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+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "# Chapter 11: Riveted joints"
+ ]
+ },
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 11.10: Chapter_11_example_10.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clear;\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"P = 2.4;// tons\n",
+"e = 18;// inches\n",
+"n = 8;//no. of rivets\n",
+"d = 7/8;// inches\n",
+"h = 4;// inches\n",
+"M = P*e;// ton-inches\n",
+"d1 = 2;// \n",
+"d2 = 6;//\n",
+"square_r_sum = h*((0.5*h)^2 + d2^2) + h*((0.5*h)^2 + d1^2);//\n",
+"r = sqrt(40);\n",
+"F = M*r/square_r_sum;// tons\n",
+"theta = atan(d2/d1)//radians\n",
+"theta1 = theta*180/%pi// degrees\n",
+"V = (P/n) + F*cos(theta);// tons\n",
+"H = F*sin(theta);// tons\n",
+"R = sqrt(V^2 + H^2);// tons\n",
+"f_s = R/(0.25*%pi*d^2);// tons/in^2\n",
+"printf('The maximum shear intensity induced at any rivet is \n f_s = %.2f tons/in^2',f_s);"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 11.1: Chapter_11_example_1.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clear;\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"t = 5/8;// inch\n",
+"d = 1;// inch\n",
+"p = 4;// inches\n",
+"f_t = 28; //tons/in^2\n",
+"f_s = 20; //tons/in^2\n",
+"f_b = 40; //tons/in^2\n",
+"P_t = (p-d)*t*f_t;// tons\n",
+"P_s = 2*2*0.25*%pi*d^2 *f_s;// tons\n",
+"P_b = 2*d*t*f_b;//tons\n",
+"P = p*t*f_t;// tons\n",
+"n = min(P_t,P_s,P_b)/P ;// efficiency\n",
+"printf('The efficiency of the joint = %.3f or %.1f percentage',n,n*100);"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 11.2: Chapter_11_example_2.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clear;\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"t = 1/2;// inches\n",
+"d1= 7/8;// inches\n",
+"p1 = 5/2;// inches\n",
+"d2= 9/8;// inches\n",
+"p2 = 7/2;// inches\n",
+"f_t = 8;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_s = 6;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_b = 10;// tons/in^2\n",
+"\n",
+"P_t1 = (p1-d1)*t*f_t;// tons\n",
+"P_s1 = 0.25*%pi*d1^2 *f_s;// tons\n",
+"P_b1 = d1*t*f_b;//tons\n",
+"P1 = p1*t*f_t;// tons\n",
+"n1 = min(P_t1,P_s1,P_b1)/P1 ;// efficiency\n",
+"printf('The efficiency of first joint = %.2f = %d percentage',n1,n1*100);\n",
+"\n",
+"P_t2 = (p2-d2)*t*f_t;// tons\n",
+"P_s2 = 0.25*%pi*d2^2 *f_s;// tons\n",
+"P_b2 = d2*t*f_b;//tons\n",
+"P2 = p2*t*f_t;// tons\n",
+"n2 = min(P_t2,P_s2,P_b2)/P2 ;// efficiency\n",
+"printf('\n The efficiency of second joint = %.3f = %.1f percentage\n',n2,n2*100);\n",
+"\n",
+"if n2 > n1 then\n",
+" printf(' The second joint, with its higher efficiency, is stronger');\n",
+"else\n",
+" printf(' The first joint, with its higher efficiency, is stronger');\n",
+"end"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 11.3: Chapter_11_example_3.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clear;\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"t = 3/8;// inches\n",
+"p2 = 7/2;// inches\n",
+"f_t = 11/2;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_s = 5;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_b = 12;// tons/in^2\n",
+"d = 1.2*sqrt(t);// inches\n",
+"//d = 0.735, say 0.75 inches\n",
+"d = 0.75;// inches\n",
+"P_s = 0.25*%pi*d^2 *f_s;// tons\n",
+"P_b = d*t*f_b;//tons\n",
+"P_t_limit = P_s;//tons\n",
+"p_limit = P_s/(t*f_t) + d;// inches\n",
+"//p_limit = 1.763, take p = 1.75\n",
+"p = 1.75;// inches\n",
+"n = (p-d)/p;// efficiency\n",
+"printf('The efficiency of the joint = %.1f percentage',n*100);"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 11.4: Chapter_11_example_4.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clear;\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"d = 7/8;// inches\n",
+"t = 1/2;// inches \n",
+"f_t = 6;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_s = 5;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_b = 10;// tons/in^2\n",
+"p_s = 2*0.25*%pi*d^2*f_s;// tons\n",
+"P_b = d*t*f_b;// tons\n",
+"p_t_limit = 2*P_b/3 + d;// inches\n",
+"n = (p_t_limit-d)/p_t_limit;// efficiency\n",
+"printf('Pitch, p = %.3f inches',p_t_limit);\n",
+"printf('\n Efficiency = %.3f or %d percentage',n,n*100);\n",
+"\n",
+"//the answer is approximated in the textbook."
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 11.5: Chapter_11_example_5.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clear;\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"d = 6;// feet\n",
+"p = 180;// lb/in^2\n",
+"f = 6;// tons\n",
+"n = 70/100;// efficiency\n",
+"d1 = 1;// inches\n",
+"f_s = 5;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_b = 10;// tons/in^2\n",
+"t = p*d/(2*f*n);// inches\n",
+"// t = 0.6889 inches, say 0.75 inches\n",
+"t = 0.75;//inches\n",
+"P_s = 2*0.25*%pi*d1^2*f_s;// tons\n",
+"P_b = d1*t*f_b;// tons\n",
+"p_limit = 2*P_b/(t*f) + d1;// inches\n",
+"//p_limit = 4.33 inches, make it 4 inches\n",
+"p = round(p_limit);// inches\n",
+"n1 = (p-d1)/p;// efficiency\n",
+"printf('Pitch = %.2f inches, make it %d inches.',p_limit,p);\n",
+"printf('\n The efficiency of the joint will be %d percentage aganist the assumed value of %d percentage.',n1*100,n*100);"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 11.6: Chapter_11_example_6.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clear;\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"t = 1/2;// inches\n",
+"a = 1/2;// inches\n",
+"P = 42;// tons\n",
+"d = 3/4;// inches\n",
+"f_t = 7.5;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_s = 6;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_b = 12;// tons/in^2\n",
+"P_s = 2*0.25*%pi*d^2 *f_s;// tons\n",
+"P_b = d*t*f_b;// tons\n",
+"n = P/min(P_s,P_b);\n",
+"n = round(n+1);\n",
+"b1 = P/(t*f_t) + d;// inches\n",
+"b = round(b1);\n",
+"e = (b-d)/b;// efficiency\n",
+"f_s = (P/n)/(2*0.25*%pi*d^2) ;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_b = (P/n)/(d*t);// tons/in^2\n",
+"f1 = P/(a*(b-d));// tons/in^2\n",
+"f2 = (P-(P/n))/((b-2*d)*t);// tons/in^2\n",
+"f3 = (P-(3*P/n))/((b-3*d)*t);// tons/in^2\n",
+"f4 = (P-(6*P/n))/((b-4*d)*t);// tons/in^2\n",
+"printf('The number of rivets required, n = %d',n);\n",
+"printf('\n The width of the flat required, b = %.2f inches, say %d inches',b1,b);\n",
+"printf('\n The efficiency of the joint = %.2f percentage',e*100);\n",
+"printf('\n The actual stresses induce in the rivet are, f_s = %.2f tons/in^2\n f_b = %.2f tons/in^2',f_s,f_b);\n",
+"printf('\n The tensile stress at section 11, f1 = %.3f rons/in^2',f1);\n",
+"printf('\n The tensile stress at section 22, f2 = %.3f rons/in^2',f2);\n",
+"printf('\n The tensile stress at section 33, f3 = %.3f rons/in^2',f3);\n",
+"printf('\n The tensile stress at section 44, f4 = %.3f rons/in^2',f4);"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 11.7: Chapter_11_example_7.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clear;\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"b = 9;// inches\n",
+"t = 3/4;// inches\n",
+"f_t = 8;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_s = 5;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_b = 10;// tons/in^2\n",
+"d = 7/8;// inches\n",
+"P = (b-d)*t*f_t;// tons\n",
+"P_s = 2*0.25*%pi*d^2 *f_s;// tons\n",
+"P_b = d*t*f_b;// tons\n",
+"n = P/min(P_s,P_b);\n",
+"e = (b-d)/b;// efficiency\n",
+"P1 = f_t*(b-d)*t;// tons\n",
+"P2 = f_t*(b-2*d)*t+P_s;// tons\n",
+"P3 = f_t*(b-3*d)*t+3*P_s;// tons\n",
+"P4 = f_t*(b-3*d)*t+6*P_s;// tons\n",
+"printf('The number of rivets required, n = %d',round(n+1));\n",
+"printf('\n The efficiency of the joint = %.1f percentage',e*100);\n",
+"printf('\n The pull at section 11, P1 = %.2f rons/in^2',P1);\n",
+"printf('\n The pull at section 22, P2 = %.1f rons/in^2',P2);\n",
+"printf('\n The pull at section 33, P3 = %.2f rons/in^2',P3);\n",
+"printf('\n The pull at section 44, P4 = %.2f rons/in^2',P4);\n",
+"if P1 == min(P1,P2,P3,P4) then\n",
+" printf('\n The maximum possible pull which the flat will safely transmit is P1 = %.2f tons/in^2 at section 11',P1);\n",
+"elseif P2 == min(P1,P2,P3,P4) then\n",
+" printf('\n The maximum possible pull which the flat will safely transmit is P2 = %.1f tons/in^2 at section 22',P2); \n",
+"elseif P3 == min(P1,P2,P3,P4) then \n",
+" printf('\n The maximum possible pull which the flat will safely transmit is P3 = %.2f tons/in^2 at section 33',P3);\n",
+"else\n",
+" printf('\n The maximum possible pull which the flat will safely transmit is P4 = %.2f tons/in^2 at section 44',P4); \n",
+"end\n",
+"\n",
+"//there is a minute error in the answer given textbook."
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 11.8: Chapter_11_example_8.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clear;\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"P = 150;; //tons\n",
+"t = 3/4;// inches\n",
+"d = 1;// inches\n",
+"f_s = 6;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_b = 12;// tons/in^2\n",
+"P_s = 0.25*%pi*d^2 *f_s;// tons\n",
+"P_b = t*d*f_b;// tons\n",
+"n = P/min(P_s,P_b);// no. of rivets required\n",
+"printf('The number of rivets required, n = %.2f, say %d',n,round(n));"
+ ]
+ }
+,
+{
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 11.9: Chapter_11_example_9.sce"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+"cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clear;\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"l = 50;// feet\n",
+"b = 4;// feet\n",
+"P = 3;// tons per foot run\n",
+"t = 1/2;// inches\n",
+"b1 = 4;// inches\n",
+"d1 = 4;// inches\n",
+"h1 = 1/2;// inches\n",
+"d = 7/8;// inches\n",
+"f_s = 6;// tons/in^2\n",
+"f_b = 12;// tons/in^2\n",
+"P_s = 2*0.25*%pi*d^2 *f_s;// tons\n",
+"P_b = t*d*f_b;// tons\n",
+"R = P_b;// tons\n",
+"F = l*P*2/d1;// tons\n",
+"p_min = R*(l-0.5*b1)/F ;// inches\n",
+"printf('The minimum pitch required is p = %.2f inches, say %d inches',p_min,p_min);"
+ ]
+ }
+],
+"metadata": {
+ "kernelspec": {
+ "display_name": "Scilab",
+ "language": "scilab",
+ "name": "scilab"
+ },
+ "language_info": {
+ "file_extension": ".sce",
+ "help_links": [
+ {
+ "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+ "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+ }
+ ],
+ "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+ "name": "scilab",
+ "version": "0.7.1"
+ }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2025-03-11 08:37:13 +0000