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+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 4: Waves"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.1: amplitude_and_pressure_change.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc\n",
+"clear\n",
+"//INPUT DATA\n",
+"w=1.8 //wavelength\n",
+"//calulation\n",
+"y=sind(15*360/180)//displacement at 15cm from reflector\n",
+"//output\n",
+"printf('1. at 45cm, antinode occurs and hence pressure is minimum')\n",
+"printf('\n 2. at 90cm node arises and hence pressure is maximum')\n",
+"printf('\n 3. at 15cm frm reflector the displacement is %3.3f',y)"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.3: length_of_tube.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc\n",
+"clear\n",
+"//INPUT DATA\n",
+"f=520 //frequency\n",
+"t2=293 //air temperature to produce fundamental +273\n",
+"t1=273// 0deg C\n",
+"v1=330//speed of sound waves\n",
+"//calculation\n",
+"v2=330*(293/273)^0.5 //speed at 20 deg C\n",
+"l=v2/f//wavelength\n",
+"len=l/4 - 0.01 //length\n",
+"//output\n",
+"printf('the length of tube is %3.3f m',len)"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.4: frequency_of_beats.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc\n",
+"clear\n",
+"//INPUT DATA\n",
+"v1=330 //speed of sound\n",
+"t3=303 //fundamental temperature for the air\n",
+"t1=273// 0deg C\n",
+"//calculation\n",
+"v3=v1*(t3/t1)^0.5 //new speed of sound\n",
+"f=v3/0.66 //frequency\n",
+"fb=f-520 //frequency of beats\n",
+"//output\n",
+"printf('the frequency of beats is %3.3f Hz',fb)"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.5: fundamental_frequency.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc\n",
+"clear\n",
+"//INPUT DATA\n",
+"T=100 //tension\n",
+"l=1.5 //length\n",
+"m=0.3*10^-6 //mass\n",
+"//calculation\n",
+"f=(T/(m/l))^0.5/(2*l)//fundamental frequency produced \n",
+"//output\n",
+"printf('the fundamental frequency produced is %3.3f Hz',f)"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.6: doppler_effect.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc\n",
+"clear\n",
+"//INPUT DATA\n",
+"f=150 //frequency \n",
+"v=320 //speed of sound\n",
+"ul=11 //speed with which listener approaches\n",
+"us=7 //speed of source\n",
+"//calculation\n",
+"fa=f*v/(v-us)//doppler effect\n",
+"fa1=(v+ul)*f/(v)//doppler effect\n",
+"fa2=(v+ul)*f/(v-us)//doppler effect\n",
+"//output\n",
+"printf('frequency when source moves at 7ms^-1 %3.3f Hz',fa)\n",
+"\n",
+"printf('\n frequency when listener moves at 11ms^-1 %3.3f Hz',fa1)\n",
+"printf('\n frequency when source moves at 7ms^-1 and listener at 11ms^-1 %3.3f Hz',fa2)"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.7: apparent_frequency_change.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"clc\n",
+"clear\n",
+"//INPUT DATA\n",
+"us=264 //speed of jet fighter\n",
+"x=71.7\n",
+"v=340 //velocity of sound\n",
+"f=1*10^3 //frequency\n",
+"//calculation\n",
+"usd=us*cosd(x)//horizontal component of velocity\n",
+"fr= (v*f)/(v-usd) -((v*f)/(v+usd))//frequency range ,doppler effect\n",
+"//output\n",
+"printf('the frequency range is %3.3f Hz ',fr)"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}