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Diffstat (limited to 'Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma')
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diff --git a/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/1-Antenna_Principles.ipynb b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/1-Antenna_Principles.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f386fdd --- /dev/null +++ b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/1-Antenna_Principles.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,646 @@ +{ +"cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 1: Antenna Principles" + ] + }, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.10: Find_Field_Strength_at_10_Km_away_and_radiated_power.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.10\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"le=200;//in m\n", +"Irms=200;//in A\n", +"f=300;//in KHz\n", +"r=10;//in Km\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light i m/s\n", +"lambda=c/(f*1000);//in m\n", +"Erms=120*%pi*le*Irms/(lambda*r*10^3);//in V/m\n", +"disp(Erms,'Field strength at 10Km distace in V/m: ');\n", +"Rr=(160*(%pi)^2)*(le/lambda)^2;//in Ohm\n", +"W=Irms^2*Rr;//in Watts\n", +"disp(W/10^6,'Radiated Power in MWatts : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer is wrong in the book. Unit of answer in the book is written mW instead of MW by mistake." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.11: Find_Radiation_Resistance.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.11\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"//Formula : Rr=80*%pi^2*(l/lambda)^2\n", +"//Given l=lambda/60\n", +"//l/lambda=1/60\n", +"Rr=80*%pi^2*(1/60)^2;//in Ohm\n", +"disp(Rr,'Radiation resistance in Ohm: ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.12: Value_of_Electric_field_at_20_Km_away.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.12\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"r=10;//in Km\n", +"Erms=10;//in mV/m\n", +"r1=20;//in Km\n", +"//Formula : Erms=sqrt(90*W)/r;//in V/m\n", +"//Let swrt(90*W)=a\n", +"a=Erms*r;\n", +"Erms1=a/r1;//in mV/m\n", +"disp(Erms1,'Field strength at 20Km distace in mV/m: ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.13: Determine_field_strength.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.13\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"r=1;//in Km\n", +"r=1*10^3;//in m\n", +"l=1;//in m\n", +"Irms=10;//in A\n", +"f=5;//in MHz\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light i m/s\n", +"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//in m\n", +"le=2*l/%pi;//in m\n", +"Erms=120*%pi*le*Irms/(lambda*r);//in V/m\n", +"disp(Erms,'Field strength at 10Km distace in V/m: ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is wrong. Mistake during value putting." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.14: calculate_Effective_height_of_Antenna.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.14\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"Irms=30;//in A\n", +"f=1;//in MHz\n", +"Erms=10;//in mV/m\n", +"Erms=Erms*10^-3;//in V/m\n", +"r=50;//in Km\n", +"r=r*10^3;//in m\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light i m/s\n", +"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//in m\n", +"le=Erms*lambda*r/(120*%pi*Irms);//in m\n", +"disp(le,'Effetive height of Antenna in meter : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.15: Calculate_radiation_resistance.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.15\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"disp('Erms^2 = 30*Wt/r^2');\n", +"disp('Wt = Erms^2*r^2/30');\n", +"disp('Given : E = 10*I/r');\n", +"disp('Wt = (10*I/r)^2*r^2/30')\n", +"disp('Wt = 100*I^2/30')\n", +"disp('Rr = Wt/I^2 = 100/30');\n", +"disp(100/30,'Radiation resistance in Ohm : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.16: Find_distance_from_50_cycle_circuit.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.16\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"format('v',8);\n", +"lambda=300/(50*10^-6);//in m\n", +"r=round(lambda)/(2*%pi);//in m\n", +"disp(r,'Distance in meter : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is wrong." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.17: Find_Field_Strength_at_2_Km_away.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.17\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"r=2;//in Km\n", +"r=r*10^3;//in m\n", +"Wt=1;//in KW\n", +"Wt=Wt*10^3;//in Watt\n", +"Erms=sqrt(30*Wt)/r;//in V/m\n", +"disp(Erms*10^3,'Field strength at 2Km distace in mV/m: ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.18: Calculate_radiation_resistance.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.18\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"f=20;//in MHz\n", +"f=f*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"le=100;//in m\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in m\n", +"Rr=160*(%pi*le/lambda)^2;//in ohm\n", +"disp(Rr/1000,'Radiation Resistance in KOhm : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.19: Velocity_impedence_wavelength_and_Erms.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.19\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"P=10;//in W/m^2\n", +"f=40;//in MHz\n", +"f=f*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"mu_r=4;//constant\n", +"epsilon_r=5;//constant\n", +"//Velocity of propagation\n", +"//formula : v=(1/sqrt(mu_o*epsilon_o))*(1/sqrt(mu_r*epsilon_r));//in m/s\n", +"//1/sqrt(mu_o*epsilon_o)=c=speed of light=3*10^8 m/s\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light in m/s\n", +"v=c*(1/sqrt(mu_r*epsilon_r));//in m/s\n", +"disp(v,'Velocity of propagation in m/s : ');\n", +"//Wavelength\n", +"lambda=v/f;//in meter\n", +"disp(lambda,'Wavelength in Meter : ');\n", +"//rms electric field\n", +"//Formula : E=P*sqrt(mu_o/epsilon_o)*sqrt(mu_r/epsilon_r);//in V/m\n", +"E=sqrt(1200*%pi*sqrt(4/5));//in V/m\n", +"Erms=sqrt(E^2/sqrt(2));//in V/m\n", +"disp(Erms,'rms Electric Field in V/m: ');\n", +"//Impedence of medium\n", +"Eta=(sqrt(2)*Erms)^2/P;//in Ohm\n", +"disp(Eta,'Impedence of medium in ohm : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.1: Calculate_strength_of_magnetic_field.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.1\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"E=4;//in V/m\n", +"Eta=120*%pi;//constant\n", +"//Formula : E/H=Eta\n", +"H=E/Eta;//in A/m\n", +"disp(H,'Strength of magnetic field in free space in A/m : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.20: Find_Distance.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.20\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"disp('Hfi = (Im*dlsin(theta)/(4*%pi))*[cos(omega*t1)/r-omega*sin(omega*t1)/(c*r)]');\n", +"disp('200(Im*dlsin(theta)/(4*%pi))*(sin(omega*t1)/r^2)=(Im*dlsin(theta)/(4*%pi))*(-omega*sin(omega*t1)/(c*r))');\n", +"disp('200*cos(omega*t1)/r^2 = -omega*sin(omega*t1)/(c*r)');\n", +"disp('r=200*lambda/(2*%pi);//in Meter')\n", +"disp('r = '+string(200/(2*%pi))+'lambda');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.2: Calculate_strength_of_Electric_field.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.2\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"H=5.2;//in mA/m\n", +"Eta=120*%pi;//constant\n", +"//Formula : E/H=Eta\n", +"E=H*10^-3*Eta;//in V/m\n", +"disp(round(E),'Strength of Electric field in free space in V/m : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.3: Find_Power_radiated_by_Antenna.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.3\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"I=20;//in A\n", +"Rr=100;//in Ohm\n", +"//Formula : Wr=I^2*R\n", +"Wr=I^2*Rr;//in W\n", +"disp(Wr/1000,'Radiated power in KW : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.4: Find_Field_Strength_at_30_Km_away.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.4\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"W=625;//in KW\n", +"r=30;//in Km\n", +"Erms=sqrt(90*W*1000)/(r*1000);//in V/m\n", +"disp(Erms*1000,'Strength of Electric field at 30Km away in mV/m : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.5: Find_out_Efficiency_of_Antenna.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.5\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"le=10;//in m\n", +"Irms=450;//in A\n", +"f=50;//in KHz\n", +"R=1.5;//in Ohm\n", +"lambda=300/(f/1000);//in m\n", +"Rr=160*(%pi)^2*(le/lambda)^2;//in Ohm\n", +"Wr=Irms^2*Rr;//in W\n", +"disp(Wr,'Radiated power in Watts : ');\n", +"Eta=(Rr/(Rr+R))*100;//efficiency in %\n", +"disp(Eta,'Efficiency of antenna in % : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.6: Determine_Radiation_Resistance.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.6\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"le=50;//in m\n", +"f=100;//in MHz\n", +"lambda=300/(f);//in m\n", +"Rr=(160*(%pi)^2)*(le/lambda)^2;//in Ohm\n", +"disp(Rr/10^6,'Radiation Resistance in Mohm: ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is wrong" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.7: Determine_field_strength_at_a_distance_10_Km.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.7\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"l=30;//in m\n", +"Irms=20;//in A\n", +"f=1;//in MHz\n", +"r=10;//in Km\n", +"r=r*1000;//in m\n", +"le=2*l/%pi;//in m\n", +"lambda=300/(f);//in m\n", +"Erms=120*%pi*le*Irms/(lambda*r);//in V/m\n", +"disp(Erms,'Field strength at 10Km distace in V/m: ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is wrong" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.8: Calculate_radiation_resistance_and_efficiency_of_antenna.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.8\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"Rl=1;//in ohm\n", +"//Formula : Rr=80*%pi^2*(l/lambda)^2\n", +"//Given l=lambda/10\n", +"//l/lambda=1/10\n", +"Rr=80*%pi^2*(1/10)^2;//in Ohm\n", +"disp(Rr,'Radiation resistance in Ohm: ');\n", +"Eta=Rr/(Rr+Rl);//Unitless\n", +"disp(Eta*100,'Antenna Efficiency in % : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.9: Calculate_strength_of_electric_field_at_a_distance_100_Km.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 1.9\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"r=100;//in Km\n", +"W=100;//in KW\n", +"Erms=sqrt(90*W*1000)/(r*1000);//in V/m\n", +"disp(Erms,'Strength of Electric Field in V/m : ');" + ] + } +], +"metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Scilab", + "language": "scilab", + "name": "scilab" + }, + "language_info": { + "file_extension": ".sce", + "help_links": [ + { + "text": "MetaKernel Magics", + "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md" + } + ], + "mimetype": "text/x-octave", + "name": "scilab", + "version": "0.7.1" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/10-Sky_Wave_Propagation.ipynb b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/10-Sky_Wave_Propagation.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..382427f --- /dev/null +++ b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/10-Sky_Wave_Propagation.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,377 @@ +{ +"cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 10: Sky Wave Propagation" + ] + }, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 10.10: Find_frequency_for_propagation_in_E_region.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 10.10\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"n=0.6;//refractive index\n", +"N=4.23*10^4;//in m^-3\n", +"//Formula : n=sqrt(1-81*N/f^2)\n", +"f=sqrt(81*N/(1-n^2));//in Hz\n", +"disp(f/1000,'Frequency of wave propagation in KHz : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 10.11: Find_frequency_for_propagation_in_D_region.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 10.11\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"n=0.8;//refractive index\n", +"N=500;//in cm^-3\n", +"//Formula : n=sqrt(1-81*N/f^2)\n", +"f=sqrt(81*N/(1-n^2));//in KHz\n", +"disp(f,'Frequency of wave propagation in KHz : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 10.1: Determine_the_range.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 10.1\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"H=500;//in km\n", +"n=0.8;//in m\n", +"f_muf=10;//in MHz\n", +"f_muf=f_muf*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"f=10;//in MHz\n", +"f=f*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"// Formula : n=sqrt(1-81*N/f^2)\n", +"Nmax=(1-n^2)*f^2/81;//in Hz;\n", +"fc=9*sqrt(Nmax);//in Hz\n", +"Dskip=2*H*sqrt((f_muf/fc)^2-1);//in Km\n", +"disp(Dskip,'Assuming the earth is flat the range in Km : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is wrong." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 10.2: Determine_the_ground_range.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 10.2\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"n=0.8;//in m\n", +"H=500;//in km\n", +"a=6370;//in km\n", +"D=1349.07;//in Km\n", +"f_muf=10;//in MHz\n", +"f_muf=f_muf*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"f=10;//in MHz\n", +"f=f*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"// Formula : n=sqrt(1-81*N/f^2)\n", +"Nmax=(1-n^2)*f^2/81;//in Hz;\n", +"fc=9*sqrt(Nmax);//in Hz\n", +"// Formula : f_muf/fc=sqrt(D^2/(4*(H+D^2/(8*a))))+1\n", +"D1=2*[H+D^2/(8*a)]*sqrt((f_muf/fc)^2-1);//in Km\n", +"Dskip=2*H*sqrt((f_muf/fc)^2-1);//in Km\n", +"disp(D1,'Assuming the earth is curved the ground range in Km : '); " + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 10.3: Find_critical_frequency_for_reflection.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 10.3\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"Nmax=2.48*10^6;//in cm^-3\n", +"Nmax=2.48*10^6*10^-6;//in m^-3\n", +"fc=9*sqrt(Nmax);//in MHz\n", +"disp(fc,'Critical frequency in MHz : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 10.4: Calculate_MUF_for_given_path.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 10.4\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"H=200;//in Km\n", +"D=4000;//in Km\n", +"fc=5;//in MHz\n", +"f_muf=fc*sqrt(1+(D/(2*H))^2);//in MHz\n", +"disp(f_muf,'MUF for the given path in MHz : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is wrong." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 10.5: Calculate_critical_frequencies_for_F1_F2_and_E.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 10.5\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"//For F1 layer :\n", +"disp('For F1 layer :');\n", +"Nmax=2.3*10^6;//in cm^3\n", +"Nmax=2.3*10^6*10^-6;//in m^3\n", +"fc=9*sqrt(Nmax);//in MHz\n", +"disp(fc,'Critical frequency in MHz : ');\n", +"\n", +"//For F2 layer :\n", +"disp('For F2 layer :');\n", +"Nmax=3.5*10^6;//in cm^3\n", +"Nmax=3.5*10^6*10^-6;//in m^3\n", +"fc=9*sqrt(Nmax);//in MHz\n", +"disp(fc,'Critical frequency in MHz : ');\n", +"\n", +"//For F3 layer :\n", +"disp('For F3 layer :');\n", +"Nmax=1.7*10^6;//in cm^3\n", +"Nmax=1.7*10^6*10^-6;//in m^3\n", +"fc=9*sqrt(Nmax);//in MHz\n", +"disp(fc,'Critical frequency in MHz : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is wrong." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 10.6: Find_frequency_for_propagation_in_D_region.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 10.6\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"n=0.7;//refractive index\n", +"N=400;//in cm^-3\n", +"//Formula : n=sqrt(1-81*N/f^2)\n", +"f=sqrt(81*N/(1-n^2));//in KHz\n", +"disp(f,'Frequency of wave propagation in KHz : ');\n", +"//Note : Unit of Answer in the book is MHz. It is written by mistake. It is accurately calculated by scilab in KHz. " + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 10.7: Find_maximum_distance_and_Radio_Horizon.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 10.7\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"HT=169;//in meter\n", +"HR=20;//in meter\n", +"d=4.12*(sqrt(HT)+sqrt(HR));//in Km\n", +"disp(d,'Maximum distance in Km : ');\n", +"r_dash=(4/3)*6370/1000;//in Km\n", +"RadioHorizon=sqrt(2*r_dash*HT);//in Km\n", +"disp(RadioHorizon,'Radio Horizon in Km : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 10.8: Calculate_transmission_path_distance.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 10.8\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"H=200;//in Km\n", +"Beta=20;//in Degree\n", +"a=6370;//in Km\n", +"D_flat=2*H/tan(Beta*%pi/180);//in Km\n", +"disp(D_flat,'If earth assumed to be flat transmission path distance in Km : ');\n", +"D_curved=2*a*[(90*%pi/180-Beta*%pi/180)-asin(a*cos(Beta*%pi/180)/(a+H))]\n", +"disp(D_curved,'If earth assumed to be curved transmission path distance in Km : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 10.9: Calculate_maximum_range_obtainable_in_single_hop_transmission.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 10.9\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"R=6370;//in Km\n", +"hm=400;//in Km\n", +"//Formula : d=2*R*Q=2*R*acos(R/(R+hm))\n", +"d=2*R*acos(R/(R+hm));//in Km\n", +"disp(d,'Maximum Range in a single range transmission in Km : ');" + ] + } +], +"metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Scilab", + "language": "scilab", + "name": "scilab" + }, + "language_info": { + "file_extension": ".sce", + "help_links": [ + { + "text": "MetaKernel Magics", + "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md" + } + ], + "mimetype": "text/x-octave", + "name": "scilab", + "version": "0.7.1" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/2-Network_Theorems.ipynb b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/2-Network_Theorems.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2470f30 --- /dev/null +++ b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/2-Network_Theorems.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +{ +"cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 2: Network Theorems" + ] + }, +], +"metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Scilab", + "language": "scilab", + "name": "scilab" + }, + "language_info": { + "file_extension": ".sce", + "help_links": [ + { + "text": "MetaKernel Magics", + "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md" + } + ], + "mimetype": "text/x-octave", + "name": "scilab", + "version": "0.7.1" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/3-Antenna_Terminology.ipynb b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/3-Antenna_Terminology.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3c38db5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/3-Antenna_Terminology.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,614 @@ +{ +"cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 3: Antenna Terminology" + ] + }, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.10: Calculate_front_to_back_ratio.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.10\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"P1=30;//in KW\n", +"P1=P1*1000;//in W\n", +"P2=5000;//in W\n", +"Gdb=10*log10(P1/P2);//unitless\n", +"disp(Gdb,'Front to back ratio = Gdb = ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.11: Determine_Gain_for_received_power.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.11\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"f=10;//in GHz\n", +"f=f*10^9;//in Hz\n", +"Gt=40;//in dB\n", +"Gr=40;//in dB\n", +"disp(Gt,'Gain = Gt = Gr : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.12: Find_out_Efficiency_of_Antenna_and_power_gain.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.12\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"L=10;//in m\n", +"f=1.5;//in MHz\n", +"f=f*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"X=350;//in Ohm\n", +"Q=100;//Coil parameter\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in Meter\n", +"l_eff=2*L/2;//in m\n", +"Re=2*X/Q;//in Ohm\n", +"Rr=40*%pi^2*(l_eff/lambda)^2;//in hm\n", +"Gd=(3/2)*(lambda^2/(4*%pi));//unitless\n", +"ETA=Rr/(Rr+Re);//Efficiency unitless\n", +"Gp=Gd*ETA;////unitless\n", +"disp(ETA*100,'Antenna Efficiency in % : ');\n", +"disp(Gp,'Power gain : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer of Gp is wrong in the book." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.13: Determine_Quality_factor.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.13\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"delf=600;//in KHz\n", +"fr=50;//in MHz\n", +"Q=(fr*10^6)/(delf*10^3);//unitless\n", +"disp(Q,'Quality Factor : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.14: Calculate_Directivity_of_Isotropic_Antenna.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.14\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"OmegaA=4*%pi;//For isotropic Antenna\n", +"D=4*%pi/OmegaA;//Directivity : Unitless\n", +"disp(D,'Directivity of Isotropic Antenna : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.15: Calculate_Maximum_effective_aperture.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.15\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"D=500;//Directivity : Unitless\n", +"format('v',6)\n", +"disp('D = (4*%pi/lambda^2)*Aem');\n", +"disp('Aem = D*lambda^2/(4*%pi)');\n", +"disp('Aem ='+string(D/(4*%pi))+'lambda^2');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.16: Find_Effective_Noise_Temperature.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.16\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data\n", +"Fn_dB=1.1;//in dB\n", +"Fn=10^(Fn_dB/10);//unitless\n", +"To=290;//in Kelvin\n", +"Te=To*(Fn-1);//in Kelvin\n", +"disp(Te,'Effective Noise Temperature in Kelvin : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.19: Find_Gain_Beamwidth_and_Capture_area.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.19\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data\n", +"format('v',9);\n", +"D=6;//in meter\n", +"f=10;//in GHz\n", +"f=f*10^9;//in Hz\n", +"Aactual=%pi*D^2/4;//in m^2\n", +"Ae=0.6*Aactual;//in m^2\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in Meter\n", +"G=4*%pi*Ae/lambda^2;//Unitless\n", +"Gdb=10*log10(G);//gain in dB\n", +"BWFN=140*lambda/D;//in degree\n", +"disp(G,'Gain : ');\n", +"disp(Gdb,'Gain in dB : ');\n", +"disp(BWFN,'Beamwidth in degree : ');\n", +"disp(Ae,'Capture Area in m^2 : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is not accurate." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.1: Calculate_strength_of_magnetic_field.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.1\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"E=10;//in V/m\n", +"ETA_o=120*%pi;//Constant\n", +"H=E/ETA_o;//in A/m\n", +"disp(H,'The Magnetic Field Strength in A/m : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer is wrong in the book." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.20: Find_Beamwidth.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.20\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data\n", +"Gdb=44;//gain in dB\n", +"G=10^(Gdb/10);//gain unitless\n", +"OmegaB=4*%pi/G;//n steradian\n", +"THETA3db=sqrt(4*OmegaB/%pi);//in Radian\n", +"disp(THETA3db,'Beamwidth THETA3db in degree : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is not accurate." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.2: Calculate_field_strength_at_receiver.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.2\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"W=25;//in KW\n", +"W=W*10^3;//in W\n", +"r=3;//in Km\n", +"r=r*10^3;//in m\n", +"Erms=sqrt(90*W)/r;//in V/m\n", +"disp(Erms,'Field strength at reciever in V/m :');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.3: Calculate_radiation_resistance_power_radiated_and_antenna_efficiency.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.3\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"le=125;//in m\n", +"Irms=5;//in A\n", +"lambda=1.25;//in Km\n", +"lambda=lambda*10^3;//in m\n", +"Rl=10;//in Ohm\n", +"//radiation Resistance\n", +"Rr=(80*%pi^2)*(le/lambda)^2;//in Ohm\n", +"Rr=round(Rr);//in Ohm : approx\n", +"disp(Rr,'Radiation resistance in Ohm : ');\n", +"//Power radiated\n", +"W=(Irms^2)*Rr;//in \n", +"disp(W,'Power radiated in W : ')\n", +"//Antenna efficiency \n", +"ETA=Rr/(Rr+Rl)\n", +"disp(ETA*100,'Antenna efficiency in % : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.4: Determine_E_and_H_field.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.4\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"r=1;//in Km\n", +"r=r*10^3;//in m\n", +"I=0.5;//in A\n", +"//For theta = 45 degree\n", +"theta=45 ;//in degree\n", +"E=(60*I/r)*((cos(%pi*cos(theta*%pi/180)/2))/sin(theta*%pi/180));\n", +"disp(E*10^3,'E-Field for 45 degree angle in mV/m :');\n", +"ETA_o=120*%pi;//constant\n", +"H=E/ETA_o;//in A/m\n", +"disp(H*10^3,'H-Field for 45 degree angle in mV/m :');\n", +"\n", +"//For theta = 90 degree\n", +"theta=90 ;//in degree\n", +"E=(60*I/r)*((cos(%pi*cos(theta*%pi/180)/2))/sin(theta*%pi/180));\n", +"disp(E*10^3,'E-Field for 90 degree angle in mV/m :');\n", +"ETA_o=120*%pi;//constant\n", +"H=E/ETA_o;//in A/m\n", +"disp(H*10^3,'H-Field for 90 degree angle in mV/m :');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.5: Find_Radiation_Resistance.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.5\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"//l=lambda/10 meter\n", +"//Assume %pi^2 = 10\n", +"Rl=2;//in Ohm\n", +"disp('Rr=80*%pi^2*(dl/lambda)^2');\n", +"disp('dl/lambda = 1/10 : as l=lambda/10 ');\n", +"Rr=80*10*(1/10)^2;//in Ohm\n", +"disp(Rr,'Radiation Resistance in Ohm : ');\n", +"ETA=Rr/(Rr+Rl);//in Ohm\n", +"disp(ETA*100,' Efficiency inn % : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.6: Directivity_gain_effective_aperture_beam_solid_angle.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.6\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"//l=lambda/15 meter\n", +"//Assume %pi^2 = 10\n", +"Rl=2;//in Ohm\n", +"//Gain : \n", +"Gain=5.33/4;//Unitless\n", +"//Directivity\n", +"Rr=80*10*(1/15)^2;//in Ohm\n", +"ETA=Rr/(Rr+Rl);//Unitless\n", +"Directivity=Gain/ETA;//unitless\n", +"//Beam solid angle \n", +"BSA=4*%pi/Directivity;//in steradian\n", +"disp(Directivity,'Directivity : ');\n", +"disp(Gain,'Gain = Pt/Pr = ');\n", +"//Effective aperture\n", +"disp('Effective aperture = G*lambda^2/(4*%pi) ');\n", +"disp(string(Gain/(4*%pi))+'lambda^2');\n", +"disp(BSA,'Beam Solid Angle in steradian : ');\n", +"disp('Radiation Resistance :')\n", +"disp('Rr=80*%pi^2*(dl/lambda)^2 in Ohm');\n", +"disp('dl/lambda = 1/15 : as l=lambda/10 ');\n", +"Rr=80*10*(1/15)^2;//in Ohm\n", +"disp(Rr,'Radiation Resistance in Ohm : ');\n", +"disp('Pt = Area of sphere * (E^2/(120*%pi))');\n", +"disp('Pt = ((4*%pi^2)/(120*%pi))*((60*%pi*I/r)*(dl/lambda)^2)');\n", +"disp('Pt=120*%pi^2*(lambda*15/lambda)*I^2');\n", +"disp('Pt = '+string(120*10/225)+'I^2');\n", +"disp('Pr = I^2*Rr = 4*I^2');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.7: calculate_Gain_and_Bandwidth.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.7\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"D=30;//in m\n", +"k=0.55;//illumination efficiency\n", +"f=4;//in GHz\n", +"f=f*10^9;//in Hz\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in Meter\n", +"r=D/2;//in m\n", +"A=%pi*(r^2);//in m^2\n", +"G=(4*%pi/lambda^2)*k*A;//Unitless\n", +"disp(G,'Gain : ');\n", +"HPBW=70*lambda/D;//in Degree\n", +"disp(HPBW,'HPBW in Degree : ');\n", +"BWFN=2*70*lambda/D;//in Degree\n", +"disp(BWFN,'BWFN in Degree : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.8: Calculate_Directivity.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.8\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"Rl=20;//in Ohm\n", +"Rr=100;//in Ohm\n", +"Gp=25;//power gain \n", +"ETA=Rr/(Rr+Rl);//Unitless\n", +"D=Gp/ETA;//unitless\n", +"disp(D,'Directivity : ')" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.9: Calculate_Maximum_effective_aperture.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 3.9\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"lambda=10;//in m\n", +"D=80;//unitless\n", +"Aem=D*lambda^2/(4*%pi);//in m^2\n", +"disp(Aem,'Maximum effective aperture in m^2 : ');" + ] + } +], +"metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Scilab", + "language": "scilab", + "name": "scilab" + }, + "language_info": { + "file_extension": ".sce", + "help_links": [ + { + "text": "MetaKernel Magics", + "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md" + } + ], + "mimetype": "text/x-octave", + "name": "scilab", + "version": "0.7.1" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/4-Antenna_Arrays.ipynb b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/4-Antenna_Arrays.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dc9267c --- /dev/null +++ b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/4-Antenna_Arrays.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,422 @@ +{ +"cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 4: Antenna Arrays" + ] + }, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.13: calculate_the_distance.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 4.13\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"n=8;//no. of elements\n", +"BWFN=45;//in degree\n", +"theta=45;//in degree\n", +"f=40;//in MHz\n", +"f=f*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"//Formula : theta=2*asin(2*%pi/(n*dr))\n", +"dr=(2*%pi/n)/sin((theta/2)*(%pi/180));//\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in m\n", +"d=dr*lambda/(2*%pi);//in m\n", +"disp(d,'Distane in meter :');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.14: Find_Directivity_of_broad_side_array.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 4.14\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"n=10;//no. of elements\n", +"//given : d=lambda/4;//in m\n", +"disp('Llambda=n*d/lambda');\n", +"disp('Putting d=;ambda/4 we get Llambda=n/4');\n", +"Llambda=n/4;//unitless\n", +"D=2*Llambda;//in unitless \n", +"disp(D,'Directivity of broadside uniform array : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.15: Obtain_Field_pattern_Maxima_and_Minima.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 4.15\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"n=2;//no. of elements\n", +"//given : d=lambda/3 in m\n", +"delta=%pi/3;//in phase difference\n", +"disp('dr=2*%pi*d/lambda');\n", +"disp('Putting d=lambda/3 we get dr=2*%pi/3');\n", +"dr=2*%pi/3;// \n", +"disp('psi=dr*cos(theta)+delta');\n", +"disp('psi=(2*%pi/3)*cos(theta)+%pi/3');\n", +"//Maxima :\n", +"disp('Maxima : cos((%pi/3)*cos(theta)+%pi/6)=1 .....Magnitude');\n", +"disp('(%pi/3)*cos(theta)+%pi/6=K*%pi');\n", +"disp('theta=acos(-1/2+3*k)');\n", +"disp('theta=+120,-120 degree');\n", +"\n", +"//Minima :\n", +"disp('Minima : cos((%pi/3)*cos(theta)+%pi/6)=0');\n", +"disp('(%pi/3)*cos(theta)+%pi/6=(2*k+1)*%pi/2');\n", +"disp('theta=acos(-1/2+(3/2)*(2*k+1))');\n", +"disp('theta=0 degree');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.17: design_array_to_achieve_optimum_pattern.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 4.17\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"MainBeamwidth=45;//in degree\n", +"thetaN=MainBeamwidth/2;//in degree\n", +"thetaN=thetaN*%pi/180;//in radian\n", +"m=5;//no. of elements\n", +"//given : d=lambda/2 in meter\n", +"x=cos(%pi/(2*(m-1)));\n", +"xo=x/cos((%pi/2)*sin(thetaN));//unitless\n", +"disp('E5=ao*z+a1*(2*z^2-1)+a2*(8*z^4-8*z^2+1)');\n", +"disp('We Know that : z=x/xo, E5=T4*xo');\n", +"disp('ao=a1*(2*(x/xo)^2-1)+a2*[8*(x/xo)^4-8*(x/xo)^2+1]=8*x^4-8*x^2+1');\n", +"disp('By comparing the term we have : ');\n", +"disp('a2=xo^4 a1=4*a2-4*xo^2 ao=1+a1-a2 ')\n", +"a2=xo^4;\n", +"a1=4*a2-4*xo^2;\n", +"ao=1+a1-a2;\n", +"disp('And therefore the 5 elements array is given by : ');\n", +"disp(string(a2)+' '+string(a1)+' '+string(2*ao)+' '+string(a1)+' '+string(a2));" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.18: Design_array_5_elements_to_achieve_optimum_pattern.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 4.18\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"//Side lobe level below main lobe\n", +"disp('Side lobe level below main lobe : ')\n", +"SideLobe=20;//in dB\n", +"r=10^(SideLobe/20);//\n", +"disp(r,'r=') ;\n", +"//No. of elements are 5, n=5\n", +"disp('No. of elements are 5, n=5 :');\n", +"disp('Tchebyscheff polynomials of degree (n-1) is');\n", +"disp('5-1=4');\n", +"disp('T4(xo)=r');\n", +"disp('8*xo^4-8*xo^2+1=10');\n", +"disp('By using alternate formula, we get');\n", +"m=4;\n", +"r=10;\n", +"xo=(1/2)*[{r+sqrt(r^2-1)}^(1/m)+{r-sqrt(r^2-1)}^(1/m)]\n", +"disp(xo,'xo=');\n", +"disp('E5=T4(xo)')\n", +"disp('E5=ao*z+a1*(2*z^2-1)+a2*(8*z^4-8*z^2+1)');\n", +"disp('We Know that : z=x/xo, E5=T4*xo');\n", +"disp('ao=a1*(2*(x/xo)^2-1)+a2*[8*(x/xo)^4-8*(x/xo)^2+1]=8*x^4-8*x^2+1');\n", +"disp('By comparing the term we have : ');\n", +"disp('a2=xo^4 a1=4*a2-4*xo^2 ao=1+a1-a2 ')\n", +"a2=xo^4;\n", +"a1=4*a2-4*xo^2;\n", +"ao=1+a1-a2;\n", +"disp('And therefore the 5 elements array is given by : ');\n", +"disp(string(a2)+' '+string(a1)+' '+string(2*ao)+' '+string(a1)+' '+string(a2));" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.3: Calculate_HPBW_of_major_lobes.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 4.3\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"disp('For a two elements arrayy the total field is given by : ');\n", +"disp('E=2*Eo*cos(psi/2)');\n", +"disp('(i) It is a case of braod side array : so, delta = 0');\n", +"disp('psi = Beta*d*cos(theta)+delta')\n", +"disp('d=3*lambda/2');\n", +"disp('Beta*d = (2*%pi/lambda)*(3*lambda/2) = 3*%pi')\n", +"disp('psi = 3*%pi*cos(theta)');\n", +"disp('psi/2 = (3*%pi/2)*cos(theta)');\n", +"disp('The maxima for broad side array occurs when theta = %pi/2');\n", +"disp('Ep = 2*Eo*cos(3*(%pi/2)*cos(%pi/2))');\n", +"disp('Ep = 2*Eo as cos(%pi/2) = 0 and cos(0)=1');\n", +"disp('At half power beamwidth the field becomes Ep/sqrt(2)');\n", +"disp('So, cos(3*(%pi/2)*cos(theta)) = 1/sqrt(2)');\n", +"disp('3*(%pi/2)*cos(theta)=%pi/4');\n", +"disp('cos(theta) = 1/6');\n", +"disp('theta = 80.5 degree')\n", +"theta = 80.5;//in degree\n", +"HPBW=2*(90-theta);//in degree\n", +"disp(HPBW,'HPBW in degree : ');\n", +"disp('(ii) Equal amplitude and different phase(540 degree) : (end fire array) ');\n", +"disp('In case of end fire array : ');\n", +"disp('delta = -Beta*d');\n", +"disp('Beta*d = 540 degree = 3*%pi');\n", +"disp('psi = 3*%pi*cos(theta)-3*%pi = 3*%pi*(cos(theta)-1)');\n", +"disp('E_HPBW = 3*%pi*(cos(theta)-1) = %pi/4 = 1/sqrt(2)');\n", +"disp('3*%pi*(cos(theta)-1) = %pi/4');\n", +"disp('cos(theta) = 1+1/12 = 13/12');\n", +"disp('theta = 33.6 degree');\n", +"theta=33.6;//in degree\n", +"HPBW=2*theta;//in degree\n", +"disp(HPBW,'HPBW in degree : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.4: Calculate_Directivity_and_gain.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 4.4\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"n=10;//no. of elements\n", +"//d=lambda/4 separation in meter\n", +"disp('For broad side array : ')\n", +"disp('D=2*n/(lambda/d)');\n", +"disp('Putting d=lambda/4 we get D=2*n/4')\n", +"D=2*n/4;//directivity : unitless\n", +"Ddb=10*log10(D);//in db\n", +"disp(Ddb,'For broad side array D in db = ');\n", +"disp('For end fire array : ')\n", +"disp('D=4*n/(lambda/d)');\n", +"disp('Putting d=lambda/4 we get D=4*n/4')\n", +"D=4*n/4;//directivity : unitless\n", +"Ddb=10*log10(D);//in db\n", +"disp(Ddb,'For end fire array D in db = ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.5: HPBW_Directivity_Effective_aperture_and_Beam_solid_angle.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 4.1\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"delta=-90;//in degree\n", +"//Formula : HPBW=57.3/(sqrt(L/(2*lambda))) in Degree\n", +"n=20;//no. of point sources\n", +"//d=lambda/4;//in meter\n", +"//L=(n-1)*d\n", +"//L=(n-1)*lambda/4\n", +"LBYlambda=(n-1)/4;//in meter\n", +"HPBW=57.3/(sqrt(LBYlambda/2));// in Degree\n", +"disp(HPBW,'HPBW in Degree : ');\n", +"D=4*LBYlambda;//Directivity\n", +"disp(D,'Directivity : ');\n", +"disp('Effective aperture : Ae='+string(D/(4*%pi))+'*lambda^2');\n", +"Omega=4*%pi/D;//in steradian\n", +"disp('Beam Solid Angle : Omega = '+string(Omega));\n", +"//Note : Answer of Ae and omega in the book is wrong." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.6: Determine_Power_radiated_and_HPBW.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 4.6\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"n=8;//no. of half wave dipoles\n", +"lambda=100;//in cm\n", +"lambda=lambda*10^-2;//in m\n", +"d=50;//in cm\n", +"d=d*10^-2;//in m\n", +"I=0.5;//in A\n", +"Rr=73;//in Ohm\n", +"Pr=n*I^2*Rr;//in Watts\n", +"disp(Pr,'Pr in Watts : ');\n", +"BWFN=2*lambda/(n*d);//in radian\n", +"HPBW=BWFN/2;//in radian\n", +"disp(HPBW,'HPBW in radian : ');\n", +"disp(HPBW*180/%pi,'HPBW in degree : ')" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.7: Find_Directivity_of_end_fire_array.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 4.7\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"n=10;//no. of elements\n", +"//d=lambda/4 separation in meter\n", +"disp('Do=1.789*4*n*d/lambda');\n", +"disp('Putting d=lambda/4 we get D=1.789*n')\n", +"Do=1.789*n;//directivity : unitless\n", +"Dodb=10*log10(Do);//in db\n", +"disp(Dodb,'Do in db = ');" + ] + } +], +"metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Scilab", + "language": "scilab", + "name": "scilab" + }, + "language_info": { + "file_extension": ".sce", + "help_links": [ + { + "text": "MetaKernel Magics", + "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md" + } + ], + "mimetype": "text/x-octave", + "name": "scilab", + "version": "0.7.1" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/5-Practical_Antennas_1.ipynb b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/5-Practical_Antennas_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ff0d8bd --- /dev/null +++ b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/5-Practical_Antennas_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,245 @@ +{ +"cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 5: Practical Antennas 1" + ] + }, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.1: Estima_radiation_resistance_for_single_and_8_turn.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 5.1\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//For Single Turn:\n", +"disp('A=%pi*a^2');\n", +"disp('Putting a=lambda/25 we get : A=%pi*lambda^2/625');\n", +"disp('Radiation Resistance Rr=31171.2*[A/lambda^2]^2');\n", +"disp('Putting A=%pi*lambda^2/625 ');\n", +"Rr_1=31171.2*[%pi/625]^2;//in Ohm\n", +"disp(Rr_1,'radiation Resistance(in Ohm) for single turn : ');\n", +"\n", +"//For Eight Turn:\n", +"N=8;//no. of turns\n", +"Rr=Rr_1*N^2;//in Ohm\n", +"disp(Rr,'radiation Resistance(in Ohm) for Eight turn : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.2: Determine_Peak_Value_of_Magnetic_Field_Intensity.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 5.2\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//Given data :\n", +"f=20;//in MHz\n", +"N=15;//No. of turns\n", +"A=2;//in m^2\n", +"Vrms=200;//in uV\n", +"theta=acos(1);;//in radian\n", +"mu_o=4*%pi*10^-7;//in H/m\n", +"//Formula : Vm=2*%pi*f*mu_o*H*A*N\n", +"Vm=Vrms*sqrt(2);//in uV\n", +"H=(Vm*10^-6)/(2*%pi*f*10^6*mu_o*A*N);//in A/m\n", +"disp(H*1000,'Peak Value of magnetic feld intensity in mA/m : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is wrong." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.3: calculate_maximum_emf_in_the_loop.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 5.3\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//Given data :\n", +"f=20;//in MHz\n", +"f=f*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"Wmax=25;//in mW/m^2\n", +"A=10;//in m^2\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in meter\n", +"Rr=31171.2*[A/lambda^2]^2;//iin Ohm\n", +"//Formula : Wmax=V^2/(4*Rr)\n", +"V=sqrt(Wmax*10^-3*4*Rr);//in Volts\n", +"disp(V,'Maximum emf in the loop in Volts : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is wrong." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.4: Calculate_Voltage_across_the_capacitor.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 5.4\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//Given data :\n", +"N=20;//turns\n", +"D=1;//in meter\n", +"r=D/2;//in meter\n", +"E=200*10^-6;//in V/m\n", +"L=50*10^-6;//in H\n", +"R=2;//in Ohm\n", +"f=1.5;//in MHz\n", +"f=f*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in meter\n", +"A=%pi*r^2;//in m^2\n", +"Vrms=2*%pi*E*A*N/lambda;//in Volts\n", +"Q=2*%pi*f*L/R;//unitless\n", +"Vc_rms=Vrms*Q;//in Volts\n", +"disp(Vc_rms*1000,'Voltage across the capacitor in mV :');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is wrong." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.5: Calculate_input_voltage_to_the_receiver.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 5.5\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//Given data :\n", +"N=100;//No. of turns\n", +"A=2;//in m^2\n", +"f=10;//in MHz\n", +"f=f*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"Q=150;//Quality factor\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in meter\n", +"Erms=10*10^-6;//in V/m\n", +"theta=60;//in degree\n", +"Vrms=2*%pi*Erms*A*N*cos(theta*%pi/180)/lambda;\n", +"Vin=Vrms*Q;//in Volts\n", +"disp(Vin*1000,'Voltage to the receiver in mV : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is wrong." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.6: Derive_input_impedence_of_folded_dipole_antenna.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 5.1\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"disp('The emf applied to the end terminals is V. This is being divided in two equal half in each dipole. Hence voltage in each dipole is V/2.');\n", +"disp('By nodal analysis : ');\n", +"disp('V/2=I1*Z11+I2*Z12 eq(1)');\n", +"disp('Where I1,I2 are currents flowing at terminals of dipole1 and dipole 2');\n", +"disp('Z11 and Z12 ares self impedences of dipole1 and mutual impedence between dipole1 and dipole2 respectively.');\n", +"disp('I1=I2');\n", +"disp('V/2=I*(Z11+Z12) eq(2)');\n", +"disp('Both the dipoles are kept lambda/100 apart (i.e., they are very close to each other.)')\n", +"disp('So, Z11=Z12');\n", +"disp('From eq(1) and eq(2) : ');\n", +"disp('V/2=I1*(2*Z11)');\n", +"disp('Z=V/I1=4*Z11');\n", +"Z11=73 ;//Resistance for a dipole in Ohm \n", +"disp('Z=4*73 ohm');\n", +"disp('Z=292 ohm');" + ] + } +], +"metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Scilab", + "language": "scilab", + "name": "scilab" + }, + "language_info": { + "file_extension": ".sce", + "help_links": [ + { + "text": "MetaKernel Magics", + "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md" + } + ], + "mimetype": "text/x-octave", + "name": "scilab", + "version": "0.7.1" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/6-Practical_Antennas_2.ipynb b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/6-Practical_Antennas_2.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2d29e3b --- /dev/null +++ b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/6-Practical_Antennas_2.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,444 @@ +{ +"cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 6: Practical Antennas 2" + ] + }, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.10: Determine_cut_off_frequencies_and_bandpass.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 6.10\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//Given Data:\n", +"Tau=0.7;//Design Factor\n", +"L1=0.3*2;//in meter\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speednof light in m/s\n", +"f1=(c/(2*L1))/10^6;//in MHz\n", +"//Design factor : L1/L2=L2/L3=L3/L4=.......=0.7\n", +"L2=0.7/L1;//in meter\n", +"f2=f1*0.7;//in MHz\n", +"f3=f2*0.7;//in MHz\n", +"f4=f3*0.7;//in MHz\n", +"f5=f4*0.7;//in MHz\n", +"f6=f5*0.7;//in MHz\n", +"f7=f6*0.7;//in MHz\n", +"f8=f7*0.7;//in MHz\n", +"f9=f8*0.7;//in MHz\n", +"f10=f9*0.7;//in MHz\n", +"disp('Cutoff frequencies in MHz :')\n", +"disp(f1,'f1 in MHz :');\n", +"disp(f2,'f2 in MHz :');\n", +"disp(f3,'f3 in MHz :');\n", +"disp(f4,'f4 in MHz :');\n", +"disp(f5,'f5 in MHz :');\n", +"disp(f6,'f6 in MHz :');\n", +"disp(f7,'f7 in MHz :');\n", +"disp(f8,'f8 in MHz :');\n", +"disp(f9,'f9 in MHz :');\n", +"disp(f10,'f10 in MHz :');\n", +"disp(f1-f10,'Passband=');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.11: Determine_Length_Width_Flare_Angle_Theta_and_Fi.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 6.11\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//Given Data:\n", +"disp('Assuming typical values for f as 0.2lamda in E-plane and 0.375lambda in H-plane');\n", +"//b=10*lambda ;mouth height\n", +"//delta=0.8*lambda\n", +"disp('Length :')\n", +"disp('L=b^2/(8*lambda)');\n", +"disp('L='+string(10^2/(8*0.2))+'lambda');\n", +"disp('Flare Angle (Theta):')\n", +"disp('Theta=atan(b/(2*L))');\n", +"disp('Theta='+string(10/(2*(10^2/(8*0.2))))+' radian');\n", +"Theta=(10/(2*(10^2/(8*0.2))))*180/%pi;//in Degree\n", +"disp(Theta,'Flare Angle Theta in degree : ');\n", +"disp('Flare Angle (fi):')\n", +"disp('fi=acos(L/(L+delta))=acos((10^2/(8*0.2))/((10^2/(8*0.2))+0.375))');\n", +"disp('fi='+string(acos((10^2/(8*0.2))/((10^2/(8*0.2))+0.375)))+' radian');\n", +"fi=(acos((10^2/(8*0.2))/((10^2/(8*0.2))+0.375)))*180/%pi;//in Degree\n", +"disp(fi,'Flare angle fi in degree : ');\n", +"disp('Width :');\n", +"disp('Width, a=2*L*tan(fi)');\n", +"disp('a='+string(2*62.5*tan((acos((10^2/(8*0.2))/((10^2/(8*0.2))+0.375)))))+'lambda');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.1: Find_HPBW_Axial_Ratio_and_Gain.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 6.1\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"n=20;//no. of turns\n", +"//Clambda=lambda\n", +"//Slambda=lambda/4\n", +"//HPBW : \n", +"disp('HPBW=52/(Clambda*sqrt(n*Slambda))');\n", +"//Putting values below :\n", +"Clambda=1;//in Meter\n", +"Slambda=1/4;//in Meter\n", +"HPBW=52/(Clambda*sqrt(n*Slambda));//in degree\n", +"disp(HPBW,'HPBW in degree : ');\n", +"//Axial Ratio\n", +"Aratio=(2*n+1)/2;//unitless\n", +"disp(Aratio,'Axial Ratio : ');\n", +"//Gain\n", +"D=12*Clambda^2*n*Slambda;//unitless\n", +"disp(D,'Gain : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.2: Calculate_Best_spacing_and_diectivity.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 6.2\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//Part (a): Given data :\n", +"disp('Part (a) : At the center frequency with a circumference of lambda, the directivity of an axial mode helix is, : D=12*n*Slambda');\n", +"n=20;//no. of turns\n", +"Slambda=0.472;//in meter\n", +"D=12*n*Slambda;//in meter\n", +"disp('Ae=(lambda^2/(4*%pi))*D');\n", +"disp('Ae='+string(1/(4*%pi*D))+'lambda^2');\n", +"disp('Let this be the area of a square. The space between the elements is :')\n", +"disp('d=sqrt(Ae)');\n", +"disp('d='+string(sqrt(1/(4*%pi*D)))+'lambda');\n", +"disp('Part (b) : With a space of 3*lambda the total effective area : ');\n", +"disp('Ae=9.02*lambda^2*4');\n", +"disp('Ae='+string(9.02*4)+'lambda^2');\n", +"disp('D=4*%pi*Ae/lambda^2');\n", +"disp('D='+string(4*%pi*36.08));//unitless" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.3: Determine_apex_angle_scale_constant_and_no_of_elements.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 6.3\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//from 7dBi gain graph the data obtained is given below :\n", +"K=1.2;//Scale constant\n", +"alfa=1.5;//Apex angle in degree\n", +"Slambda=0.15;\n", +"disp('K^n=F or n=logF/logK');\n", +"F=4;\n", +"n=log10(F)/log10(K);\n", +"n=ceil(n);\n", +"nplus1=n+1;\n", +"disp(alfa,'Apex Angle in degree : ');\n", +"disp(K,'Sale constant :');\n", +"disp(n,'No. of elements : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.4: Estimate_Power_gai.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 6.4\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//Given data :\n", +"//d=10*lambda\n", +"disp('d=10*lambda');\n", +"disp('Power Gain : G=6*(d/lambda)^2');\n", +"disp('Putting value of d, we get G=6*10^2')\n", +"G=6*10^2;//unitless\n", +"disp(G,'Power gain : ');\n", +"G_dB=10*log10(G);//in dB\n", +"disp(G_dB,'Power Gain in dB : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.5: Calculate_3_dB_beamwidth_and_power_gain.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 6.5\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//Given Data:\n", +"f=10;//in GHz\n", +"f=f*10^9;//in Hz\n", +"BWFN=10;//in degree\n", +"c=3*10^8;//Speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in meter\n", +"//Part (a):\n", +"d=140*lambda/BWFN;//in meter\n", +"disp(d,'Diameter of a parabolic Antenna in meter : ');\n", +"//Part (b):\n", +"HPBW=58*lambda/d;//in degree\n", +"disp(HPBW,'3-dB Beamwidth in degree :');\n", +"//Part (c):\n", +"Gp=6*(d/lambda)^2;//gain \n", +"Gp_dB=10*log10(Gp);//in dB\n", +"disp(Gp_dB,'Power Gain in dB : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.6: Calculate_HPBW_BWFN_and_Gain.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 6.6\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//Given Data:\n", +"f=1430;//in MHz\n", +"f=f*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"d=64;//in meter\n", +"c=3*10^8;//Speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in meter\n", +"//Part (a):\n", +"HPBW=70*lambda/d;//in degree\n", +"disp(HPBW,'HPBW in degree :');\n", +"//Part (b):\n", +"BWFN=140*lambda/d;//in degree\n", +"disp(BWFN,'BWFN in degree :');\n", +"//Part (c):\n", +"Gp=6*(d/lambda)^2;//gain \n", +"Gp_dB=10*log10(Gp);//in dB\n", +"disp(Gp_dB,'Power Gain in dB : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.7: Specify_diameter_of_parabolic_reflector.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 6.7\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//Given Data:\n", +"f=15;//in GHz\n", +"f=f*10^9;//in Hz\n", +"Gp_dB=75;//in dB\n", +"c=3*10^8;//Speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in meter\n", +"//Formula : Gp=9.87*(d/lambda)^2\n", +"//Formula : Gp_dB=10log10(Gp)\n", +"d=sqrt((10^(Gp_dB/10))*lambda^2/9.87);//in meter\n", +"disp(d,'Diameter of a parabolic reflector in meter :');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.8: Find_minimum_distance_between_primary_and_secondary_antenna.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 6.8\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//Given Data:\n", +"f=5000;//in MHz\n", +"f=f*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"d=10;//in feet\n", +"d=d*0.3048;//in meter\n", +"c=3*10^8;//Speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in meter\n", +"r=2*d^2/lambda;//in meter\n", +"disp(r,'Minimum distance between primary and secondary antenna in meter :');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.9: Calculate_HPBW_BWFN_and_diameter.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 6.9\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//Given Data:\n", +"K=55;//Aperture Efficiency in %\n", +"K=K/100;//Aperture Efficiency\n", +"f=15;//in GHz\n", +"f=f*10^9;//in Hz\n", +"c=3*10^8;//Speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in meter\n", +"G_dB=30;//in dB\n", +"G=10^(G_dB/10);//Gain unitless\n", +"//Formula : G=4*%pi*K*A/lambda^2\n", +"A=(G*lambda^2)/(4*%pi*K);//in m^2\n", +"disp(A,'Diameter of parabolic reflector in m^2 :');\n", +"//Part (b)\n", +"d=sqrt(4*A/%pi);//in meter\n", +"HPBW=70*lambda/d;//in degree\n", +"disp(HPBW,'HPBW in degree : ');\n", +"//Part (c)\n", +"BWFN=140*lambda/d;//in Degree\n", +"disp(BWFN,'BWFN in degree : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is not accurate." + ] + } +], +"metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Scilab", + "language": "scilab", + "name": "scilab" + }, + "language_info": { + "file_extension": ".sce", + "help_links": [ + { + "text": "MetaKernel Magics", + "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md" + } + ], + "mimetype": "text/x-octave", + "name": "scilab", + "version": "0.7.1" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/7-Antenna_Measurements.ipynb b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/7-Antenna_Measurements.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dd95a4f --- /dev/null +++ b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/7-Antenna_Measurements.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,216 @@ +{ +"cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 7: Antenna Measurements" + ] + }, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 7.1: Find_minimum_distance_between_primary_and_secondary_antenna.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 7.1\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"f=6;//in GHz\n", +"f=f*10^9;//in Hz\n", +"d=10;//in feet\n", +"d=3.048;//in meter\n", +"c=3*10^8;//in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in meters\n", +"rmin=2*d^2/lambda;//in meters\n", +"disp(rmin,'Minimumseparation distance in meters : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 7.2: Determine_gain_of_large_Antenna.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 7.2\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"GP=12.5;//unitless\n", +"P_dB=23;//in dB\n", +"P=10^(P_dB/10);//unitless\n", +"G=GP*P;//unitless\n", +"GdB=GP+P_dB;//in dB\n", +"disp(GdB,'Gain of large antenna : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is wrong." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 7.3: Find_out_Power_gain_in_dB.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 7.3\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"disp('Open mouth aperture, D = 10*lambda');\n", +"disp('Power gain : GP = 6*(D/labda)^2');\n", +"GP=6*10^2;//unitless\n", +"GPdB=10*log10(GP)\n", +"disp(GPdB,'Power gain in dB : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 7.4: Find_minimum_distance_between_primary_and_secondary_antenna.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 7.4\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"f=3000;//in MHz\n", +"f=f*10^6;//in Hz\n", +"d=20;//in feet\n", +"d=20*0.3048;//in meter\n", +"c=3*10^8;//in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in meters\n", +"r=2*d^2/lambda;//in meters\n", +"disp(r,'Minimum distance between primary and secondary in meters : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 7.5: Estimate_diameter_of_paraboloidal_reflector.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 7.5\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"f=1.2;//in GHz\n", +"f=f*10^9;//in Hz\n", +"BWFN=5;//in degree\n", +"c=3*10^8;//in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in meters\n", +"D=140*lambda/BWFN;//in meters\n", +"disp(D,'Diameter of a paraboloidal reflector in meters : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 7.6: calculate_gain_og_horn.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 7.6\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"f=9;//in GHz\n", +"f=f*10^9;//in Hz\n", +"c=3*10^8;//in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/f;//in meters\n", +"r=35;//in cm\n", +"r=r*10^-2;//in meters\n", +"Attenuation=9.8;//in dB\n", +"//Formula : 10*log10(WT/Wr) = 9.8dB\n", +"WTbyWr=10^(Attenuation/10);//unitless\n", +"D=(4*%pi*r/lambda)*(sqrt(1/WTbyWr));//unitless\n", +"D_dB=10*log10(D);\n", +"disp(D_dB,'Gain of the horn in dB : ');" + ] + } +], +"metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Scilab", + "language": "scilab", + "name": "scilab" + }, + "language_info": { + "file_extension": ".sce", + "help_links": [ + { + "text": "MetaKernel Magics", + "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md" + } + ], + "mimetype": "text/x-octave", + "name": "scilab", + "version": "0.7.1" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/9-Ground_wave_Propagation.ipynb b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/9-Ground_wave_Propagation.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cb92f35 --- /dev/null +++ b/Antenna_Wave_Propagation_by_K_K_Sharma/9-Ground_wave_Propagation.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,311 @@ +{ +"cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 9: Ground wave Propagation" + ] + }, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.5: Find_maximum_possible_distance_along_earth_surface.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 9.5\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"HT=3000;//in meter\n", +"HR=6000;//in meter\n", +"d=4.12*(sqrt(HT)+sqrt(HR));//in Km\n", +"disp(d,'Maximum possible distance in Km : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.1: Calculate_Maximum_line_of_sight_and_field_strength.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 9.1\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"HT=50;//in meter\n", +"HR=10;//in meter\n", +"f=60;//in MHz\n", +"P=10;//in KW\n", +"D=10;//in Km\n", +"D=D*10^3;//in m\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//in meter\n", +"//Part (i) \n", +"d=3.55*(sqrt(HT)+sqrt(HR));//in Km\n", +"disp(d,'Maximum line of sight range in Km : ');\n", +"//Part (ii)\n", +"Et=88*sqrt(P*1000)*HT*HR/(lambda*D^2)\n", +"disp(Et,'The field strength at 10 Km in V/m: ');\n", +"//Part (iii)\n", +"//Formula : Et=88*sqrt(p)*HT*HR/(lambda*D^2)\n", +"Et=1;//in mV/m\n", +"D=sqrt(88*sqrt(P*1000)*HT*HR/(lambda*Et*10^-3));//in m\n", +"disp(D/1000,'Distance in Km : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.2: Find_Field_Strength_at_20_Km_away.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 9.2\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"P=200;//in KW\n", +"D=20;//in Km\n", +"D=D*10^3;//in m\n", +"E=300*sqrt(P)/D;//in V/m\n", +"disp(E*10^3,'Field Strength at 20 Km in mV/m:')" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.3: Calculate_field_strength_at_receiver_antenna.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 9.3\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"HT=10;//in meter\n", +"HR=3;//in meter\n", +"P=200;//in W\n", +"D=50;//in Km\n", +"D=D*10^3;//in Km\n", +"f=150;//in MHz\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//in meter\n", +"E=88*sqrt(P)*HT*HR/(lambda*D^2);//in m\n", +"disp(E*10^6,'Field Strength at 20 Km in microV/m:')" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.4: Find_height_of_receiving_antenna.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 9.4\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"HT=100;//in meter\n", +"d=60;//in Km\n", +"//Formula : d=4.12*(sqrt(HT)+sqrt(HR));//in Km\n", +"HR=(d/4.12-sqrt(HT))^2;//in meter\n", +"disp(HR,'Height of receiving antenna in meter : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.6: Find_Basic_Path_Loss.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 9.6\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"f_MHz=3000;//in MHz\n", +"d_Km=384000;//in Km\n", +"PathLoss=32.45+20*log10(f_MHz)+20*log10(d_Km);//in dB\n", +"disp(PathLoss,'Path loss in dB : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.7: Calculate_Basic_transmission_Loss.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 9.7\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"//Part (i)\n", +"D=10;//in Km\n", +"lambda=10000;//in meter\n", +"LP=(4*%pi*D*1000/lambda)^2;//in dB\n", +"disp(LP,'Path loss in dB : ');\n", +"//Part (ii)\n", +"D=10^6;//in Km\n", +"lambda=0.3;//in cm\n", +"LP=(4*%pi*D*1000/(lambda*10^-2))^2;//in dB\n", +"disp(LP,'Path loss in dB : ');\n", +"//Note : Answer in the book is wrong as value putted in the solution is differ from given in question." + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.8: Find_Range_of_LOS_system.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 9.8\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"HT=50;//in meter\n", +"HR=5;//in meter\n", +"d=4.12*(sqrt(HT)+sqrt(HR));//in Km\n", +"disp(d,'Range of LOS system in Km : ');" + ] + } +, +{ + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.9: Find_maximum_power_received_by_receiver.sce" + ] + }, + { +"cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": null, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "outputs": [], +"source": [ +"//Exa 9.9\n", +"clc;\n", +"clear;\n", +"close;\n", +"//given data :\n", +"PT=5;//in KW\n", +"PT=PT*1000;//in W\n", +"D=100;//in Km\n", +"D=D*10^3;//in m\n", +"f=300;//in MHz\n", +"GT=1.64;//Directivity of transmitter\n", +"GR=1.64;//Directivity of receiver\n", +"c=3*10^8;//speed of light in m/s\n", +"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//in meter\n", +"Pr=PT*GT*GR*[lambda/(4*%pi*D)]^2\n", +"disp(Pr,'Maximum power received in Watt:');" + ] + } +], +"metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Scilab", + "language": "scilab", + "name": "scilab" + }, + "language_info": { + "file_extension": ".sce", + "help_links": [ + { + "text": "MetaKernel Magics", + "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md" + } + ], + "mimetype": "text/x-octave", + "name": "scilab", + "version": "0.7.1" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} |