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diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_K_Rajagopal/9-Quantum_Physics.ipynb b/Engineering_Physics_by_K_Rajagopal/9-Quantum_Physics.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e708db8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Engineering_Physics_by_K_Rajagopal/9-Quantum_Physics.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ +{ +"cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 9: Quantum Physics" + ] + }, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.10: example_10.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"lemda=0.022*1e-10;//wavelength in meters\n", +"th=45;//angle in degree\n", +"m=9.1*1e-31;\n", +"c=3*1e8;//velocity of light in free space\n", +"h=6.62*1e-34;//plank's constant\n", +"x=cos(th);\n", +"disp(x);\n", +"dlemda=h*(1-cos(th))/(m*c);//delta lemda \n", +"disp('m',dlemda,'delta lemda is=');\n", +"//lemda-lemda1=dlemda s0.. lemda1=lemda-dlemda\n", +"lemda1=lemda-dlemda;//wavelength of incident X-rays\n", +"disp('m',lemda1,'wavelength of incident X-rays');\n", +"//there is variation in the answer than book.. checked in calculator too..(mistake of book)" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.11: example_11.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"a = 1e-10 // Width of box in meter\n", +"m = 9.1e-31; // Mass of electron in kg\n", +"h = 6.62e-34; // Planck's constant in Js\n", +"c = 3e8; // Velocity of light in vaccum\n", +"n = 1; // Single electron\n", +"E = (n^2 * h^2)/(8*m*a^2*1.6e-19);\n", +"disp('eV',E,'Energy of electron n^2*');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.12: example_12.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"a = 1e-10 // Width of box in meter\n", +"m = 9.1e-31; // Mass of electron in kg\n", +"h = 6.62e-34; // Planck's constant in Js\n", +"c = 3e8; // Velocity of light in vaccum\n", +"n = 1; // Single electron\n", +"E = (h^2)/(8*m*a^2);//Energy of in lower level\n", +"p = h/(2*a);//Momentum \n", +"disp('J',E,'Energy of in lower level');\n", +"disp('(kg.m)/s',p,'Momentum is ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.13: example_13.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"a = 0.2e-9 // Width of box in meter\n", +"m = 9.1e-31; // Mass of electron in kg\n", +"h = 6.62e-34; // Planck's constant in Js\n", +"c = 3e8; // Velocity of light in vaccum\n", +"E5 = 230*1.6e-19 // Energy of a particle in Volts in 5th antinode\n", +"n = 5;\n", +"E1 = E5/(n^2);\n", +"m = (h^2)/(8*E1*a^2);//Mass of electron \n", +"disp('kg',m,'Mass of electron is ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.14: example_14.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"n = 1; // Single particle\n", +"a = 50e-10; // Width of box in meter\n", +"deltax = 10e-10; // Intervel between particle\n", +"p = (2/a)*deltax;//The probability of finding the particle\n", +"disp('',p,'The probability of finding the particle is ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.15: example_15.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"h = 6.62*1e-34; // Planck's constant\n", +"m = 1e-9; // Mass of particle in kg\n", +"t = 100; //Time reqired by the particle to cross 1 mm distance\n", +"a = 1e-3 ; // Width of box in m\n", +"v = 1e-5; // Velocity of particle in m/s\n", +"E = (0.5*m*v^2);\n", +"n = sqrt(8*m*a^2*E/(h^2));//The quantum state\n", +"disp('',n,'The quantum state is ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.16: example_16.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"h = 6.62e-34; // Planck's constant in J.s\n", +"m = 9.1e-31 // Mass of electron in kg\n", +"nk =1;\n", +"nl = 1;\n", +"nm = 1;\n", +"a = 0.5e-10 // Width of cubical box in meter\n", +"E = (h^2*(nk^2+nl^2+nm^2))/(8*m*a^2*1.6e-19);//The lowest energy level will have energy\n", +"disp('eV',E,'The lowest energy level will have energy ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.1: example_1.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"e = 1.6e-19; // Charge of electron in Coloumb\n", +"lambda = 2e-10; // Wavelength of a photon in meters\n", +"h = 6.62e-34; // Planc's constant in Joule second\n", +"c = 3e8; // Velocity og light in air in meter per second\n", +"E = (h*c)/(lambda*e);//Thermal conductivity of Ni\n", +"p = h/lambda;//The momentum of photon \n", +"disp('eV',E,'The energy of photon is ');\n", +"disp('(kg.m)/s',p,'The momentum of photon is ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.2: example_2.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"h = 6.62e-34; // Planck's constant J.s\n", +"v = 440e3; // Operating frequency of radio in Hertz\n", +"P = 20e3 ; // Power of radio transmitter in Watts\n", +"n = P/(h*v);// Let n be the number of photons emitted per second\n", +"disp('',n,'Number of photon emitted per second is ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.3: example_3.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"h = 6.62e-34; // Planck's constant in J.s\n", +"c = 3e8; // Velocity of ligth in air\n", +"t = 18000; // Time of glow - (5*3600) in seconds\n", +"P = 30 //Power in watts\n", +"lambda = 5893e-10; // Wavelength of emitted ligth in meters\n", +"E = (h*c)/lambda; // Energy of a photon\n", +"n = (P*t)/E; // let n be the number of photons emitted in 5 hours\n", +"disp('',n,'Number of photons emitted in 5 hours is');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.4: example_4.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"h = 6.62*1e-34; // Plancl's constant in J.s\n", +"c = 3*1e8; // Velocity of light in vacccum in m/s \n", +"m = 9.1*1e-31; // Mass of electron in Kg\n", +"lambda = 0.7078*1e-10 // Wavelength in meter\n", +"theta = 90;\n", +"delta = (h*(1-cosd(theta))/(m*c));\n", +"Nlambda = lambda + delta;\n", +"disp('meter',Nlambda,'The wavelength of scattered X-rays is ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.5: example_5.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"m = 9.1e-31; // Mass of electron in kg\n", +"h = 6.62e-34; // Planck's constant in J.s\n", +"c = 3e8; // Velocity of light in vaccum\n", +"lambda = 1.8e18; // Frequency of the incident rays\n", +"theta = 180;//angle in degree\n", +"lambda = c/lambda;\n", +"delta = (h*(1-cosd(theta)))/(m*c);\n", +"Nlambda = lambda+delta;//'Wavelength of scattered X-rays\n", +"disp('meter',Nlambda,'Wavelength of scattered X-rays is ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.6: example_6.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"m = 9.1e-31; // Mass of electron in kg\n", +"h = 6.62e-34; // Planck's constant in Js\n", +"c = 3e8; // Velocity of light in vaccum\n", +"lambda = 1.12e-10; // Wavelength of light in meters\n", +"theta = 90;\n", +"delta = (h*(1-cosd(theta)))/(m*c);\n", +"Nlambda = lambda + delta;//The wavelength of scattered X-rays \n", +"E = (h*c)*((1/lambda)-(1/Nlambda)) ;//Energy of electron\n", +"disp('meters',Nlambda,'The wavelength of scattered X-rays is');\n", +"disp('J',E,'Energy of electron is ');\n", +" " + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.7: example_7.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"m = 9.1e-31; // Mass of electron in kg\n", +"h = 6.62e-34; // Planck's constant in Js\n", +"c = 3e8; // Velocity of light in vaccum\n", +"lambda = 0.03e-10; // Wavelength of light in meters\n", +"theta = 60;//angle in degree\n", +"delta = (h*(1-cosd(theta)))/(m*c);\n", +"Nlambda = lambda + delta;\n", +"E = ((h*c)*((1/lambda)-(1/Nlambda)))/1.6e-19 ;//Energy of recoiling electron\n", +"disp('eV',E,'Energy of recoiling electron is ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.8: example_8.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"m = 9.1e-31; // Mass of electron in kg\n", +"h = 6.62e-34; // Planck's constant in Js\n", +"c = 3e8; // Velocity of light in vaccum\n", +"lambda = 0.5e-10; // Wavelength of light in meters\n", +"theta = 90;\n", +"delta = (h*(1-cosd(theta)))/(m*c);\n", +"Nlambda = lambda + delta;\n", +"E = (h*c)*((1/lambda)-(1/Nlambda)) ;\n", +"disp('J',E,'Energy of electron is ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.9: example_9.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"clc;\n", +"clear all;\n", +"m = 9.1e-31; // Mass of electron in kg\n", +"h = 6.62e-34; // Planck's constant in Js\n", +"c = 3e8; // Velocity of light in vaccum\n", +"lambda = 1.5e-10; // Wavelength of light in meters\n", +"E = 0.5e-16; // Energy of electron in J \n", +"Nlambda = ((h*c)/lambda)-E;//'Energy of scattered electron\n", +"disp('J',Nlambda,'Energy of scattered electron is ');" + ] + } +], +"metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Scilab", + "language": "scilab", + "name": "scilab" + }, + "language_info": { + "file_extension": ".sce", + "help_links": [ + { + "text": "MetaKernel Magics", + "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md" + } + ], + "mimetype": "text/x-octave", + "name": "scilab", + "version": "0.7.1" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} |