diff options
Diffstat (limited to '797/CH5')
24 files changed, 249 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.1.e/5_01_example.sci b/797/CH5/EX5.1.e/5_01_example.sci new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e3fbbcc7b --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.1.e/5_01_example.sci @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +//Example 5-1 Water Flow through a Garden Hose Nozzle +V = 10 //volume of bucket [gal] +d_hose = 2 //inner diameter of hose [cm] +d_e = 0.8 //diameter of nozzle at exit [cm] +dt = 50 //time required to fill the bucket [s] +rho = 1 //density of water in [kg/L] diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.1.s/5_01_solution.sce b/797/CH5/EX5.1.s/5_01_solution.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..86c0665c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.1.s/5_01_solution.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Solution 5-01 +WD=get_absolute_file_path('5_01_solution.sce'); +datafile=WD+filesep()+'5_01_example.sci'; +clc; +exec(datafile) +d_e = d_e / 100; //conversion from [cm] to [m] +d_hose = d_hose / 100; +rho = rho * 1000; //conversion from [kg/L] to [kg/m^3] +//(a) +Vdot = V / dt * 3.7854; //volume flow rate [L/s] +printf("\nVolume flow rate is %1.4f L/s", Vdot); +Vdot = Vdot / 1000; //conversion from [L/s] to [m^3/s] +mdot = rho * Vdot; +printf("\nMass flow rate is %1.4f kg/s", mdot); +//(b) +A_e = %pi * (d_e / 2)^2; //cross-sectional area of nozzle at exit +V_e = Vdot / A_e; //from continuity equation +printf("\nAverage velocity of water in nozzle is %1.2f m/s", V_e); +A_hose = %pi * (d_hose / 2)^2; //cross-sectional area of hose +V_hose = Vdot / A_hose; +printf("\nAverage velocity of water in hose is %1.2f m/s", V_hose); diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.12.e/5_12_example.sci b/797/CH5/EX5.12.e/5_12_example.sci new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7bcb65a75 --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.12.e/5_12_example.sci @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 5-12 Pumping Power and Frictional Heating in a Pump +Wdot_electric = 15 //power rating of motor [kW] +eta_motor = 90 //efficiency of motor [%] +Vdot = 50 //water flow rate through pump [L/s] +P_1 = 100 //pressure at inlet of pump [kPa] +P_2 = 300 //pressure at outlet of pump [kPa] +rho = 1000 //density of water [kg/m^3] +c = 4.18 //Specific heat of water [kJ/kg.K] diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.12.s/5_12_solution.sce b/797/CH5/EX5.12.s/5_12_solution.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..87dcba25a --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.12.s/5_12_solution.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Solution 5-12 +pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5_12_solution.sce'); +filename=pathname+filesep()+'5_12_example.sci'; +clc; +exec(filename) +P_1 = P_1 * 1000; //pressure conversion from [kPa] to [Pa] +P_2 = P_2 * 1000; +Vdot = Vdot / 1000; //conversion from [L/s] to [m^3/s] +eta_motor = eta_motor / 100; +Wdot_electric = Wdot_electric * 1000; //conversion from [kW] to [W] +c = c * 1000; +//(a) +mdot = rho * Vdot; //mass flow rate of water +Wdot_pumpshaft = eta_motor * Wdot_electric; //efficiency relation between motor and pump +deltaEdot_mechfluid = mdot * (P_2 - P_1)/rho; +eta_pump = deltaEdot_mechfluid / Wdot_pumpshaft * 100; //from efficiency relation +printf("Efficiency of pump is %1.4f percent", eta_pump); +//(b) +Edot_mechloss = Wdot_pumpshaft - deltaEdot_mechfluid; //energy lost +deltaT = Edot_mechloss / (mdot * c); +printf("\nTemperature rise of water as it flows through the pump is %1.3f degree C", deltaT); diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.13.e/5_13_example.sci b/797/CH5/EX5.13.e/5_13_example.sci new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b878b102d --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.13.e/5_13_example.sci @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 5-13 Hydroelectric Power Generation from a Dam +Vdot = 100 //flow rate of water to a turbine [m^3/s] +z_1 = 120 //total available head [m of water] +h_L = 35 //head loss [m] +eta_turbinegen = 80 //overall efficiency of unit [%] +rho = 1000 //density of water [kg/m^3] +g = 9.81 //gravitational acceleration [m/s^2] diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.13.s/5_13_solution.sce b/797/CH5/EX5.13.s/5_13_solution.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c83e2d17a --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.13.s/5_13_solution.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Solution 5-13 +pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5_13_solution.sce') +filename=pathname+filesep()+'5_13_example.sci' +clc; +exec(filename) +eta_turbinegen = eta_turbinegen / 100; //conversion from [%] to fraction +mdot = rho * Vdot; //mass flow rate of water to turbine +h_turbine = z_1 - h_L; //from Bernoulli equation application between 1 and 2 +Wdot_turbine = mdot * g * h_turbine; //work done by water on turbine [W] +Wdot_electric = eta_turbinegen * Wdot_turbine; //from overall efficiency relation +Wdot_electric = Wdot_electric / 10^6; //conversion from [W] to [MW] +printf("Electric power generated by actual unit is %1.4f MW", Wdot_electric); diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.14.e/5_14_example.sci b/797/CH5/EX5.14.e/5_14_example.sci new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6fec0d68c --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.14.e/5_14_example.sci @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 5-14 Fan Selection for Air Cooling of Computer +V = 12*40*40 //volume of computer case [cm^3] +D = 5 //diameter of hole [cm] +deltat = 1 //time required to replace air in computer case completely [s] +eta_fan = 30 //efficiency of fan [%] +rho_air = 1.2 //density of air [kg/m^3] +alpha_2 = 1.10 //kinetic energy correction factor diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.14.s/5_14_solution.sce b/797/CH5/EX5.14.s/5_14_solution.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bb4e8e8fb --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.14.s/5_14_solution.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Solution 5-14 +pathname=get_absolute_file_path('5_14_solution.sce') +filename=pathname+filesep()+'5_14_example.sci' +clc; +exec(filename) +eta_fan = eta_fan / 100; +D = D / 100; +//(a) +V = 0.5 * V / 10^6; //volume of air [m^3] +Vdot = V / deltat; //volume flow rate of air +mdot = rho_air * Vdot; //mass flow rate of air +A = %pi * D^2 / 4; //cross-sectional area of the opening in case +V_2 = Vdot / A; +Wdot_fan = mdot * alpha_2 * V_2^2 / 2 //application of Bernoulli equation between 1 and 2 +Wdot_elect = Wdot_fan / eta_fan; +printf("The wattage of the fan motor unit to be purchased is %1.4f W", Wdot_elect); +//(b) +dP = rho_air * Wdot_fan / mdot; //from energy equation between 3 and 4 +printf("\nPressure defference across the fan is %1.2f Pa", dP); diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.15.e/5_15_example.sci b/797/CH5/EX5.15.e/5_15_example.sci new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3ea7bc437 --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.15.e/5_15_example.sci @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 5-15 Pumping water from Lake to a Reservoir +Wdot_shaft = 5 //shaft power of pump [kW] +eta_pump = 72 //efficiency of pump [%] +z_2 = 25 //elevation of free surface of reservoir from lake free surface [m] +h_L = 4 //irreversible head loss in piping system [m] +rho = 1000 //density of water [kg/m^3] +g = 9.81 //gravitational acceleration [m^2/s] diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.15.s/5_15_solution.sce b/797/CH5/EX5.15.s/5_15_solution.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d5a86bef1 --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.15.s/5_15_solution.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Solution 5-15 +WD=get_absolute_file_path('5_15_solution.sce'); +datafile=WD+filesep()+'5_15_example.sci'; +clc; +exec(datafile) +Wdot_shaft = Wdot_shaft * 1000; +Wdot_pump = eta_pump * Wdot_shaft / 100; +mdot = Wdot_pump / (g * (z_2 + h_L)); //energy equation +Vdot = mdot / rho; +printf("Discharge rate of water is %1.4e m^3/s i.e %1.4f L/s", Vdot, Vdot * 1000); +deltaP = Wdot_pump / Vdot; +printf("\nPressure difference across the pump is %1.2f kPa", deltaP / 1000);
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.2.e/5_02_example.sci b/797/CH5/EX5.2.e/5_02_example.sci new file mode 100644 index 000000000..176ae8c65 --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.2.e/5_02_example.sci @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +//Example 5-2 Discharge of Water from a Tank +h_0 = 1.2 //initial height of water level in tank [m] +D_tank = 0.9 //diameter of tank [m] +D_jet = 13 //diameter of tank [mm] +h_2 = 0.6 //final height of water level in tank [m] +g = 9.807 //gravitational acceleration [m/s^2] diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.2.s/5_02_solution.sce b/797/CH5/EX5.2.s/5_02_solution.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..48f6699d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.2.s/5_02_solution.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Solution 5-02 +WD=get_absolute_file_path('5_02_solution.sce'); +datafile=WD+filesep()+'5_02_example.sci'; +clc; +exec(datafile) +D_jet = D_jet * 10^(-3); //converting jet dia from [mm] to [m] +t = (sqrt(h_0)-sqrt(h_2)) / sqrt(g / 2) * (D_tank / D_jet)^2; +t = t / 60; //converitng time from [s] to [min] +printf("Time required for water level to drop from %1.2f m to %1.2f m is %1.1f min", h_0, h_2, t); diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.3.e/5_03_example.sci b/797/CH5/EX5.3.e/5_03_example.sci new file mode 100644 index 000000000..95a55d9de --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.3.e/5_03_example.sci @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Example 5-3 Performance of Hydraulic Turbine-Generator +h = 50 //depth of water [m] +mdot = 5000 //water mass flow rate [kg/s] +Wdot_elect = 1862 //electricity generated [kW] +eta_generator = 95 //generator efficiency [%] +rho = 1000 //density of water [kg/m^3] +g = 9.81 //gravitational acceleration [m/s^2] diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.3.s/5_03_solution.sce b/797/CH5/EX5.3.s/5_03_solution.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e0a4d572e --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.3.s/5_03_solution.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Solution 5-03 +WD=get_absolute_file_path('5_03_solution.sce'); +datafile=WD+filesep()+'5_03_example.sci'; +clc; +exec(datafile) +Wdot_elect = Wdot_elect * 10^3; //conversion into [W] +eta_generator = eta_generator / 100; //cenversion from [%] to fraction +//(a) +deltae_mech = g * h; //change in mechanical energy per unit mass [J/kg] +deltaE_mech = mdot * deltae_mech; //Total change in mechanical energy [W] +printf("Rate of mechanical energy supply to turbine is %1.2f kW", deltaE_mech / 1000); +eta_overall = Wdot_elect / deltaE_mech; //efficiency=output/input +printf("\nOverall efficiency is %1.4f", eta_overall); +//(b) +eta_turbine = eta_overall / eta_generator; //efficiency relations +printf("\nTurbine efficiency is %1.4f", eta_turbine); +Wdot_shaft = eta_turbine * deltaE_mech; //work=efficiency*energy supplied +printf("\nShaft power output from turbine is %1.2f kW", Wdot_shaft / 1000); diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.5.e/5_05_example.sci b/797/CH5/EX5.5.e/5_05_example.sci new file mode 100644 index 000000000..51aeeca91 --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.5.e/5_05_example.sci @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +//Example 5-5 Spraying Water into the Air +P_gauge = 400 //Gauge pressure of water flowing through hose [kPa] +rho = 1000 //density of water [kg/m^3] +g = 9.81 //gravitational acceleration [m/s^2] diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.5.s/5_05_solution.sce b/797/CH5/EX5.5.s/5_05_solution.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..aa21fbfa5 --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.5.s/5_05_solution.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Solution 5-05 +WD=get_absolute_file_path('5_05_solution.sce'); +datafile=WD+filesep()+'5_05_example.sci'; +clc; +exec(datafile) +P_gauge = P_gauge * 1000; //conversion from [kPa] to [Pa] +z_2 = P_gauge / (rho * g); //from Bernoulli equation +printf("The water jet can rise as high as %1.4f m into the sky", z_2); diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.6.e/5_06_example.sci b/797/CH5/EX5.6.e/5_06_example.sci new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1e5660285 --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.6.e/5_06_example.sci @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +//Example 5-6 Water Discharge from a Large Tank +z_1 = 5 //water height in tank [m] +g = 9.81 //gravitational acceleration [m/s^2] diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.6.s/5_06_solution.sce b/797/CH5/EX5.6.s/5_06_solution.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f71e09fec --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.6.s/5_06_solution.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +//Solution 5-06 +WD=get_absolute_file_path('5_06_solution.sce'); +datafile=WD+filesep()+'5_06_example.sci'; +clc; +exec(datafile) +V_2 = sqrt(2 * g * z_1); //Toricelli equation +printf("Water leaves the tank with initial velocity of %1.2f m/s", V_2); diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.7.e/5_07_example.sci b/797/CH5/EX5.7.e/5_07_example.sci new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b4b1aff6c --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.7.e/5_07_example.sci @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 5-7 Siphoning Out Gasoline from a Fuel Tank +P_atm = 101.3 //Atmospheric pressure [kPa] +z_1 = 0.75 //height of gasoline free surface from datum [m] +D = 5 //diameter of siphon [mm] +z_3 = 2 + 0.75 //height of point 2 from datum [m] +V = 4 //volume of gasoline required to be drawn in tank [litres] +rho = 750 //density of gasoline [kg/m^3] +g = 9.81 //gravitational acceleration diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.7.s/5_07_solution.sce b/797/CH5/EX5.7.s/5_07_solution.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..758558a74 --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.7.s/5_07_solution.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Solution 5-07 +WD=get_absolute_file_path('5_07_solution.sce'); +datafile=WD+filesep()+'5_07_example.sci'; +clc; +exec(datafile) +P_atm = P_atm * 1000; //conversion from [kPa] to [Pa] +D = D / 1000; //conversion from [mm] to [m] +V = V / 1000; //conversion from [litres] to [m^3] +//(a) +V_2 = sqrt(2 * g * z_1); //Toricelli equation +A = %pi * D^2 / 4; +Vdot = V_2 * A; //continuity equation +dt = V / Vdot; +printf("\nVelocity of water entering the gas can is %1.2f m/s", V_2); +printf("\nArea of cross section of siphon is %1.2e m^2", A); +printf("\nVolume flow rate of gasoline is %f L", Vdot * 1000); +printf("\nTime needed to siphon 4L of gasoline is %1.2f s", dt); +//(b) +P_3 = P_atm - rho * g * z_3; //application of Bernoulli equation between 2 and 3 +P_3 = P_3 / 1000; //conversion from [Pa] to [kPa] +printf("\nPressure at point 3 in siphon is %1.2f kPa", P_3); diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.8.e/5_08_example.sci b/797/CH5/EX5.8.e/5_08_example.sci new file mode 100644 index 000000000..79879c52d --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.8.e/5_08_example.sci @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +//Example 5-8 Velocity Measurement by a Pitot Tube +h_1 = 3 //depth of pitot tube [cm] +h_2 = 7 //height of water indicating static pressure [cm] +h_3 = 12 //height of water column indicating dynamic pressure [cm] +g = 9.81 //gravitational accleration [m/s^2] diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.8.s/5_08_solution.sce b/797/CH5/EX5.8.s/5_08_solution.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f1b946944 --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.8.s/5_08_solution.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Solution 5-08 +WD=get_absolute_file_path('5_08_solution.sce'); +datafile=WD+filesep()+'5_08_example.sci'; +clc; +exec(datafile) +h_3 = h_3 / 100; //conversion from [cm] to [m] +V_1 = sqrt(2 * g * h_3); //application of Bernoulli equation +printf("Velocity of water in pipe is %1.2f m/s", V_1); diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.9.e/5_09_example.sci b/797/CH5/EX5.9.e/5_09_example.sci new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fc6840fcd --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.9.e/5_09_example.sci @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 5-9 The rise of the Ocean Due to Hurricane +P_atmair = 76.2 //pressure at point 1 [cm of Hg] +P_air = 56 //pressure at the eye of the storm [cm of Hg] +V_A = 250 //wind velocity at point 2 [kmph] +rho_sw = 1025 //density of sea water [kg/m^3] +rho_Hg = 13584 //density of mercury [kg/m^3] +rho_atmair = 1.182 //density of air at atmospheric temperature [kg/m^3] +g = 9.807 //gravitational acceleration [m/s^2] diff --git a/797/CH5/EX5.9.s/5_09_solution.sce b/797/CH5/EX5.9.s/5_09_solution.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6432c6b74 --- /dev/null +++ b/797/CH5/EX5.9.s/5_09_solution.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Solution 5-09 +WD=get_absolute_file_path('5_09_solution.sce'); +datafile=WD+filesep()+'5_09_example.sci'; +clc; +exec(datafile) +V_A = V_A * 1000 / 3600; //conversion from [kmph] to [m/s] +P_atmair = P_atmair / 100; //conversion from [cm of Hg] to [m og Hg] +P_air = P_air / 100; //conversion from [cm of Hg] to [m of Hg] +//(a) +h_1 = rho_Hg / rho_sw * (P_atmair - P_air); //from pressure realtion P=rho*g*h +printf("Ocean swell at point 3 is %1.2f m", h_1); +//(b) +h_air = (V_A)^2 / (2 * g); //Bernoulli equation application between A and B +rho_air = P_air / P_atmair * rho_atmair //from ideal gas equation +h_dynamic = rho_air / rho_sw * h_air; //surge of point 2 from point 3 +h_2 = h_1 + h_dynamic; //total surge at point 2 +printf("\nOcean swell at point 2 is %1.2f m", h_2); |