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//example-18.3
//page no- 537
//given
//conductivity of material
sigma=0.018 // per ohm m
//no of electrons
n=10^19 //electrons/m^3
//voltage
V=0.16 //V
//thickness of material
t=0.29*10^-3 //m
//mass and charge of electron
m=9.1*10^-31 //kg
e=1.602*10^-19 //C
//electric feilf gradient
kie=V/t //V/m
//as we know that
//sigma=n*e*vd/kie
//so v
vd=sigma*kie/n/e //m/s
printf ("drift velocity of carriers is %f m/s",vd)
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