Merge pull request #1 from prashantsinalkar/masterHEADmaster

Initial commit

13 files changed, 2884 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/1-Review_of_Electromagnetics_and_Transmission_Lines.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/1-Review_of_Electromagnetics_and_Transmission_Lines.ipynb
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+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 1: Review of Electromagnetics and Transmission Lines"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 1.1_1: Find_the_wavelengths.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 1.1.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"\n",
+"f1=100;//kHz\n",
+"f2=1;//MHz\n",
+"f3=10;//MHz\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s\n",
+"lambda1=c/(f1*10^3);//m\n",
+"lambda2=c/(f2*10^6);//m\n",
+"lambda3=c/(f3*10^6);//m\n",
+"disp(lambda1/1000,'At 100kHz, wavelength(km) : ');\n",
+"disp(lambda2,'At 1MHz, wavelength(m) : ');\n",
+"disp(lambda3,'At 10MHz, wavelength(m) : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/10-Broadband_and_frequency_independent_antenna.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/10-Broadband_and_frequency_independent_antenna.ipynb
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/10-Broadband_and_frequency_independent_antenna.ipynb
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+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 10: Broadband and frequency independent antenna"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.10_1: Elements_length_and_spacing.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 10.10.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"Gain=8.5;//dB(Gain)\n",
+"tau=0.822;sigma=0.149;//for given gain\n",
+"alfa=2*atand((1-tau)/4/sigma);//degree\n",
+"fL=54;//MHz(Lower frequency)\n",
+"fU=216;//MHz(Upper frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(Speed of light)\n",
+"lambdaU=c/(fU*10^6);//m(Upper wavelength)\n",
+"lambdaL=c/(fL*10^6);//m(Lower wavelength)\n",
+"l1=lambdaU/2;//m(Length of element1)\n",
+"lN=lambdaL/2;//m(Length of longest element)\n",
+"l2=l1/tau;l3=l2/tau;l4=l3/tau;l5=l4/tau;l6=l5/tau;l7=l6/tau;l8=l7/tau;l9=l8/tau;//m(Length of elements)\n",
+"d1=2*sigma*l1;d2=2*sigma*l2;d3=2*sigma*l3;d4=2*sigma*l4;d5=2*sigma*l5;d6=2*sigma*l6;d7=2*sigma*l7;d8=2*sigma*l8;d9=2*sigma*l9;//meter(Spacing between elements)\n",
+"d=d1+d2+d3+d4+d5+d6+d7+d8+d9;//meter(total spacing)\n",
+"disp(lN,'Length(m) of longest element : ');\n",
+"disp(l1,'Length(m) of element1 : ');\n",
+"disp(l2,'Length(m) of element2 : ');\n",
+"disp(l3,'Length(m) of element3 : ');\n",
+"disp(l4,'Length(m) of element4 : ');\n",
+"disp(l5,'Length(m) of element5 : ');\n",
+"disp(l6,'Length(m) of element6 : ');\n",
+"disp(l7,'Length(m) of element7 : ');\n",
+"disp(l8,'Length(m) of element8 : ');\n",
+"disp(l9,'Length(m) of element9 : ');\n",
+"disp(d1,'Spacing(m) of element1 : ');\n",
+"disp(d2,'Spacing(m) of element2 : ');\n",
+"disp(d3,'Spacing(m) of element3 : ');\n",
+"disp(d4,'Spacing(m) of element4 : ');\n",
+"disp(d5,'Spacing(m) of element5 : ');\n",
+"disp(d6,'Spacing(m) of element6 : ');\n",
+"disp(d7,'Spacing(m) of element7 : ');\n",
+"disp(d8,'Spacing(m) of element8 : ');\n",
+"disp(d9,'Spacing(m) of element9 : ');\n",
+"disp(d,'Total Spacing length(m) : ');\n",
+"//Answer is not accurate in the book."
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.10_2: Design_a_log_periodic_dipole.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 10.10.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"tau=0.895;//scale factor\n",
+"sigma=0.166;//(spacing factor)\n",
+"fU=30;//MHz(Upper frequency)\n",
+"fL=10;//MHz(Lower frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(Speed of light)\n",
+"lambdaU=c/(fU*10^6);//m(Upper wavelength)\n",
+"lambdaL=c/(fL*10^6);//m(Lower wavelength)\n",
+"l1=lambdaU/2;//m(Length of shortest element)\n",
+"disp(l1,'Length of shortest element, l1 in meter is  : ');\n",
+"l2=l1/tau;l3=l2/tau;l4=l3/tau;l4=l3/tau;l5=l4/tau;l6=l5/tau;l7=l6/tau;l8=l7/tau;l9=l8/tau;l10=l9/tau;l11=l10/tau;//m(Length of element)\n",
+"disp(l11,l10,l9,l8,l7,l6,l5,l4,l3,l2,'Other elements length(m) l2, l3, l4, l5, l6, l7, l8, l9, l10, l11 are : ');\n",
+"alfa=17.97;//degree(angle)\n",
+"R1=(l1/2)/tand(alfa/2);//m(Spacing between elements)\n",
+"R2=R1/tau;R3=R2/tau;R4=R3/tau;R4=R3/tau;R5=R4/tau;R6=R5/tau;R7=R6/tau;R8=R7/tau;R9=R8/tau;R10=R9/tau;R11=R10/tau;//m\n",
+"disp(R11,R10,R9,R8,R7,R6,R5,R4,R3,R2,R1,'Spacing between elements in meter R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8,R9, R10, R11 are : ');\n",
+"//Answer is not accurate in the book."
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.5_1: Five_turn_helical_antenna.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 10.5.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"N=5;//no. of turns\n",
+"f=400;//MHz(Frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(Speed of light)\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"disp('Part (i)');\n",
+"S=lambda/50;//m(Spacing between turns)\n",
+"S_BY_lambda=1/50;//(Spacing/wavelength)\n",
+"C_BY_lambda=sqrt(2*S_BY_lambda);//(Circumference/wavelength)\n",
+"disp('Circumference is '+string(C_BY_lambda)+'*lambda');\n",
+"C=sqrt(2*lambda*S);//m(Circumference)\n",
+"disp(C,'Circumference in meter : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (ii)');\n",
+"Lo_BY_lambda=sqrt(S_BY_lambda^2+C_BY_lambda^2);//(Length/wavelength)\n",
+"disp('Length of single turn is '+string(Lo_BY_lambda)+'*lambda');\n",
+"Lo=sqrt(S^2+C^2);//m(Length of single turn)\n",
+"disp(Lo,'Length of single turn in meter : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (iii)');\n",
+"Ln_BY_lambda=N*Lo_BY_lambda;//(Overall length/wavelength)\n",
+"disp('Overall Length is '+string(Ln_BY_lambda)+'*lambda');\n",
+"Ln=N*Lo;//m(Overall length)\n",
+"disp(Ln,'Overall Length in meter : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (iv)');\n",
+"alfa=atand(S/C);//degree(Pitch angle)\n",
+"disp(alfa,'Pitch angle, α in degree : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.5_2: Five_turn_helical_antenna.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 10.5.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"N=5;//no. of turns\n",
+"f=300;//MHz(Frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(speed of light)\n",
+"disp('Part (i)');\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"C_BY_lambda=1;//(Circumference/wavelength)\n",
+"disp('Near optimum circumference is '+string(C_BY_lambda)+'*lambda');\n",
+"C=lambda;//m(Circumference)\n",
+"disp(C,'Near optimum circumference in meter : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (ii)');\n",
+"alfa=14;//degree//(Pitch angle)//for near optimum\n",
+"S_BY_lambda=C_BY_lambda*tand(alfa);\n",
+"disp('Spacing is '+string(S_BY_lambda)+'*lambda');\n",
+"S=C*tand(alfa);//m(Spacing)\n",
+"disp(S,'Spacing in meter : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (iii)');\n",
+"Rin=140*C/lambda;//Ω(Input impedence)\n",
+"disp(Rin,'Input impedence in Ω : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (iv)');\n",
+"HPBW=52/(C/lambda*sqrt(N*S/lambda));//degree(HPBW)\n",
+"disp(HPBW,'HPBW in degree : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (v)');\n",
+"FNBW=115/(C/lambda*sqrt(N*S/lambda));//degree(FNBW)\n",
+"disp(FNBW,'FNBW in degree : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (vi)');\n",
+"Do=15*(C/lambda)^2*N*(S/lambda);//unitless////Directivity\n",
+"disp(Do,'Directivity(unitless) : ');\n",
+"Do_dB=10*log10(Do);//dB(Directivity)\n",
+"disp(Do_dB,'Directivity in dB : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (vii)');\n",
+"AR=(2*N+1)/2/N;//axial ratio\n",
+"disp(AR,'Axial ratio : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (viii)');\n",
+"Rin=140*(C/lambda);//Ω(Input impedence)\n",
+"//50 Ω line\n",
+"Zo=50;//Ω(Output impedence)\n",
+"Tau=(Rin-Zo)/(Rin+Zo);//Scaling factor\n",
+"VSWR=(1+Tau)/(1-Tau);//(VSWR)\n",
+"disp(VSWR,'VSWR for 50Ω line : ');\n",
+"//75 Ω line\n",
+"Zo=75;//Ω(Output impedence)\n",
+"Tau=(Rin-Zo)/(Rin+Zo);//Scaling factor\n",
+"VSWR=(1+Tau)/(1-Tau);//(VSWR)\n",
+"disp(VSWR,'VSWR for 75Ω line : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.5_3: Various_parameters_of_helix_array.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 10.5.3\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"HPBW=39;//degree(HPBW)\n",
+"alfa=12.5;//degree(Pitch angle)\n",
+"f=475;//MHz(Frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(Speed of light)\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"C=lambda;//m(Circumference)\n",
+"disp('Part (i)');\n",
+"//it is in axial mode as 3/4*lambda<C<4/3*lambda\n",
+"S=C*tand(alfa);//meter(Spacing)\n",
+"N=52^2/HPBW^2/(S/lambda)/(C/lambda)^2;//turns\n",
+"disp(round(N),'Number of turns : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (ii)');\n",
+"N=round(N);//turns\n",
+"Do=15*(C/lambda)^2*N*(S/lambda);//unitless(Directivity)\n",
+"Do_dB=10*log10(Do);//dB(Directivity)\n",
+"disp(Do_dB,'Directivity in decibels : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (iii)');\n",
+"AR=(2*N+1)/2/N;//axial ratio\n",
+"disp(AR,'Axial ratio : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (iv)');\n",
+"//3/4*lambda<C<4/3*lambda\n",
+"lambda1=C/(3/4);//meter(Wavelength)\n",
+"lambda2=C/(4/3);//meter(Wavelength)\n",
+"f1=c/lambda1;//Hz(Frequency)\n",
+"f2=c/lambda2;//Hz(Frequency)\n",
+"disp('Frequency range is '+string(f1/10^6)+' MHz to '+string(f2/10^6)+' MHz.')\n",
+"disp('Part (v)');\n",
+"//At  design frequency\n",
+"Rin=140*C/lambda;//Ω(Input impedence)\n",
+"disp(Rin,'At design frequency, Input impedence in Ω is : ');\n",
+"//3/4*lambda<C<4/3*lambda\n",
+"//At high frequency end\n",
+"Rin=140*C/lambda2;//Ω(Input impedence)\n",
+"disp(Rin,'At high frequency end, Input impedence in Ω is : ');\n",
+"//At low frequency end\n",
+"Rin=140*C/lambda1;//Ω(Input impedence)\n",
+"disp(Rin,'At low frequency end, Input impedence in Ω is : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.5_4: Input_Impedence_HPBW_and_Axial_ratio.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 10.5.4\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"Do_dB=14;//dB(Directivity)\n",
+"f=2.4;//GHz(Frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(Speed of light)\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"Do=10^(Do_dB/10);//unitless(Directivity)\n",
+"C=lambda;//m////for optimum result(Circumference)\n",
+"alfa=14;//degree;////for optimum result(Pitch angle)\n",
+"S=C*tand(alfa);//m(Spacing)\n",
+"N=Do/15/(C/lambda)^2/(S/lambda);//turns\n",
+"N=round(N);//turns\n",
+"Rin=140*C/lambda;//Ω(Input impedence)\n",
+"disp(Rin,'Input impedence in Ω is : ');\n",
+"HPBW=52/(C/lambda*sqrt(N*S/lambda));//degree\n",
+"disp(HPBW,'HPBW in degree : ');\n",
+"format('v',4);\n",
+"FNBW=115/(C/lambda*sqrt(N*S/lambda));//degree\n",
+"disp(FNBW,'FNBW in degree : ');\n",
+"AR=(2*N+1)/2/N;//(Axial ratio)\n",
+"disp(AR,'Axial ratio : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.8_1: Symmetrical_two_wire_spiral.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 10.8.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',8);\n",
+"f=10;//MHz(Frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(Speed of light)\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"d0=10^-3*lambda;//m(spacing)\n",
+"Lo=1*lambda;//m(Length)\n",
+"fi=%pi;fi0=0;//radian\n",
+"r0=d0/2;//m\n",
+"disp('Part (i)');\n",
+"//R=r0*exp(a*fi-a*fi0);//m\n",
+"//a=sqrt(1/Lo^2/(R-r0)^2-1);//per adian\n",
+"a=1.166;//rad^-1(by above equation)\n",
+"disp(a,'Rate of spiral in rad^-1 : ');\n",
+"R_BY_lambda=r0/lambda*exp(a*2*%pi);//m(Radius/wavelength)\n",
+"disp('Radius of terminal point is '+string(R_BY_lambda)+'*lambda');\n",
+"disp('Part (ii)');\n",
+"R=r0*exp(a*2*%pi);//m(Radius)\n",
+"disp(R,'Radius at terminal point in meter : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 10.8_2: Design_Equiangular_spiral_Antena.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 10.8.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',5);\n",
+"fU=900;//MHz(Upper frequency)\n",
+"fL=450;//MHz(Lower frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(Speed of light)\n",
+"lambdaU=c/(fU*10^6);//m(Upper wavelength)\n",
+"lambdaL=c/(fL*10^6);//m(Lower wavelength)\n",
+"Exp_ratio=4;//expansion ratio\n",
+"a=log(Exp_ratio)/(2*%pi);//rad^-1////rate of spiral\n",
+"Beta=atand(1/a);//degree\n",
+"r0=lambdaU/4;//meter////minimum radius\n",
+"disp(r0*100,'Minimum radius in cm : ');\n",
+"R=lambdaL/4;//meter////minimum radius\n",
+"disp(R*100,'Maximum radius in cm : ');\n",
+"fi_m=log(R/r0)/a;//radian\n",
+"fi_m=fi_m*180/%pi;//degree\n",
+"disp(fi_m,'Φm in degree is ');\n",
+"N=1/2;//for Φm=180;//degree\n",
+"disp(N,'Number of turns, N is  ');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/11-Microstrip_Antennas.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/11-Microstrip_Antennas.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8320d9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/11-Microstrip_Antennas.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 11: Microstrip Antennas"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 11.9_1: Determine_physical_dimensions.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 11.9.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"fr=10;//GHz(center frequency)\n",
+"fr=fr*10^9;//Hz(center frequency)\n",
+"epsilon_r=10.2;//(constant)\n",
+"h=0.127;//cm(height of sustrate)\n",
+"c=3*10^10;//cm/s(Speed of light)\n",
+"W=c/2/fr*sqrt(2/(epsilon_r+1));//cm(Physical dimension)\n",
+"epsilon_reff=(epsilon_r+1)/2+(epsilon_r-1)/2*[1+12*h/W]^(-1/2);//(effective constant)\n",
+"delta_L=h*0.412*(epsilon_reff+0.3)*(W/h+0.264)/[(epsilon_reff-0.258)*(W/h+0.8)];//cm(distance)\n",
+"L=c/2/fr/sqrt(epsilon_reff)-2*delta_L;//cm(distance)\n",
+"disp(L,W,'Design values of W & L(in cm) are :  ');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/12-Reflector_Antennas.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/12-Reflector_Antennas.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bcc37f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/12-Reflector_Antennas.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 12: Reflector Antennas"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 12.9_1: First_null_beam_width_and_power_gain.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 12.9.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"D=2;//m(Diameter)\n",
+"f=6000;//MHz(Frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s////speed of light\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"FNBW=140*lambda/D;//degree\n",
+"disp(FNBW,'First null beam width(FNBW in degree) : ');\n",
+"GP=6*(D/lambda)^2;//unitless(Power gain)\n",
+"GP_dB=10*log10(GP);//dB(Power gain)\n",
+"disp(GP_dB,'Power Gain in dB : ');\n",
+"//Ans in the book is not accurate."
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 12.9_2: Diameter_of_mouth_and_HPBW.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 12.9.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',5);\n",
+"GP=1000;//unitless(Power gain)\n",
+"lambda=10;//cm(Wavelength)\n",
+"D=sqrt(GP/6)*(lambda/100);//m(Diameter)\n",
+"disp(D,'Diameter of mouth in meter : ');\n",
+"HPBW=58*(lambda/100)/D;//degree(HPBW)\n",
+"disp(HPBW,'Half power beam width(HPBW in degree) : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 12.9_3: Gain_Beamwidth_and_capture_area.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 12.9.3\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"D=6;//meter(Diameter)\n",
+"f=10;//GHz(Frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s////speed of light\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^9);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"GP=6*(D/lambda)^2;//unitless(Power gain)\n",
+"GP_dB=10*log10(GP);//dB(Power gain)\n",
+"disp(GP_dB,'Gain in dB : ');\n",
+"FNBW=140*lambda/D;//degree(FNBW)\n",
+"disp(FNBW,'FNBW in degree : ');\n",
+"HPBW=58*lambda/D;//degree(HPBW)\n",
+"disp(HPBW,'HPBW in degree : ');\n",
+"K=0.65;//constant\n",
+"Ao=K*%pi/4*D^2;//m²(Capture area)\n",
+"disp(Ao,'Capture area in m² : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/13-Antenna_Measurement.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/13-Antenna_Measurement.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..280f42c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/13-Antenna_Measurement.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 13: Antenna Measurement"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 13.4_1: Gains_of_Antennas.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 13.4.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"Pr1=0.0297/1000;//W(Recieved power)\n",
+"Pr2=0.0471/1000;//W(Recieved power)\n",
+"Pr3=0.0374/1000;//W(Recieved power)\n",
+"Pt=1;//W(Transmitted power)\n",
+"R=10;//m(Radius)\n",
+"f=980;//MHz(Frequency)\n",
+"f=f*10^6;//Hz(Frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(Speed of light)\n",
+"lambda=c/f;//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"A=20*log10(4*%pi*R/lambda)+10*log10(Pr1/Pt);//(A=G1dB+G2dB)\n",
+"B=20*log10(4*%pi*R/lambda)+10*log10(Pr2/Pt);//(B=G1dB+G3dB)\n",
+"C=20*log10(4*%pi*R/lambda)+10*log10(Pr3/Pt);//(C=G2dB+G3dB)\n",
+"G1dB=(A+B-C)/2;\n",
+"G2dB=(A-B+C)/2;\n",
+"G3dB=(-A+B+C)/2;\n",
+"disp(round(G3dB),round(G2dB),round(G1dB),'Gain of antennas, G1db, G2dB & G3dB(in dB) are :  ');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/14-Ground_Wave_Propagation.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/14-Ground_Wave_Propagation.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36105df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/14-Ground_Wave_Propagation.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 14: Ground Wave Propagation"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 14.10_1: Calculate_the_range.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 14.10.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"ht=100;//m(transmitter height)\n",
+"hr=100;//m(receiver height)\n",
+"d=3.57*[sqrt(ht)+sqrt(hr)];//km(Range)\n",
+"disp(d,'Range of space wave propagation in km : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 14.10_2: Radio_horizo.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 14.10.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"ht=100;//feet(transmitter height)\n",
+"hr=50;//feet(receiver height)\n",
+"d=1.4142*[sqrt(ht)+sqrt(hr)];//miles(Range)\n",
+"disp(d,'Radio horizon in miles : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 14.10_3: Maximum_covered_distance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 14.10.3\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"ht=80;//m(transmitter height)\n",
+"hr=50;//m(receiver height)\n",
+"d=4.12*[sqrt(ht)+sqrt(hr)];//km(Range)\n",
+"disp(d,'Maximum distance in km : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 14.10_4: Required_height_of_antenna.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 14.10.4\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"ht=100;//m(transmitter height)\n",
+"d=80;//km(receiver height)\n",
+"hr=(d/4.12-sqrt(ht))^2;//m(range)\n",
+"disp(hr,'Required height of receiving antenna in meter : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 14.10_5: Radio_horizon_distance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 14.10.5\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"ht=100;//m(transmitter height)\n",
+"d=4.12*sqrt(ht);//km(Horizon distance)\n",
+"disp(d,'Horizon distance in km : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 14.10_6: Find_Distance_and_field_strength.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 14.10.6\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"P=35;//W(Transmitter power\n",
+"ht=45;//m(transmitter height)\n",
+"hr=25;//m(receiver height)\n",
+"f=90;//MHz(frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(Speed of light)\n",
+"d=4.12*[sqrt(ht)+sqrt(hr)];//km(line of sight distance)\n",
+"disp(d,'Distance of line of sight communication in km : ');\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"ER=88*sqrt(P)*ht*hr/(lambda*(d*1000)^2);//V/m(Field strength)\n",
+"disp(ER*10^6,'Field strength in micro Volt/meter : ');\n",
+"//Answer is wrong in the textbook."
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 14.6_1: Loss_and_power_received.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 14.6.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"d=36000;//km(height of satellite)\n",
+"f=4000;//MHz(frequency)\n",
+"GT=20;//dB(Transmitter gain)\n",
+"GR=40;//dB(Reciever gain)\n",
+"PT=200;//W(Transmitted power)\n",
+"PT=10*log10(PT);//dB(Transmitted power)\n",
+"disp('Part (i)');\n",
+"Ls=32.44+20*log10(f)+20*log10(d);//dB(Free space transmission loss)\n",
+"disp(Ls,'Free space transmission loss in dB : ');\n",
+"disp('Part (ii)');\n",
+"PT=200;//W(Transmitted power)\n",
+"PT_dB=10*log10(PT);//dB(Transmitted power)\n",
+"PR_dB=PT_dB+GT+GR-Ls;//dB(Recieved power)\n",
+"PR=10^(PR_dB/10);//W(Recieved power)\n",
+"disp(PR*10^12,'Received power in pW : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 14.6_2: Open_circuit_voltage.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 14.6.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"f=150;//MHz(frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(speed of light)\n",
+"GT=1.64;//dB(Transmitter gain)\n",
+"PT=20;//W(Transmitted power)\n",
+"d=50;//km(distance)\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"E=sqrt(30*GT*PT)/(d*1000);//V/m(emf induced)\n",
+"le=lambda/%pi;//m(Effective length)\n",
+"Voc=E*le;//V/m(Open circuit voltage)\n",
+"disp(Voc*10^6,'Open circuit voltage in micro Volt : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/15-Ionospheric_Propagation.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/15-Ionospheric_Propagation.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..484af74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/15-Ionospheric_Propagation.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 15: Ionospheric Propagation"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 15.12_1: Calculate_MUF.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 15.12.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"\n",
+"d=2000;//km\n",
+"H=200;//km\n",
+"fc=6;//MHz\n",
+"f_MUF=fc*sqrt(1+(d/2/H)^2);//MHz\n",
+"disp(f_MUF,'MUF in MHz : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 15.13_1: Calculate_the_range.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 15.13.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',8);\n",
+"\n",
+"Eta=0.9;//refractive index\n",
+"f_MUF=10;//MHz\n",
+"H=400;//km\n",
+"Nm=(1-Eta^2)*(f_MUF*10^6)^2/81;//per m^3\n",
+"fc=9*sqrt(Nm);//Hz\n",
+"Dskip=2*H*sqrt((f_MUF*10^6/fc)^2-1);//km\n",
+"disp(Dskip,'Skip distance or range in km : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 15.8_1: Maximum_electron_density.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 15.8.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',11);\n",
+"fc_E=2.5;//MHz(critical frequency of E-layer)\n",
+"fc_F=8.4;//MHz(critical frequency of F-layer)\n",
+"disp('For E-layer : ');\n",
+"Nm=(fc_E*10^6)^2/81;//per m^3(Maximum electron density)\n",
+"disp(Nm,'Maximum electron density  in per m^3 : ');\n",
+"disp('For F-layer : ');\n",
+"Nm=(fc_F*10^6)^2/81;//per m^3(Maximum electron density)\n",
+"disp(Nm,'Maximum electron density  in per m^3 : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 15.8_2: Critical_Frequency.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 15.8.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"Nm_D=400;//electron/cm^3(Maximum electron density)\n",
+"Nm_E=5*10^5;//electron/cm^3(Maximum electron density)\n",
+"Nm_F=2*10^6;//electron/cm^3(Maximum electron density)\n",
+"fc_D=9*sqrt(Nm_D);//kHz(critical frequency of D-layer)\n",
+"disp(fc_D,'Critical frequency for D-layer in kHz : ');\n",
+"fc_E=9*sqrt(Nm_E);//kHz(critical frequency of E-layer)\n",
+"disp(fc_E/1000,'Critical frequency for E-layer in MHz : ');\n",
+"fc_F=9*sqrt(Nm_F);//kHz(critical frequency of F-layer)\n",
+"disp(fc_F/1000,'Critical frequency for F-layer in MHz : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 15.8_3: Calculate_frequency.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 15.8.3\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"Eta=0.5;//(refractive index)\n",
+"N=400;//electron/cm^3(Electron density)\n",
+"f=sqrt(81*N/(1-Eta^2));//kHz(frequency)\n",
+"disp(f,'Frequency in kHz : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 15.9_1: Find_the_virtual_height.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 15.9.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"T=5;//milli-seconds(time period)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s///speed of light\n",
+"H=1/2*c*T*10^-3;//m(Virtual height)\n",
+"disp(H/1000,'Virtual height in km : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/3-Fundamental_parameters_of_Antenna.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/3-Fundamental_parameters_of_Antenna.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f62406a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/3-Fundamental_parameters_of_Antenna.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,547 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 3: Fundamental parameters of Antenna"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.10_1: Power_radiated.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.10.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"\n",
+"K=90;//%//radiation efficiency\n",
+"Pin=10;//W\n",
+"Prad=(K/100)*Pin;//W\n",
+"disp(Prad,'Radiated power in Watts : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.11_1: Gain_in_dB.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.11.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"\n",
+"D=20;//Directivity\n",
+"K=90;//%//radiation efficiency\n",
+"G=(K/100)*D;//Gain\n",
+"GdB=10*log10(G);//dB\n",
+"disp(GdB,'Gain in dB : ');\n",
+"//Answer is not calculated in the book."
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.11_2: Directivity_in_dB.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.11.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"Rr=72;//Ω\n",
+"RL=8;//Ω\n",
+"G=16;//Gain\n",
+"K=Rr/(Rr+RL)*100;//%//radiation efficiency\n",
+"D=G/(K/100);//Directivity\n",
+"DdB=10*log10(D);//dB\n",
+"disp(DdB,'Directivity in dB : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.13_1: Radiation_Resistance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.13.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"Irms=15;//A(Current Drawn)\n",
+"Prad=5;//kW(Radiated Power)\n",
+"Rr=Prad*10^3/Irms^2;//Ω(Radiation Resistance)\n",
+"disp(Rr,'Radiation resistance in Ω : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.13_2: Current_Drawn.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.13.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',4);\n",
+"Prad=1000;//W(Radiated Power)\n",
+"Rr=300;//Ω(Radiation Resistance)\n",
+"Irms=sqrt(Prad/Rr);//A(Current Drawn)\n",
+"disp(Irms,'Current drawn in A : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.13_3: Maximum_Effective_Aperture.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.13.3\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',5);\n",
+"Rr=73;//Ω(Radiation Resistance)\n",
+"Z=120*%pi;//Ω(For free space)\n",
+"//le=lambda/%pi\n",
+"AemBYlambda_sqr=(1/%pi)^2*Z/(4*Rr);\n",
+"disp('Maximum effective aperture in m² is '+string(AemBYlambda_sqr)+'*lambda²');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.13_4: Effective_length.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.13.4\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"\n",
+"Rr=73;//Ω\n",
+"Z=120*%pi;//Ω(For free space)\n",
+"//Aem=0.13*lambda²\n",
+"AemBylambda_sqr=0.13;\n",
+"leBYlambda=2*sqrt(AemBylambda_sqr*Rr)/sqrt(Z);\n",
+"disp('Effective length in meter is '+string(leBYlambda)+'*lambda');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.15_1: Polarization_Loss_factor.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.15.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',4);\n",
+"\n",
+"cos_si_p=1/sqrt(2);\n",
+"PLF=cos_si_p^2;//Polarization Loss factor\n",
+"PLFdB=10*log10(PLF);//dB\n",
+"disp(PLFdB,'Power loss factor in dB : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.16_1: Maximum_effective_aperture_and_power.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.16.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',9);\n",
+"\n",
+"Do_dB=20;//dB\n",
+"f=10;//GHz\n",
+"Wi=2*10^-3;//W/m²\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^9);//m\n",
+"Do=10^(Do_dB/10);//unitless\n",
+"Aem=lambda^2/(4*%pi)*Do;//m²\n",
+"disp(Aem,'Maximum effective aperture in m² : ');\n",
+"Pr=Aem*Wi;//W\n",
+"disp(Pr*10^6,'Maximum received power in µW : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.16_2: Directivity_of_Antenna.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.16.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"ecd=1;//for lossless antenna\n",
+"Aem=2.147;//m²(Maximum Effective aperture)\n",
+"Zin=75;//Ω(Input impedence)\n",
+"Zo=50;//Ω(Output impedence)\n",
+"f=100;//MHz(Operating frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(speed f light)\n",
+"aw_aa=1;//For no polarization loss\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"Tau=(Zin-Zo)/(Zin+Zo);//(Reflection Coefficient)\n",
+"Do=Aem/(ecd*(1-Tau^2)*lambda^2/(4*%pi)/aw_aa^2);//unitless(Directivity)\n",
+"disp(Do,'Directivity of antenna : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.17_1: Find_the_power_delivered.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.17.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',11);\n",
+"PT=15;//W(Transmitted Power)\n",
+"AeT=0.2;//m²(Effective aperture)\n",
+"AeR=0.5;//m²(Effective aperture)\n",
+"f=5;//GHz(frequency)\n",
+"r=15;//km(line of sight distance)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(Speed of light)\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^9);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"PR=PT*AeT*AeR/((r*1000)^2*lambda^2);//Watts(Power delivered to reciever)\n",
+"disp(PR,'Power delivered to receiver in Watts : ');\n",
+"//Answer is wrong in the book. lambda is 0.6 instead of 0.06 and lambda^2 is 0.06 instead of 0.0036"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.17_2: Calculate_the_power.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.17.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"DT=20;//dB(Transmitter Directivity)\n",
+"DR=20;//dB(Reciever Directivity)\n",
+"PT=10;//W(Transmitted Power)\n",
+"ecdT=1;ecdR=1;//(For lossless antenna)\n",
+"aT_aR=1;//(For polarization match)\n",
+"DT=10^(DT/10);//unitless(Transmitter Directivity)\n",
+"DR=10^(DR/10);//unitless(Reciever Directivity)\n",
+"Tau_T=0;Tau_R=0;//(Reflection coefficient)\n",
+"rBYlambda=50;//m\n",
+"PR=PT*ecdT*ecdR*(1-Tau_T^2)*(1-Tau_R^2)/(4*%pi*rBYlambda)^2*DT*DR*aT_aR^2;//Watts(Power delivered to reciever)\n",
+"disp(PR,'Power at receiving antenna in Watts : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.17_3: Power_delivered_to_load.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.17.3\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',9);\n",
+"f=3;//GHz\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(Speed of light)\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^9);//m(wavelength)\n",
+"r=500;//m(distance)\n",
+"PT=100;//W(Transmitted Power)\n",
+"GT=25;//dB(Transmitter Gain)\n",
+"GR=20;//dB(Reciever Gain)\n",
+"GT=10^(GT/10);//unitless(Transmitter Gain)\n",
+"GR=10^(GR/10);//unitless(Reciever Gain)\n",
+"PLF=1;aT_aR=1;//(For polarization match)\n",
+"PR=PT*(lambda/4/%pi/r)^2*GT*GR*aT_aR^2;//Watts(Power delivered to reciever)\n",
+"disp(PR,'Power delivered to load  in Watts : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.3_1: Half_Power_Beam_Width.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.3.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"E_theta=1/sqrt(2);//Electric Field at half power\n",
+"//theta=thetaHP/2;//E(thetaHP/2)=cosd(thetaHP/2)\n",
+"thetaHP=2*acosd(E_theta);//degree(Half power beam width)\n",
+"disp(thetaHP,'Half power beam width(degree) : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.3_2: HPBW_and_FNBW.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.3.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"E_theta=1/sqrt(2);//Electric field at theta=90-thetaHP/2\n",
+"//E(90-thetaHP/2)=sind(90-thetaHP/2)\n",
+"thetaHP=2*(90-asind(E_theta));//degree(HPBW)\n",
+"disp(thetaHP,'HPBW(degree) : ');\n",
+"theta1=0;theta2=180;//degree(Pattern angles)\n",
+"FNBW=theta2-theta1;//degree(FNBW)//as E is zero at these points\n",
+"disp(FNBW,'FNBW(degree) : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.3_3: Half_Power_Beam_width.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.3.3\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"E_theta=1/sqrt(2);//Elecric field at half power point\n",
+"//E(thetaHP/2)=(cosd(thetaHP/2))^2\n",
+"thetaHP=2*(acosd(sqrt(E_theta)));//degree(HPBW)\n",
+"disp(thetaHP,'Half Power Beam Width(degree) : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 3.8_1: Exact_and_Approximate_Directivity.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 3.8.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"theta1=0;theta2=%pi/2;//radian(Angles)\n",
+"fi1=0;fi2=2*%pi;//radian(Angles)\n",
+"//Prad=integrate('integrate('U','thheta',theta1,theta2)','fi',fi1,fi2);\n",
+"Prad_BY_Um=%pi*(1/2)*(cos(2*theta1)-cos(2*theta2));//(Power radiated/Max intensity)\n",
+"Do=4*%pi/Prad_BY_Um;//Exact Directivity\n",
+"disp(Do,'Exact Directivity : ');\n",
+"//Um*Cosd(thetaHP/2)=0.5*Um\n",
+"thetaHP=2*acosd(0.5);//degree(HPBW)\n",
+"fiHP=thetaHP;//degree(HPBW)\n",
+"Do=41253/(thetaHP*fiHP);//Approximate Directivity\n",
+"disp(Do,'Approximate Directivity : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/4-Linear_Wire_Antennas.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/4-Linear_Wire_Antennas.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01ce0f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/4-Linear_Wire_Antennas.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 4: Linear Wire Antennas"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.2_1: Er_Etheta_and_Hfi.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 4.2.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"l=5;//cm(length of antenna)\n",
+"f=100;//MHz(operating frequency)\n",
+"Io=120;//mA(Terminal current)\n",
+"t=1;//s(time)\n",
+"theta=45;//degree(Angle)\n",
+"r=3;//m(radius)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s////Speed of light\n",
+"omega=2*%pi*f*10^6;//rad/sec(rotation)\n",
+"k=omega/c;//rad/m(Phase constant)\n",
+"kr=2*%pi*r/3;//degree(Phase constant)\n",
+"Er=Io*10^-3*l*10^-2/(2*%pi*r^2)*cosd(theta)*120*%pi*[1+1/(%i*kr)]*exp(-%i*kr+%i*omega*t);//V/m(Electric field)\n",
+"Er=Er*1000;//mV/m(Electric field)\n",
+"Er_mag=abs(Er);//mV/m(magnitude of Er)\n",
+"Er_angle=atand(imag(Er),real(Er));//degree(angle of Er)\n",
+"disp(Er_angle,Er_mag,'Value of Er : magnitude(mV/m) and angle in degree : ');\n",
+"Etheta=Io*10^-3*l*10^-2/(4*%pi*r)*sind(theta)*120*%pi*%i*k*[1+1/(%i*kr)+1/(%i*kr)^2]*exp(-%i*kr+%i*omega*t);//V/m(Electric field)\n",
+"Etheta_mag=abs(Etheta);//V/m(magnitude of Etheta)\n",
+"Etheta_angle=atand(imag(Etheta),real(Etheta));//degree(angle of Etheta)\n",
+"disp(Etheta_angle,Etheta_mag,'Value of Etheta : magnitude(V/m) and angle in degree : ');\n",
+"Hfi=Io*10^-3*l*10^-2/(4*%pi*r)*sind(theta)*%i*k*[1+1/(%i*kr)]*exp(-%i*kr+%i*omega*t);//A/m(Magnetic field)\n",
+"Hfi_mag=abs(Hfi);//A/m(magnitude of Hfi)\n",
+"Hfi_angle=atand(imag(Hfi),real(Hfi));//degree(angle of Hfi)\n",
+"disp(Hfi_angle,Hfi_mag,'Value of HΦ : magnitude(A/m) and angle in degree : ');\n",
+"//Answer is not accurate in the book."
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.5_1: Effective_area.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 4.5.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"f=500;//MHz(Operating Frequency)\n",
+"Do=1.643;//for half wave dipole\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s////Speed of light\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"Aem=lambda^2/(4*%pi)*Do;//m²(Effective area)\n",
+"disp(Aem,'Effective area in m² : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.6_1: Current_required.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 4.6.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"\n",
+"l=1;//m\n",
+"Prad=4;//W\n",
+"f=1.5;//MHz\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s////Speed of light\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m\n",
+"//here l/lambda<1/50 tells us it is a Hertzian monopole antenna\n",
+"h=1;//m\n",
+"Rr=40*%pi^2*(h/lambda)^2;//mΩ\n",
+"Io=sqrt(2*Prad/Rr);//A\n",
+"disp(Io,'Current required in A : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.9_1: Power_radiated.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 4.9.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"\n",
+"le=100;//m\n",
+"Irms=450;//A\n",
+"f=40000;//Hz\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s////Speed of light\n",
+"lambda=c/f;//m\n",
+"P=160*%pi^2*(le/lambda)^2*Irms^2;//mW\n",
+"Rr=160*%pi^2*(le/lambda)^2;//Ω\n",
+"disp(P*10^-3,'Power radiated in W : ');\n",
+"disp(Rr,'Radiation resistance in Ω : ');\n",
+"//Answer wrong for radiation resistance in the book."
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.9_2: Radiation_resistance_and_power.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 4.9.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"\n",
+"le=61.4;//m\n",
+"Irms=50;//A\n",
+"lambda=625;//m\n",
+"P=160*%pi^2*(le/lambda)^2*Irms^2;//kW\n",
+"Rr=160*%pi^2*(le/lambda)^2;//Ω\n",
+"disp(P*10^-3,'Power radiated in kW : ');\n",
+"disp(Rr,'Radiation resistance in Ω : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.9_3: Power_radiated_and_efficiency.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 4.9.3\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',5);\n",
+"le=10;//m(effective length)\n",
+"Irms=450;//A(rms current)\n",
+"Rl=1.5;//Ω(resistance)\n",
+"f=50;//kHz(Operating frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s////Speed of light\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^3);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"P=160*%pi^2*(le/lambda)^2*Irms^2;//kW(Power)\n",
+"P=P*1000;//W(Power)\n",
+"Rr=160*%pi^2*(le/lambda)^2;//Ω(Radiation resistance)\n",
+"Eta=Rr/(Rr+Rl)*100;//%(Efficiency)\n",
+"disp(Eta,'Efficiency of antenna in % : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.9_4: Radiation_Resistance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 4.9.4\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"//l=lambda/8\n",
+"lBYlambda=1/8;//(length/Wavelength)\n",
+"Rr=80*%pi^2*(lBYlambda)^2;//Ω(Radiation resistance)\n",
+"disp(Rr,'Radiation resistance in Ω : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 4.9_5: Radiation_Resistance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 4.9.5\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"L=1;//m(Length of element)\n",
+"f=10;//MHz(Operating frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s////Speed of light\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"Rr=80*%pi^2*(L/lambda)^2;//Ω(Radiation resistance)\n",
+"disp(Rr,'Radiation resistance in Ω : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/6-Antenna_Arrays.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/6-Antenna_Arrays.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44ba796
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/6-Antenna_Arrays.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,408 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 6: Antenna Arrays"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.10_1: Find_the_Directivity.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 6.10.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"n=10;//no. of elements\n",
+"//d=lambda/4;(spacing)\n",
+"dBYlambda=1/4;///(Spacing/wavelength)\n",
+"//Broadside array\n",
+"D=2*n*dBYlambda;//unitless(Directivity)\n",
+"D=10*log10(D);//dB(Directivity)\n",
+"disp(D,'Directivity for broadside array in dB : ');\n",
+"//Endfire array\n",
+"D=4*n*dBYlambda;//unitless(Directivity)\n",
+"D=10*log10(D);//dB(Directivity)\n",
+"disp(D,'Directivity for Ordinary endfire array in dB : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.10_2: Design_ordinary_endfire_array.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 6.10.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"D=20;//dB(Directivity)\n",
+"//d=lambda/4;(spacing)\n",
+"dBYlambda=1/4;//(spacing/wavelength)\n",
+"D=10^(D/10);//unitless(Directivity)\n",
+"n=D/4/dBYlambda;//no. of elements\n",
+"disp(n,'(i) No. of elements : ');\n",
+"LBYlambda=(n-1)*dBYlambda;//(length/wavelength)\n",
+"disp('(ii) Length of the array is '+string(LBYlambda)+'*lambda');\n",
+"HPBW=2*acosd(1-1.391/%pi/n/dBYlambda);//degree(HPBW)\n",
+"disp(HPBW,'(iii) HPBW in degree : ');\n",
+"SLL=-13.46;//dB(Side lobe level)\n",
+"disp(SLL,'(iv) SLL in dB : ');\n",
+"Beta_into_lambda=2*%pi;//(temorary calculatuion)\n",
+"//alfa=-Beta*d;//for theta=0\n",
+"//alfa=Beta*d;//for theta=180\n",
+"alfa1=-Beta_into_lambda*dBYlambda;//radian////for theta=0\n",
+"alfa1=alfa1*180/%pi;//degree(angle)\n",
+"alfa2=Beta_into_lambda*dBYlambda;//radian////for theta=180\n",
+"alfa2=alfa2*180/%pi;//degree(angle)\n",
+"disp(alfa2,alfa1,'(v) Progressive phase shift, α for theta equals to 0° & 180° are : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.14_1: Four_Element_broadside_array.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 6.14.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"SLL=19.1;//dB(Side Lobe Level)\n",
+"//d=lambda/2;(spacing)\n",
+"dBYlambda=1/2;//(Spacing/wavelength)\n",
+"n=4;//(no. of elements)\n",
+"r=round(10^(SLL/20));//(ratio of main lobe to side lobe)\n",
+"m=n-1;//(degree )\n",
+"//T3(x0)=r=4*x0^3-3*x0;\n",
+"x0=roots([4 0 -3 -r]);//(Coefficient)\n",
+"x0=x0(1);//taking real value(Coefficient)\n",
+"//E4(z)=T3(x)=4*x^3-3*x=4*a1*z^3-3*a1*z+a0*z\n",
+"//4*a1*z^3=4*x^3 where z^3=(x/x0)^3\n",
+"a1=4*x0^3/4;//(Coefficient)\n",
+"//a0*z-3*z*a1=-3*x\n",
+"a0=(3/x0*a1-3)*x0;//(Coefficient)\n",
+"disp(a0,a1,'Coefficients of array polynomial a1 & a0 are : ');\n",
+"disp(a0/a1,a1/a1,'Relative current amplitudes are :');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.2_1: Relative_field_patter.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 6.2.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',5);\n",
+"n=2;//(No. of point source)\n",
+"//E=E0*{exp(%i*%pi/2)-exp(-%i*si/2)} where exp(-%i*si)=-1\n",
+"//si=Beta*d*cosd(fi)=2*%pi*cosd(fi)\n",
+"//E=2*%i*E0*sind(%pi*cosd(fi)); But 2*%i*E0=1\n",
+"fi=[0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330];//degree(angle)\n",
+"En=sin(%pi*cosd(fi));//Normalized field\n",
+"disp('Different values of fi : ');\n",
+"disp(string(fi));\n",
+"disp('Corresponding normalized field is : ');\n",
+"disp(string(abs(En)));"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.2_2: Radiation_patern.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 6.2.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',5);\n",
+"n=2;//(No. of point source)\n",
+"//E=E0*{exp(%i*(%pi/4+si/2))-exp(-%i*(%pi/4+si/2))} as exp(%i*theta)+exp(-%i*theta)=2*cos(theta)\n",
+"//E=2*E0*cos(%pi/4+si/2);\n",
+"//si=Beta*d*cosd(fi)=2*%pi*cosd(fi)\n",
+"//En=cos(%pi/4+Beta*d*cosd(%pi/4)); But 2*E0=1\n",
+"fi=[0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330];//degree(angle)\n",
+"En=cos(%pi/4+%pi/4*cosd(fi));//Normalized field\n",
+"disp('Different values of fi : ');\n",
+"disp(string(fi));\n",
+"disp('Corresponding normalized field is : ');\n",
+"disp(string(abs(En)));"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.2_3: Field_patter.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 6.2.3\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',5);\n",
+"//E=cos(fi)+sin(fi)<si;\n",
+"//En=cos(%pi/4+%pi*cosd(fi)) as 2*E0=1\n",
+"fi=[0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330];//degree(Angle)\n",
+"si=%pi/2*(cosd(fi)+1);//(Phase)\n",
+"En=cos(%pi/4+%pi*cosd(fi));//Normalized field\n",
+"disp('Different values of fi : ');\n",
+"disp(string(fi));\n",
+"disp('Corresponding normalized field is : ');\n",
+"disp(string(abs(En)));\n",
+"//Answer in the book is wrong."
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.6_1: Location_of_first_null.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 6.6.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',5);\n",
+"n=80;//(no. of elements)\n",
+"N=1;//for first null\n",
+"//d=lambda/2;(spacing)\n",
+"dBYlambda=1/2;//(spacing/wavelength)\n",
+"fi01=acosd(N/n/dBYlambda);//degree(Angle)\n",
+"Null_1st=(%pi/2*180/%pi)-fi01;//degree(First Null)\n",
+"disp(Null_1st,'Location of 1st null from maxima in degree : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.6_2: Various_parameters_of_isotropic_array.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example 6.6.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"n=4;//(No. of elements)\n",
+"//d=lambda/2;(Spacing)\n",
+"dBYlambda=1/2;//(Spacing/wavelength)\n",
+"alfa=0;//degree(angle)\n",
+"N=1;//(For first null)\n",
+"disp('Part (i)');\n",
+"theta01=[acosd(+N/2) acosd(-N/2)];//degree(Angle)\n",
+"N=2;//(For second null)\n",
+"theta02=[acosd(+N/2) acosd(-N/2)];//degree(angle)\n",
+"//N=3;//not possible as N/2 is greater than 1\n",
+"disp(theta01,'Null directions for N=1 : theta01(degree) ');\n",
+"disp(theta02,'Null directions for N=2 : theta02(degree) ');\n",
+"disp('Part (ii)');\n",
+"m=0;//for maxima\n",
+"theta_m=acosd(m/dBYlambda);//degree(angle)\n",
+"disp(theta_m,'Direction of maxima : theta_m(degree) ');\n",
+"disp('Part (iii)');\n",
+"S=1;//for side lobe maxima\n",
+"//S=2 & onwards not possible\n",
+"theta_S=[acosd((2*S+1)/2/n/dBYlambda) acosd(-(2*S+1)/2/n/dBYlambda)];//degree(angle for side lobe)\n",
+"disp(theta_S,'Side lobe maxima : theta_S(degree) ');\n",
+"disp('Part (iv)');\n",
+"HPBW=2*[90-acosd(1.391/%pi/n/dBYlambda)];//degree(HPBW)\n",
+"disp(HPBW,'HPBW(degree) ');\n",
+"disp('Part (v)');\n",
+"FNBW=2*[90-acosd(1/n/dBYlambda)];//degree(FNBW)\n",
+"disp(FNBW,'FNBW(degree) ');\n",
+"disp('Part (vi)');\n",
+"SLL=-13.46;//dB////for isotropic sources array(Side lobe level)\n",
+"disp(SLL,'Side lobe level(dB) ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.8_1: Ordinary_endfire_array.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 6.8.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',5);\n",
+"n=4;//(No. of elements)\n",
+"//d=lambda/2;(spacing)\n",
+"dBYlambda=1/2;//(spacing/wavelength)\n",
+"theta=0;//degree(angle)\n",
+"//Beta=2*%pi/lambda\n",
+"disp('Part (i)');\n",
+"Beta_into_lambda=2*%pi;//(Coefficient)\n",
+"//alfa=-Beta*d\n",
+"alfa=-Beta_into_lambda*dBYlambda;//radian(Progressive phase shift)\n",
+"alfa=alfa*180/%pi;//degree(Progressive phase shift)\n",
+"disp(alfa,'Progressive phase shift(degree) ');\n",
+"disp('Part (ii)');\n",
+"N=1:3;//as N=4 is not allowed\n",
+"theta01=acosd(1-N(1)/n/dBYlambda);//degree(angle)\n",
+"theta02=acosd(1-N(2)/n/dBYlambda);//degree(angle)\n",
+"theta03=acosd(1-N(3)/n/dBYlambda);//degree(angle)\n",
+"disp(theta03,theta02,theta01,'Null directions, theta01, theta02 & theta03 in degree are :  ');\n",
+"disp('Part (iii)');\n",
+"m=0:1;//as m=2 & onwards is not allowed\n",
+"theta0=acosd(1-m(1)/dBYlambda);//degree(angle)\n",
+"theta1=acosd(1-m(2)/dBYlambda);//degree(angle)\n",
+"disp(theta1,theta0,'Maxima directions, theta0, theta1 in degree are :  ');\n",
+"disp('Part (iv)');\n",
+"FNBW=2*acosd(1-1/n/dBYlambda);//degree(FNBW)\n",
+"disp(FNBW,'FNBW in degree :  ');\n",
+"disp('Part (v)');\n",
+"HPBW=2*acosd(1-1.391/n/%pi/dBYlambda);//degree(HPBW)\n",
+"disp(HPBW,'HPBW in degree :  ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 6.8_2: Half_Power_Beam_Width.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 6.8.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"n=16;//no. of point source\n",
+"//d=lambda/4;(spacing)\n",
+"dBYlambda=1/4;//(Spacing/wavelength)\n",
+"HPBW=2*acosd(1-1.391/n/%pi/dBYlambda);//degree(HPBW)\n",
+"disp(HPBW,'HPBW in degree :  ');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/7-Loop_Antenna.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/7-Loop_Antenna.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..40847a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/7-Loop_Antenna.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 7: Loop Antenna"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 7.10_1: Input_Voltage.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 7.10.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"A=1;//m²(Area of loop)\n",
+"N=400;//no. of turns\n",
+"Q=100;//Quality factor\n",
+"theta=60;//degree(angle)\n",
+"Erms=10;//µV/m(field strength)\n",
+"f=1;//MHz(tuned frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s////Speed of light\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"Vr=Q*2*%pi*A*N*cosd(theta)*Erms*10^-6/lambda;//V(reciever input voltage)\n",
+"disp(Vr*1000,'Input voltage to the receiver in mV : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 7.10_2: Voltage_induced_in_lop.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 7.10.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"N=12;//no. of turns\n",
+"A=1;//m²(Area of loop)\n",
+"Erms=100;//µV/m(field strength)\n",
+"f=10;//MHz(tuned frequency)\n",
+"theta=0;//degree(angle)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s////Speed of light\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"Vr=2*%pi*A*N*cosd(theta)*Erms*10^-6/lambda;//V(reciever input voltage)\n",
+"disp(Vr*10^6,'Voltage induced in loop in µV/m : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 7.10_3: Find_the_field_strength.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 7.10.3\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"N=25;//no. of turns\n",
+"Vrms=150;//µV(emf induced)\n",
+"f=500;//kHz(tuned frequency)\n",
+"A=0.5^2;//m²(Area of loop)\n",
+"theta=0;//degree(angle)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s////Speed of light\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^3);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"Erms=lambda/(2*%pi*A*N*cosd(theta))*Vrms*10^-6;//V/m(maximum emf induced)\n",
+"disp(Erms*10^3,'Field strength in mV/m : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 7.10_4: Radiation_Resistance.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 7.10.4\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"N1=1;//no. of turns in primary\n",
+"N2=8;//no. of turns in secondary\n",
+"//a=lambda/25;\n",
+"aBYlambda=1/25;//(temporary calculation)\n",
+"//A=%pi*a^2\n",
+"A_BY_lambda_sqr=%pi*aBYlambda^2;//(temporary calculation)\n",
+"Rr1=31200*(N1*A_BY_lambda_sqr)^2;//Ω(Radiation resistance for single turn)\n",
+"disp(Rr1,'Radiation resistance for single turn loop in Ω : ');\n",
+"Rr2=31200*(N2*A_BY_lambda_sqr)^2;//Ω(Radiation resistance for 8 turn)\n",
+"disp(Rr2,'Radiation resistance for 8 turn loop in Ω : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 7.10_5: Radiation_Efficiency.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 7.10.5\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"f=100;//MHz(Operating frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s////Speed of light\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(Wavelength)\n",
+"a=lambda/25;//m(radius)\n",
+"C=2*%pi*a;//m(Circumference)\n",
+"d=2*10^-4*lambda;//m(Spacing)\n",
+"disp('For single turn : ');\n",
+"N=1;//n. of turns\n",
+"RL_BY_Rr=3430/(C^3*f^(3.5)*N*d);//(temporary calculation)\n",
+"K=1/(1+RL_BY_Rr)*100;//%(Radiation efficiency)\n",
+"disp(K,'Radiation efficiency of single turn in % : ');\n",
+"disp('For Eight turn : ');\n",
+"N=8;//no. of turns\n",
+"RL_BY_Rr=3430/(C^3*f^(3.5)*N*d);//(temporary calculation)\n",
+"K=1/(1+RL_BY_Rr)*100;//%(Radiation efficiency)\n",
+"disp(K,'Radiation efficiency of eight turn in % : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 7.10_6: Directivity.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 7.10.6\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',6);\n",
+"a=0.5;//m(radius)\n",
+"f=0.9;//MHz(OPerating frequency)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s////Speed of light\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^6);//m(wavelength)\n",
+"C=2*%pi*a;//m(Circumference)\n",
+"if C/lambda<1/3 then\n",
+"    D=3/2;//Directivity\n",
+"elseif C/lambda>1/3 then\n",
+"    D=0.682*C/lambda;//Directivity\n",
+"end\n",
+"disp(D,'Directivity : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/8-Slot_Antenna.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/8-Slot_Antenna.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f614a49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/8-Slot_Antenna.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 8: Slot Antenna"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 8.3_1: Input_Impedence.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 8.3.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"Zcs=73+%i*42.5;//Ω(Impedence of complementry structure)\n",
+"Eta=120*%pi;//(Constant for free space)\n",
+"ZS=Eta^2/4/Zcs;//Ω(Input Impedence)\n",
+"disp(ZS,'Input impedence in Ω : ');\n",
+"//At resonance\n",
+"Zcs=73;//Ω(Impedence of complementry structure)\n",
+"Eta=120*%pi;//(Constant for free space)\n",
+"ZS=Eta^2/4/Zcs;//Ω(Input Impedence)\n",
+"disp(ZS,'At resonance, Input impedence in Ω  : ');\n",
+"disp('ZS can be rounded to 500 Ω');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/9-Horn_Antenna.ipynb b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/9-Horn_Antenna.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dfb2767
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Antenna_and_Wave_Propagation_by_S_Wali/9-Horn_Antenna.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+{
+"cells": [
+ {
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+	   "metadata": {},
+	   "source": [
+       "# Chapter 9: Horn Antenna"
+	   ]
+	},
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 9.6_1: Capture_Area.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 9.6.1\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"f=2;//GHz(Frequency)\n",
+"G=12;//dBi(Gain)\n",
+"D=12;//dBi(Gain)\n",
+"D=10^(D/10);//unitless(Directivity)\n",
+"c=3*10^8;//m/s(speed of light)\n",
+"lambda=c/(f*10^9);//m(wavelength)\n",
+"Ap=D*lambda^2/7.5;//m²(capture area)\n",
+"disp(Ap,'Required capture area in m²  : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+,
+{
+		   "cell_type": "markdown",
+		   "metadata": {},
+		   "source": [
+			"## Example 9.6_2: Various_parameters_of_hor.sce"
+		   ]
+		  },
+  {
+"cell_type": "code",
+	   "execution_count": null,
+	   "metadata": {
+	    "collapsed": true
+	   },
+	   "outputs": [],
+"source": [
+"//Example No. 9.6.2\n",
+"clc;\n",
+"clear;\n",
+"close;\n",
+"format('v',7);\n",
+"aEBYlambda=10;//(Aperture/wavelength)\n",
+"del_EBYlambda=0.2;//in E-plane\n",
+"del_HBYlambda=0.375;//in H-plane\n",
+"LBYlambda=aEBYlambda^2/8/del_EBYlambda;//(Length/wavelength)\n",
+"disp('Length of the horn is '+string(LBYlambda)+'*lambda');\n",
+"aHBYlambda=sqrt(LBYlambda*8*del_HBYlambda);//(Aperture/wavelength)\n",
+"disp('H-plane aperture, aH is '+string(aHBYlambda)+'*lambda');\n",
+"theta_E=2*atand(aEBYlambda/2/LBYlambda);//degree(Angle)\n",
+"theta_H=2*atand(aHBYlambda/2/LBYlambda);//degree(Angle)\n",
+"disp(theta_H,theta_E,'Flare angles theta_E & theta_H(in degree) are : ');\n",
+"HPBW_E=56/aEBYlambda;//degree(HPBW for E-plane)\n",
+"disp(HPBW_E,'HPBW(E-plane) in degree : ');\n",
+"HPBW_H=67/aHBYlambda;//degree(HPBW for H-plane)\n",
+"disp(HPBW_H,'HPBW(H-plane) in degree : ');\n",
+"FNBW_E=102/aEBYlambda;//degree(FNBW for E-plane)\n",
+"disp(FNBW_E,'FNBW(E-plane) in degree : ');\n",
+"FNBW_H=172/aHBYlambda;//degree(FNBW for F-plane)\n",
+"disp(FNBW_H,'FNBW(H-plane) in degree : ');\n",
+"D=10*log10(7.5*aEBYlambda*aHBYlambda);//(Directivity)\n",
+"disp(D,'Directivity in dB  : ');"
+   ]
+   }
+],
+"metadata": {
+		  "kernelspec": {
+		   "display_name": "Scilab",
+		   "language": "scilab",
+		   "name": "scilab"
+		  },
+		  "language_info": {
+		   "file_extension": ".sce",
+		   "help_links": [
+			{
+			 "text": "MetaKernel Magics",
+			 "url": "https://github.com/calysto/metakernel/blob/master/metakernel/magics/README.md"
+			}
+		   ],
+		   "mimetype": "text/x-octave",
+		   "name": "scilab",
+		   "version": "0.7.1"
+		  }
+		 },
+		 "nbformat": 4,
+		 "nbformat_minor": 0
+}