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-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.1/P2_1.sce28
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.16/P2_16.sce18
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.2/P2_2.sce13
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.20/P2_20.sce20
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.22/P2_22.sce25
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.26/P2_26.sce8
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.27/P2_27.sce27
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.28/P2_28.sce20
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.29/P2_29.sce24
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.3/P2_3.sce18
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.30/P2_30.sce33
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.31/P2_31.sce22
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.32/P2_32.sce21
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.33/P2_33.sce23
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.46/P2_46.sce12
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.5/P2_5.sce16
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.6/P2_6.sce32
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.7/P2_7.sce18
-rwxr-xr-x692/CH2/EX2.9/P2_9.sce17
19 files changed, 395 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.1/P2_1.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.1/P2_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b174a1237
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.1/P2_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.1
+//Ensemble averaging
+clear ;
+clc ;
+n = 1:50;
+clf();
+figure(0)
+a=gca();
+a.x_location="origin";
+a.y_location="origin";
+ for i =1:length(n)
+ s(i)=2*n(i)*((0.9)^n(i));
+ d(i)=(-0.1)^n(i); //arbitrary noise signal.
+ end
+
+M=length(n);
+
+ for i =1:M
+ d(i)=(-0.1)^i;
+ S=sum(d);
+ end
+Eav=(s+S/M)'; //Ensemble average.
+disp(Eav,'The output of Ensemble averaging is')
+plot2d3(n,s)
+plot(n,s,'r.')
+xtitle('Ensemble averaging','n','Eav-s');
+a.children.children.thickness=2;
+a.children.children.foreground=2;
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.16/P2_16.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.16/P2_16.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8beec2006
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.16/P2_16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.16,
+clear;
+clc;
+//Given input sequence = [3 4 5]
+x=[0 3 4 5 0];
+disp([3 4 5],'Input sequence = ')
+//determining median filter
+//first sequence
+for k=2:4
+ if x(k)>x(k-1) & x(k+1)>x(k-1) & x(k+1)>x(k)
+ y(k-1)=x(k);
+ else
+ x(k-1)>x(k+1) & x(k)>x(k+1) & x(k)>x(k-1)
+ y(k-1)=x(k-1);
+ end
+end
+disp(y','The Median Filter of the given input is =');
+
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.2/P2_2.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.2/P2_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..aeffc0e8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.2/P2_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.2 , BASIC OPERATIONS.
+clear;
+clc;
+c=[3.2 41 36 -9.5 0];
+disp(c,'c = ');
+d=[1.7 -0.5 0 0.8 1];
+disp(d,'d = ');
+w1=c.*d; //Multiplication
+disp(w1,'The product of two input vectors is =');
+w2=c+d; //addition
+disp(w2,'The addition of two input vectors is =');
+w3=3.5*c;
+disp(w3,'The scaling of first input vector is =');
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.20/P2_20.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.20/P2_20.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0a63db736
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.20/P2_20.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.20,Passive or lossless system.
+clear;
+clc;
+a=input("any value of a less than or equal to one")
+n=-10:1:10;
+ x=n;
+ y=a*n;
+ S=0;
+ for i=1:length(n)
+ S=S+y^2;
+ end
+
+ if a<1 then
+ disp('the system is passive')
+ else
+
+ a==1
+ disp('the system is lossless')
+
+ end
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.22/P2_22.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.22/P2_22.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..035d20a81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.22/P2_22.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.22,impulse response of accumulator
+
+clear;
+clc;
+d=[1];
+t=-1:.01:1;
+h=0;
+clf();
+figure(0);
+a=gca();
+a.x_location="origin";
+
+for i=1:length(t)
+ if t(i)<0
+ h=0;
+ else
+ h=d;
+ plot2d3(i-101,h)
+ plot(i-101,h,'.r')
+ xtitle('Impulse Response of accumulator','t','Y');
+ a.children.children.thickness=1;
+ a.children.children.foreground=2;
+ end
+end
+disp(h,'The impulse response of Accumulator is =')
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.26/P2_26.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.26/P2_26.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5e434a00e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.26/P2_26.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.26,convolution of x & h
+x=[-2 0 1 -1 3];
+disp(x,'x = ');
+h=[1 2 0 -1];
+disp(h,'h = ');
+n=0:7;
+y=convol(x,h);
+disp(y,'The convolution of the two inputs is :')
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.27/P2_27.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.27/P2_27.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..259469051
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.27/P2_27.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.27, convolution of an exponential sequence
+clear;
+clc;
+n=0:.5:5
+c=0.5;
+b=0.4;
+clf();
+figure(0);
+a=gca();
+a.x_location="origin";
+x = c^n;
+subplot(2,2,1);
+plot2d3(n,x,2);
+plot(n,x,'.r');
+xtitle('','n','x');
+h = b^n ;
+subplot(2,2,2);
+plot2d3(n,h,2)
+plot(n,h,'.r')
+xtitle('','n','h');
+N=0:.5:10;
+y = convol (x , h );
+subplot(2,2,3);
+plot2d3(N,y,2)
+plot(N,y,'.r')
+xtitle('convol(x,h)' ,'n','y');
+disp(y,'Convolution of the two exponential sequences is =') \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.28/P2_28.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.28/P2_28.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d90addf12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.28/P2_28.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.28,graphical representation of convolution of x & h.
+clear;
+clc;
+x=[-2 0 1 -1 3];
+disp(x,'x');
+h=[1 2 0 -1];
+disp(h,'h');
+n=0:7;
+y=convol(x,h);
+disp(y,'convolution = ');
+clf();
+figure(0);
+a=gca();
+a.x_location="origin";
+a.y_location="origin";
+plot2d3(n,y)
+plot(n,y,'r.')
+xtitle('convolution','n','Y');
+a.children.children.thickness=2;
+a.children.children.foreground=2;
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.29/P2_29.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.29/P2_29.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fc59af2a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.29/P2_29.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//Example 2.29,Convolution using Tabular method.
+clear;
+clc;
+x=[-2 0 1 -1 3];
+h=[1 2 0 -1];
+q=length(x);
+w=length(h);
+z=q+w-1;
+y0=0;
+for i=1:z;
+ y(i)=0;
+ for k=1:i;
+ if k>q
+ x(k)=0;
+ else
+ if (i-k+1)>w
+ h(i-k+1)=0;
+ else
+ y(i)= y(i) + x(k)*h(i-k+1);
+ end
+ end
+ end
+end
+disp(y','The Convolution of the two sequences is =')
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.3/P2_3.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.3/P2_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2bde6f5ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.3/P2_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.3, Basic ops on unequal length sequence
+clear;
+clc;
+c=[3.2 41 36 -9.5 0];
+disp(c,'c = ');
+g=[-21 1.5 3];
+disp(g,'g = ');
+a=length(g);
+b=length(c);
+i=0;
+ while(i<b-a)
+ g(b-i)=0;
+ i=i+1;
+ end
+w4=g.*c;
+disp(w4,'The product of two sequences is =');
+w5=c+g;
+disp(w5,'The addition of two sequences is =');
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.30/P2_30.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.30/P2_30.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..121266d91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.30/P2_30.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.30
+//Convolution of two sided sequences
+clear;
+clc;
+g=[3 -2 4];//originating at n=-1
+h=[4 2 -1];//originating at n=0
+q=length(g);
+w=length(h);
+z=q+w-1;
+y0=0;
+for i=1:z;
+ y(i)=0;
+ for k=1:i;
+ if k>q
+ g(k)=0;
+ else
+ if (i-k+1)>w
+ h(i-k+1)=0;
+ else
+ y(i)= y(i) + g(k)*h(i-k+1);
+ end
+ end
+ end
+end
+n=-1:z-2;
+disp(y,'The Convolution of the two sequences is =')
+clf();
+a=gca();
+figure(0);
+a.x_location="origin";
+plot2d3(n,y,2);
+plot(n,y,'r.');
+xtitle('convolution','n','y');
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.31/P2_31.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.31/P2_31.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f596eea0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.31/P2_31.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.31, Stability for causal system.
+//h[i]=impulse response of LTI system.
+clear;
+clc;
+n= -5:0.001:5;
+a=0.6;
+
+for i=1:length(n)
+ if (n(i)<0)
+ h(i)=0;
+ else
+ h(i)=abs(a^n(i));
+
+ end
+end
+S=sum(h);
+if(S<%inf)
+ disp('BIBO stable system');
+else
+ disp('BIBO unstable system');
+
+end
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.32/P2_32.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.32/P2_32.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1328e312c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.32/P2_32.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//EXAMPLE2.32 Stability for anti-Causal system.
+//h[i]=impulse response of LTI system.
+clear;
+clc;
+n= -5:1/1000:5;
+a=5;
+for i=1:length(n)
+ if (n(i)>-1)
+ h(i)=0;
+ else
+ h(i)=a^n(i);
+ S=sum(h);
+ end
+end
+
+if(S<%inf)
+ disp('BIBO stable system');
+else
+ disp('BIBO unstable system');
+
+end
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.33/P2_33.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.33/P2_33.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..078908a6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.33/P2_33.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.33 ,stability of finite impulse response.
+//h[i]=impulse response of LTI system.
+clear;
+clc;
+n= -5:1/100:5;
+a= input('value of a');
+N1=input('lower limit');
+N2=input('upper limit');
+for i=1:length(a)
+ if (n(i)<N1 & n(i)>N2)
+ h(i)=0;
+ else
+ h(i)=a^n(i);
+ S=sum(h);
+ end
+end
+
+if(S<%inf)
+ disp('BIBO stable system'); //as long as N1,N2!=%inf
+else
+ disp('BIBO unstable system');
+
+end
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.46/P2_46.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.46/P2_46.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..384771268
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.46/P2_46.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.46, Cross corelation Computation.
+// Given two finite length sequence.x[n],y[n]:
+clear;
+clc;
+x=[1 3 -2 1 2 -1 4 4 2];
+disp(x,'x');
+y=[2 -1 4 1 -2 3];
+disp(y,'y');
+//Cross corelation rxy[n]:
+
+rxy=convol(x,mtlb_fliplr(y));
+disp(rxy,'The Cross-Corelation Operation of the Inputs is =')
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.5/P2_5.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.5/P2_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a1a3b05cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.5/P2_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.5,Conjugate-Antisymmetric & Conjugate-symmetric parts of Sequence
+clc;
+clear;
+g=[0, 1+%i*4, -2+%i*3, 4-%i*2, -5-%i*6, -%i*2, 3];
+disp(g,'g = ')
+g1=conj(g); //Conjugate of g;
+disp(g1,conj(g));
+a=length(g);
+for i=1:a
+ g2(1,i)=g1(a-i+1);
+end
+
+gcs=(g+g2)/2 //Conjugate-Symmetric part
+disp(gcs,'The Conjugate symmetric part is =');
+gcas=(g-g2)/2; //Conjugate-Antisymmetric part
+disp(gcas,'The Conjugate antisymmetric part is ='); \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.6/P2_6.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.6/P2_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6b612e905
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.6/P2_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.6, Energy Signal
+
+clear ;
+clc ;
+n = -5:5;
+for i =1:length ( n )
+ if(n(i)>=1)
+ h(i)=1/n(i);
+ else
+ h(i)=0;
+ end
+end
+
+Sum=0;
+N=1:10000;
+ for i=1:length(N)
+ h(i)=(1/N(i))^2;
+ end
+
+Energy = sum(h);
+
+ if (Energy<%inf ) then
+ disp ('Energy Signal') ;
+ disp(Energy,'Energy of signal = ');
+ else
+ if (Energy/length(N)<%inf ) then
+ disp ('Power Signal') ;
+
+ else
+ disp ('Niether Energy nor Power Signal') ;
+ end
+ end
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.7/P2_7.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.7/P2_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a20487216
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.7/P2_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.7,Example of Power signal
+clear ;
+clc ;
+
+Sum=0;
+N=1:10000;
+ for i=1:length(N)
+ h1= 3*((-1)^i);
+ h=h1^2;
+ end
+
+Energy = sum(h);
+ if (Energy/(2*(length(N))+1)<%inf ) then
+ disp ('Power Signal') ;
+ disp(Energy/2,'Power Signal = ');
+ else
+ disp ('Not a Power Signal') ;
+ end
diff --git a/692/CH2/EX2.9/P2_9.sce b/692/CH2/EX2.9/P2_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ecba03118
--- /dev/null
+++ b/692/CH2/EX2.9/P2_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//EXAMPLE 2.9, Generation of a Square wave sequence:
+clc;
+clear;
+clf();
+a=gca();
+figure(0);
+a.x_location="origin";
+x=[0:1:80];
+y1=sin(x*.05*%pi);
+y2=sin(x*.15*%pi);
+y3=sin(x*.25*%pi);
+y4=y1+y2/3+y3/5;
+plot2d3(x,y4,2)
+plot(x,y4,'r.')
+xtitle('Approximate Square wave','x','y4');
+a.children.children.thickness=3;
+
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2024-12-20 08:50:46 +0000