mass velocity is : %.2e lb/(hr)*(ft^2) \n',Ga);\n",
+"mu1=0.41*2.42; // at 130 F,lb/(ft)*(hr)\n",
+"Rea=((De)*(Ga)/mu1); // reynolds number\n",
+"printf('\t reynolds number is : %.1e \n',Rea);\n",
+"jH=167; // from fig.24\n",
+"c=0.44; // Btu/(lb)*(F),at 130F\n",
+"k=0.085; // Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F/ft), from table 4\n",
+"Pr=((c)*(mu1)/k)^(1/3); // prandelt number raised to power 1/3\n",
+"printf('\t Pr is : %.3f \n',Pr);\n",
+"ho=((jH)*(k/De)*(Pr)*(1^0.14)); // using eq.6.15b,Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F)\n",
+"printf('\t individual heat transfer coefficient is : %.0f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',ho);\n",
+"printf('\t cold fluid:inner pipe,benzene \n');\n",
+"D=0.115; // ft\n",
+"ap=((%pi)*(D^2)/4); // flow area, ft^2\n",
+"printf('\t flow area is : %.4f ft^2 \n',ap);\n",
+"Gp=(w/ap); // mass velocity,lb/(hr)*(ft^2)\n",
+"printf('\t mass velocity is : %.2e lb/(hr)*(ft^2) \n',Gp);\n",
+"mu2=0.5*2.42; // at 130 F,lb/(ft)*(hr)\n",
+"Rep=((D)*(Gp)/mu2); // reynolds number\n",
+"printf('\t reynolds number is : %.2e \n',Rep);\n",
+"jH=236; // from fig.24\n",
+"c=0.425; // Btu/(lb)*(F),at 130F\n",
+"k=0.091; // Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F/ft), from table 4\n",
+"Pr=((c)*(mu2)/k)^(1/3); // prandelt number raised to power 1/3\n",
+"printf('\t Pr is : %.3f \n',Pr);\n",
+"hi=((jH)*(k/D)*(Pr)*(1^0.14)); // using eq.6.15a,Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F)\n",
+"printf('\t individual heat transfer coefficient is : %.0f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',hi);\n",
+"ID=1.38; // ft\n",
+"OD=1.66; //ft\n",
+"hio=((hi)*(ID/OD)); // using eq.6.5\n",
+"printf('\t Correct hi to the surface at the OD is : %.0f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',hio);\n",
+"Uc=((hio)*(ho)/(hio+ho)); // clean overall coefficient,Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F)\n",
+"printf('\t clean overall coefficient is : %.0f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',Uc);\n",
+"Rd=0.002; // required by problem,(hr)*(ft^2)*(F)/Btu\n",
+"UD=((Uc)/((1)+(Uc*Rd))); // design overall coefficient,Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F)\n",
+"printf('\t design overall coefficient is : %.0f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',UD);\n",
+"A=((Q)/((UD)*(LMTD))); // required surface,ft^2\n",
+"printf('\t required surface is : %.1f ft^2 \n',A);\n",
+"A1=0.435; // From Table 11 for 1(1/4)in IPS standard pipe there are 0.435 ft2 of external surface per foot length,ft^2\n",
+"L=(A/A1); // required length;lin ft\n",
+"printf('\t required length is : %.0f lin ft \n',L);\n",
+"printf('\t This may be fulfilled by connecting three 20-ft hairpins in series \n');\n",
+"A2=120*0.435; // actual surface supplied,ft^2\n",
+"printf('\t actual surface supplied is : %.1f ft^2 \n',A2);\n",
+"UD=((Q)/((A2)*(LMTD)));\n",
+"printf('\t actual design overall coefficient is : %.0f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',UD);\n",
+"Rd=((Uc-UD)/((UD)*(Uc))); // (hr)*(ft^2)*(F)/Btu\n",
+"printf('\t actual Rd is : %.4f (hr)*(ft^2)*(F)/Btu \n',Rd);\n",
+"printf('\t pressure drop for annulus \n');\n",
+"De1=(D2-D1); //ft\n",
+"printf('\t De1 is : %.4f ft \n',De1);\n",
+"Rea1=((De1)*(Ga)/mu1); // reynolds number\n",
+"printf('\t reynolds number is : %.2e \n',Rea1);\n",
+"f=(0.0035)+((0.264)/(Rea1^0.42)); // friction factor, using eq.3.47b\n",
+"printf('\t friction factor is : %.4f \n',f);\n",
+"s=0.87;\n",
+"row=62.5*0.87; // from table 6\n",
+"delFa=((4*f*(Ga^2)*L)/(2*4.18*(10^8)*(row^2)*(De1))); // ft\n",
+"printf('\t delFa is : %.1f ft \n',delFa);\n",
+"V=((Ga)/(3600*row)); //fps\n",
+"printf('\t V is : %.2f fps \n',V);\n",
+"Fl=((3*(V^2))/(2*32.2)); //ft\n",
+"printf('\t Fl is : %.1f ft \n',Fl);\n",
+"delPa=((delFa+Fl)*(row)/144); // psi\n",
+"printf('\t delPa is : %.1f psi \n',delPa);\n",
+"printf('\t allowable delPa is 10 psi \n');\n",
+"printf('\t pressure drop for inner pipe \n');\n",
+"f=(0.0035)+((0.264)/(Rep^0.42)); // friction factor, using eq.3.47b\n",
+"printf('\t friction factor is : %.4f \n',f);\n",
+"s=0.88;\n",
+"row=62.5*0.88; // from table 6\n",
+"delFp=((4*f*(Gp^2)*L)/(2*4.18*(10^8)*(row^2)*(D))); // ft\n",
+"printf('\t delFp is : %.1f ft \n',delFp);\n",
+"delPp=((delFp)*(row)/144); // psi\n",
+"printf('\t delPp is : %.1f psi \n',delPp);\n",
+"printf('\t allowable delPp is 10 psi \n');\n",
+"//end"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 6.2: Calculation_of_the_True_Temperature_Difference.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"printf('\t example 6.2 \n');\n",
+"printf('\t approximate values are mentioned in the book \n');\n",
+"T1=300; // inlet hot fluid,F\n",
+"T2=200; // outlet hot fluid,F\n",
+"t1=190; // inlet cold fluid,F\n",
+"t2=220; // outlet cold fluid,F\n",
+"n=6; // number of parallel streams\n",
+"P=((T2-t1)/(T1-t1));\n",
+"printf('\t P is : %.3f \n',P);\n",
+"R=((T1-T2)/((n)*(t2-t1)));\n",
+"printf('\t R is : %.3f \n',R);\n",
+"gama=((1-P)/((2.3)*((n*R)/(R-1))*log10(((R-1)/R)*(1/P)^(1/n)+(1/R)))); // using eq.6.35a\n",
+"printf('\t gama is : %.3f \n',gama);\n",
+"delt=(gama*(T1-t1)); // true temperature difference,F\n",
+"printf('\ true temperature difference is : %.1f F \n',delt);\n",
+"//end"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 6.3: Double_Pipe_Lube_Oil_Crude_Oil_Exchanger.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"printf('\t example 6.3 \n');\n",
+"printf('\t approximate values are mentioned in the book \n');\n",
+"T1=450; // inlet hot fluid,F\n",
+"T2=350; // outlet hot fluid,F\n",
+"t1=300; // inlet cold fluid,F\n",
+"t2=310; // outlet cold fluid,F\n",
+"W=6900; // lb/hr\n",
+"w=72500; // lb/hr\n",
+"printf('\t 1.for heat balance \n');\n",
+"printf('\t for lube oil \n');\n",
+"c=0.62; // Btu/(lb)*(F)\n",
+"Q=((W)*(c)*(T1-T2)); // Btu/hr\n",
+"printf('\t total heat required for lube oil is : %.2e Btu/hr \n',Q);\n",
+"printf('\t for crude oil \n');\n",
+"c=0.585; // Btu/(lb)*(F)\n",
+"Q1=((w)*(c)*(t2-t1)); // Btu/hr\n",
+"printf('\t total heat required for crude oil is : %.2e Btu/hr \n',Q1); // calculation mistake in book\n",
+"delt1=T2-t1; //F\n",
+"delt2=T1-t2; // F\n",
+"printf('\t delt1 is : %.0f F \n',delt1);\n",
+"printf('\t delt2 is : %.0f F \n',delt2);\n",
+"LMTD=((delt2-delt1)/((2.3)*(log10(delt2/delt1))));\n",
+"printf('\t LMTD is :%.1f F \n',LMTD);\n",
+"A=((delt1)/(delt2));\n",
+"printf('\t ratio of two local temperature difference is : %.3f \n',A);\n",
+"Fc=0.395; // from fig.17\n",
+"Tc=((T2)+((Fc)*(T1-T2))); // caloric temperature of hot fluid,F\n",
+"printf('\t caloric temperature of hot fluid is : %.1f F \n',Tc);\n",
+"tc=((t1)+((Fc)*(t2-t1))); // caloric temperature of cold fluid,F\n",
+"printf('\t caloric temperature of cold fluid is : %.0f F \n',tc);\n",
+"printf('\t hot fluid:annulus,lube oil \n');\n",
+"D1=0.199; // ft\n",
+"D2=0.256; // ft\n",
+"aa=((%pi)*(D2^2-D1^2)/4); // flow area,ft^2\n",
+"printf('\t flow area is : %.4f ft^2 \n',aa);\n",
+"De=(D2^2-D1^2)/D1; // equiv diameter,ft\n",
+"printf('\t equiv diameter is : %.2f ft \n',De);\n",
+"Ga=(W/aa); // mass velocity,lb/(hr)*(ft^2)\n",
+"printf('\t mass velocity is : %.2e lb/(hr)*(ft^2) \n',Ga);\n",
+"mu1=3*2.42; // at 389.5F,lb/(ft)*(hr), from fig.14\n",
+"Rea=((De)*(Ga)/mu1); // reynolds number\n",
+"printf('\t reynolds number is : %.0e \n',Rea);\n",
+"jH=20.5; // from fig.24\n",
+"c=0.615; // Btu/(lb)*(F),at 130F\n",
+"k=0.067; // Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F/ft), from table 4\n",
+"Pr=((c)*(mu1)/k)^(1/3); // prandelt number raised to power 1/3\n",
+"printf('\t Pr is : %.3f \n',Pr);\n",
+"Ho=((jH)*(k/De)*(Pr)); // H0=(h0/phya),using eq.6.15,Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F)\n",
+"printf('\t individual heat transfer coefficient is : %.1f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',Ho);\n",
+"printf('\t cold fluid:inner pipe,crude oil \n');\n",
+"D=0.172; // ft\n",
+"ap=((%pi)*(D^2)/4); // flow area, ft^2\n",
+"printf('\t flow area is : %.4f ft^2 \n',ap);\n",
+"Gp=(w/(2*ap)); // mass velocity,lb/(hr)*(ft^2)\n",
+"printf('\t mass velocity is : %.2e lb/(hr)*(ft^2) \n',Gp);\n",
+"mu2=0.83*2.42; // at 304 F,lb/(ft)*(hr)\n",
+"Rep=((D)*(Gp)/mu2); // reynolds number\n",
+"printf('\t reynolds number is : %.2e \n',Rep);\n",
+"jH=320; // from fig.24\n",
+"c=0.585; // Btu/(lb)*(F),at 304F,from fig.4\n",
+"k=0.073; // Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F/ft), from fig.1\n",
+"Pr=((c)*(mu2)/k)^(1/3); // prandelt number raised to power 1/3\n",
+"printf('\t Pr is : %.3f \n',Pr);\n",
+"Hi=((jH)*(k/D)*(Pr)*(1^0.14)); //Hi=(hi/phyp),using eq.6.15a,Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F)\n",
+"printf('\t Hi is : %.0f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',Hi);\n",
+"ID=2.067; // ft\n",
+"OD=2.38; //ft\n",
+"Hio=((Hi)*(ID/OD)); //Hio=(hio/phyp), using eq.6.5\n",
+"printf('\t Correct Hi0 to the surface at the OD is : %.0f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',Hio);\n",
+"muw=0.77*2.42; // lb/(ft)*(hr), from fig.14\n",
+"phyp=(mu2/muw)^0.14;\n",
+"printf('\t phyp is : %.0f \n',phyp); // from fig.24\n",
+"hio=(Hio)*(1); // from eq.6.37\n",
+"printf('\t Correct hio to the surface at the OD is : %.0f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',hio);\n",
+"tw=(tc)+(((Ho)/(Hio+Ho))*(Tc-tc)); // from eq.5.31\n",
+"printf('\t tw is : %.0f F \n',tw);\n",
+"muw=6.6*2.42; // lb/(ft)*(hr), from fig.14\n",
+"phya=(mu1/muw)^0.14;\n",
+"printf('\t phya is : %.1f \n',phya); // from fig.24\n",
+"ho=(Ho)*(phya); // from eq.6.36\n",
+"printf('\t Correct h0 to the surface at the OD is : %.1f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',ho);\n",
+"Uc=((hio)*(ho)/(hio+ho)); // clean overall coefficient,Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F)\n",
+"printf('\t clean overall coefficient is : %.0f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',Uc);\n",
+"Rd=0.006; // required by problem,(hr)*(ft^2)*(F)/Btu\n",
+"UD=((Uc)/((1)+(Uc*Rd))); // design overall coefficient,Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F)\n",
+"printf('\t design overall coefficient is : %.1f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',UD);\n",
+"A=((Q)/((UD)*(LMTD))); // required surface,ft^2\n",
+"printf('\t required surface is : %.0f ft^2 \n',A);\n",
+"A1=0.622; // From Table 11,ft^2\n",
+"Lr=(A/A1); // required length;lin ft\n",
+"printf('\t required length is : %.0f lin ft \n',Lr);\n",
+"printf('\t Since two parallel streams are employed, use eight 20 ft hairpins or 320 lin. feet \n');\n",
+"L=320;\n",
+"A2=320*0.622; // actual surface supplied,ft^2\n",
+"printf('\t actual surface supplied is : %.1f ft^2 \n',A2);\n",
+"UD=((Q)/((A2)*(LMTD)));\n",
+"printf('\t actual design overall coefficient is : %.1f Btu/(hr)*(ft^2)*(F) \n',UD);\n",
+"Rd=((Uc-UD)/((UD)*(Uc))); // (hr)*(ft^2)*(F)/Btu\n",
+"printf('\t actual Rd is : %.4f (hr)*(ft^2)*(F)/Btu \n',Rd);\n",
+"printf('\t pressure drop for annulus \n');\n",
+"De1=.058; //ft\n",
+"printf('\t De1 is : %.3f ft \n',De1);\n",
+"Rea1=((De1)*(Ga)/7.25); // reynolds number\n",
+"printf('\t reynolds number is : %.2e \n',Rea1);\n",
+"f=(0.0035)+((0.264)/(2680^0.42)); // friction factor, using eq.3.47b\n",
+"printf('\t friction factor is : %.4f \n',f);\n",
+"s=0.775;\n",
+"row=62.5*0.775; // from fig 6\n",
+"delFa=((4*f*(Ga^2)*L)/(2*4.18*(10^8)*(row^2)*(De1))); // ft\n",
+"printf('\t delFa is : %.1f ft \n',delFa);\n",
+"V=((Ga)/(3600*row)); //fps\n",
+"printf('\t V is : %.1f fps \n',V);\n",
+"delFl=((8*(V^2))/(2*32.2)); //ft\n",
+"printf('\t delFl is : %.2f ft \n',delFl);\n",
+"delPa=((delFa+delFl)*(row)/144); // psi\n",
+"printf('\t delPa is : %.1f psi \n',delPa);\n",
+"printf('\t allowable delPa is 10 psi \n');\n",
+"printf('\t pressure drop for inner pipe \n');\n",
+"f=(0.0035)+((0.264)/(Rep^0.42)); // friction factor, using eq.3.47b\n",
+"printf('\t friction factor is : %.5f \n',f);\n",
+"s=0.76;\n",
+"row=62.5*0.76; // from table 6\n",
+"Lp=160;\n",
+"delFp=((4*f*(Gp^2)*Lp)/(2*4.18*(10^8)*(row^2)*(D))); // ft\n",
+"printf('\t delFp is : %.1f ft \n',delFp);\n",
+"delPp=((delFp)*(row)/144); // psi\n",
+"printf('\t delPp is : %.1f psi \n',delPp);\n",
+"printf('\t allowable delPp is 10 psi \n');\n",
+"// end"
+ ]
+ }
+],
+"metadata": {
+ "kernelspec": {
+ "display_name": "Scilab",
+ "language": "scilab",
+ "name": "scilab"
+ },
+ "language_info": {
+ "file_extension": ".sce",
+ "help_links": [
+ {
+ "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+ "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+ }
+ ],
+ "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+ "name": "scilab",
+ "version": "0.7.1"
+ }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2024-12-19 17:49:16 +0000