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+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 15: RADIO WAVE PROPOGATION"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 15.2_1: example_1.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc;\n",
+"//page no 538\n",
+"//prob no. 15.2.1\n",
+"// satellite communication system is given \n",
+"ht=36000;//height of satellite in km\n",
+"f=4000;//freq used in MHz\n",
+"Gt=15;//transmitting antenna gain\n",
+"Gr=45;//receiving antenna gain\n",
+"// A) Determination of free-space transmission loss\n",
+"L=32.5+20*log10(ht)+20*log10(f);\n",
+"disp('dB',L,'The free-space transmission loss is');\n",
+"// B) Determination of received power Pr\n",
+"Pt=200;//transmitted power in watt\n",
+"Pr_Pt=Gt+Gr-L;//power ration in dB\n",
+"Pr_Pt_watt=10^(Pr_Pt/10);//power ratio in watts\n",
+"//Therefore\n",
+"Pr=Pt*Pr_Pt_watt;\n",
+"disp('watts',Pr,'The received power');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 15.2_2: example_2.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc;\n",
+"//page no 539\n",
+"//prob no. 15.2.2\n",
+"// In the given problemhalf dipole antenna is given\n",
+"Pr=10;//radiated power in watt\n",
+"f=150;//freq used in MHz\n",
+"d2=50;//distance of dipole in km\n",
+"//we know for the half dipole the maximum gain is 1.64:1,and the effectie length is wl/pi. Therefore open-ckt voltage induced is given as\n",
+"Vs=sqrt(30*Pr*1.64)/(d2*10^3)*2/%pi;\n",
+"disp('uV',Vs*10^6,'The open-ckt voltage induced is ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 15.3_1: example_3.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc;\n",
+"//page no 545\n",
+"//prob no. 15.3.1\n",
+"// VHF mobile radio system is given \n",
+"Pt=100;//transmitted power\n",
+"f=150;//freq used in MHz\n",
+"d1=20;//height of transmitting antenna in m\n",
+"Gt=1.64;//transmitting antenna gain\n",
+"ht=2;//height of receiving antenna in m\n",
+"d2=40;// distance in km\n",
+"wl=c/(f*10^6);\n",
+"E0=sqrt(30*Pt*Gt)\n",
+"// Field strength at a receiving antenna is\n",
+"ER=(E0*4*%pi*d1*ht)/(wl*(d2*10^3)^2);\n",
+"disp('uV/m',ER*10^6,'Field strength at a receiving antenna is');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 15.3_2: example_4.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc;\n",
+"//page no 548\n",
+"//prob no. 15.3.2\n",
+"ht1=100;ht2=60;//antenna heights in ft\n",
+"dmax_miles=sqrt(2*ht1)+sqrt(2*ht2);\n",
+"disp('miles',dmax_miles,'The maximum range is');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 15.4_1: example_5.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc;\n",
+"//page no 560\n",
+"//prob no. 15.4.1\n",
+"ht=200;//virtual height in km\n",
+"a=6370;//in km\n",
+"B_degree=20;\n",
+"B_rad=20*%pi/180;//angle of elevation in degree\n",
+"// The flat-earth approximation gives \n",
+"d=2*ht/tand(B_degree);\n",
+"disp('km',d,'d=');\n",
+"// By using radian measures for all angles\n",
+"d=2*a*(((%pi/2)-B_rad)-(asin(a*cosd(B_degree)/(a+ht))));\n",
+"disp('km',d,'d=');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 15.7_1: example_6.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc;\n",
+"//page no 574\n",
+"//prob no. 15.7.1\n",
+"// In this problem data regarding the sea water is given\n",
+"conductivity = 4;//measured in S/m\n",
+"rel_permittivity =80;\n",
+"u=4*%pi*10^-7;\n",
+"f1=100;//measured in Hz\n",
+"f2=10^6;//measured in Hz\n",
+"// A) first it is necessary to evaluate the ratio of conductivity/w*rel_permittivity\n",
+"w1=2*%pi*f1;\n",
+"r=conductivity/w1*rel_permittivity;\n",
+"//after the calculation this ratio is much greater than unity. Therefore we have to use following eq to calculate the attenuation coeff as\n",
+"a=sqrt(w1*conductivity*u/2);\n",
+"disp('N/m',a,'The attenuation coeff is');\n",
+"// By using the conversion factor 1N=8.686 dB\n",
+"a_dB=a*8.686;\n",
+"disp('dB/m',a_dB,'The attenuation coeff in dB/m is');\n",
+"// B)\n",
+"w2=2*%pi*f2;\n",
+"r=conductivity/w2*rel_permittivity;\n",
+"//after the calculation this ratio is much greater than unity. Therefore we have to use following eq to calculate the attenuation coeff as\n",
+"a=sqrt(w2*conductivity*u/2);\n",
+"disp('N/m',a,'The attenuation coeff is');\n",
+"// By using the conversion factor 1N=8.686 dB\n",
+"a_dB=a*8.686;\n",
+"disp('dB/m',a_dB,'The attenuation coeff in dB/m is');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}